1319:. The inscriptions here record two prophetic events. The birth of a gazelle calf on the stone which became Mentuhotep IV's sarcophagus lid, and a sudden rainstorm that revealed a well brimming with water. The Egyptologist Gae Callender notes that, presuming the vizier and king to be identical, the report of these miracles were intended to 'signal that he was the one for whom miracles were performed' and indicated that he 'had been favoured by the gods'. There is also an inscription on a bowl from El-Lisht bearing the names of both kings. It led the Egyptologist William Murnane to propose that a period of co-regency was instantiated to legitimize Amenemhat I's accession to the throne, though the Egyptologist Nicolas Grimal considers the posited co-regency to be fictitious. Instead, the Egyptologist Wolfram Grajetzki believes it to indicate the respect Amenemhat I had for his predecessor. There are indicators of possible unrest attested to in texts from Deir el-Bersha possibly dating to the period that led to Amenemhat I's reign. There were also two other claimants – an Inyotef and a
1465:. The pyramid had a core constructed from roughly hewn limestone blocks with gaps plugged with sand, debris, and mudbrick. Curiously, the core also contained relief-decorated blocks pilfered from the monuments of the Old Kingdom. The core was then encased by fine limestone blocks. The pyramid had a base length of 84 m (276 ft; 160 cu) inclined at approximately 54°27' toward an apex either 55 m (180 ft; 105 cu) or 58 m (190 ft; 111 cu) high and had a volume of 129,360 m (4,568,000 cu ft). As a result of the poor construction manner and the use of low quality materials, coupled with the activity of grave robbers, the pyramid has now been reduced to a 20 m (66 ft) tall ruined mound. The decision to use inferior materials may have arisen from economic and practical considerations. In particular, Faiyum has abundant clay deposits which could be sourced.
1054:
1520:
mourning, the Great Gates were closed, the courtiers crouched, head on lap, and the nobles grieved. Now His
Majesty had sent an army to the land of the Tjemeh (Libyans), his eldest son as the captain thereof, the god Senusret. He had been sent to smite the foreign countries, and to take prisoner the dwellers in the Tjehnu-land, and now indeed he was returning and had carried off living prisoners of the Tjehnu and all kinds of cattle limitless. And the Companions of the Palace sent to the western side to acquaint the king's son concerning the position that had arisen in the Royal Apartments, and the messengers found him upon the road, they reached him at time of night. Not a moment did he linger, the falcon flew off with his followers, not letting his army know. But the king's children who accompanied him in this army had been sent for and one of them had been summoned. (...)
1386:
56:
1530:
1504:
that it was an attack of the bodyguard. If I had quickly taken weapons in my hand, I would have made the wretches retreat with a charge! But there is none mighty in the night, none who can fight alone; no success will come without a helper. Look, my injury happened while I was without you, when the entourage had not yet heard that I would hand over to you when I had not yet sat with you, that I might make counsels for you; for I did not plan it, I did not foresee it, and my heart had not taken thought of the negligence of servants.
1433:
1477:, as attested to by inscriptions bearing his name. There is no evidence of a cult pyramid extant, though the causeway and valley temple – which has not been investigated and is now buried under a local cemetery – have been identified. Within its perimeter wall are the grave sites of family members and officials. These include his mother, Nefret; wife, Neferitatjenen; and a daughter, Neferu; along with a vizier, Intefiqer.
966:
909:
831:
779:
316:
218:
1335:. The statuette bore the inscription 'King Senusret born to King Amenemhat and born of the king's mother Neferitatjenen'. The statuette has since been lost, stolen from the Louvre in 1830. The name 'Neferitatjenen' is not otherwise known from the Middle Kingdom leading Grajetzki to question the accuracy of the transcription, and furthermore it may refer instead to the mother of
1619:", although adding details of a lovers' triangle romance involving Amenemhat I and Sinuhe that does not appear in the original. Mahfouz also includes the pharaoh in his account of Egypt's rulers "Facing the Throne". In this work, the Nobel laureate has the Ancient Egyptian gods judge the country's rulers from Pharaoh
1290:
Amenemhat was the son of a
Senusret and a Nefret, who were not of the royal family. His mother is attested to on an offering table that was found at Amenemhat I's pyramid at El-Lisht which also provides her title 'king's mother' and likely in the 'Prophecy of Neferty' in which she is identified as a
1503:
It was after supper, when night had fallen, and I had spent an hour of happiness. I was asleep upon my bed, having become weary, and my heart had begun to follow sleep. When weapons of my counsel were wielded, I had become like a snake of the necropolis. As I came to, I awoke to fighting, and found
1568:
is presumed to have held office during the middle of
Amenemhat I's reign. He is known from his tomb TT 315 / MMA 516 at Deir el-Bahri. He held many offices and titles during his lifetime including those of treasurer, steward, and seal-bearer for the king of Lower Egypt. A further vizier datable to
1468:
Before the pyramid, on its east side, lay the mortuary temple that carried its own name independent of the pyramid. In the Old
Kingdom, mortuary complexes were given a single name. Amenemhat I broke with this tradition instead choosing to provide names for the individual components. The temple was
1519:
Year 30, third month of the
Inundation season, day 7, the god mounted to his horizon, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt Sehetepibre went aloft to heaven and became united with the sun's disk, the limb of the god being merged in him who made him; whilst the Residence was hushed, hearts were in
1484:, behind which lay the descending corridor. The pink granite lined corridor plugged with blocks leads to a square chamber with a shaft in its centre that leads to the burial chamber. This chamber has filled with ground water and has never been accessed.
1473:– and was of a smaller size compared against Old Kingdom temples. There are few remains of the temple preventing a detailed reconstruction, and only its courtyard has been properly investigated. It appears that the temple was rebuilt during the reign of
1107:, and possibly overthrew him from power. Scholars differ as to whether Mentuhotep IV was killed by Amenemhat I, but there is no independent evidence to suggest this and there may even have been a period of co-regency between their reigns.
1361:
There's some evidence that the early reign of
Amenemhat I was beset with political turmoil, as indicated by the inscriptions of Nehri, a local governor. There were some naval battles where an associate of Amenemhat I by the name of
1498:
were supposedly counsels that the deceased king gave to his son during a dream. In the passage where he warns
Senusret I against too great intimacy with his subjects, he tells the story of his own death as a reinforcement:
1508:
This passage refers to a conspiracy in which
Amenemhat was killed by his own guards, when his son and co-regent Senusret I was leading a campaign in Libya. Another account of the following events is given in the
1227:
partially preserves
Amenemhat I's praenomen in the twentieth entry of the fifth column and accords him a reign of 29 years. The line immediately above mentions the 'kings of the residence of Iti-tawy'.
1682:, and himself attributed to 'the scribes of Diospolis', but which is ultimately supposed to originate from none of these, and was instead derived from an Egyptian king list.
3286:
Schneider, Thomas (2006). "The
Relative Chronology of the Middle Kingdom and the Hyksos Period (Dyns. 12-17)". In Hornung, Erik; Krauss, Rolf; Warburton, David (eds.).
55:
1607:-winning Egyptian novelist, includes Amenemhat I in one of his stories published in 1941 entitled "Awdat Sinuhi". The story appeared in an English translation by
1420:
period, whose cultural icons and models (such as pyramidal tombs and Old Kingdom artistic motifs) were emulated by the Twelfth Dynasty kings after the end of the
1553:(CG 20516) is dated to the Year 30 of Amenemhat I and to the Year 10 of Senusret I, which establishes that Senusret was made co-regent in Amenemhat's Year 20.
6928:
3389:
Waddell, William Gillan (1964) . Page, Thomas Ethelbert; Capps, Edward; Rouse, William Henry Denham; Post, Levi Arnold; Warmington, Eric Herbert (eds.).
1138:
rulers are often considered to have been attempts at legitimizing his rule. Texts from the period mention his mother being from the Upper Egyptian nome
7017:
7007:
336:
1665:
Proposed dates for the reign of Amenemhat I: c. 1994–1964 BC, c. 1991–1962 BC, c. 1985–1956, c. 1981–1952 BC, c. 1939–1910 BC, c. 1939/1938-1908 BC.
1469:
named 'High Amenemhat's beauty'. The temple was built on a lower level than the pyramid – perhaps in reference to the terraced mortuary temple of
3441:, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Amenemhat I (see index)
3012:
Hornung, Erik; Krauss, Rolf; Warburton, David A. (2006). "The Editors: Royal Annals". In Hornung, Erik; Krauss, Rolf; Warburton, David (eds.).
2067:
2016:
1053:
7027:
721:
3127:
Krauss, Rolf; Warburton, David (2006). "Conclusions and Chronological Tables". In Hornung, Erik; Krauss, Rolf; Warburton, David (eds.).
6943:
6938:
1385:
1315:, remains unclear, although he may be identical to the vizier Amenemhat under Mentuhotep IV that is mentioned in inscriptions from
6918:
6913:
938:
930:
886:
808:
803:
757:
685:
681:
680:
679:
598:
595:
496:
492:
491:
490:
465:
404:
399:
374:
293:
289:
288:
287:
190:
185:
6923:
1424:. The cult of the king was also promoted during this period, which witnessed a steady return to a more centralized government.
935:
532:
409:
407:
195:
193:
1353:
and was the wife of Senusret I; and Neferusherit and Kayet who are named on artefacts found in Amenemhat I's pyramid complex.
6903:
3438:
3360:
3339:
3316:
3295:
3276:
3174:
3155:
3136:
3117:
3021:
3002:
2961:
2901:
2857:
1905:
943:
941:
933:
889:
806:
800:
760:
654:
596:
570:
402:
258:
188:
156:
683:
494:
291:
118:
6933:
6908:
2535:
1636:
6898:
4678:
4466:
7022:
6887:
5648:
5364:
4232:
3492:
3466:
2051:
3415:
Mahfouz, Naguib. The Return of Sinuhe in Voices from the Other World (translated by Robert Stock), Random House, 2003.
7012:
3379:
3234:
3060:
2980:
2026:
1377:
In the inscriptions by Khnumhotep, mention is also made of military campaigns against the Asiatics and the Nubians.
6953:
1480:
Beneath the pyramid, entered from the north chapel, is the substructure. The north chapel contained a red granite
6140:
1409:
850:
109:
2532:
1211:
occupies the fifty-ninth entry. It must also have occupied the same position in the king list at the temple of
6190:
5917:
5773:
3253:
2520:
2497:
1366:
was involved, and helped to procure victory. Later, Khnumhotep was appointed as an important local governor at
1331:
Amenemhat I had one presumed wife, a Neferitatjenen, who is known from a statuette of her son, presumed to be
6486:
6276:
6208:
6073:
5940:
5850:
5663:
3781:
2803:
1184:
3390:
6058:
5995:
5278:
6419:
5528:
5440:
4925:
4702:
4693:
6248:
5581:
5318:
5145:
5077:
3659:
1604:
33:
6769:
4540:
1641:
1577:
1494:
1421:
1401:
1266:
1196:
1126:
17:
4614:
4385:
4247:
2819:
1646:
1405:, though it is generally thought today that it was composed by a scribe at the behest of the king.
1176:
1110:
Amenemhat I was not of royal lineage, born to Senusret and Nefert who were possibly related to the
1089:
1529:
1492:
Two literary works dating from the end of the reign give a picture about Amenemhat I's death. The
874:
745:
6454:
6369:
6346:
4663:
4525:
4462:
4251:
4051:
3867:
1269:
instead of at the start of the Twelfth. Syncellus accords him a reign of 26 years under the name
1250:
1093:
6958:
6948:
6496:
6475:
6394:
5308:
5168:
4778:
4412:
4372:
4166:
4108:
3992:
3796:
3459:
3208:. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization. Vol. 40. Chicago, IL: The Oriental Institute.
2846:
Callender, Gae (2003). "The Middle Kingdom Renaissance (c. 2055–1650 BC)". In Shaw, Ian (ed.).
1562:
1448:
1437:
1135:
1035:
2510:
6968:
6444:
6409:
6389:
6379:
6341:
4941:
4845:
4199:
2487:
1265:(romanized Ammenemês) by both Africanus and Eusebius, though he is placed at the end of the
1142:. Many scholars in recent years have argued that Amenemhat I's mother was of Nubian origin.
7002:
6963:
6469:
6424:
5797:
5425:
5360:
5213:
5208:
4915:
4910:
4763:
4189:
3977:
3856:
3169:. Writings from the ancient world. Vol. 33. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.
2928:
2867:
8:
6459:
6434:
6399:
6336:
5711:
5686:
4890:
4885:
4309:
3740:
2744:
1120:
1099:
Amenemhat I was probably the same as the vizier named Amenemhat who led an expedition to
73:
1611:
in 2003 as "The Return of Sinuhe" in the collection of Mahfouz's short stories entitled
6749:
6736:
6313:
5323:
4895:
4870:
3937:
3712:
2061:
6804:
6783:
6677:
6644:
6356:
5691:
5313:
5193:
4815:
4743:
4401:
4204:
4194:
4126:
3452:
3396:
3375:
3356:
3350:
3335:
3327:
3312:
3291:
3272:
3264:
3249:
3230:
3209:
3170:
3151:
3132:
3113:
3105:
3092:
3075:
3056:
3017:
2998:
2976:
2957:
2949:
2916:
2897:
2891:
2853:
2516:
2493:
2047:
2022:
1911:
1901:
1454:
1069:
2492:
Volume 52 of Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. John Wiley & Sons, 2010
2002:
General History of Africa Volume II - Ancient civilizations of Africa (ed. G Moktar)
6983:
6810:
6638:
6404:
6158:
5741:
5038:
4934:
4875:
4299:
4279:
3185:
2887:
1258:
1245:. The original work is no longer extant, but has persisted through the writings of
1192:
1180:
1241:, originally composed circa the 3rd century BC, tentatively dated to the reign of
6755:
6725:
6684:
6620:
6364:
6294:
6164:
5503:
5158:
4880:
4274:
3912:
3880:
3719:
3222:
2539:
1891:
1616:
1511:
1389:
Serekh or Horus name of Amenemhat I, detail of a limestone wall-block from Koptos
1349:
1163:
1045:
4461:
3306:
2847:
6851:
6649:
6610:
6328:
6284:
6153:
5237:
5163:
4993:
4865:
4825:
4573:
4425:
4390:
4380:
4314:
4269:
4151:
4146:
3726:
3705:
3671:
2990:
2783:
Ancient Egyptian Coregencies, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization. No. 40.
1949:
1600:
1371:
1216:
994:
3430:
1915:
1347:. Three of his daughters are also known: Neferu III who is attested to in the
6996:
6530:
6429:
6261:
6231:
5907:
5762:
5619:
5488:
5328:
5303:
5253:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4840:
4647:
4578:
4568:
4430:
4184:
3932:
3875:
3828:
3665:
3624:
3400:
3248:. Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 4. Mississauga: Benben Rubl.
3213:
3096:
3079:
2920:
2813:
1608:
1581:
1546:
1470:
1316:
1312:
1274:
1204:
1146:
1104:
1100:
1085:
90:
6615:
6449:
6439:
6414:
6266:
6216:
6175:
5901:
5813:
5701:
5614:
5594:
5513:
5478:
5473:
5359:
5298:
5008:
4830:
4820:
4783:
4738:
4652:
4642:
4632:
4548:
4264:
4141:
3950:
3891:
3751:
3698:
3603:
1968:
1782:
1679:
1565:
1550:
1363:
1340:
1188:
3435:, Similarities between The Testament of Amenemhet and Machiavelli's Prince
3425:
2793:
2791:
903:
773:
642:
558:
453:
362:
246:
144:
6719:
6664:
6515:
6464:
6384:
6256:
6148:
6130:
6088:
5999:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5834:
5818:
5791:
5756:
5746:
5681:
5634:
5624:
5609:
5599:
5546:
5508:
5483:
5463:
5453:
5219:
5203:
5178:
5173:
4973:
4900:
4810:
4793:
4748:
4723:
4657:
4637:
4604:
4334:
4329:
4136:
3963:
3943:
3757:
3691:
3682:
3566:
3352:
The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments
2456:
1675:
1624:
1417:
1336:
1292:
1224:
1212:
1115:
79:
1311:
The relationship between Amenemhat I and his predecessors, particularly
6836:
6790:
6743:
6698:
6670:
6491:
6374:
6299:
6226:
6115:
5930:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5840:
5828:
5808:
5781:
5751:
5731:
5676:
5629:
5604:
5536:
5498:
5468:
5458:
5198:
4998:
4988:
4758:
4753:
4718:
4627:
4599:
4420:
4324:
4319:
4304:
4289:
4097:
4091:
4005:
3733:
3551:
3488:
2788:
1589:
1542:
1481:
1474:
1367:
1344:
1332:
1242:
1237:
1008:
1004:
100:
2829:
2074:
1537:
Amenemhat I is considered to be the first king of Egypt to have had a
1370:, and he founded a dynasty of local governors there. His grandson was
6776:
6691:
6654:
6580:
6574:
6501:
6481:
6198:
6180:
6125:
6105:
5968:
5803:
5786:
5736:
5589:
5556:
5551:
5493:
5292:
5113:
5066:
5018:
4978:
4955:
4728:
4594:
4563:
4217:
4131:
3957:
3838:
3575:
2973:
The Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt: History, Archaeology and Society
1897:
1570:
1538:
1399:
or ethical "teachings" attributed to Egyptian monarchs, entitled the
1320:
2248:
2236:
1432:
6846:
6841:
6830:
6797:
6712:
6705:
6659:
6631:
6625:
6590:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6170:
6110:
5953:
5925:
5518:
5448:
5260:
5246:
5226:
5188:
5100:
5045:
5003:
4835:
4805:
4768:
4713:
4558:
4435:
4340:
4284:
4179:
4086:
4080:
4069:
4035:
3919:
3905:
3898:
3885:
3849:
3589:
2190:
2188:
2137:
1462:
1441:
1254:
1246:
1220:
1154:
6823:
6762:
6605:
6289:
6100:
6094:
6082:
5963:
5958:
5895:
5874:
5719:
5671:
5571:
5561:
5286:
5183:
5153:
5135:
5124:
5107:
5059:
5052:
4983:
4905:
4553:
4361:
4347:
4259:
4210:
4116:
4059:
4010:
3843:
3833:
3813:
3746:
3596:
3475:
2115:
2113:
1585:
1296:
1232:
1150:
1139:
1131:
1111:
1081:
66:
3487:
2185:
2125:
6730:
6600:
6237:
6120:
5725:
5696:
5566:
5541:
5333:
5267:
5093:
5086:
5013:
4968:
4962:
4788:
4708:
4294:
4121:
4074:
4028:
4000:
3926:
3804:
3763:
3645:
3610:
3582:
2785:
p.2. The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1977.
2647:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1395:
1300:
1200:
2260:
2110:
2098:
1215:(c. 1279–1213 BC) though it has been lost in a lacuna. In the
6816:
6595:
6585:
6563:
6221:
5130:
5118:
5031:
4948:
4799:
4733:
4395:
4064:
4022:
4016:
3808:
3767:
3638:
3631:
3617:
3220:
2383:
2381:
2368:
2366:
2341:
2339:
2337:
1794:
1788:
1620:
1343:. Amenemhat I had one known son, his successor on the throne
1839:
1561:
There are few known officials from Amenemhat I's reign. The
1416:, which means renaissance or rebirth, is an allusion to the
1223:, Amenemhat I's praenomen occupies the fifteenth entry. The
1219:
from the tomb of the chief lector priest and chief of works
6568:
6558:
5948:
5823:
5024:
4354:
4174:
4156:
4041:
3823:
3818:
3652:
3444:
3032:
2577:
2303:
2301:
2299:
914:
784:
665:
581:
476:
385:
271:
169:
2468:
2446:
2444:
2405:
2378:
2363:
2351:
2334:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2161:
2149:
1710:
1700:
1698:
60:
Relief of Amenemhat I from his pyramid complex at El-Lisht
4773:
2713:
2684:
2429:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
5994:
2997:. Translated by Ian Shaw. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
2703:
2701:
2699:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2393:
2296:
2046:(Second ed.). Chichester, West Sussex. p. 99.
2441:
2313:
1806:
1695:
1273:(romanized Stammenemês I) as the thirty-second king of
1057:
Cartouche of the birth name, or nomen, of Amenemhat I (
3011:
2284:
2272:
2254:
2242:
2224:
2212:
2200:
2173:
1983:
1981:
1866:
1818:
1393:
Amenemhat I's name is associated with one of only two
355:
The one who has propitiated the mind of the Two Lands
137:
The one who has propitiated the mind of the Two Lands
3334:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 453–457.
3326:
Simpson, William Kelly (2001). "Twelfth Dynasty". In
3271:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 336–337.
3112:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 234–238.
2852:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 137–171.
2725:
2696:
2659:
2623:
2606:
2589:
2560:
2417:
2086:
2635:
1734:
1722:
1461:
meaning 'Cult places of Amenemhat's appearance') at
1261:. He is accorded a reign of 16 years under the name
3089:
Ramesside Inscriptions: Historical and Biographical
3072:
Ramesside Inscriptions: Historical and Biographical
3053:
Ramesside Inscriptions: Historical and Biographical
2956:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 68–69.
1978:
1746:
1076:meaning 'Amun is at the forefront'), also known as
3332:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 3
3269:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 2
3110:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 2
2954:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 1
2927:
2745:"Egypt: Amenemhat I, 1st King of the 12th Dynasty"
2143:
1770:
1758:
3225:; Arnold, Dieter; Yamamoto, Kumiko, eds. (2015).
1179:occupies the first entry of the third row of the
6994:
1306:
3167:The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary
3126:
2119:
2104:
1929:
1800:
1580:can be placed under this king: another Ipi and
2556:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 159
2041:
1950:"Amenemhat I Sehetibre | Ancient Egypt Online"
1118:. The composition of some literary works (the
82:but at least 30 years, in the 20th century BC.
3460:
3369:
3227:Ancient Egypt Transformed: the Middle Kingdom
3104:Kitchen, Kenneth A. (2001). "King Lists". In
2583:
1860:
1130:) and, in architecture, the reversion to the
2913:The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt
2910:
2474:
2372:
2357:
2345:
1716:
1299:. His father is attested to on a block from
27:Founding Pharaoh of twelfth dynasty of Egypt
3395:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
3246:Pharaonic King-lists, Annals, and Day-books
3467:
3453:
2772:, Oxford University Press 1961, p. 130–131
2066:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
740:The one who has propitiated the mind of Re
54:
3285:
3263:Redford, Donald B. (2001). "Manetho". In
3033:"Persons and Names of the Middle Kingdom"
2970:
2948:Franke, Detlef (2001). "Amenemhat I". In
2845:
2462:
2450:
2399:
2387:
2328:
2307:
1812:
1704:
1323:– that vied for the throne at this time.
7018:Viziers of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt
7008:Pharaohs of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
6877:
3229:. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art.
3164:
2015:Lobban, Richard A. Jr. (10 April 2021).
1893:Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture
1889:
1877:
1833:
1528:
1515:, a famous text of Egyptian literature:
1431:
1384:
1052:
3388:
3325:
3262:
3243:
3203:
3183:
3103:
3086:
3069:
3050:
2886:
2797:
2411:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2194:
2179:
2167:
2155:
2131:
2092:
1740:
1615:. The story is based directly on the "
268:
166:
36:, for other individuals with this name.
14:
6995:
6024:
5389:
4491:
3517:
3348:
3145:
2989:
2947:
2866:
2731:
2719:
2707:
2690:
2678:
2653:
2641:
2629:
2617:
2600:
2571:
2435:
2423:
2080:
2018:Historical Dictionary of Ancient Nubia
2014:
1764:
1752:
1728:
6876:
5993:
5358:
4460:
3486:
3448:
1061:), detail of a wall-block from Koptos
6529:
3372:Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen
3304:
3037:Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz
2911:Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004).
2551:
2255:Hornung, Krauss & Warburton 2006
2243:Hornung, Krauss & Warburton 2006
1776:
1637:Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree
1595:
1326:
7028:Egyptian people of Sudanese descent
3392:Manetho with an English Translation
3311:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3308:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
3290:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 168–196.
3131:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 473–498.
3030:
2849:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2825:
2809:
2554:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2512:The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt.
1303:and held the title 'god's father'.
1145:Amenemhat I moved the capital from
24:
3409:
3374:. München: Deutscher Kunstverlag.
3091:. Vol. 3. Oxford: Blackwell.
3074:. Vol. 2. Oxford: Blackwell.
3055:. Vol. 1. Oxford: Blackwell.
2533:Pharaoh: Amenemhat I (Sehetepibre)
1896:(2nd ed.). London; New York:
25:
7039:
3439:Hatshepsut: from Queen to Pharaoh
3419:
3150:. New York: Thames & Hudson.
3016:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 19–25.
1674:Syncellus attributes his list to
1231:Amenemhat I is also mentioned in
2465:, pp. 36 & 178 fn. 118.
1487:
964:
907:
829:
777:
635:The one who has repeated births
446:The one who has repeated births
314:
239:The one who has repeated births
216:
3031:Ilin-Tomich, Alexander (n.d.).
2915:. London: Thames & Hudson.
2896:. London: Thames & Hudson.
2838:
2775:
2762:
2737:
2545:
2526:
2503:
2480:
2035:
2008:
1994:
1962:
1942:
1883:
1668:
1659:
1533:The double dated stela CG 20516
1453:Amenemhat I built his pyramid (
3370:von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984).
1890:Stiebing, William H. (2016) .
1356:
13:
1:
6487:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
3190:Middle Kingdom Theban Project
2489:A Companion to Ancient Egypt.
2042:Van de Mieroop, Marc (2021).
1689:
1678:, whom himself attributed to
1592:, have also been identified.
1524:
1307:Relationship to Mentuhotep IV
1167:suggest he was assassinated.
857:
728:
539:
343:
125:
3474:
3206:Ancient Egyptian Coregencies
3184:Morales, Antonio J. (n.d.).
3165:Leprohon, Ronald J. (2013).
3087:Kitchen, Kenneth A. (1980).
3070:Kitchen, Kenneth A. (1979).
3051:Kitchen, Kenneth A. (1975).
2021:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1556:
1545:. A double dated stele from
7:
6420:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
3288:Ancient Egyptian Chronology
3244:Redford, Donald B. (1986).
3129:Ancient Egyptian Chronology
3014:Ancient Egyptian Chronology
2971:Grajetzki, Wolfram (2006).
2120:Krauss & Warburton 2006
2105:Krauss & Warburton 2006
1989:Ancient Egyptian Literature
1973:Ancient Egyptian Literature
1801:Krauss & Warburton 2006
1630:
1613:Voices from the Other World
10:
7044:
5319:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
4703:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
4467:Second Intermediate Period
2995:A History of Ancient Egypt
2044:A history of ancient Egypt
1446:
1427:
1207:, Amenemhat I's praenomen
1191:(c. 1479–1425 BC). In the
1170:
1088:and the first king of the
955:
922:
917:
878:
820:
792:
787:
749:
722:Prenomen (Praenomen)
695:
671:
668:
646:
608:
587:
584:
562:
506:
482:
479:
457:
419:
391:
388:
366:
305:
279:
274:
250:
207:
177:
172:
148:
78:29 years according to the
7023:Ancient murdered monarchs
6981:
6883:
6872:
6770:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
6514:
6460:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
6355:
6327:
6312:
6275:
6247:
6207:
6189:
6139:
6072:
6057:
6015:
6011:
5989:
5939:
5916:
5849:
5772:
5710:
5662:
5647:
5580:
5527:
5439:
5424:
5380:
5376:
5365:Third Intermediate Period
5354:
5277:
5236:
5144:
5076:
4924:
4692:
4677:
4613:
4587:
4539:
4524:
4482:
4478:
4456:
4411:
4371:
4246:
4231:
4165:
4107:
4050:
3991:
3976:
3866:
3795:
3780:
3681:
3565:
3550:
3508:
3504:
3493:First Intermediate Period
3482:
3355:. New York: Grove Press.
3349:Verner, Miroslav (2001).
3204:Murnane, William (1977).
2893:Chronicle of the Pharaohs
2656:, pp. 396 & 398.
2197:, pp. 827 & 834.
2134:, pp. 177 & 179.
1642:List of Egyptian pyramids
1495:Instructions of Amenemhat
1422:First Intermediate Period
1402:Instructions of Amenemhat
1285:
1280:
1159:Instructions of Amenemhat
1127:Instructions of Amenemhat
1041:
1031:
1023:
1015:
1000:
990:
921:
856:
849:
791:
727:
720:
670:
586:
538:
531:
481:
390:
342:
335:
278:
176:
124:
117:
106:
96:
86:
72:
65:
53:
48:
43:
7013:20th-century BC pharaohs
6482:Cleopatra VII Philopator
4739:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
3497: (<3150–2040 BC)
2475:Dodson & Hilton 2004
2373:Dodson & Hilton 2004
2358:Dodson & Hilton 2004
2346:Dodson & Hilton 2004
1937:History of Ancient Egypt
1717:Dodson & Hilton 2004
1652:
1647:List of megalithic sites
1134:-style complexes of the
869:Amun is at the forefront
6455:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
6370:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
4664:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
3305:Shaw, Ian, ed. (2003).
2800:, Tomb of Ipi (TT 315).
2552:Shaw, Ian, ed. (2000),
2515:Random House LLC, 2011
2269:, pp. 63 & 64.
2144:The British Museum n.d.
2083:, Chambre des Ancêtres.
1380:
6497:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
6476:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
6470:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
6425:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
6395:Arsinoe III Philopator
5309:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
4779:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
4719:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
4310:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
3186:"Tomb of Ipi (TT 315)"
2868:"Chambre des Ancêtres"
2004:. UNESCO. p. 152.
1534:
1522:
1506:
1449:Pyramid of Amenemhat I
1444:
1438:pyramid of Amenemhat I
1390:
1103:under his predecessor
1062:
6445:Ptolemy X Alexander I
6410:Ptolemy VI Philometor
6390:Ptolemy IV Philopator
6385:Berenice II Euergetes
6380:Ptolemy III Euergetes
6342:Philip III Arrhidaeus
4851:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
4846:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
4200:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
3148:The Complete Pyramids
3146:Lehner, Mark (2008).
2975:. London: Duckworth.
2770:Egypt of the Pharaohs
1789:Oppenheim et al. 2015
1584:. Two high stewards,
1532:
1517:
1501:
1435:
1388:
1203:(c. 1290–1279 BC) in
1056:
1011:, Neferusherit, Kayet
6878:Dynastic genealogies
6502:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
5798:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
5712:High Priests of Amun
5214:Merankhre Mentuhotep
4916:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
4911:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
4764:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
4471: (2040–1550 BC)
4190:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
2781:Murnane, William J.
6400:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
6337:Alexander the Great
5369: (1550–664 BC)
4891:Mershepsesre Ini II
4886:Merkawre Sobekhotep
4280:Neferkare IV Khendu
2768:Sir Alan Gardiner,
2722:, pp. 397–398.
2693:, pp. 168–169.
2486:Alan B. Lloyd, ed.
2438:, pp. 158–159.
2414:, pp. 227–228.
2170:, pp. 479–481.
2158:, pp. 539–541.
1121:Prophecy of Neferti
1036:Pyramid at el-Lisht
6737:Trebonianus Gallus
5324:Senakhtenre Ahmose
4942:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
4896:Sewahenre Senebmiu
4871:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
4300:Neferkare V Tereru
4270:Neferkare III Neby
3938:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
3328:Redford, Donald B.
3265:Redford, Donald B.
3221:Oppenheim, Adela;
3106:Redford, Donald B.
2950:Redford, Donald B.
2933:The British Museum
2584:von Beckerath 1984
2538:2016-08-30 at the
1861:von Beckerath 1984
1535:
1445:
1391:
1153:and was buried in
1063:
6990:
6989:
6977:
6976:
6868:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6860:
6859:
6784:Claudius Gothicus
6678:Severus Alexander
6645:Septimius Severus
6510:
6509:
6308:
6307:
6053:
6052:
5985:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5977:
5976:
5692:Osorkon the Elder
5643:
5642:
5420:
5419:
5350:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5314:Nubkheperre Intef
5194:Sekhemre Shedwast
4816:Sehetepkare Intef
4744:Semenkare Nebnuni
4673:
4672:
4520:
4519:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4227:
4226:
4205:Netjerkare Siptah
4127:Neferirkare Kakai
3972:
3971:
3776:
3775:
3546:
3545:
3426:Ancient-Egypt.org
3362:978-0-8021-1703-8
3341:978-0-19-510234-5
3318:978-0-19-815034-3
3297:978-90-04-11385-5
3278:978-0-19-510234-5
3176:978-1-58983-736-2
3157:978-0-500-28547-3
3138:978-90-04-11385-5
3119:978-0-19-510234-5
3023:978-90-04-11385-5
3004:978-0-631-19396-8
2963:978-0-19-510234-5
2903:978-0-500-05074-3
2888:Clayton, Peter A.
2859:978-0-19-815034-3
2749:www.touregypt.net
2390:, pp. 28–29.
1907:978-0-321-42297-2
1596:Modern adaptation
1459:Swt-ḫꜥu Ỉmn-m-hꜣt
1339:whose father was
1327:Wife and children
1051:
1050:
984:
983:
980:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
959:
958:
951:
950:
947:
946:
898:
897:
894:
893:
845:
844:
841:
840:
837:
836:
824:
823:
816:
815:
812:
811:
768:
767:
764:
763:
716:
715:
711:
710:
707:
706:
699:
698:
693:
692:
689:
688:
662:
661:
658:
657:
624:
623:
620:
619:
612:
611:
606:
605:
602:
601:
578:
577:
574:
573:
527:
526:
522:
521:
518:
517:
510:
509:
504:
503:
500:
499:
473:
472:
469:
468:
435:
434:
431:
430:
423:
422:
417:
416:
413:
412:
382:
381:
378:
377:
331:
330:
326:
325:
322:
321:
309:
308:
301:
300:
297:
296:
266:
265:
262:
261:
228:
227:
224:
223:
211:
210:
203:
202:
199:
198:
164:
163:
160:
159:
16:(Redirected from
7035:
6984:List of pharaohs
6874:
6873:
6639:Pescennius Niger
6527:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6435:Ptolemy IX Soter
6405:Cleopatra I Syra
6325:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6070:
6069:
6066:
6065:
6022:
6021:
6013:
6012:
6006:
6005:
5991:
5990:
5742:Djedkhonsuefankh
5660:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5437:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5407:
5402:
5387:
5386:
5378:
5377:
5371:
5370:
5356:
5355:
4949:Qareh Khawoserre
4935:Yakbim Sekhaenre
4876:Mersekhemre Ined
4690:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4537:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4489:
4488:
4480:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4458:
4457:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4239:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3563:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3515:
3514:
3506:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3484:
3483:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3446:
3445:
3404:
3385:
3366:
3345:
3322:
3301:
3282:
3259:
3240:
3223:Arnold, Dorothea
3217:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3180:
3161:
3142:
3123:
3100:
3083:
3066:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3027:
3008:
2986:
2967:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2924:
2907:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2863:
2833:
2823:
2817:
2814:Bull, JEA 10, 15
2807:
2801:
2795:
2786:
2779:
2773:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2639:
2633:
2627:
2621:
2615:
2604:
2598:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2558:
2557:
2549:
2543:
2530:
2524:
2509:Toby Wilkinson,
2507:
2501:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2376:
2370:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2332:
2326:
2311:
2305:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2108:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2057:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1985:
1976:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1946:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1864:
1858:
1837:
1831:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1683:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1455:Ancient Egyptian
1267:Eleventh Dynasty
1259:George Syncellus
1193:Abydos king list
1181:Karnak King List
1070:Ancient Egyptian
968:
967:
927:
926:
923:
915:
911:
910:
904:
883:
882:
879:
875:
858:
833:
832:
797:
796:
793:
785:
781:
780:
774:
754:
753:
750:
746:
729:
676:
675:
672:
666:
651:
650:
647:
643:
639:
638:
592:
591:
588:
582:
567:
566:
563:
559:
555:
554:
540:
487:
486:
483:
477:
462:
461:
458:
454:
450:
449:
396:
395:
392:
386:
371:
370:
367:
363:
359:
358:
344:
318:
317:
284:
283:
280:
272:
255:
254:
251:
247:
243:
242:
220:
219:
182:
181:
178:
170:
153:
152:
149:
145:
141:
140:
126:
115:
114:
58:
41:
40:
21:
7043:
7042:
7038:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7033:
7032:
6993:
6992:
6991:
6986:
6973:
6879:
6856:
6756:Macrianus Minor
6685:Maximinus Thrax
6621:Marcus Aurelius
6520:
6519:
6518:
6506:
6365:Ptolemy I Soter
6351:
6318:
6317:
6316:
6304:
6271:
6243:
6203:
6185:
6165:Psammetichus IV
6135:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6049:
6027:
6018:
6007:
6004:(664 BC–313 AD)
6003:
6002:
5973:
5935:
5912:
5908:Menkheperre Ini
5845:
5768:
5706:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5639:
5576:
5523:
5504:Neferneferuaten
5430:
5429:
5428:
5416:
5415:
5405:
5400:
5399:Pharaohs
5392:
5383:
5372:
5368:
5367:
5338:
5273:
5232:
5159:Sobekhotep VIII
5140:
5072:
4920:
4881:Sewadjkare Hori
4683:
4682:
4681:
4669:
4609:
4583:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4516:
4494:
4485:
4474:
4470:
4469:
4440:
4407:
4367:
4275:Djedkare Shemai
4237:
4236:
4235:
4223:
4161:
4103:
4046:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3968:
3862:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3772:
3677:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3542:
3520:
3511:
3500:
3496:
3495:
3478:
3473:
3422:
3412:
3410:Further reading
3407:
3382:
3363:
3342:
3319:
3298:
3279:
3256:
3237:
3194:
3192:
3177:
3158:
3139:
3120:
3063:
3041:
3039:
3024:
3005:
2991:Grimal, Nicolas
2983:
2964:
2938:
2936:
2904:
2877:
2875:
2860:
2841:
2836:
2824:
2820:
2808:
2804:
2796:
2789:
2780:
2776:
2767:
2763:
2753:
2751:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2730:
2726:
2718:
2714:
2706:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2677:
2660:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2636:
2628:
2624:
2616:
2607:
2599:
2590:
2582:
2578:
2570:
2561:
2550:
2546:
2540:Wayback Machine
2531:
2527:
2508:
2504:
2485:
2481:
2473:
2469:
2461:
2457:
2449:
2442:
2434:
2430:
2422:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2364:
2356:
2352:
2344:
2335:
2327:
2314:
2306:
2297:
2293:, pp. 213.
2289:
2285:
2277:
2273:
2265:
2261:
2253:
2249:
2241:
2237:
2229:
2225:
2217:
2213:
2205:
2201:
2193:
2186:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2130:
2126:
2118:
2111:
2103:
2099:
2091:
2087:
2079:
2075:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2013:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1986:
1979:
1967:
1963:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1908:
1900:. p. 156.
1888:
1884:
1876:
1867:
1859:
1840:
1832:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1799:
1795:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1739:
1735:
1727:
1723:
1715:
1711:
1703:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1633:
1617:Story of Sinuhe
1598:
1559:
1549:and now in the
1527:
1512:Story of Sinuhe
1490:
1451:
1430:
1383:
1359:
1350:Story of Sinuhe
1329:
1309:
1291:woman from the
1288:
1283:
1173:
1164:Story of Sinuhe
1090:Twelfth Dynasty
1060:
1046:Twelfth Dynasty
986:
985:
965:
942:
934:
908:
890:
868:
864:
830:
807:
778:
739:
735:
712:
684:
682:
636:
634:
630:
626:
625:
597:
552:
550:
546:
523:
495:
493:
447:
445:
441:
437:
436:
408:
403:
356:
354:
352:Sehetep-ib-tawy
350:
327:
315:
292:
290:
240:
238:
234:
230:
229:
217:
194:
189:
138:
136:
134:Sehetep-ib-tawy
132:
112:
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7041:
7031:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
6988:
6987:
6982:
6979:
6978:
6975:
6974:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6893:
6890:
6884:
6881:
6880:
6870:
6869:
6866:
6865:
6862:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6855:
6854:
6852:Maximinus Daza
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6827:
6820:
6813:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6787:
6780:
6773:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6716:
6709:
6702:
6695:
6688:
6681:
6674:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6635:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6611:Antoninus Pius
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6535:
6533:
6524:
6521:(30 BC–313 AD)
6512:
6511:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6361:
6359:
6353:
6352:
6350:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6333:
6331:
6322:
6310:
6309:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6285:Artaxerxes III
6281:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6270:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6253:
6251:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6241:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6213:
6211:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6201:
6195:
6193:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6161:
6156:
6154:Petubastis III
6151:
6145:
6143:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6091:
6086:
6078:
6076:
6067:
6055:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6047:
6042:
6041:
6040:
6037:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6019:
6016:
6009:
6008:
5987:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5945:
5943:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5933:
5928:
5922:
5920:
5914:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5905:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5855:
5853:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5843:
5838:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5778:
5776:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5722:
5716:
5714:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5668:
5666:
5657:
5649:3 Intermediate
5645:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5586:
5584:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5533:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5445:
5443:
5434:
5431:(1550–1070 BC)
5422:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5384:
5381:
5374:
5373:
5352:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5344:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5289:
5283:
5281:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5271:
5264:
5257:
5250:
5242:
5240:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5223:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5164:Neferhotep III
5161:
5156:
5150:
5148:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5082:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5028:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4994:Sewadjkare III
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4963:Maaibre Sheshi
4959:
4956:'Ammu Ahotepre
4952:
4945:
4938:
4930:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4866:Merhotepre Ini
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4826:Sobekhotep III
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4698:
4696:
4687:
4684:(1802–1550 BC)
4679:2 Intermediate
4675:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4619:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4574:Mentuhotep III
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4545:
4543:
4534:
4531:(2040–1802 BC)
4526:Middle Kingdom
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4476:
4475:
4463:Middle Kingdom
4454:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4426:Neferkare VIII
4423:
4417:
4415:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4398:
4393:
4391:Nebkaure Khety
4388:
4383:
4381:Meryibre Khety
4377:
4375:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4315:Neferkamin Anu
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4241:
4238:(2181–2040 BC)
4233:1 Intermediate
4229:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4171:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4152:Djedkare Isesi
4149:
4147:Menkauhor Kaiu
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4113:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4020:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3997:
3995:
3986:
3983:(2686–2181 BC)
3974:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3872:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3790:
3787:(3150–2686 BC)
3782:Early Dynastic
3778:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3761:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3687:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3668:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3571:
3569:
3560:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3502:
3501:
3480:
3479:
3472:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3449:
3443:
3442:
3436:
3428:
3421:
3420:External links
3418:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3386:
3380:
3367:
3361:
3346:
3340:
3323:
3317:
3302:
3296:
3283:
3277:
3260:
3254:
3241:
3235:
3218:
3201:
3181:
3175:
3162:
3156:
3143:
3137:
3124:
3118:
3101:
3084:
3067:
3061:
3048:
3028:
3022:
3009:
3003:
2987:
2981:
2968:
2962:
2945:
2925:
2908:
2902:
2884:
2864:
2858:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2818:
2802:
2787:
2774:
2761:
2736:
2734:, p. 167.
2724:
2712:
2710:, p. 169.
2695:
2683:
2681:, p. 398.
2658:
2646:
2634:
2632:, p. 465.
2622:
2620:, p. 397.
2605:
2603:, p. 168.
2588:
2576:
2574:, p. 396.
2559:
2544:
2525:
2502:
2479:
2467:
2463:Grajetzki 2006
2455:
2451:Grajetzki 2006
2440:
2428:
2426:, p. 158.
2416:
2404:
2402:, p. 145.
2400:Callender 2003
2392:
2388:Grajetzki 2006
2377:
2362:
2350:
2333:
2329:Grajetzki 2006
2312:
2310:, p. 146.
2308:Callender 2003
2295:
2283:
2281:, p. 223.
2271:
2259:
2247:
2235:
2233:, p. 336.
2223:
2221:, p. vii.
2211:
2209:, p. 453.
2199:
2184:
2182:, p. 237.
2172:
2160:
2148:
2136:
2124:
2122:, p. 493.
2109:
2107:, p. 492.
2097:
2085:
2073:
2053:978-1119620877
2052:
2034:
2027:
2007:
1993:
1987:M. Lichtheim,
1977:
1961:
1941:
1928:
1906:
1882:
1865:
1863:, p. 197.
1838:
1817:
1813:Grajetzki 2006
1805:
1803:, p. 491.
1793:
1791:, p. xix.
1781:
1779:, p. 483.
1769:
1757:
1745:
1733:
1731:, p. 391.
1721:
1719:, p. 288.
1709:
1707:, p. 174.
1705:Schneider 2006
1693:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1667:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1632:
1629:
1601:Naguib Mahfouz
1597:
1594:
1558:
1555:
1541:with his son,
1526:
1523:
1489:
1486:
1447:Main article:
1429:
1426:
1408:Amenemhat I's
1382:
1379:
1372:Khnumhotep III
1358:
1355:
1328:
1325:
1308:
1305:
1293:Upper Egyptian
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1217:Saqqara Tablet
1175:Amenemhat I's
1172:
1169:
1094:Middle Kingdom
1058:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1002:
998:
997:
995:Neferitatjenen
992:
988:
987:
982:
981:
978:
977:
974:
973:
970:
969:
962:
960:
957:
956:
953:
952:
949:
948:
945:
944:
939:
936:
931:
919:
918:
912:
901:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
887:
871:
870:
854:
853:
847:
846:
843:
842:
839:
838:
835:
834:
827:
825:
822:
821:
818:
817:
814:
813:
810:
809:
804:
801:
789:
788:
782:
771:
769:
766:
765:
762:
761:
758:
742:
741:
725:
724:
718:
717:
714:
713:
709:
708:
705:
704:
702:
700:
697:
696:
694:
691:
690:
687:
686:
669:
663:
660:
659:
656:
655:
637:
622:
621:
618:
617:
615:
613:
610:
609:
607:
604:
603:
600:
599:
585:
579:
576:
575:
572:
571:
553:
536:
535:
529:
528:
525:
524:
520:
519:
516:
515:
513:
511:
508:
507:
505:
502:
501:
498:
497:
480:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
448:
433:
432:
429:
428:
426:
424:
421:
420:
418:
415:
414:
411:
410:
405:
400:
389:
383:
380:
379:
376:
375:
357:
340:
339:
333:
332:
329:
328:
324:
323:
320:
319:
312:
310:
307:
306:
303:
302:
299:
298:
295:
294:
276:
275:
269:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
241:
226:
225:
222:
221:
214:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
197:
196:
191:
186:
174:
173:
167:
165:
162:
161:
158:
157:
139:
122:
121:
113:
110:Royal titulary
108:
107:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
76:
70:
69:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7040:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
7000:
6998:
6985:
6980:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6885:
6882:
6875:
6871:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6832:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6821:
6819:
6818:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6806:
6802:
6800:
6799:
6795:
6793:
6792:
6788:
6786:
6785:
6781:
6779:
6778:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6767:
6765:
6764:
6760:
6758:
6757:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6745:
6741:
6739:
6738:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6721:
6717:
6715:
6714:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6703:
6701:
6700:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6689:
6687:
6686:
6682:
6680:
6679:
6675:
6673:
6672:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6636:
6634:
6633:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6576:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6525:
6517:
6513:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6430:Cleopatra III
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6362:
6360:
6358:
6354:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6330:
6326:
6323:
6315:
6311:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6246:
6240:
6239:
6235:
6233:
6232:Nepherites II
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6210:
6206:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6194:
6192:
6188:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6142:
6138:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6060:
6056:
6046:
6043:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6023:
6020:
6014:
6010:
6001:
5997:
5992:
5988:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5942:
5938:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5919:
5915:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5854:
5852:
5848:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5799:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5771:
5765:
5764:
5763:Psusennes III
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5727:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5713:
5709:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5665:
5661:
5658:
5654:(1069–664 BC)
5650:
5646:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5620:Ramesses VIII
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5583:
5579:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5489:Amenhotep III
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5427:
5423:
5412:
5409:
5404:
5398:
5397:
5394:
5388:
5385:
5379:
5375:
5366:
5362:
5357:
5353:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5329:Seqenenre Tao
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5304:Sobekemsaf II
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5276:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5256:
5255:
5254:Wepwawetemsaf
5251:
5249:
5248:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5235:
5229:
5228:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5147:
5143:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5091:
5089:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5043:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4861:Merneferre Ay
4859:
4857:
4856:Wahibre Ibiau
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4841:Sobekhotep IV
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4695:
4691:
4688:
4680:
4676:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4648:Amenemhat III
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4580:
4579:Mentuhotep IV
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4569:Mentuhotep II
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4527:
4523:
4513:
4510:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4481:
4477:
4468:
4464:
4459:
4455:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4431:Wahkare Khety
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4386:Neferkare VII
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4219:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3979:
3975:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3933:Seth-Peribsen
3931:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3876:Hotepsekhemwy
3874:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3783:
3779:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3666:Double Falcon
3664:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3557:(pre-3150 BC)
3553:
3552:Protodynastic
3549:
3539:
3536:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3507:
3503:
3494:
3490:
3489:Protodynastic
3485:
3481:
3477:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3414:
3413:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3393:
3387:
3383:
3381:9783422008328
3377:
3373:
3368:
3364:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3347:
3343:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3310:
3309:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3236:9781588395641
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3191:
3187:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3134:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3062:0-903563-08-8
3058:
3054:
3049:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3025:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2982:0-7156-3435-6
2978:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2851:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2831:
2830:Person PD 146
2827:
2822:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2799:
2794:
2792:
2784:
2778:
2771:
2765:
2750:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2728:
2721:
2716:
2709:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2692:
2687:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2655:
2650:
2644:, p. 17.
2643:
2638:
2631:
2626:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2602:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2586:, p. 65.
2585:
2580:
2573:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2555:
2548:
2542:euler.slu.edu
2541:
2537:
2534:
2529:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2483:
2477:, p. 92.
2476:
2471:
2464:
2459:
2453:, p. 36.
2452:
2447:
2445:
2437:
2432:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2408:
2401:
2396:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2375:, p. 90.
2374:
2369:
2367:
2360:, p. 98.
2359:
2354:
2348:, p. 97.
2347:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2331:, p. 29.
2330:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2292:
2287:
2280:
2275:
2268:
2263:
2257:, p. 35.
2256:
2251:
2245:, p. 34.
2244:
2239:
2232:
2227:
2220:
2215:
2208:
2203:
2196:
2191:
2189:
2181:
2176:
2169:
2164:
2157:
2152:
2145:
2140:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2116:
2114:
2106:
2101:
2095:, p. 34.
2094:
2089:
2082:
2077:
2069:
2063:
2055:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2030:
2028:9781538133392
2024:
2020:
2019:
2011:
2003:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1951:
1945:
1938:
1932:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1886:
1880:, p. 58.
1879:
1878:Leprohon 2013
1874:
1872:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1836:, p. 57.
1835:
1834:Leprohon 2013
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1815:, p. 28.
1814:
1809:
1802:
1797:
1790:
1785:
1778:
1773:
1766:
1761:
1755:, p. 68.
1754:
1749:
1743:, p. 78.
1742:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1718:
1713:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1694:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1662:
1658:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1623:to President
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:Raymond Stock
1606:
1602:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1582:Rehuerdjersen
1579:
1574:
1572:
1569:the reign is
1567:
1564:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1488:Assassination
1485:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1471:Mentuhotep II
1466:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1387:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1317:Wadi Hammamat
1314:
1313:Mentuhotep IV
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1271:Σταμμενέμης ά
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:Sehetep-ib-re
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1185:Festival Hall
1182:
1178:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1105:Mentuhotep IV
1102:
1101:Wadi Hammamat
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:ancient Egypt
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1055:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
993:
989:
963:
961:
954:
940:
937:
932:
929:
928:
925:
924:
920:
916:
913:
906:
905:
902:
900:
888:
885:
884:
881:
880:
877:
876:
873:
872:
867:
863:
860:
859:
855:
852:
848:
828:
826:
819:
805:
802:
799:
798:
795:
794:
790:
786:
783:
776:
775:
772:
770:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
748:
747:
744:
743:
738:
737:Sehetep-ib-re
734:
731:
730:
726:
723:
719:
703:
701:
678:
677:
674:
673:
667:
664:
653:
652:
649:
648:
645:
644:
641:
640:
633:
629:
616:
614:
594:
593:
590:
589:
583:
580:
569:
568:
565:
564:
561:
560:
557:
556:
549:
545:
542:
541:
537:
534:
530:
514:
512:
489:
488:
485:
484:
478:
475:
464:
463:
460:
459:
456:
455:
452:
451:
444:
440:
427:
425:
406:
401:
398:
397:
394:
393:
387:
384:
373:
372:
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
353:
349:
346:
345:
341:
338:
334:
313:
311:
304:
286:
285:
282:
281:
277:
273:
270:
257:
256:
253:
252:
249:
248:
245:
244:
237:
233:
215:
213:
206:
192:
187:
184:
183:
180:
179:
175:
171:
168:
155:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:
143:
142:
135:
131:
128:
127:
123:
120:
116:
111:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
91:Mentuhotep IV
89:
85:
81:
77:
75:
71:
68:
64:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
35:
30:
29:
19:
6829:
6822:
6815:
6803:
6796:
6789:
6782:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6742:
6735:
6718:
6711:
6704:
6697:
6690:
6683:
6676:
6669:
6637:
6630:
6616:Lucius Verus
6573:
6474:
6450:Berenice III
6440:Cleopatra IV
6415:Cleopatra II
6347:Alexander IV
6267:Nectanebo II
6236:
6217:Nepherites I
6176:Artaxerxes I
6163:
6093:
6081:
6064:(664–332 BC)
6044:
6000:Roman Period
5902:Shoshenq VII
5900:
5873:
5833:
5814:Shoshenq III
5796:
5761:
5724:
5702:Psusennes II
5615:Ramesses VII
5595:Ramesses III
5479:Amenhotep II
5474:Thutmose III
5410:
5299:Sobekemsaf I
5291:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5225:
5218:
5123:
5106:
5101:'Aper-'Anati
5099:
5092:
5085:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5037:
5030:
5023:
5009:Sekheperenre
4961:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4831:Neferhotep I
4821:Seth Meribre
4798:
4784:Djedkheperew
4701:
4662:
4653:Amenemhat IV
4643:Senusret III
4633:Amenemhat II
4622:
4549:Mentuhotep I
4511:
4400:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4339:
4265:Neferkare II
4216:
4209:
4142:Nyuserre Ini
4096:
4079:
4034:
4027:
4015:
3956:
3951:Neferkasokar
3949:
3942:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3855:
3848:
3756:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3699:Finger Snail
3697:
3690:
3670:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3537:
3431:
3391:
3371:
3351:
3331:
3307:
3287:
3268:
3245:
3226:
3205:
3193:. Retrieved
3189:
3166:
3147:
3128:
3109:
3088:
3071:
3052:
3040:. Retrieved
3036:
3013:
2994:
2972:
2953:
2937:. Retrieved
2932:
2912:
2892:
2876:. Retrieved
2871:
2848:
2839:Bibliography
2821:
2805:
2798:Morales n.d.
2782:
2777:
2769:
2764:
2752:. Retrieved
2748:
2739:
2727:
2715:
2686:
2649:
2637:
2625:
2579:
2553:
2547:
2528:
2511:
2505:
2488:
2482:
2470:
2458:
2431:
2419:
2412:Murnane 1977
2407:
2395:
2353:
2291:Waddell 1964
2286:
2279:Waddell 1964
2274:
2267:Waddell 1964
2262:
2250:
2238:
2231:Redford 2001
2226:
2219:Waddell 1964
2214:
2207:Simpson 2001
2202:
2195:Kitchen 1979
2180:Kitchen 2001
2175:
2168:Kitchen 1980
2163:
2156:Kitchen 1979
2151:
2139:
2132:Kitchen 1975
2127:
2100:
2093:Redford 1986
2088:
2076:
2043:
2037:
2017:
2010:
2001:
1996:
1991:, 1973 p.135
1988:
1975:, 1973 p.139
1972:
1969:M. Lichtheim
1964:
1953:. Retrieved
1944:
1936:
1935:E. Hornung,
1931:
1919:. Retrieved
1892:
1885:
1808:
1796:
1784:
1772:
1767:, p. 8.
1760:
1748:
1741:Clayton 1994
1736:
1724:
1712:
1680:Eratosthenes
1670:
1661:
1612:
1599:
1575:
1560:
1551:Cairo Museum
1536:
1518:
1510:
1507:
1502:
1493:
1491:
1479:
1467:
1458:
1452:
1413:
1407:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1376:
1364:Khnumhotep I
1360:
1348:
1341:Amenemhat II
1330:
1310:
1289:
1270:
1262:
1236:
1230:
1208:
1189:Thutmose III
1174:
1162:
1158:
1144:
1125:
1119:
1109:
1098:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1064:
1059:𓇋𓏠𓈖𓅓𓄂𓏏
865:
861:
736:
732:
631:
627:
547:
543:
533:Golden Horus
442:
438:
351:
348:sḥtp–ỉb-tꜣwy
347:
235:
231:
133:
130:sḥtp–ỉb-tꜣwy
129:
31:
7003:Amenemhat I
6720:Gordian III
6665:Diadumenian
6465:Cleopatra V
6319:(332–30 BC)
6314:Hellenistic
6257:Nectanebo I
6149:Cambyses II
6131:Psamtik III
6089:Tefnakht II
5891:Takelot III
5886:Osorkon III
5881:Shoshenq VI
5835:Pedubast II
5819:Shoshenq IV
5792:Shoshenq II
5757:Pinedjem II
5747:Menkheperre
5682:Psusennes I
5635:Ramesses XI
5625:Ramesses IX
5610:Ramesses VI
5600:Ramesses IV
5547:Ramesses II
5509:Tutankhamun
5484:Thutmose IV
5464:Thutmose II
5454:Amenhotep I
5426:New Kingdom
5361:New Kingdom
5220:Senusret IV
5204:Dedumose II
5179:Nebiriau II
5174:Nebiryraw I
5169:Mentuhotepi
4974:Khakherewre
4901:Merkheperre
4811:Imyremeshaw
4794:Sedjefakare
4749:Sehetepibre
4724:Ameny Qemau
4658:Sobekneferu
4638:Senusret II
4623:Amenemhat I
4605:Iyibkhentre
4335:Neferirkare
4330:Neferkauhor
4137:Shepseskare
3978:Old Kingdom
3964:Khasekhemwy
3944:Neferkara I
3913:Weneg-Nebty
3758:Scorpion II
2732:Lehner 2008
2720:Verner 2001
2708:Lehner 2008
2691:Lehner 2008
2679:Verner 2001
2654:Verner 2001
2642:Lehner 2008
2630:Verner 2001
2618:Verner 2001
2601:Lehner 2008
2572:Verner 2001
2436:Grimal 1992
2424:Grimal 1992
2081:Louvre n.d.
1939:, 1999 p.50
1765:Lehner 2008
1753:Franke 2001
1729:Grimal 1992
1676:Apollodorus
1625:Anwar Sadat
1605:Nobel Prize
1436:The ruined
1418:Old Kingdom
1357:Early reign
1337:Senusret II
1225:Turin Canon
1213:Ramesses II
1157:. Both the
1136:6th dynasty
1116:Elephantine
1078:Amenemhet I
1066:Amenemhat I
866:Imen-em-hat
632:Wehem-mesut
551:The uniter
443:Wehem-mesut
236:Wehem-mesut
87:Predecessor
80:Turin Canon
49:Ammenemes I
44:Amenemhat I
6997:Categories
6837:Diocletian
6791:Quintillus
6744:Aemilianus
6699:Gordian II
6671:Elagabalus
6492:Arsinoe IV
6375:Arsinoe II
6300:Darius III
6227:Psammuthes
6116:Psamtik II
5931:Bakenranef
5869:Pedubast I
5864:Takelot II
5859:Harsiese A
5841:Osorkon IV
5829:Shoshenq V
5809:Osorkon II
5782:Shoshenq I
5752:Smendes II
5732:Pinedjem I
5677:Amenemnisu
5630:Ramesses X
5605:Ramesses V
5557:Amenmesses
5537:Ramesses I
5499:Smenkhkare
5469:Hatshepsut
5459:Thutmose I
5209:Montuemsaf
5199:Dedumose I
4999:Nebdjefare
4989:Merdjefare
4759:Nedjemibre
4754:Sewadjkare
4628:Senusret I
4600:Qakare Ini
4421:Meryhathor
4325:Neferkaure
4320:Qakare Iby
4305:Neferkahor
4290:Neferkamin
4098:Thamphthis
4092:Shepseskaf
4006:Sekhemkhet
3857:Horus Bird
3734:Scorpion I
3255:0920168078
2521:0679604294
2498:1444320068
1955:2020-10-13
1916:1004426779
1690:References
1590:Sobeknakht
1578:treasurers
1543:Senusret I
1525:Succession
1482:false door
1475:Senusret I
1410:Horus name
1368:Beni Hasan
1345:Senusret I
1333:Senusret I
1243:Ptolemy II
1238:Aegyptiaca
1197:the temple
1114:family of
1112:nomarchial
1009:Neferu III
1005:Senusret I
733:sḥtp–ỉb–rꜥ
337:Nebty name
119:Horus name
101:Senusret I
6969:Ptolemaic
6777:Gallienus
6692:Gordian I
6655:Caracalla
6581:Vespasian
6575:Vitellius
6357:Ptolemaic
6199:Amyrtaeus
6181:Darius II
6126:Ahmose II
6106:Psamtik I
6045:uncertain
6033:Pharaohs
5969:Tanutamun
5804:Takelot I
5787:Osorkon I
5737:Masaharta
5687:Amenemope
5590:Setnakhte
5552:Merneptah
5494:Akhenaten
5411:uncertain
5293:Nebmaatre
5114:Sakir-Har
5067:Yaqub-Har
4979:Nebefawre
4729:Hotepibre
4595:Segerseni
4564:Intef III
4512:uncertain
4500:Pharaohs
4132:Neferefre
3958:Hudjefa I
3839:Semerkhet
3576:Hedju Hor
3538:uncertain
3526:Pharaohs
3432:Amenemhet
3401:610359927
3214:462126791
3097:254744548
3080:258591788
2939:20 August
2921:602048312
2878:20 August
2062:cite book
1898:Routledge
1777:Shaw 2003
1571:Intefiqer
1557:Officials
1539:coregency
1414:Wehemmesu
1321:Sergeseni
1263:Άμμενέμης
1251:Africanus
1183:from the
1177:praenomen
1074:Ỉmn-m-ḥꜣt
862:ỉmn-m-ḥꜣt
97:Successor
34:Amenemhat
18:Ammenemes
6929:21 to 23
6847:Galerius
6842:Maximian
6831:Numerian
6798:Aurelian
6750:Valerian
6713:Balbinus
6706:Pupienus
6660:Macrinus
6632:Pertinax
6626:Commodus
6591:Domitian
6554:Claudius
6549:Caligula
6544:Tiberius
6539:Augustus
6159:Darius I
6111:Necho II
5954:Shebitku
5926:Tefnakht
5519:Horemheb
5449:Ahmose I
5261:Pantjeny
5247:Senebkay
5227:Pepi III
5189:Bebiankh
5046:Shenshek
5004:Nebsenre
4836:Sihathor
4806:Khendjer
4769:Renseneb
4714:Nerikare
4559:Intef II
4436:Merykare
4341:Wadjkare
4285:Merenhor
4180:Userkare
4087:Menkaure
4081:Bikheris
4070:Djedefre
4036:Qahedjet
3920:Wadjenes
3906:Horus Sa
3899:Nubnefer
3886:Nynetjer
3850:Sneferka
3590:Ni-Neith
3476:Pharaohs
3195:July 12,
3042:July 12,
2993:(1992).
2890:(1994).
2826:JGU 2022
2810:JGU 2022
2754:10 April
2536:Archived
2146:, EA117.
1921:June 21,
1631:See also
1463:El-Lisht
1295:nome of
1255:Eusebius
1247:Josephus
1221:Tjuneroy
1161:and the
1155:el-Lisht
1080:, was a
1019:Senusret
1001:Children
628:wḥm-mswt
439:wḥm-mswt
232:wḥm-mswt
6824:Carinus
6805:Tacitus
6763:Quietus
6606:Hadrian
6290:Khabash
6121:Wahibre
6101:Necho I
6095:Nekauba
6083:Ammeris
6026:Dynasty
5964:Taharqa
5959:Shabaka
5896:Rudamun
5875:Iuput I
5720:Herihor
5672:Smendes
5572:Twosret
5562:Seti II
5406:female)
5391:Dynasty
5287:Rahotep
5184:Semenre
5154:Djehuti
5136:Khamudi
5125:Yanassi
5108:Salitis
5060:Yakareb
5053:Khamure
4984:Sehebre
4906:Merkare
4554:Intef I
4493:Dynasty
4402:Imhotep
4362:Iytjenu
4348:Khuiqer
4260:Menkare
4211:Neferka
4195:Pepi II
4117:Userkaf
4011:Sanakht
3834:Anedjib
3814:Hor-Aha
3747:Iry-Hor
3741:Shendjw
3713:Pen-Abu
3597:Hat-Hor
3519:Dynasty
3330:(ed.).
3267:(ed.).
3108:(ed.).
2952:(ed.).
2929:"EA117"
1586:Meketre
1428:Pyramid
1297:Ta-Seti
1233:Manetho
1171:Sources
1151:Itjtawy
1140:Ta-Seti
1132:pyramid
1092:of the
1082:pharaoh
1042:Dynasty
1027:Neferet
991:Consort
67:Pharaoh
6964:Argead
6811:Probus
6731:Decius
6726:Philip
6601:Trajan
6329:Argead
6238:Muthis
6191:XXVIII
6171:Xerxes
6039:female
6017:Period
5726:Piankh
5697:Siamun
5567:Siptah
5542:Seti I
5382:Period
5334:Kamose
5268:Snaaib
5238:Abydos
5094:Semqen
5087:Sharek
5039:Sheneh
5019:'Apepi
5014:Bebnum
4969:Nehesy
4789:Sebkay
4709:Sonbef
4506:female
4484:Period
4295:Nikare
4185:Pepi I
4122:Sahure
4075:Khafre
4060:Snefru
4029:Sedjes
4001:Djoser
3927:Senedj
3805:Narmer
3764:Narmer
3646:Wazner
3611:Hsekiu
3583:Ny-Hor
3532:female
3510:Period
3399:
3378:
3359:
3338:
3315:
3294:
3275:
3252:
3233:
3212:
3173:
3154:
3135:
3116:
3095:
3078:
3059:
3020:
3001:
2979:
2960:
2919:
2900:
2872:Louvre
2856:
2519:
2496:
2050:
2025:
1914:
1904:
1603:, the
1563:vizier
1547:Abydos
1396:sebayt
1301:Karnak
1286:Origin
1281:Family
1275:Thebes
1257:, and
1205:Abydos
1201:Seti I
1147:Thebes
1124:, the
1032:Burial
1024:Mother
1016:Father
6817:Carus
6596:Nerva
6586:Titus
6564:Galba
6531:XXXIV
6516:Roman
6295:Arses
6222:Hakor
6141:XXVII
5851:XXIII
5441:XVIII
5401:(male
5131:Apepi
5119:Khyan
5032:Wazad
4800:Wegaf
4734:Iufni
4588:Nubia
4396:Setut
4218:Nefer
4065:Khufu
4023:Khaba
4017:Nebka
3881:Nebra
3809:Menes
3768:Menes
3720:Stork
3683:Upper
3639:Neheb
3632:Thesh
3618:Khayu
3567:Lower
2935:. n.d
2874:. n.d
2523:p.143
1653:Notes
1442:Lisht
1195:from
851:Nomen
74:Reign
6650:Geta
6569:Otho
6559:Nero
6277:XXXI
6262:Teos
6209:XXIX
6074:XXVI
6059:Late
6036:male
5996:Late
5949:Piye
5918:XXIV
5824:Pami
5774:XXII
5363:and
5279:XVII
5025:Nuya
4694:XIII
4503:male
4465:and
4355:Khui
4252:VIII
4175:Teti
4157:Unas
4042:Huni
3844:Qa'a
3824:Djet
3819:Djer
3727:Bull
3706:Fish
3672:Wash
3653:Mekh
3529:male
3397:OCLC
3376:ISBN
3357:ISBN
3336:ISBN
3313:ISBN
3292:ISBN
3273:ISBN
3250:ISBN
3231:ISBN
3210:OCLC
3197:2022
3171:ISBN
3152:ISBN
3133:ISBN
3114:ISBN
3093:OCLC
3076:OCLC
3057:ISBN
3044:2022
3018:ISBN
2999:ISBN
2977:ISBN
2958:ISBN
2941:2021
2917:OCLC
2898:ISBN
2880:2021
2854:ISBN
2756:2018
2517:ISBN
2500:p.88
2494:ISBN
2068:link
2048:ISBN
2023:ISBN
1923:2020
1912:OCLC
1902:ISBN
1621:Mena
1588:and
1576:Two
1381:Name
548:Sema
32:See
6249:XXX
5998:to
5941:XXV
5664:XXI
5529:XIX
5146:XVI
4926:XIV
4774:Hor
4615:XII
4248:VII
3993:III
3829:Den
3625:Tiu
3491:to
1566:Ipi
1440:at
1235:'s
1199:of
1187:of
1149:to
1084:of
544:smꜣ
6999::
6959:31
6954:30
6949:27
6944:26
6939:25
6934:24
6924:20
6919:19
6914:18
6909:12
6904:11
5582:XX
5514:Ay
5078:XV
4541:XI
4373:IX
4167:VI
4052:IV
3892:Ba
3868:II
3807:/
3766:/
3752:Ka
3604:Pu
3188:.
3035:.
2931:.
2870:.
2828:,
2812:,
2790:^
2747:.
2698:^
2661:^
2608:^
2591:^
2562:^
2443:^
2380:^
2365:^
2336:^
2315:^
2298:^
2187:^
2112:^
2064:}}
2060:{{
1980:^
1971:,
1910:.
1868:^
1841:^
1820:^
1697:^
1627:.
1573:.
1457::
1412:,
1374:.
1277:.
1253:,
1249:,
1096:.
1072::
1007:,
6899:4
6895:3
6892:2
6888:1
4413:X
4250:/
4109:V
3797:I
3692:A
3660:A
3468:e
3461:t
3454:v
3403:.
3384:.
3365:.
3344:.
3321:.
3300:.
3281:.
3258:.
3239:.
3216:.
3199:.
3179:.
3160:.
3141:.
3122:.
3099:.
3082:.
3065:.
3046:.
3026:.
3007:.
2985:.
2966:.
2943:.
2923:.
2906:.
2882:.
2862:.
2832:.
2816:.
2758:.
2070:)
2056:.
2031:.
1958:.
1925:.
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