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school only offered education up to the 5th grade level, was underfunded, and lacked many basic resources. Furthermore, the
District trustees had previously agreed to allow Indian students to attend the school if their parents voted for a measure that would fund the construction of the school. Although the measure passed, the board of trustees did not honor their agreement.
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As a local resident recalled, "It was an exciting morning when the request was made, all the mothers and fathers of children of school age, Indian and white, were on the street to hear the answer of the district trustees. When the request was denied, the
Indians immediately took court action pressing
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hero who championed equal educational opportunities for Native
Americans, opening the door for equal access to education for all children regardless of race. Says Ada Wardle Robinson, the Inyo County Superintendent who held the office years after the Piper case decision had been handed down, "And as
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In 2009, the Big Pine Paiute Tribe and Big Pine
Unified School District agreed to commemorate Piper's victory with a statue placed in front of the school in her honor. The statue was dedicated on June 2, 2014, on the 90th anniversary of Alice Piper's victory in front of the school steps on the same
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Alice Piper along with six other Indian children sued the district for the right to attend. Piper sued on the grounds that her 14th
Amendment rights had been violated knowing full well that she was not receiving the same education that the newly built public school afforded. The local Indian day
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petitioned to attend the newly built Big Pine High School in 1923 and was denied entry due to her race. At that time, California educational law prohibited Native
American children from attending a public school if a separate government run Indian school was established within three miles of the
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each year as both eighth grade and high school students graduate, we are reminded that the development of our youthful citizens is not confined to the white race and we are thankful to those
Indians who years ago insisted that their children be given an equal chance."
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Piper's court victory became a turning point in the struggle for Native
American education and ended the practice of sending Indian children who qualified for public school to separate government-run Indian day schools.
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ground in which the board of trustees had denied Alice Piper the right to attend in 1923. This date also marks the day in 1924 that president Grover
Cleveland signed the
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their case in the name of Alice Piper, a beautiful, intelligent, Indian girl." The
California Supreme Court unanimously ruled in her favor in the case
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121:(1924), thus opening the door for herself and other Native American children to attend public schools in the state of California.
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Piper v. Big Pine School District of Inyo County: Indigenous Schooling and Resistance in the Early Twentieth Century
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240:"Out Of Print : All Deliberate Speed : Charles M. Wollenberg - University of California Press"
172:, which declared all Indians, regardless of membership in a tribe, citizens of the United States.
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219:"scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3936&context=californialawreview"
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Alice Piper, (~age 15) standing in front of the Paiute Community Center, c. early 1920s
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As of 2014, 56% of the students who attend Big Pine high school are Native American.
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For the fictional character in the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street, see
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278:"Native Girl Who Challenged Educational Boundaries to Be Honored - ICTMN.com"
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324:"Community comes together to support Alice Piper project"
280:. Indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com. Archived from
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350:"Long Awaited Honor Comes to Big Pine Schools"
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150:(1954) ruling that ended the practice of
98:(Nüümü) woman, who as a girl residing in
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421:Native American people from California
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133:Big Pine Indian Camp Community Center
94:(7 June 1908 – 22 August 1985) was a
426:People from Inyo County, California
352:. The Inyo Register. Archived from
326:. The Inyo Register. Archived from
276:+ auElement.html() + (2014-02-13).
196:. The Inyo Register. Archived from
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416:20th-century Native American women
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441:American civil rights activists
266:Inyo Independent. May 10, 1946.
157:Alice Piper stands as an early
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221:. scholarship.law.berkeley.edu
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406:20th-century Native Americans
348:James, Charles (2014-06-06).
242:. Ucpress.edu. Archived from
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436:20th-century American people
396:American education activists
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431:20th-century American women
148:Brown v. Board of Education
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322:Murphy, Deb (2014-03-07).
192:Murphy, Deb (2014-02-14).
85:Early US civil rights hero
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411:Activists from California
401:Native American activists
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301:Blalock-Moore, Nicole.
194:"Honoring Alice Piper"
169:Indian Citizenship Act
154:in the United States.
146:as a precedent in the
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144:Chief Justice Warren
142:was later cited by
308:2014-05-31 at the
152:segregated schools
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140:Piper v. Big Pine
118:Piper v. Big Pine
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159:civil rights
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65:(1985-08-22)
18:Alison Piper
386:1985 deaths
381:1908 births
92:Alice Piper
72:Citizenship
27:Alice Piper
375:Categories
360:2014-06-12
334:2014-05-23
288:2014-05-19
250:2014-05-23
225:2014-05-31
204:2014-05-23
179:References
104:California
51:1908-09-07
306:Archived
100:Big Pine
125:Legacy
96:Paiute
76:Paiute
60:Died
45:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
