356:, Alfonso was attacked by hired killers and stabbed in the head, right arm, and leg. When the assassins attempted to take Alfonso with them, his own guards put them to flight. The prince was residing in the palace of Santa Maria in Portico, but so desperate was his condition that he was taken to the chamber of the Borgia Tower where he was cared for by his doctors from Naples, his sister, Sancha, and his wife, Lucrezia. On the night of 18 August, as Alfonso was still recovering from his wounds,
345:
207:(also known as "Lippus Brandolinus" because of his blindness). From an early age Alfonso was involved in the crisis that hit the Aragonese dynasty of Naples. In 1495, during the French occupation, his father fled and later died in Sicily. Alfonso, aged 14, fought for the return to the throne of his half-brother
43:
364:
In the political context of a French campaign against Naples, Cesare Borgia was primarily accused of being behind the assassination. However, Alfonso's death remains shrouded in mystery. In his own defence, Cesare argued that
Alfonso had attempted to kill him with a crossbow shot as he walked in the
373:
too, and it seems possible that the Orsini could have engineered the attempt on his life in July 1500. Among the accused was also
Alfonso's uncle Giovan Maria Gazzera, mysteriously killed in Rome shortly after, and even Pope Alexander VI, because Alfonso, in May 1500, showed his discontent with the
305:. Alfonso sensed betrayal when France planned to invade Naples and on 2 August 1499 left Rome without his wife, who was six months pregnant. His flight incensed the Pope who sent troops after him but failed to find him. Meanwhile, Lucrezia was awarded the governorship of
290:, "the youthful Alfonso was fair and amiable", "the most handsome young man ever seen in the Imperial city." By all evidence, Lucrezia was genuinely fond of him. In February 1499, Lucrezia reportedly lost her first baby with Alfonso. However, she was soon pregnant again.
360:
and a group of armed men entered his room and strangled him in his bed until he was dead. Following his death, his body was carried to the
Basilica of St Peter and there placed in the Chapel of the Virgin Mary of the Fever.
271:, legitimate daughter of the newly crowned King Frederick IV of Naples, but Carlotta would not agree to marry him. To appease the Pope, King Frederick eventually consented to a match between the Pope's daughter
708:
313:, meaning that Alfonso was a consort without formal responsibilities. Eventually Alfonso was discovered through the letters he was sending to his wife in an attempt to persuade her to join him in
286:. It was part of the agreement that they would remain in Rome for at least one year and not be forced to live permanently at the Kingdom of Naples until her father's death. According to
282:
on 21 July with the celebrations being held behind closed doors. With
Alfonso came the princely cities of Salerno, Quadrata and Bisceglie. Lucrezia brought with her a dowry of 40,000
688:
898:
204:
913:
321:. They then returned to the Vatican in September 1499. On the night of 31 October/1 November, Lucrezia gave birth to their son, who was christened
203:
Alfonso received a thorough education in the humanities. His first tutor was
Giuniano Maio who was then followed by the Florentine poet
811:
389:. Lucrezia was obliged to simulate the appearance of a virgin spouse in order to marry d'Este. Accordingly, she was forced to leave
211:, who became king of Naples in 1495 but died one year later. In 1497, with the restoration of the Aragonese control under his uncle
873:
903:
672:
918:
883:
386:
799:
773:
702:
641:
297:
looked to align with France, enemy of
Alfonso's family. To this end he arranged a marriage between Cesare Borgia and
888:
506:
593:
868:
521:
348:
Lucrezia Borgia (left) with
Rodrigo (on the right next to her) and Alfonso of Aragon (to the very right), 1500
545:
483:
878:
534:
353:
393:, her only child by Alfonso of Aragon, behind forever. Rodrigo Borgia of Aragon died of a disease in
694:
379:
633:
317:. With this discovery her family ordered her to lure Alfonso to Rome. Lucrezia met her husband in
893:
466:
344:
908:
212:
208:
192:
188:
176:
136:
619:
550:
287:
863:
858:
278:
On 15 July 1498 Alfonso entered Rome in disguise. Alfonso and
Lucrezia were married in the
180:
146:
8:
815:
427:
302:
298:
268:
623:
765:
540:
529:
498:
432:
375:
357:
216:
795:
769:
698:
668:
637:
471:
390:
294:
244:
240:
172:
124:
119:
61:
33:
444:
256:
759:
338:
272:
252:
248:
184:
156:
99:
684:
629:
439:
406:
366:
352:
On the evening of 15 July 1500, at the top of the steps before the entrance to
260:
215:, Alfonso was assigned to the first position of responsibility and became the
852:
461:
370:
335:"Since Don Alfonso refused to die of his wounds, he was strangled in his bed"
264:
451:
279:
77:
48:
733:
720:
421:
365:
garden, but not many believed him. Alfonso, given his sympathy for the
42:
761:
The
Monstrous Regiment of Women: Female Rulers in Early Modern Europe
314:
168:
29:
475:
488:
310:
306:
220:
131:
510:
374:
Pope's decision to nullify the marriage between
Alfonso's aunt
233:"He was the most beautiful youth that I have ever seen in Rome"
283:
690:
Lucrezia Borgia Life Love and Death in the Renaissance Italy
394:
318:
73:
492:
385:Two years later Lucrezia was given in marriage to
275:, aged 18, and the 17-year-old Alfonso of Aragon.
575:. London: George Weidenfeld and Nicolson Limited.
850:
263:in 1494. Alexander VI's idea was for his son
259:was already given to the Pope's youngest son
899:Illegitimate children of Neapolitan monarchs
191:, abdicated in favour of his legitimate son
657:
655:
653:
588:
586:
584:
582:
41:
836:
683:
661:
570:
343:
914:People assassinated in the 15th century
788:
650:
579:
851:
841:. Geoffrey Parker Editor. p. 182.
804:
757:
71:18 August 1500 (aged 18–19)
758:Jansen, Sharon L. (18 October 2002).
711:from the original on 16 December 2013
618:
293:As the political situation changed,
16:Duke of Bisceglie, Prince of Salerno
13:
369:, had enemies at Rome amongst the
14:
930:
573:Cesare Borgia: His Life and Times
239:In order to strengthen ties with
167:(1481 – 18 August 1500), Duke of
830:
247:arranged marriages between the
108:
874:15th-century Neapolitan people
782:
751:
726:
677:
612:
564:
179:, was the illegitimate son of
1:
904:15th-century Italian nobility
594:"Alfonso d'Aragona Biography"
557:
400:
198:
187:. His father, cousin of King
47:Alfonso of Aragon (age 7) by
495:Series, England-Italy, 1981)
7:
919:Husbands of Lucrezia Borgia
884:Assassinated Italian people
226:
10:
935:
839:At the Court of the Borgia
837:Burchard, Johann (1963).
328:
181:Alfonso II King of Naples
152:
142:
130:
118:
93:
88:Santa Maria della Febbre?
83:
67:
55:
40:
26:
21:
793:. Rome: Salerno Editore.
695:Penguin Publishing Group
662:Bradford, Sarah (2005).
625:A History Of The Borgias
571:Bradford, Sarah (1976).
527:Alejandro Albarracín in
380:Vladislaus II of Hungary
251:and the royal family of
889:Deaths by strangulation
812:"The murder of Alfonso"
507:National Theatre Ballet
235:– The chronicler Talini
789:Cloulas, Ivan (1989).
620:Corvo, Frederick Baron
349:
342:
237:
213:Frederick IV of Naples
193:Ferdinand II of Naples
189:Ferdinand II of Aragon
598:Treccani Encyclopedia
537:Series, France, 2011)
347:
332:
230:
516:Giorgio Marchesi in
448:(Film, France, 1953)
354:St. Peter's Basilica
147:Alfonso II of Naples
869:House of Trastámara
687:(1 November 2005).
666:. Milan: Mondadori.
458:(Film, Italy, 1974)
303:John III of Navarre
299:Charlotte of Albret
255:. Alfonso's sister
205:Raffaele Brandolini
177:House of Trastámara
22:Alfonso De Colabria
879:Princes of Salerno
766:Palgrave Macmillan
541:Sebastian de Souza
520:(Film by director
499:Alexander Katsapov
433:Bride of Vengeance
420:(Film by director
397:at the age of 12.
376:Beatrice of Naples
358:Micheletto Corella
350:
325:after her father.
269:Carlotta of Naples
217:Lieutenant general
738:Royalwomen Tripod
734:"Lucrezia Borgia"
673:978-88-04-51245-5
553:Series, US, 2013)
522:Antonio Hernández
391:Rodrigo of Aragon
301:, sister of King
295:Pope Alexander VI
245:Pope Alexander VI
183:and his mistress
173:Prince of Salerno
165:Alfonso of Aragon
162:
161:
125:Rodrigo of Aragon
62:Kingdom of Naples
34:Prince of Salerno
926:
843:
842:
834:
828:
827:
825:
823:
814:. Archived from
808:
802:
794:
786:
780:
779:
755:
749:
748:
746:
744:
730:
724:
723:
718:
716:
681:
675:
667:
659:
648:
647:
616:
610:
609:
607:
605:
590:
577:
576:
568:
481:Ryan Michael in
456:Lucrezia Giovane
436:(Film, US, 1949)
413:(Film, US, 1922)
387:Alfonso I d'Este
257:Sancha of Aragon
112:
110:
45:
19:
18:
934:
933:
929:
928:
927:
925:
924:
923:
849:
848:
847:
846:
835:
831:
821:
819:
810:
809:
805:
787:
783:
776:
768:. p. 311.
756:
752:
742:
740:
732:
731:
727:
714:
712:
705:
685:Bradford, Sarah
682:
678:
664:Lucrezia Borgia
660:
651:
644:
617:
613:
603:
601:
592:
591:
580:
569:
565:
560:
503:Lucrezia Borgia
467:Lucrezia Borgia
424:, France, 1935)
411:Lucrezia Borgia
403:
331:
273:Lucrezia Borgia
249:House of Borgia
229:
201:
185:Trogia Gazzella
157:Trogia Gazzella
114:
111: 1498)
106:
102:
100:Lucrezia Borgia
89:
72:
60:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
932:
922:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
894:Dukes in Italy
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
845:
844:
829:
803:
781:
774:
750:
725:
703:
697:. p. 46.
676:
649:
642:
630:Modern Library
611:
578:
562:
561:
559:
556:
555:
554:
538:
525:
524:, Spain, 2006)
514:
505:(Opera at the
496:
479:
459:
449:
445:Lucrèce Borgia
440:Massimo Serato
437:
425:
418:Lucrèce Borgia
416:Max Michel in
414:
407:Alfons Fryland
402:
399:
367:Colonna family
330:
327:
261:Gioffre Borgia
228:
225:
200:
197:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
128:
127:
122:
116:
115:
104:
98:
97:
95:
91:
90:
87:
85:
81:
80:
69:
65:
64:
57:
53:
52:
46:
38:
37:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
931:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
909:Sons of kings
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
856:
854:
840:
833:
818:on 2005-01-04
817:
813:
807:
801:
800:88-8402-009-3
797:
792:
785:
777:
775:9780312213411
771:
767:
763:
762:
754:
739:
735:
729:
722:
710:
706:
704:9780143035954
700:
696:
692:
691:
686:
680:
674:
670:
665:
658:
656:
654:
645:
643:0-8371-8274-3
639:
635:
631:
627:
626:
621:
615:
599:
595:
589:
587:
585:
583:
574:
567:
563:
552:
548:
547:
542:
539:
536:
532:
531:
526:
523:
519:
515:
512:
508:
504:
500:
497:
494:
490:
486:
485:
480:
477:
473:
469:
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463:
462:Robert Allman
460:
457:
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316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
265:Cesare Borgia
262:
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246:
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224:
222:
218:
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196:
194:
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96:
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79:
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70:
66:
63:
58:
54:
50:
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39:
36:
35:
31:
25:
20:
838:
832:
820:. Retrieved
816:the original
806:
790:
784:
760:
753:
741:. Retrieved
737:
728:
719:– via
713:. Retrieved
689:
679:
663:
624:
614:
602:. Retrieved
600:(in Italian)
597:
572:
566:
544:
528:
517:
502:
501:(dancer) in
482:
465:
464:(singer) in
455:
452:Fred Robsahm
443:
431:
417:
410:
384:
363:
351:
334:
333:
322:
292:
277:
238:
232:
231:
202:
164:
163:
78:Papal States
49:Pinturicchio
27:
864:1500 deaths
859:1481 births
721:Scribd Inc.
715:8 September
546:The Borgias
484:The Borgias
428:John Sutton
288:Gregorovius
853:Categories
632:. p.
558:References
518:Los Borgia
470:(Opera by
422:Abel Gance
401:Portrayals
199:Early life
137:Trastámara
472:Donizetti
315:Genazzano
267:to marry
209:Ferdinand
169:Bisceglie
30:Bisceglie
709:Archived
628:. Rome:
622:(1931).
551:Showtime
476:La Scala
339:Burchard
227:Marriage
28:Duke of
743:27 June
513:, 2003)
489:BBC Two
478:, 1977)
323:Rodrigo
311:Foligno
307:Spoleto
280:Vatican
221:Abruzzo
175:of the
113:
105:
822:12 Jun
798:
791:Borgia
772:
701:
671:
640:
535:Canal+
530:Borgia
511:Prague
371:Orsini
329:Murder
284:ducats
253:Aragon
241:Naples
153:Mother
143:Father
94:Spouse
84:Burial
604:4 Nov
132:House
120:Issue
107:(
103:
824:2012
796:ISBN
770:ISBN
745:2019
717:2017
699:ISBN
669:ISBN
638:ISBN
606:2012
491:and
395:Bari
378:and
319:Nepi
309:and
171:and
74:Rome
68:Died
59:1481
56:Born
634:189
543:in
493:RAI
454:in
442:in
430:in
409:in
219:of
855::
764:.
736:.
707:.
693:.
652:^
636:.
596:.
581:^
509:,
474:,
382:.
337:–
243:,
223:.
195:.
109:m.
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826:.
778:.
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646:.
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487:(
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