486:
the same result. In 884 Mohamed I and
Alfonso III signed a peace, since both began to have serious internal problems. The great king was met with a rising led by his brothers Fruela, Odoario and Bermudo, who became strong in Astorga, supported by several counts, but were quickly defeated and executed. In 901 the Umayyad rebel Ibn al-Qitt proclaimed Mahdi, preached holy war and attacked Zamora - "rebuilt and repopulated by Mozarabic Toledo the most important advanced square of the Asturian kingdom" - which he was able to resist. The messianic leader, abandoned by his own, was defeated and killed in battle on what is known as the
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478:Órbigo. Alfonso, hoping to prevent the union of both armies, went out to meet the second, which he defeated in the battle of Polvoraria, at the confluence of the Órbigo and Esla rivers. Al-Mundir then withdrew, but Alfonso III intercepted him in the valley of Valdemora, where he defeated him. Mohamed was forced to pay ransom and sign a three-year truce, the first time that Córdoba had asked for peace.
133:
490:. In those years, the emirate of Cordoba, wracked by civil disorder, stopped disturbing the kingdom of Asturias. Alonso faced off against his former allies in Mérida and the Ebro valley: allied with the Count of Pallars, he instigated a coup that managed to defeat the Banu Qasi and install a Navarrese, Sancho Garcés I, on the throne of Pamplona.
470:
inhabitants of
Coimbra and Oporto, Gutiérrez' Christian troops occupied and repopulated other cities, such as Braga, Viseo and Lamego, with men taken from Galicia. Coimbra, Lamego and Viseo were conquered again after 987 by Almanzor and it was not until 1064 when Coimbra was finally reconquered by King Ferdinand I of León.
485:
As revenge, Mohamed attacked the kingdom of
Zaragoza in 882, where Alfonso had sent his son Ordoño to be educated with the Banu Qasi, sons of Musa, advancing through the ancient Roman road to Leon. There was an exchange of prisoners and the Cordovans withdrew. They repeated the campaign in 883 with
469:
in 868 conquered Porto and resettled the district. In 878, the army of King
Alfonso III, with Count Hermenegildo Gutiérrez in command, faced the Muslim forces led by the emir of Cordoba, Mohammad I, who had started an attack against Porto. After defeating the emir's forces and expelling the Muslim
459:
A messenger arrived from Álava, announcing that their hearts had inflated against the king: hearing that, the monarch decided to march there. Driven by the fear of their arrival, they quickly recognized their obligations and supplicants, lowered their heads before him and promised that they would
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and Ramiro) conspired against him, under the influence of García's father-in-law. Alfonso had García imprisoned but the conspirators were able to free him and he fled to Boiges. However, Alfonso later convinced García to join him in a campaign against the Moors. Alfonso died in Zamora of natural
477:
Abd al-Rahman ibn Marwan, the
Galician, Lord of Mérida and rebel against the Emir of Córdoba, sent him to ingratiate himself with him to the Minister of this, Hashim ibn Abd al-Aziz. Accordingly, in 878, Al-Mundir directed his armies back to Leon and Astorga, while Salid ben Ganim reached the
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with Oviedo as his capital. These lands would be reunited when García died childless and León passed to Ordoño, while on Ordoño's death the lands were reunited under Fruela. However, Fruela's death the next year started a series of internal struggles that led to unstable succession for over a
473:
Alfonso III had to face the offensive of the
Umayyad prince al-Mundir, son of Mohamed I. Fighting occurred almost constantly between 875 and 883. The first Umayyad raids were aimed at León and El Bierzo, but failed. The Christian counteroffensive ended with the taking of Deza and Atienza.
481:
Both kings considered the truce as a pause while preparing for the next assault: Mohamed raised a fleet to attack
Galicia, but it was destroyed by a storm. Alfonso and Ibn Marwan descended through the Tagus Valley and defeated the Cordovan army on Mount Oxifer, next to the Guadiana River.
561:, which is included in the current flag of Asturias, and has become a symbol of the Principality. The Cross was made by goldsmiths from the Frankish kingdom. He ordered its manufacture around 908, as a donation to the Cathedral of San Salvador. Today it is kept in the Holy Chamber of the
454:
The following year, 867, Alfonso had to attend to an uprising in the eastern part of the kingdom, in Alava, according to the
Chronicle of Albeda. According to the Chronicle of Sampiro, the revolt was led by Count Eylo. Sampiro describes these events as follows:
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His father, Ordoño, had begun the resettlement of the border territories and
Alfonso continued with it. His first successes were in Portuguese lands, where King Alfonso's troops succeeded in locating the southwestern frontier on the Mondego river. Count
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remain faithful to his kingdom and authority, and that they would do what was commanded. In this way he submitted to his power an Alava lying before him, and Eylo, who presented himself as his count, brought him to Oviedo loaded with iron.
66:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
535:
likewise tells of an uprising, but says that
Alfonso himself was imprisoned. Following his death, the kingdom was divided among his sons: his eldest son, García, became king of León; the second son, Ordoño, reigned in
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The discovery of the sepulcher of Santiago made Compostela the second apostolic seat after Rome, with authority over clerics from other Christian counties. Santiago became a destination for pilgrims.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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He ordered the writing of three chronicles in which he remakes history, presenting the kingdom of Asturias as the heir of the Visigothic kingdom:
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He ordered the writing of three chronicles which held the theory that the kingdom of Asturias was the rightful successor of the old
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With respect to the Asturian art, Alfonso's reign saw the post-Tramuntana stage of Asturian pre-Romanesque architecture, such as
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Alfonso's reign was notable for his comparative success in consolidating the kingdom during the weakness of the
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The Chronicle of Alfonso III and Its Significance for the Historiography of the Asturian Kingdom 718-910
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España Sagrada. Memorias de los insignes monasterios de San Julián de Samos, y San Vicente de Monforte.
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kingdom. Alfonso was also a patron of the arts, like his grandfather before him. He built the
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During the first year of his reign, he had to contend with a usurper, Count
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In 909, Alfonso moved the seat of his government to Oviedo. According to
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in 868 and 878 respectively. In about 869, he formed an alliance with the
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showing Alfonso III flanked by his queen, Jimena (left), and his bishop,
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723:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 734.
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rebellion in 867 and, much later, a Galician one as well. He conquered
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
501:. According to a letter of disputed authenticity dated to 906, the
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El Condado de Castilla (711-1038). La historia frente a la leyenda
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from 866 until his death. He was the son and successor of
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Early Medieval Spain : Unity in Diversity, 400-1000
376:. In later sources, he is the earliest to be called "
753:(in Spanish). Valladolid: Junta de Castilla y León.
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a machine-translated version of the Spanish article.
768:McDaniel, David (2010). "Alfonso III of Asturias".
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46:Click for important translation instructions.
33:expand this article with text translated from
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772:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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818:(in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia.
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749:Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (2005).
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107:Knowledge:Translation
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301:Ordoño I of Asturias
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1087:Astur-Leonese house
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360:), was the king of
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1321:Ferdinand V
1225:Alfonso VII
1192:Ferdinand I
1165:Bermudo III
1095:Alfonso III
1019:Alfonso III
526:, Gonzalo,
396:princes of
339:Alfonso III
177:Predecessor
142: 1118
137:Miniature (
126:Alfonso III
42:(June 2012)
1374:910 deaths
1363:Categories
1317:Isabella I
1269:Alfonso XI
1235:Alfonso IX
1202:Alfonso VI
1155:Bermudo II
1150:Ramiro III
1130:Ordoño III
1120:Alfonso IV
992:Alfonso II
982:Mauregatus
702:References
620: 911
610: 883
600: 881
533:Ibn Hayyan
495:Visigothic
346: 848
231: 848
37:in Spanish
1348:Charles I
1302:Henry III
1259:Sancho IV
1254:Alfonso X
1197:Sancho II
1160:Alfonso V
1140:Ordoño IV
1125:Ramiro II
1110:Fruela II
1105:Ordoño II
1024:Fruela II
987:Bermudo I
962:Alfonso I
898:Ordoño II
884:New title
857:Fruela II
545:century.
350:the Great
325:Signature
200:Ordoño II
191:Fruela II
187:Successor
150:Gomelo II
100:talk page
1330:Philip I
1312:Henry IV
1292:Henry II
1145:Sancho I
1135:Sancho I
1100:García I
1075:Monarchs
1007:Ordoño I
1002:Ramiro I
997:Nepotian
972:Aurelius
967:Fruela I
952:Pelagius
941:Asturias
937:Monarchs
876:García I
870:866–910
851:866–910
840:Ordoño I
807:50404104
542:Asturias
374:Ordoño I
370:Asturias
358:el Magno
315:Religion
209:García I
195:Asturias
181:Ordoño I
163:Asturias
152:(right).
76:provide
1307:John II
549:Culture
538:Galicia
516:Sampiro
432:Coimbra
413:Castile
398:Córdoba
394:Umayyad
366:Galicia
354:Spanish
286:Dynasty
257:Consort
204:Galicia
98:to the
80:in the
39:.
1328:&
1326:Joanna
1319:&
1297:John I
1242:&
1240:Sancha
1207:Urraca
1013:Fruela
957:Favila
805:
795:
776:
757:
738:
528:Fruela
524:Ordoño
520:García
424:Basque
417:Oviedo
307:Mother
297:Father
245:Burial
1274:Peter
1244:Dulce
631:Notes
428:Porto
266:Issue
169:Reign
60:DeepL
1079:León
977:Silo
803:OCLC
793:ISBN
774:ISBN
755:ISBN
736:ISBN
430:and
388:Life
368:and
362:León
310:Nuña
237:Died
224:Born
213:León
159:King
74:must
72:You
53:View
1077:of
939:of
384:).
161:of
62:or
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801:.
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681:,
622:).
617:c.
612:).
607:c.
602:).
597:c.
579:,
522:,
511:.
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364:,
356::
343:c.
228:c.
139:c.
1067:e
1060:t
1053:v
929:e
922:t
915:v
809:.
782:.
763:.
744:.
657:.
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352:(
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215:)
211:(
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193:(
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102:.
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