1520:
1568:
1556:
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246:
A method to increase pilot resistance to airsickness consists of repetitive exposure to the flying conditions that initially resulted in airsickness. In other words, repeated exposure to the flight environment decreases an individual's susceptibility to subsequent airsickness. The
855:
840:
1037:
81:
is particularly important in the maintenance of balance and equilibrium because it contains sensors for both angular (rotational) and linear motion. Airsickness is usually a combination of
187:
Choosing seats with the smoothest ride in regards to pitch (the seats over the wings in an airplane). This may not be sufficient for sensitive individuals who need to see ground movement.
74:. Whereas commercial airline passengers may simply feel poorly, the effect of airsickness on military aircrew may lead to a decrement in performance and adversely affect the mission.
898:
344:
267:
also uses a similar spinning chair and psychologic relaxation techniques which yields an 82% long-term success rate, over a 10-day training period.
270:
Several devices have been introduced that are intended to reduce motion sickness through stimulation of various body parts (usually the wrist).
891:
557:
1742:
1606:
184:
Choosing a window seat with a view of the Earth's surface or of lower clouds, such that motion can be detected and visually observed.
884:
1057:
190:
Sitting facing forward while focusing on distant objects rather than trying to read or look at something inside the airplane.
1747:
1374:
1062:
463:
Weinstein SE, Stern RM (October 1997). "Comparison of marezine and dramamine in preventing symptoms of motion sickness".
1167:
50:
which is induced by air travel and is considered a normal response in healthy individuals. Airsickness occurs when the
789:
648:
Bertolucci LE, DiDario B (December 1995). "Efficacy of a portable acustimulation device in controlling seasickness".
435:
1160:
431:
350:
702:
Han-Chung, Lien; Wei Ming, Sun; Yen-Hsueh, Chen; Hyerang, Kim; William, Hasler; Chung, Owyang (11 March 2003).
171:
Although airsickness is uncommon among experienced pilots, it does occur with some frequency in student pilots.
1599:
1187:
230:
Pilots who are susceptible to airsickness are usually advised not to take anti-motion sickness medications (
1384:
1193:
425:
1032:
571:
1737:
1498:
235:
150:, stress and anxiety are some factors that can increase susceptibility to motion sickness of any type.
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1536:
1269:
1177:
1082:
1072:
975:
704:"Effects of ginger on motion sickness and gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by circular vection"
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982:
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82:
51:
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223:
743:"Acupressure relieves the symptoms of motion sickness and reduces abnormal gastric activity"
1548:
1416:
231:
8:
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35:
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593:"Analysis of the nystagmus evoked by cross-coupled acceleration (Coriolis phenomenon)"
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238:). These medications can make one drowsy or affect brain functions in other ways.
1615:
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to desensitize trainees over 3 days. This combined with progressive relaxation (
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1047:
1042:
908:
213:
154:
849:
388:
1731:
1483:
1138:
1038:
Eosinophilic, polymorphic, and pruritic eruption associated with radiotherapy
799:
719:
675:
Brainard A, Gresham C (2014). "Prevention and treatment of motion sickness".
616:
592:
525:
396:
742:
703:
608:
143:
The following factors increase some people's susceptibility to airsickness:
135:. Severe airsickness may cause a person to become completely incapacitated.
1716:
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1007:
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Lucertini, M.; Bianca, E.; Marciano, E.; Pettorossi, V. E. (October 2019).
543:
404:
180:
Travelers who are susceptible to motion sickness can minimize symptoms by:
168:), young children, and individuals prone to other types of motion sickness.
161:
661:
476:
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1634:
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708:
American
Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
208:
165:
160:
Additionally, airsickness is more common in women (especially during
120:
78:
59:
55:
492:"Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness"
373:"Airsickness: Etiology, Treatment, and Clinical Importance—A Review"
204:
Medications that may alleviate the symptoms of airsickness include:
1342:
1107:
776:. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 137. pp. 371–390.
128:
104:
1584:
255:
have an Air
Sickness Management Program and use a device called a
1300:
1087:
701:
590:
132:
844:
349:. Vol. 2. Washington, DC: Borden Institute. Archived from
279:
116:
100:
86:
63:
741:
Stern, RM; Jokerst, MD; Muth, ER; Hollis, C (Jul–Aug 2001).
157:, drugs, and medications may also contribute to airsickness.
929:
54:
receives conflicting messages from the body (including the
346:
Motion
Sickness. In: Medical Aspects of Harsh Environments
740:
822:
263:
and muscle tensing) yields a high success rate. The
906:
558:"Squadron aims to reduce use of air-sickness bags"
647:
1729:
674:
490:Spinks, Anneliese; Wasiak, Jason (2011-06-15).
462:
1600:
892:
747:Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
489:
496:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1607:
1593:
1543:
899:
885:
772:Golding, J. F. (2016). "Motion sickness".
624:
533:
515:
371:Samuel, Orit; Tal, Dror (November 2015).
370:
342:
765:
338:
336:
334:
332:
330:
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226:(available in both patch and oral form).
97:Common symptoms of airsickness include:
771:
572:"Motion Sickness Treatments Make Waves"
273:
241:
1730:
1588:
1058:Radiation-induced erythema multiforme
880:
420:
418:
416:
414:
364:
323:
92:
16:Motion sickness induced by air travel
1531:
1614:
1375:Pseudoverrucous papules and nodules
1063:Radiation-induced hypertrophic scar
13:
1743:Symptoms and signs: Nervous system
782:10.1016/B978-0-444-63437-5.00027-3
597:Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica
411:
14:
1764:
818:
436:Civil Aerospace Medical Institute
1566:
1554:
1542:
1530:
1519:
1518:
1161:Inner ear decompression sickness
1555:
734:
695:
668:
641:
432:Federal Aviation Administration
286:, with variable effectiveness.
278:Alternative treatments include
138:
584:
564:
550:
508:10.1002/14651858.CD002851.pub4
483:
456:
447:Hain, Timothy C., M.D. (2006)
441:
1:
1395:environmental skin conditions
1188:High-altitude pulmonary edema
316:
199:
175:
1385:Tropical anhidrotic asthenia
1194:High-altitude cerebral edema
194:
119:, difficulty concentrating,
7:
1407:frictional/traumatic/sports
1033:Chronic radiation keratosis
438:. Publication: AM-400-03/1.
424:Antunano, Melchor J., M.D.
289:
10:
1769:
1748:Effects of external causes
1499:Pseudoacanthosis nigricans
1704:
1663:
1650:Space adaptation syndrome
1622:
1514:
1351:
1323:
1278:
1270:Space adaptation syndrome
1247:
1221:
1205:
1178:Chronic mountain sickness
1121:
1096:
1083:Radiation recall reaction
1073:Radiation-induced morphea
1025:
976:Warm water immersion foot
948:
922:
915:
826:
389:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00315
311:Space adaptation syndrome
29:
24:
1655:Virtual reality sickness
1452:Weathering nodule of ear
1068:Radiation-induced keloid
1053:Radiation-induced cancer
983:Non-freezing cold injury
961:Immersion foot syndromes
720:10.1152/ajpgi.00164.2002
427:Medical Facts for Pilots
343:Benson AJ (2002). "35".
1380:Sclerosing lymphangitis
971:Tropical immersion foot
650:Aviat Space Environ Med
609:10.14639/0392-100x-2073
465:Aviat Space Environ Med
261:diaphragmatic breathing
1467:Painful fat herniation
1447:Vibration white finger
1156:Decompression sickness
1013:Erythrocyanosis crurum
115:, cold sweating, skin
83:spatial disorientation
52:central nervous system
46:is a specific form of
1422:Fissure of the nipple
1390:UV-sensitive syndrome
1315:Adverse drug reaction
1144:Middle ear barotrauma
1134:Arterial gas embolism
1417:Equestrian perniosis
274:Alternative medicine
242:Non-medication based
1504:Narcotic dermopathy
1412:Black heel and palm
1365:Dermatosis neglecta
1239:Psychological abuse
1078:Radiation poisoning
577:Scientific American
1664:Medicine treatment
1640:Simulator sickness
1474:Uranium dermatosis
1427:Pulling boat hands
1336:Lightning injuries
93:Signs and symptoms
36:Emergency medicine
1738:Aviation medicine
1725:
1724:
1582:
1581:
1331:Electrical injury
1173:Altitude sickness
1021:
1020:
874:
873:
383:(11): 1135–1139.
377:Military Medicine
265:Italian Air Force
41:
40:
19:Medical condition
1760:
1609:
1602:
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1586:
1585:
1570:
1558:
1557:
1546:
1545:
1534:
1533:
1522:
1521:
1358:physical factors
1354:skin conditions
1286:Hypersensitivity
1003:Cold intolerance
920:
919:
907:Consequences of
901:
894:
887:
878:
877:
824:
823:
812:
811:
769:
763:
762:
738:
732:
731:
699:
693:
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677:Am Fam Physician
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645:
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588:
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581:
568:
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561:
560:. November 2010.
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409:
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361:
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340:
236:over-the-counter
131:, and increased
113:loss of appetite
22:
21:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1753:Motion sickness
1728:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1700:
1659:
1618:
1616:Motion sickness
1613:
1583:
1578:
1510:
1400:Electrical burn
1357:
1356:resulting from
1355:
1353:
1347:
1319:
1306:Arthus reaction
1274:
1255:Motion sickness
1243:
1217:
1201:
1117:
1113:Oxygen toxicity
1092:
1017:
944:
911:
909:external causes
905:
875:
870:
869:
835:
821:
816:
815:
792:
770:
766:
739:
735:
700:
696:
673:
669:
646:
642:
589:
585:
570:
569:
565:
556:
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502:(6): CD002851.
488:
484:
461:
457:
450:Motion Sickness
446:
442:
423:
412:
369:
365:
356:
354:
341:
324:
319:
306:Motion sickness
301:Airsickness bag
296:Acclimatization
292:
276:
244:
219:diphenhydramine
202:
197:
178:
141:
95:
48:motion sickness
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1457:Wrestler's ear
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:Surfer's knots
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1282:
1280:
1279:Adverse effect
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1229:Physical abuse
1225:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1048:Radiation burn
1045:
1043:Radiation acne
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
979:
978:
973:
968:
958:
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950:
946:
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942:
937:
932:
926:
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917:
913:
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896:
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871:
868:
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852:
836:
831:
830:
828:
827:Classification
820:
819:External links
817:
814:
813:
790:
764:
733:
714:(3): 481–489.
694:
667:
656:(12): 1155–8.
640:
603:(5): 341–346.
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563:
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482:
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214:dimenhydrinate
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89:and vomiting.
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1696:Transdermscop
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1541:
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1529:
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1526:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1484:Skin pop scar
1482:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1432:Runner's rump
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
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1408:
1405:
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1214:
1211:
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1204:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1168:High altitude
1166:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:Aerosinusitis
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1105:
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1101:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
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1074:
1071:
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1059:
1056:
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1031:
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1024:
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1001:
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994:
991:
989:
986:
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977:
974:
972:
969:
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964:
963:
962:
959:
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947:
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910:
902:
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888:
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879:
866:
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861:
857:
853:
851:
847:
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838:
837:
834:
829:
825:
809:
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801:
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791:9780444634375
787:
783:
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775:
774:Neuro-Otology
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602:
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541:
536:
531:
527:
523:
518:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
486:
478:
474:
471:(10): 890–4.
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451:
444:
437:
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353:on 2009-01-11
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1717:Sickness bag
1712:Bárány chair
1691:Promethazine
1645:Ski sickness
1629:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1523:
1478:
1406:
1394:
1264:
1234:Sexual abuse
1222:Maltreatment
1149:Pneumothorax
1008:Acrocyanosis
998:Aerosol burn
940:Heat syncope
935:Hyperthermia
854:
839:
773:
767:
753:(4): 91–94.
750:
746:
736:
711:
707:
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680:
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355:. Retrieved
351:the original
345:
277:
269:
257:Barany chair
249:US Air Force
245:
232:prescription
229:
203:
179:
162:menstruation
142:
139:Risk factors
99:
96:
76:
66:) affecting
43:
42:
1676:Cinnarizine
1635:Seasickness
1630:Airsickness
1291:Anaphylaxis
1265:Airsickness
1260:Seasickness
966:Trench foot
956:Hypothermia
916:Temperature
683:(1): 41–6.
517:10072/19480
284:acupuncture
224:scopolamine
153:The use of
72:equilibrium
44:Airsickness
25:Airsickness
1732:Categories
1489:Skin track
1442:Tennis toe
1370:Pinch mark
1352:Ungrouped
1296:Angioedema
1213:Starvation
1183:Death zone
1129:Barotrauma
988:Chilblains
357:2008-05-09
317:References
200:Medication
176:Prevention
125:drowsiness
1681:Dramamine
1494:Slap mark
1462:Coral cut
1026:Radiation
993:Frostbite
800:0072-9752
617:1827-675X
526:1469-493X
397:0026-4075
209:meclozine
195:Treatment
166:pregnancy
121:confusion
79:inner ear
56:inner ear
31:Specialty
1686:Marezine
1549:Glossary
1525:Category
1343:Drowning
1122:Pressure
1108:Asphyxia
923:Elevated
808:27638085
759:11452572
728:12576305
689:25077501
635:30933174
544:21678338
405:26540704
290:See also
129:headache
105:vomiting
1705:Related
1561:Outline
1537:Commons
1301:Allergy
1104:Hypoxia
1088:Sunburn
949:Reduced
662:8747609
626:6843578
535:7138049
477:9327113
253:US Navy
155:alcohol
148:Fatigue
133:fatigue
109:vertigo
68:balance
64:muscles
1671:Bonine
1573:Portal
1479:iv use
1248:Travel
1196:(HACE)
1190:(HAPE)
1097:Oxygen
806:
798:
788:
757:
726:
687:
660:
633:
623:
615:
542:
532:
524:
475:
403:
395:
280:ginger
117:pallor
101:Nausea
87:nausea
1623:Types
1324:Other
865:994.6
850:T75.3
429:(pdf)
1206:Food
930:Burn
860:9-CM
804:PMID
796:ISSN
786:ISBN
755:PMID
724:PMID
685:PMID
658:PMID
631:PMID
613:ISSN
540:PMID
522:ISSN
500:2007
473:PMID
401:PMID
393:ISSN
282:and
251:and
77:The
70:and
62:and
60:eyes
856:ICD
841:ICD
778:doi
716:doi
712:284
621:PMC
605:doi
530:PMC
512:hdl
504:doi
385:doi
381:180
234:or
164:or
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