237:
178:
576:, states that the Maiar resemble the Valar in being unable to die, but differ in being able to choose to incarnate fully in forms such as men's bodies. This means that, like Gandalf and the Balrogs, they can be killed. He notes that Sauron's inability ever to take bodily form again after his defeat could be the result of having given his power to the
308:. Dickerson states that the key point is that the Valar were "not to be worshipped". He argues that as a result, the Valar's knowledge and power had to be limited, and they could make mistakes and moral errors. Their bringing of the Elves to Valinor meant that the Elves were "gathered at their knee", a moral error as it suggested something close to
342:, the Valar had greatly changed, "civilized and modernized", and this had made the Valar "slowly and slightly" more Christian. For example, the Valar now had "spouses" rather than "wives", and their unions were spiritual, not physical. All the same, she writes, readers still perceive the Valar "as a pantheon", serving as gods.
296:, calls the Valar the "Powers of Middle-earth", noting that they are not incarnated, and quoting Tolkien scholar Verlyn Flieger's description of their original role as "to shape and light the world". Dickerson writes that while Tolkien presents the Valar like
1170:
385446 Manwë Discovered 2003 Aug. 25 by M. W. Buie at Cerro Tololo. Secondary (385446) I = Thorondor discovered in 2006 by K.S. Noll et al. using the Hubble Space
Telescope. In J.~R.~R. Tolkien's mythology, Manwë is foremost among the deities who rule the
594:
that their joy "is as an air that they breathe in all their days, whose thought flows in a tide untroubled from the heights to the deeps." Evans notes, too, that Arien and Tilion are central in
Tolkien's myth of the Sun and Moon.
220:, for example, physically the strongest of the gods, can be seen both in Oromë, who fights the monsters of Melkor, and in Tulkas, the strongest of the Valar. Manwë, the head of the Valar, has some similarities to
590:, calls the Maiar semidivine spirits, and notes that each one is linked with one of the Valar. He states that they have "perpetual importance in the cosmic order", noting the statement in the
617:" on Middle-earth, writing that as in real life "People ... do in sober reality recognise a strongly patterning force in the world around them", but that while this may be due to "
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Like the Valar, the Maiar included both good and evil characters. The Maiar were more numerous than the Valar, but less powerful individually. Among the good were the
2855:
330:
notes that
Tolkien wrote that to be acceptable to modern readers, mythology had to be brought up to "our grade of assessment". In her view, between his early
625:
and cannot be distinguished from the ordinary operations of nature", nor reduce the necessity of "heroic endeavour". He notes that this exactly matches the
135:, who entered the Creation lastâsucceeded in exiling Morgoth into the Void, though his maleficent influence remained ingrained in the fabric of the world.
2715:
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300:, he imagined them more like angels, and notes that scholars have compared the devotion of Tolkien's Elves to Varda/Elbereth as resembling the
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and Frodo's bearing of it; as
Gandalf says, they were "meant" to have it, though it remained their choice to co-operate with this purpose.
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that "the Valar are clearly the gods of
Scandinavia, Greece, and Rome, and, as well, the angels and archangels of Judeo-Christianity."
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85:, music sung by the Ainur in response to themes introduced by Eru. This universe, the song endowed with existence by Eru, was called
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An investigation of the
Teutonic god ĂĂ°inn; and a study of his relationship to J. R. R. Tolkien's character, Gandalf
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similarly discusses the role of providence, in the form of the intentions of the Valar or of the creator
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127:, the dark enemy. The conflict between the Valar and Morgoth marred much of the world. According to
119:
included both good and evil characters. The Vala Melkor claimed the Earth for himself. His brother,
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often spares the man who isn't doomed, as long as his courage holds." The
Tolkien critic
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959:(2004). "Norse and Christian Gods: The Integrative Theology of J. R. R. Tolkien". In
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93:. Those of the Ainur who felt concern for the Creation entered it, and became the
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375:
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Tolkien's classes of immortal beings and possible
Christian and Pagan influences
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169:, the Dark Lord of the Third Age, a Maia who had been corrupted by Morgoth.
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244:, intermediaries between the creator and the created world. Painting by
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made the Ainur or "holy ones". The
Universe was created through the "
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1065:
J.R.R. Tolkien
Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment
928:
J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment
749:, ch. 3 "Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor"
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185:, the strong and combative Norse gods of Asgard. Painting by
3035:
The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary
86:
614:
529:
504:
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467:
221:
217:
181:
Some critics have noted the similarity of the Valar to the
1817:
1785:
1130:
Master of Middle-earth: The Achievement of J.R.R. Tolkien
1103:(Third ed.). HarperCollins. pp. 173â174, 262.
791:
Tolkien and the Great War: The Threshold of Middle-earth
580:, but that the fate of killed Maiar remains unclear.
50:. These were the first beings made of the thought of
240:Other scholars have likened the Valar to Christian
967:. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 163â178.
881:
788:
280:, and the created cosmos. Like angels, they have
228:, one of the Maiar, resembles Odin the wanderer.
131:, the Valar and Maiar â with the aid of the Vala
3048:
913:
911:
909:
613:discusses the connection between the Valar and "
270:", intermediaries between the creator, named as
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161:or fire-demons, who were some of the Dark Lord
27:Divine race from J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium
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981:
906:
818:
816:
761:, ""Quenta Silmarillion", 10. "Of the Sindar"
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693:
691:
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2986:Tolkien: A Look Behind The Lord of the Rings
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779:
777:
714:
712:
262:describes the Valar and Maiar as being what
2944:The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion
990:"Charles Williams and Second-Hand Paganism"
965:Tolkien and the Invention of Myth: A Reader
872:
870:
829:Tolkien and the Invention of Myth: A Reader
1273:
1259:
1045:
949:
813:
686:
621:or the Valar", the force "does not affect
565:
200:J. R. R. Tolkien's influences § Norse
917:
774:
709:
629:view of luck and personal courage, as in
2979:Tolkien's Art: 'A Mythology for England'
2930:The J. R. R. Tolkien Companion and Guide
2856:Things named after Tolkien and his works
1012:
987:
867:
235:
176:
2923:J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century
1218:
1186:
1095:
888:. Westminster John Knox Press. p.
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208:have noted that the Valar resemble the
14:
3049:
1123:
822:
284:and can therefore rebel against him.
1254:
1054:
955:
783:
728:
598:
1595:The History of The Lord of the Rings
876:
672:is named for the king of the Valar.
224:, the "Allfather", while the wizard
58:that the world was created from it.
38:) are the immortal spirits existing
856:
231:
24:
3007:Tolkien, Race and Cultural History
2881:The Complete Guide to Middle-earth
25:
3078:
2972:Tolkien and the Invention of Myth
587:The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia
3057:Middle-earth deities and spirits
1571:The Lost Road and Other Writings
1280:
89:in Quenya. The Earth was called
2888:A Companion to J. R. R. Tolkien
2765:Poems and Songs of Middle Earth
2487:Finnish language and literature
1457:The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien
1147:
1117:
1006:
884:The Gospel According to Tolkien
752:
165:'s most powerful servants, and
3028:The Worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien
3000:Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth
2277:Ancestry as guide to character
1413:The Adventures of Tom Bombadil
850:
570:Grant C. Sterling, writing in
507:, a fallen member of the Ăsir
187:Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg
13:
1:
2937:J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia
1401:The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen
1133:. Penguin Books. p. 37.
675:
659:
605:Luck and fate in Middle-earth
193:
101:, the guardians of Creation.
863:. University of New England.
834:University Press of Kentucky
767:
652:, in Bilbo's finding of the
7:
2460:Tolkien's impact on fantasy
1628:The Peoples of Middle-earth
1563:The Shaping of Middle-earth
1155:"385446 Manwe (2003 QW111)"
1013:Sterling, Grant C. (1997).
316:Between pagan and Christian
293:J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia
172:
10:
3083:
2134:List of weapons and armour
1667:The Nature of Middle-earth
1357:The Fellowship of the Ring
1180:
680:
602:
319:
251:
197:
157:. Among the evil were the
142:
108:
66:
61:
3021:Tolkien and the Great War
2868:
2829:Works inspired by Tolkien
2811:
2744:
2733:Nightfall in Middle-Earth
2665:
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2548:The Atlas of Middle-earth
2539:
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1979:
1831:
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1652:The History of The Hobbit
1637:
1524:
1515:
1422:
1394:The Scouring of the Shire
1330:
1323:
1288:
1159:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
988:Kollmann, Judith (1984).
345:Judith Kollmann wrote in
54:. They were able to sing
2958:The Road to Middle-Earth
2824:Middle-earth Enterprises
1470:The three "Great Tales"
1101:The Road to Middle-Earth
1037:: CS1 maint: location (
857:JĂžn, A. AsbjĂžrn (1997).
306:Mary the mother of Jesus
138:
104:
2779:An Evening in Rivendell
2652:Margrethe II of Denmark
2531:A mythology for England
566:Maiar compared to Valar
336:and the published book
2902:Master of Middle-Earth
2424:Psychological journeys
1988:First and Second Ages
1840:First and Second Ages
1602:The Notion Club Papers
1540:The Book of Lost Tales
1387:The Return of the King
1364:The Shadow of the Past
1027:(4). article 3: 16â18.
333:The Book of Lost Tales
249:
190:
3014:Tolkien's Legendarium
2758:The Road Goes Ever On
2700:The Lord of the Rings
2685:The Lord of the Rings
2561:A Map of Middle-earth
2304:Death and immortality
2107:Red Book of Westmarch
1620:The War of the Jewels
1555:The Lays of Beleriand
1476:The Children of HĂșrin
1371:The Council of Elrond
1350:The Lord of the Rings
1058:(2013) . "Maiar". In
921:(2013) . "Valar". In
558:Scandinavian folklore
462:Michael the Archangel
322:Hell and Middle-earth
252:Further information:
239:
198:Further information:
180:
145:Maiar in Middle-earth
111:Valar in Middle-earth
71:Before the Creation,
2793:At Dawn in Rivendell
2786:A Night in Rivendell
2773:The Tolkien Ensemble
2607:Brothers Hildebrandt
2129:Two Trees of Valinor
1492:The Fall of Gondolin
1072:. pp. 401â402.
1060:Drout, Michael D. C.
935:. pp. 689â690.
923:Drout, Michael D. C.
609:The Tolkien scholar
326:The Tolkien scholar
153:or Wizards, sent to
56:such beautiful music
2297:Round World dilemma
1849:EĂ€rendil and Elwing
1502:The Fall of NĂșmenor
1224:Christopher Tolkien
1192:Christopher Tolkien
1015:"The Gift of Death"
371:Classical Mythology
356:
40:before the Creation
18:Ainu (Middle-earth)
2916:A Question of Time
2718:The Rings of Power
2637:Alexander Korotich
2434:Sound and language
2314:Dreams and visions
919:Dickerson, Matthew
664:In astronomy, the
599:Luck or providence
479:, one of the Ăsir
354:
250:
191:
77:Music of the Ainur
48:fictional universe
3044:
3043:
2993:A Tolkien Compass
2909:Picturing Tolkien
2895:Interrupted Music
2864:
2863:
2800:Leaving Rivendell
2569:
2568:
2555:Journeys of Frodo
2409:Old Straight Road
2399:Naming of weapons
2142:
2141:
1889:LĂșthien and Beren
1678:
1677:
1660:Carl F. Hostetter
1511:
1510:
1484:Beren and LĂșthien
1465:Bilbo's Last Song
1243:978-0-395-29917-3
1220:Tolkien, J. R. R.
1211:978-0-395-25730-2
1188:Tolkien, J. R. R.
1079:978-0-415-86511-1
942:978-0-415-86511-1
899:978-0-664-23466-9
843:978-0-8131-2301-1
563:
562:
290:, writing in the
288:Matthew Dickerson
16:(Redirected from
3074:
3067:The Silmarillion
3062:Fictional angels
2965:Splintered Light
2580:
2579:
2404:Northern courage
2329:Environmentalism
2309:Decline and fall
2232:Tolkien's poetry
2151:
2150:
1869:FinwĂ« and MĂriel
1691:
1690:
1645:John D. Rateliff
1522:
1521:
1449:Unfinished Tales
1432:The Silmarillion
1328:
1327:
1293:J. R. R. Tolkien
1275:
1268:
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1234:Houghton Mifflin
1229:Unfinished Tales
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1202:Houghton Mifflin
1197:The Silmarillion
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498:, a fallen Angel
357:
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339:The Silmarillion
232:Christian angels
204:Critics such as
129:The Silmarillion
44:J. R. R. Tolkien
34:(singular:
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2622:Donato Giancola
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2482:Classical world
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2339:First World War
2258:
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2037:Lonely Mountain
1975:
1827:
1698:
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1578:The Etymologies
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1002:(2). Article 1.
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957:Burns, Marjorie
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836:. p. 169.
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376:Norse Mythology
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2379:Mental illness
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2112:Rings of Power
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1612:Morgoth's Ring
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1380:The Two Towers
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1110:978-0261102750
1109:
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973:
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878:Wood, Ralph C.
866:
849:
842:
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805:
799:. p. 86.
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739:
737:, "The Istari"
727:
708:
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646:Paul H. Kocher
603:Main article:
600:
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582:Jonathan Evans
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328:Marjorie Burns
317:
314:
304:veneration of
302:Roman Catholic
233:
230:
212:, the gods of
195:
192:
174:
171:
143:Main article:
140:
137:
109:Main article:
106:
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68:
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26:
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3:
2:
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2678:Johan de Meij
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2617:Mary Fairburn
2615:
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2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:Moral dilemma
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2369:Luck and fate
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2349:Frame stories
2347:
2345:
2342:
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1026:
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1021:
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991:
984:
976:
974:0-8131-2301-1
970:
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944:
938:
934:
930:
929:
924:
920:
914:
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873:
871:
862:
861:
853:
845:
839:
835:
831:
830:
825:
819:
817:
808:
806:0-618-33129-8
802:
798:
793:
792:
786:
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773:
760:
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748:
743:
736:
731:
724:
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713:
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673:
671:
667:
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647:
643:
642:
634:
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628:
624:
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616:
612:
606:
596:
593:
589:
588:
584:, writing in
583:
579:
575:
574:
559:
553:
549:
546:
543:
539:
535:
531:
528:
525:
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511:
510:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
486:
483:
482:
478:
475:
473:
472:Olympian Gods
470:, one of the
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
453:
450:
446:
442:
438:
435:
433:
432:Olympian Gods
429:
426:
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420:
416:
413:
411:
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289:
285:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:Ralph C. Wood
255:
247:
246:Lorenzo Lippi
243:
238:
229:
227:
223:
219:
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136:
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96:
92:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
59:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2763:
2756:
2752:Donald Swann
2731:
2717:
2708:
2699:
2693:Howard Shore
2684:
2632:Tove Jansson
2612:Jenny Dolfen
2602:Anke EiĂmann
2574:Adaptations,
2553:
2546:
2470:
2287:Christianity
2282:Architecture
2188:Black Speech
2168:Family trees
1969:Tom Bombadil
1707:
1665:
1650:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1600:
1593:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1538:
1529:Middle-earth
1525:
1500:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1463:
1455:
1447:
1430:
1411:
1385:
1378:
1355:
1348:
1340:
1331:In Tolkien's
1298:Bibliography
1282:Middle-earth
1227:
1195:
1169:
1162:. Retrieved
1149:
1129:
1125:Kocher, Paul
1119:
1100:
1097:Shippey, Tom
1063:
1033:cite journal
1024:
1018:
1008:
999:
993:
983:
964:
961:Chance, Jane
951:
926:
883:
859:
852:
828:
824:Chance, Jane
790:
759:Tolkien 1977
754:
747:Tolkien 1977
742:
735:Tolkien 1980
730:
719:Tolkien 1977
700:Tolkien 1977
670:385446 Manwë
663:
650:Eru IlĂșvatar
639:
630:
608:
592:Silmarillion
591:
585:
571:
569:
513:Tom Bombadil
383:Eru IlĂșvatar
366:Christianity
361:Middle-earth
346:
344:
337:
331:
325:
291:
286:
277:Silmarillion
275:
272:Eru IlĂșvatar
266:"would call
257:
203:
155:Middle-earth
148:
128:
114:
80:
73:Eru IlĂșvatar
70:
52:Eru IlĂșvatar
35:
31:
29:
2849:Video games
2834:Fan fiction
2812:Other media
2711:film series
2702:film series
2657:Ted Nasmith
2519:Prose style
2512:Shakespeare
2272:Anachronism
1844:Celebrimbor
1518:composition
1439:Ainulindalë
1310:Legendarium
785:Garth, John
704:Ainulindale
666:Kuiper belt
627:Old English
611:Tom Shippey
388:The one God
82:Ainulindalë
3051:Categories
2709:The Hobbit
2673:Bo Hansson
2647:Tom Loback
2540:Geographic
2465:Influences
2042:LothlĂłrien
2008:Third Age
1944:Glorfindel
1925:Third Age
1833:Characters
1769:Half-elven
1527:History of
1516:History of
1423:Posthumous
1342:The Hobbit
1232:. Boston:
1200:. Boston:
1140:0140038779
723:Valaquenta
676:References
660:In culture
619:Providence
464:, an Angel
415:Archangels
320:See also:
298:pagan gods
264:Christians
206:John Garth
194:Norse Ăsir
2872:criticism
2844:Calendars
2720:TV series
2716:Music of
2707:Music of
2698:Music of
2666:Composers
2627:John Howe
2524:Ambiguity
2507:Philology
2384:Modernism
2292:Cosmology
2178:Languages
2124:Silmarils
2072:The Shire
2062:Rivendell
1992:Beleriand
1949:Goldberry
1934:Galadriel
1919:Ungoliant
1874:Gil-galad
1864:Fingolfin
1801:Beornings
1779:Sundering
1742:Ancalagon
1684:Fictional
1127:(1974) .
1099:(2005) .
1070:Routledge
933:Routledge
768:Secondary
623:free will
517:Goldberry
496:The Devil
282:free will
248:, c. 1645
2870:Literary
2745:Settings
2642:Alan Lee
2597:Cor Blok
2492:Medieval
2453:Literary
2414:Paganism
2203:Sindarin
2173:Heraldry
2155:Elements
2147:Analysis
2117:One Ring
2102:PalantĂr
2047:Mirkwood
2032:Isengard
2017:Esgaroth
1811:DĂșnedain
1806:DrĂședain
1700:monsters
1686:universe
1592:1988â92
1537:1983â84
1347:1954-55
1333:lifetime
1222:(1980).
1190:(1977).
1020:Mythlore
995:Mythlore
880:(2003).
826:(2004).
787:(2003).
654:One Ring
578:One Ring
573:Mythlore
458:, a Vala
449:Vanaheim
428:Pantheon
348:Mythlore
173:Analysis
97:and the
2584:Artists
2471:Beowulf
2359:Heroism
2344:Forests
2324:England
2319:Economy
2252:Tengwar
2237:Scripts
2220:Westron
2215:Valarin
2210:Khuzdul
2183:Adûnaic
2163:Artwork
2097:Mithril
2090:Objects
2077:Bag End
2002:Valinor
1997:NĂșmenor
1959:Saruman
1939:Gandalf
1904:Thingol
1899:Morgoth
1884:Isildur
1854:Elendil
1791:Hobbits
1754:Dwarves
1737:Dragons
1723:Wizards
1718:Balrogs
1695:Peoples
1585:Lhammas
1546:Ălfwine
1315:Outline
1226:(ed.).
1194:(ed.).
1181:Sources
1062:(ed.).
963:(ed.).
925:(ed.).
681:Primary
668:object
632:Beowulf
485:Morgoth
410:Valinor
400:Ainur (
310:worship
274:in the
226:Gandalf
163:Morgoth
159:Balrogs
125:Morgoth
67:Origins
62:History
2819:Impact
2576:legacy
2497:Modern
2477:Celtic
2429:Quests
2419:Plants
2264:Themes
2247:Sarati
2198:Quenya
2193:Elvish
2052:Mordor
2022:Gondor
1981:Places
1964:Sauron
1954:Gollum
1929:Elrond
1894:Melian
1859:FĂ«anor
1823:Trolls
1774:Noldor
1759:Eagles
1638:Others
1240:
1208:
1171:world.
1164:16 May
1137:
1107:
1076:
971:
939:
896:
840:
803:
552:Nixies
548:Hulder
542:Naiads
538:Dryads
534:Satyrs
490:Sauron
441:Asgard
423:Heaven
419:Angels
268:angels
242:angels
214:Asgard
189:, 1817
167:Sauron
151:Istari
133:Tulkas
2502:Norse
2444:Trees
2394:Music
2374:Magic
2364:Light
2242:Cirth
2067:Rohan
2057:Moria
2027:Harad
1879:HĂșrin
1764:Elves
1747:Smaug
1730:Valar
1713:Maiar
1708:Ainur
1664:2021
1649:2007
1625:1996
1617:1994
1609:1993
1568:1987
1560:1986
1552:1985
1499:2022
1489:2018
1481:2017
1473:2007
1462:1990
1454:1981
1446:1980
1429:1977
1410:1962
1339:1937
1324:Works
1305:Canon
636:'
554:, etc
544:, etc
530:Fauns
523:, etc
521:Elves
456:Manwë
445:Vanir
408:) of
406:Maiar
402:Valar
254:Maiar
139:Maiar
121:Manwë
117:Valar
105:Valar
99:Maiar
95:Valar
79:" or
32:Ainur
2839:Film
2439:Time
2354:Hell
2334:Evil
2227:Maps
2012:Bree
1818:Orcs
1786:Ents
1238:ISBN
1206:ISBN
1166:2020
1135:ISBN
1105:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1039:link
969:ISBN
937:ISBN
894:ISBN
838:ISBN
801:ISBN
702:, ""
641:Wyrd
615:luck
505:Loki
477:Odin
468:Zeus
443:and
437:Ăsir
222:Odin
218:Thor
210:Ăsir
183:Ăsir
115:The
91:Arda
36:Ainu
30:The
1796:Men
721:, "
638:s "
556:of
447:of
439:of
430:of
421:of
46:'s
42:in
3053::
1236:.
1204:.
1168:.
1157:.
1088:^
1068:.
1047:^
1035:}}
1031:{{
1025:21
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1017:.
1000:11
998:.
992:.
931:.
908:^
892:.
890:13
869:^
832:.
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795:.
776:^
711:^
688:^
550:,
540:,
536:,
532:,
519:,
515:,
417:,
404:,
395:â
312:.
216:.
87:EĂ€
1697:,
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1274:e
1267:t
1260:v
1246:.
1214:.
1143:.
1113:.
1082:.
1041:)
977:.
945:.
902:.
846:.
809:.
725:"
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526:â
501:â
392:â
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