63:
628:. Before the promise of José Félix Uriburu, the head of an extremist group, to maintain institutional order, Justo gave his agreement to the coup, which he expressed on the early morning of 6 September, thus starting a military government in Argentina for the first time since the signing of the Constitution. He did not join the government's direction nor, in the first instance, the governing group, which was led by Uriburu with a cabinet that was composed largely of local lobbyists of the multinational oil companies.
636:. Justo again rejected the offers of Uriburu to join the government and form a coalition. With the support of an alliance of the conservative National Democratic Party, the Independent Socialist Party, and the most anti-personalist faction of the Radical Party (then to be the Coalition of Parties for Democracy), he ran for president on the elections of 8 November 1931. With Yrigoyen's faction banned from the elections and its supporters using the strategy of "revolutionary abstention", Justo easily won against
275:
600:
1108:
782:
railways operated by the UK were not regulated. They had not established customs fees over coal. They had given special dispensation to the
British companies with investments in Argentina. They had reduced the prices of their exports. As many problems resulted from the declarations of the vice-president Roca, who affirmed after the signing of the treaty that "by its economic importance, Argentina resembled just a large British dominion."
624:. Declarations made by Justo in July 1930 about the inconvenience of military intervention, which would put the constitutional rule of law in danger, testify to the opposition between the factions. By contrast with the more radicalized Argentine Navy, a significant part of the Army supported the ideas proposed by Justo, with the notable exception of the nationalist core that soon would converge at the
632:
the vice-presidency that
Uriburu offered him, and he only briefly accepted the command of the army, resigning soon after. In Buenos Aires Province, Uriburu did not manage to implement the corporate model with which he wished to replace the republican system, and this failure cost him the political career of his Interior Minister,
591:, under the direction of Francisco Uriburu, they stayed close to the need of "order, hierarchy and authority". He did not adhere closely to them, the program of suppression of a republican government and their substitution with a corporative system, similar to the fascists in Italy and Spain, went against his liberal vocation.
518:, he was appointed director of the Military College, a post where he would remain for the following seven years. The great influence of this position helped him to weave contacts in political circles, just as in the military. Pursuant to the radical anti-personalist political branch (those that opposed the party leadership of
788:, one of his most vociferous and principal opponents, mocking the words of Roca in an editorial, wrote that "in these conditions we wouldn't be able to say that Argentina had been converted into a British dominion because England does not take the liberty to impose similar humiliations upon its dominions."
770:, the British had adopted measures that favored imports from its own colonies and dominions. The pressure from the Argentine landowners for whom the government restored trade with the main buyer of Argentine grain and meat had been very strong. Led by the president of the British Trade Council, Viscount
750:
was an occasion of a mass demonstration. In
December, during a meeting of the national convention of the UCR, a joint uprising of the military and politicians broke loose in Santa Fe, Rosario, and Paso de los Libres. José Benjamin Abalos, who was Yrigoyen's ex-Minister, and Colonel Roberto Bosch were
765:
One of the most controversial events of Justo's presidency took place in 1933, when the measures of production protectionism that were adopted by the UK led Justo to send his vice-president at the head of a technology delegation, to deal with the adoption of a commercial agreement that might benefit
728:
The radical opposition was very significant. On 5 April 1931, the political ideology of the supporters of
Yrigoyen had won the election for governor in the province of Buenos Aires against the hopes of Uriburu and Sánchez Sorondo; though the military government rings, cost the career of the Minister
631:
Justo expressly sought to distance himself from
Uriburu, who counted on a large group of supporters among the military officials but could not get the same support from the political parties, which quickly divided themselves after Yrigoyen's death, the focus of the antipathy against him. He rejected
781:
The treaty created a scandal because the UK allotted
Argentina a quota less than any of its other dominions. In exchange for many concessions to British companies, 390,000 tons of meat per year were allotted to Argentina. British refrigerated shippers arranged 85% of exportation. The tariffs of the
529:
During Alvear's administration in 1922 he left the
Military College to become the Minister of War. Promoted to the rank of brigadier general on 25 August 1923, Justo requested an increase of the defense budget to get equipment and improve the Army infrastructure. He also fomented the reorganization
745:
In 1933, the attempted coups continued. Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, and
Misiones would be the stage of radical uprisings, which would not end before more than a thousand people being detained. Seriously ill, Yrigoyen was returned to Buenos Aires and kept under house arrest. He died on 3
561:, of the Alvear Line of the UCR. Before the triumph of the formula of Yrigoyen and Beiró, who began in 1928 their second term of office with massive support of the voters and the majority in the House of Representatives. Justo received invitations of the ever more organized right to join the
673:, or the National Office of Public Highways, which undertook the betterment of the highway network. The difficulties for Hueyo's program would finally convince Justo to adopt this model in his economic policy. In addition, he encouraged the project of the mayor of Buenos Aires,
729:
and forced
Uriburu to give up his power. Before this, soldiers loyal to the constitutional government of Yrigoyen, with the support of armed civilians, organized insurrections to restore that earlier government. The first of these was directed by the Yrigoyenist general
607:
Around Justo another faction assembled, not any less intent on taking arms against the constitutional government of
Yrigoyen. Actively promoted by general José Luis Meglione, a Justo classmate, and by colonel Luis J. García, who soon would be one of the heads of the
791:
In the National Democratic Party, one of those who had supported the nomination of Justo for President, had split because of this controversy. Finally, the Senate rescinded the treaty on 28 July. Many worker strikes followed the deliberations, especially in
542:. During the next few years, he temporarily was the Minister of Agriculture and Public Works, besides holding the post at as Minister of War, which he would not abandon until the end of the term of office of Alvear. In 1927 he had received the promotion to
471:. In 1895 he was promoted to second lieutenant. In 1897 he became first lieutenant. In 1902 he became a captain. Having attained a civil engineering degree at the University of Buenos Aires, a governmental decree validated his title as a
733:
in February 1931. In June, in Curuzú Cuatiá in the province of Corrientes, they assassinated Colonel Regino Lescano, who was preparing a Yrigoyenist mobilization. In December, before an attempted coup led by Lieutenant Colonel
382:
was used for a system of control established from 1931 to 1943. Conservative groups wanted to use this to prevent any radicals from coming to power. During this period there was persistent opposition from the supporters of
652:
Justo became president on 20 February 1932. In addition to political turmoil caused by the coup, he had to make progress on the problems relating to the Great Depression, which had put an end to commercial profits and the
751:
arrested during the uprising and the organizers and leaders of the party were imprisoned at Martín García. Alvear, Justo's former patron, was exiled, while others were detained in the penitentiary in Ushuaia.
398:, was one of the greatest accomplishments of his administration, stained by constant accusations of corruption and of delivering the national economy into the hands of foreign interests, the
670:
435:
1119:
669:, or patriotic loan, was made, attempting to strengthen the financial coffers. The first of these measures was imposed on gasoline. It was meant to finance the newly created
633:
498:, at the same time in which they were promoting him to be subdirector at the gunnery school. With the rank of Lieutenant Colonel he completed diplomatic actions, becoming
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403:
354:. He was elected president on 8 November 1931, supported by the political sectors that would form shortly after la Concordancia, an alliance created between the
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550:
479:. With his promotion to the rank of major two years later he was proposed for the school of mathematics at the Military Academy and for the studies of
1043:
866:
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708:
would mark a change in the political scene in the government. The intervention of the government in the economy was more significant, creating the
980:
658:
460:, taking the weapons off the guards to add to the column of the revolutionaries. Arrested and later given amnesty, he graduated with the rank of
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1869:
907:
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joined him in Agriculture. He reduced the public expense and restricted the circulation of currency and applied harsh fiscal measures. An
1909:
1904:
964:
932:
841:
1889:
717:
336:
948:
350:, his experience under a civilian administration and pragmatic outlook earned him the conservative Concordance's nomination for the
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1864:
682:
367:
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644:, although under suspicion of fraud. Julio Argentino Roca Jr., from the conservative faction, joined him as vice-president.
335:. His presidency was part of the period known as the Infamous Decade, which lasted from 1930 until 1943. He established the
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351:
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821:
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and was soon a national deputy. He was active in politics, and soon after his son was born, he moved with his family to
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17:
1874:
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323:(26 February 1876 – 11 January 1943) was an Argentine military officer, diplomat and politician, who served as the
1439:
738:, Justo decreed a state of siege, and again imprisoned the old Yrigoyen, and also arrested Alvear, Ricardo Rojas,
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1760:
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414:, but his early death at 66 thwarted his plans. He worked on a preliminary study for the complete works of
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99:
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1879:
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526:. During his tenure he enlarged the curriculum of the college and promoted the formation of the faculty.
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1580:
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446:. His mother Otilia Rolón came from a traditional Corrientes family. When he was 11 Justo went to the
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712:, or the National Grain Committee, and of Meat, and soon after, with the advice of English economist
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in 1910. His return to Argentina was to Córdoba, as commander of the Fourth Artillery Brigade.
331:. Justo took part in the coup of 1930, becoming president two years later thanks to widespread
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enjoyed by the Yrigoyen and Alvear administrations. His first minister of the Treasury,
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1647:
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539:
410:. His name was mentioned as a candidate a new period during the unsteady government of
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661:, took very restrictive measures against the economy. The independent socialist
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454:). As a cadet he joined with various other students and participated in the
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The following year, he received the nomination as executive officer in the
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219:
33:
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677:, who undertook an ambitious project of urban organization, opening the
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Without abandoning his military career, he studied engineering at the
1271:
1056:
480:
223:
1517:
Fragile Civilian Governments – Proscription of Peronism (1958–1966)
1471:
774:, they were intense and resulted in the signing on 27 April of the
567:
263:
37:
953:, Editorial Centro de Estudios Unión para la Nueva Mayoría, 1991
503:
535:
491:(National Gunnery School), which would be granted in 1907.
502:
to the Argentina's envoy at the centennial festivities in
387:, an earlier president, and from the Radical Civic Union.
534:. At the end of 1924 he was sent as plenipotentiary to
571:. Although close to the concepts of the publications
538:, where they were celebrating the centennial of the
720:, or the Central Bank of the Argentine Republic.
1841:
950:Fondo documental del presidente Agustín P. Justo
509:
1051:
982:Parties and Power in Modern Argentina 1930-1946
44: and the second or maternal family name is
1037:
1009:Newspaper clippings about Agustín Pedro Justo
362:), the Anti-personalist Radical Civic Union (
1736:
796:, which ended with government intervention.
723:
553:temperament, Justo supported the candidates
475:in 1904. He was appointed as teacher at the
402:in particular, with whom his vice-president
87:20 February 1932 – 19 February 1938
1183:– First Presidential Government (1826–1827)
937:, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, 1933
704:The substitution of Hueyo by the socialist
1044:
1030:
966:Boletín de la Academia Argentina de Letras
143:12 October 1922 – 12 October 1928
61:
1120:Supreme directors of the United Provinces
647:
598:
754:
718:Banco Central de la República Argentina
390:The outstanding diplomatic work of his
14:
1842:
522:), he established good relations with
514:In 1915, during the term of office of
1735:
1025:
364:Unión Cívica Radical Antipersonalista
1610:– Military Dictatorships (1976–1983)
1548:– Military Dictatorships (1966–1973)
1496:– Military Dictatorships (1955–1958)
1443:– Military Dictatorships (1943–1946)
969:, Academia Argentina de Letras, 1943
693:, constructing the first stretch of
477:Escuela de Aplicación para Oficiales
346:Appointed War Minister by President
1895:Colegio Militar de la Nación alumni
1870:Argentine people of Italian descent
1817:nominee for President of Argentina
1721:List of heads of state of Argentina
822:List of heads of state of Argentina
24:
1910:Patrician families of Buenos Aires
1905:20th-century Argentine politicians
1641:Return to Democracy (1983–present)
1106:
804:He died in 1943 and was buried in
742:, and other leaders of the party.
25:
1921:
1890:University of Buenos Aires alumni
1002:
846:, Luciano de Privitellio, 1997,
575:(The New Republic) — managed by
372:Partido Socialista Independiente
273:
1900:Burials at La Recoleta Cemetery
1607:National Reorganization Process
985:, Alberto Ciria, January 1974,
934:La visita al Uruguay del excmo.
1865:People from Uruguay Department
1678:Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
973:
957:
941:
925:
912:, Torcuato S. Di Tella, 1993,
900:
896:, Instituto Yrigoyeneano, 1978
884:
859:
834:
671:Dirección Nacional de Vialidad
614:, he wrote for the newspapers
418:, whom he admired profoundly.
13:
1:
1885:People of the Infamous Decade
909:Historia argentina: 1830-1992
827:
510:Beginning of political career
374:). There were accusations of
327:from 1932 to 1938 during the
1156:Antonio González de Balcarce
594:
448:Colegio Militar de la Nación
421:
339:and introduced a nationwide
100:Julio Argentino Pascual Roca
36:, the first or paternal
7:
1574:Return of Perón (1973–1976)
1131:Gervasio Antonio de Posadas
1013:20th Century Press Archives
815:
496:Batallón de Ferrocarrileros
368:Independent Socialist Party
27:18th President of Argentina
10:
1926:
1390:Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
1286:Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
1104:
758:
469:University of Buenos Aires
360:Partido Demócrata Nacional
348:Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
152:Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
31:
1875:Argentine anti-communists
1824:
1812:
1802:
1792:
1783:
1775:
1767:
1758:
1752:
1747:
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1701:
1640:
1604:
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1565:Alejandro Agustín Lanusse
1542:
1516:
1490:
1468:
1437:
1403:
1367:
1299:
1266:
1203:
1179:
1161:Juan Martín de Pueyrredón
1118:
1063:
724:Relationship with the UCR
626:Grupo de Oficiales Unidos
611:Grupo de Oficiales Unidos
452:National Military College
434:. His father, also named
356:National Democratic Party
321:Agustín Pedro Justo Rolón
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1803:Party political offices
1737:Offices and distinctions
799:
746:June, and his burial in
710:Junta Nacional de Granos
699:Obelisco de Buenos Aires
675:Mariano de Vedia y Mitre
489:Escuela Nacional de Tiro
1850:Presidents of Argentina
1460:Edelmiro Julián Farrell
1209:Argentine Confederation
1069:Independence War Period
868:La moneda y su historia
766:Argentina. At the 1932
603:1931 ballot, Justo-Roca
438:, had been governor of
1786:President of Argentina
1716:President of Argentina
1508:Pedro Eugenio Aramburu
1493:Revolución Libertadora
1258:Juan Esteban Pedernera
1195:Vicente López y Planes
1151:Ignacio Álvarez Thomas
1136:Carlos María de Alvear
1122:of the Río de la Plata
1112:
716:, the creation of the
648:Presidency (1932–1938)
634:Matías Sánchez Sorondo
604:
532:armed forces structure
428:Concepción del Uruguay
337:country's central bank
325:president of Argentina
200:Concepción del Uruguay
75:President of Argentina
1809:Alliance established
1711:Politics of Argentina
1622:Roberto Eduardo Viola
1560:Roberto M. Levingston
1359:Victorino de la Plaza
1349:José Figueroa Alcorta
1334:José Evaristo Uriburu
1268:National Organization
1248:Justo José de Urquiza
1110:
1074:Asamblea del Año XIII
667:empréstito patriótico
602:
516:Victorino de la Plaza
457:Revolución del Parque
396:Carlos Saavedra Lamas
297:Years of service
1663:Adolfo Rodríguez Saá
1586:Raúl Alberto Lastiri
1545:Revolución Argentina
1534:Arturo Umberto Illia
1339:Julio Argentino Roca
1319:Miguel Juárez Celman
1314:Julio Argentino Roca
1243:Juan Manuel de Rosas
1223:Juan Manuel de Rosas
1190:Bernardino Rivadavia
806:La Recoleta Cemetery
786:Lisandro de la Torre
776:Roca-Runciman Treaty
761:Roca-Runciman Treaty
755:Roca-Runciman Treaty
748:La Recoleta Cemetery
638:Lisandro de la Torre
565:against the radical
524:Marcelo T. de Alvear
408:Roca-Runciman Treaty
1827:Roberto María Ortiz
1796:Roberto María Ortiz
1617:Jorge Rafael Videla
1581:Héctor José Cámpora
1555:Juan Carlos Onganía
1455:Pedro Pablo Ramírez
1424:Roberto María Ortiz
1419:Agustín Pedro Justo
1371:Radical Civic Union
1305:Oligarchic Republic
1238:Manuel Vicente Maza
1228:Juan Ramón Balcarce
687:Avenida General Paz
544:General de División
440:Corrientes Province
432:Entre Ríos Province
55:Agustín Pedro Justo
1880:Argentine generals
1779:José Félix Uriburu
1748:Political offices
1658:Fernando de la Rúa
1591:Juan Domingo Perón
1482:Juan Domingo Perón
1414:José Félix Uriburu
1291:Nicolás Avellaneda
1272:Argentine Republic
1233:Juan José Viamonte
1181:Unitarian Republic
1171:Juan Pedro Aguirre
1141:Juan José Viamonte
1113:
1098:Second Triumvirate
740:Honorio Pueyrredón
691:Avenida Corrientes
605:
573:La Nueva República
549:With his constant
540:Battle of Ayacucho
426:Justo was born in
366:) (UCRA), and the
112:José Félix Uriburu
1837:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1825:Succeeded by
1793:Succeeded by
1768:Succeeded by
1729:
1728:
1688:Alberto Fernández
1627:Leopoldo Galtieri
1475:terms (1946–1955)
1440:Revolution of '43
1395:Hipólito Yrigoyen
1385:Hipólito Yrigoyen
1324:Carlos Pellegrini
1301:Generation of '80
1111:Flag of Argentina
1093:First Triumvirate
893:Hipólito Yrigoyen
871:, Rioja, Leonci,
794:Santa Fé Province
768:Ottawa Conference
697:and building the
695:9 de Julio Avenue
663:Antonio de Tomaso
579:and the brothers
546:(Major General).
520:Hipólito Yrigoyen
473:military engineer
404:Julio A. Roca Jr.
318:
317:
16:(Redirected from
1917:
1776:Preceded by
1753:Preceded by
1745:
1744:
1733:
1732:
1706:Portal:Argentina
1632:Reynaldo Bignone
1529:José María Guido
1354:Roque Sáenz Peña
1046:
1039:
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1023:
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843:Agustín P. Justo
838:
731:Severino Toranzo
706:Frederico Pinedo
551:anti-personalist
500:military attaché
392:Foreign Minister
282:Military service
277:
216:
197:26 February 1876
196:
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182:Personal details
170:
160:
141:
124:Roberto M. Ortiz
120:
108:
96:
85:
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18:Agustín P. Justo
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1770:Luis Dellepiane
1764:
1761:Minister of War
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1725:
1697:
1673:Néstor Kirchner
1668:Eduardo Duhalde
1636:
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1524:Arturo Frondizi
1512:
1503:Eduardo Lonardi
1486:
1464:
1433:
1405:Infamous Decade
1399:
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1344:Manuel Quintana
1329:Luis Sáenz Peña
1295:
1281:Bartolomé Mitre
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1253:Santiago Derqui
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772:Walter Runciman
763:
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736:Atilio Cattáneo
726:
655:full employment
650:
642:Nicolás Repetto
597:
577:Ernesto Palacio
512:
424:
416:Bartolomé Mitre
406:had signed the
380:patriotic fraud
378:, and the name
376:electoral fraud
333:electoral fraud
329:Infamous Decade
249:
248:Other political
238:Political party
218:
214:
213:11 January 1943
198:
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173:Luis Dellepiane
168:
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131:Minister of War
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34:Spanish name
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1860:1943 deaths
1855:1876 births
1407:(1930–1943)
1378:(1916–1930)
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1274:(1862–1880)
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230:Nationality
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828:References
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204:Entre Ríos
193:1876-02-26
1057:Argentina
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617:La Nación
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481:telemetry
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224:Argentina
148:President
139:In office
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1472:Peronist
816:See also
568:caudillo
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264:Military
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42:Justo
1821:1931
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