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are the
Yakshas, monumental sculptures of earth divinities that have been dated to the 2nd-1st century BCE. Yakshas became the focus of the creation of colossal cultic images, typically around 2 meters or more in height, which are considered as probably the first Indian anthropomorphic productions in
99:. The Yakshas are a broad class of nature-spirits, usually benevolent, but sometimes mischievous or capricious, connected with water, fertility, trees, the forest, treasure and wilderness, and were the object of popular worship. Many of them were later incorporated into Buddhism, Jainism or Hinduism.
423:
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stone. Although few ancient Yaksha statues remain in good condition, the vigor of the style has been applauded, and expresses essentially Indian qualities. They are often pot-bellied, two-armed and fierce-looking. The Yashas are often depicted with weapons or attributes, such as the Yaksha
285:, the hem of the dress in the monumental early Yaksha statues is derived from Greek art. Describing the drapery of one of these statues, John Boardman writes: "It has no local antecedents and looks most like a Greek Late Archaic mannerism", and suggests it is possibly derived from the
136:" with incised tongues of flames behind his turbanned head, and he hold a water flask in the left hand, some fragments of which remain. His right hand may have been held out in "Abhaya mudra", as also seen in other statues of Agni.
639:"The folk art typifies an older plastic tradition in clay and wood which was now put in stone, as seen in the massive Yaksha statuary which are also of exceptional value as models of subsequent divine images and human figures." in
721:"With respect to large-scale iconic statuary carved in the round (...) the region of Mathura not only rivaled other areas but surpassed them in overall quality and quantity throughout the second and early first century BCE." in
308:
In the production of colossal Yaksha statues carved in the round, which can be found in several locations in northern India, the art of
Mathura is considered as the most advanced in quality and quantity during this period.
274:, often associated with trees and children, and whose voluptuous figures became omnipresent in Indian art. A relief is also known from the Mathura Museum, which shown the Mudgarpani with the same attributes.
269:
It is often suggested that the style of the colossal Yaksha statuary had an important influence on the creation of later divine images and human figures in India. The female equivalent of the Yashas were the
685:"We have no way of knowing whether there was any direct association between the cult of the Yashas and Dionysos during the Indo-Greek era, but this is a distinct possibility" in
249:
332:
125:
132:, is dated to circa 100 BCE. It was discovered in Bharana Kalan, 32 kilometers northwest of Mathura. In the statue, Agni has a flame-shaped "
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influence, such as the geometrical folds of the drapery or the walking stance of the statues, has been suggested. According to
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describes his statue as "Agnipani Yaksha", but Sonya Rhie
Quintanilla simply identifies the statue as that of the Vedic God
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seem to have been the object of an important cult in the early periods of Indian history, many of them being known such as
143:
on the base of the statue is in very bad condition, but has been partly deciphered. Some parallels with the contemporary
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172:"An image of the Holy One Agni was caused to be made by Jayghosa, the minister in charge of the gate-keepers (?)
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deity in ancient India. His name means "Agni-holder", "Agni" being the fire, for which the later god
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A later relief from the 1st century CE, showing Agni (right) with water pot and left hand in
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statue, probably manufactured and dedicated by the same person, also helped interpretation:
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Indian Art: A history of Indian art from the earliest times up to the third century A. D
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History of Early Stone
Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE
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History of Early Stone
Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE
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History of Early Stone
Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE
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History of Early Stone
Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE
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History of Early Stone
Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE
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History of Early Stone
Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE
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297:, the cult of the Yakshas may also have been associated with the
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Carter, Martha L. (1968). "Dionysiac
Aspects of KushÄn Art".
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The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths
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120:Agnipani ("Fire-holder") Yaksha from Bharana Kalan
124:A statue of Agnipani ("Fire-holder") Yaksha from
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475:. New Delhi: Pearson Education. p. 430.
473:A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India
365:Dated 100 BCE in Fig. 86-87, page 365-368 in
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558:. Princeton University Press. p. 112.
556:The Diffusion of Classical Art in Antiquity
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155:Agnipani pedestal inscription (right side).
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326:Aureole with tongues of flames (back view)
450:. Penguin Books India. pp. 397ā398.
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107:Some of the earliest works of art of the
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293:where this design is known. Under the
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641:Agrawala, Vasudeva Sharana (1965).
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647:. Prithivi Prakashan. p. 84.
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723:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
665:. BRILL. p. Fig.85, p.365.
659:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
613:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
586:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
397:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
373:. BRILL. p. Fig.85, p.365.
367:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
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524:. D.K. Printworld. p. 76.
518:Sharma, Ramesh Chandra (1994).
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928:Buddha statue of Vasudeva I
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852:Mirzapur stele inscription
257:. He appears with his son
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857:Vasu Doorjamb Inscription
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499:. EncyclopƦdia Britannica
234:("Fire-holder"), 100 BCE
47:("Fire-holder"), 100 BCE
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867:Yavanarajya inscription
554:Boardman, John (1993).
471:Singh, Upinder (2008).
165:(aga)(a)to Äisa prai(Ä)
91:, king of the Yakshas,
908:Saptarishi Tila statue
619:. BRILL. p. 259.
444:Dalal, Roshen (2010).
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862:Mora Well Inscription
729:. BRILL. p. 24.
592:. BRILL. p. 84.
424:Mathura Museum notice
403:. BRILL. p. 84.
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176:May Agni be pleased!"
161:(a)(a)tyna pratihÄre-
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109:Mathura school of art
139:The inscription in
68:is well known. The
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457:978-0-14-341517-6
410:978-90-04-15537-4
183:"Agnipani" Yaksha
128:, visible in the
21:"Agnipani" Yaksha
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501:. Retrieved
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255:Abhaya mudra
238:, GMM 87.146
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126:BharanaKalan
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51:, GMM 87.146
15:
976:Mathura art
903:Isapur YÅ«pa
802:Mauryan art
657:Fig. 85 in
295:Indo-Greeks
279:Hellenistic
159:Right side:
965:Categories
923:Caturvyūha
883:Mudgarpani
807:Kushan art
565:0691036802
348:References
289:of nearby
263:Karttikeya
167:Left side:
145:Mudgarpani
114:Mudgarpani
103:Sculptures
97:Mudgarpani
93:Manibhadra
827:Hindu art
812:Gupta art
701:0571-1371
950:Category
888:Agnipani
822:Jain art
497:"yaksha"
313:Examples
303:Dionysos
301:cult of
272:Yashinis
228:Agnipani
80:A Yaksha
58:Agnipani
41:Agnipani
971:Yakshas
836:Objects
709:4629244
695:: 141.
503:15 July
299:Bacchic
291:Bactria
134:aureole
85:Yakshas
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259:Skanda
232:Yaksha
89:Kubera
62:Yaksha
60:was a
45:Yaksha
705:JSTOR
277:Some
245:Style
196:Front
731:ISBN
697:ISSN
667:ISBN
621:ISBN
594:ISBN
560:ISBN
526:ISBN
505:2007
477:ISBN
452:ISBN
405:ISBN
375:ISBN
220:Back
208:Side
74:Agni
66:Agni
785:Art
95:or
967::
703:.
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574:^
540:^
430:^
389:^
356:^
338:A
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261:(
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