Advanced Video Coding

1589:(NAL) definition allowing the same video syntax to be used in many network environments. One very fundamental design concept of H.264 is to generate self-contained packets, to remove the header duplication as in MPEG-4's Header Extension Code (HEC). This was achieved by decoupling information relevant to more than one slice from the media stream. The combination of the higher-level parameters is called a parameter set. The H.264 specification includes two types of parameter sets: Sequence Parameter Set (SPS) and Picture Parameter Set (PPS). An active sequence parameter set remains unchanged throughout a coded video sequence, and an active picture parameter set remains unchanged within a coded picture. The sequence and picture parameter set structures contain information such as picture size, optional coding modes employed, and macroblock to slice group map. 516:, where the standard is part 10 of ISO/IEC 14496, which is the suite of standards known as MPEG-4. The standard was developed jointly in a partnership of VCEG and MPEG, after earlier development work in the ITU-T as a VCEG project called H.26L. It is thus common to refer to the standard with names such as H.264/AVC, AVC/H.264, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, or MPEG-4/H.264 AVC, to emphasize the common heritage. Occasionally, it is also referred to as "the JVT codec", in reference to the Joint Video Team (JVT) organization that developed it. (Such partnership and multiple naming is not uncommon. For example, the video compression standard known as MPEG-2 also arose from the partnership between 260: 1369: 1682:, targeting specific classes of applications. These are declared using a profile code (profile_idc) and sometimes a set of additional constraints applied in the encoder. The profile code and indicated constraints allow a decoder to recognize the requirements for decoding that specific bitstream. (And in many system environments, only one or two profiles are allowed to be used, so decoders in those environments do not need to be concerned with recognizing the less commonly used profiles.) By far the most commonly used profile is the High Profile. 4189:

to perform real-time SD and HD encoding. Compression efficiency depends on video algorithmic implementations, not on whether hardware or software implementation is used. Therefore, the difference between hardware and software based implementation is more on power-efficiency, flexibility and cost. To improve the power efficiency and reduce hardware form-factor, special-purpose hardware may be employed, either for the complete encoding or decoding process, or for acceleration assistance within a CPU-controlled environment.

11948: 3617: 36: 1700:

robustness (or for other purposes such as low-delay multi-point video stream compositing). The importance of this profile has faded somewhat since the definition of the Constrained Baseline Profile in 2009. All Constrained Baseline Profile bitstreams are also considered to be Baseline Profile bitstreams, as these two profiles share the same profile identifier code value.

2652:" is a specified set of constraints that indicate a degree of required decoder performance for a profile. For example, a level of support within a profile specifies the maximum picture resolution, frame rate, and bit rate that a decoder may use. A decoder that conforms to a given level must be able to decode all bitstreams encoded for that level and all lower levels. 620:

be used or enhanced. SEI messages are also defined that can contain arbitrary user-defined data. SEI messages do not affect the core decoding process, but can indicate how the video is recommended to be post-processed or displayed. Some other high-level properties of the video content are conveyed in video usability information (VUI), such as the indication of the

660:(integer DCT) with adaptive switching between the 4×4 and 8×8 transforms, encoder-specified perceptual-based quantization weighting matrices, efficient inter-picture lossless coding, and support of additional color spaces. The design work on the FRExt project was completed in July 2004, and the drafting work on them was completed in September 2004. 1670:. The above-mentioned aspects include features in all profiles of H.264. A profile for a codec is a set of features of that codec identified to meet a certain set of specifications of intended applications. This means that many of the features listed are not supported in some profiles. Various profiles of H.264/AVC are discussed in next section. 380: AVC standard (formally, ISO/IEC 14496-10 – MPEG-4 Part 10, Advanced Video Coding) are jointly maintained so that they have identical technical content. The final drafting work on the first version of the standard was completed in May 2003, and various extensions of its capabilities have been added in subsequent editions. 1482:" often found with prior codec designs. It is similar to the standard DCT used in previous standards, but uses a smaller block size and simple integer processing. Unlike the cosine-based formulas and tolerances expressed in earlier standards (such as H.261 and MPEG-2), integer processing provides an exactly specified decoded result. 4379:

them to the JVT prior to the release of the H.264 standard in May 2003. In December 2008, the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the District Court's order that the patents be unenforceable but remanded to the District Court with instructions to limit the scope of unenforceability to H.264 compliant products.

501:, where Recommendations are given a letter corresponding to their series and a recommendation number within the series. H.264 is part of "H-Series Recommendations: Audiovisual and multimedia systems". H.264 is further categorized into "H.200-H.499: Infrastructure of audiovisual services" and "H.260-H.279: 541:(VCEG – ITU-T SG16 Q.6) issued a call for proposals on a project called H.26L, with the target to double the coding efficiency (which means halving the bit rate necessary for a given level of fidelity) in comparison to any other existing video coding standards for a broad variety of applications. 4374:

Since the first version of the standard was completed in May 2003 (21 years ago) and the most commonly used profile (the High profile) was completed in June 2004 (20 years ago), some of the relevant patents are expired by now, while others are still in force in jurisdictions around the world and one

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free to use. However, any software projects that use Cisco's source code instead of its binaries would be legally responsible for paying all royalties to MPEG LA. Target CPU architectures include x86 and ARM, and target operating systems include Linux, Windows XP and later, Mac OS X, and Android; iOS

1699:

Primarily for low-cost applications that require additional data loss robustness, this profile is used in some videoconferencing and mobile applications. This profile includes all features that are supported in the Constrained Baseline Profile, plus three additional features that can be used for loss

783:

Version 12 (Edition 5): (March 9, 2010) Amendment containing definition of a new MVC profile (the Stereo High profile) for two-view video coding with support of interlaced coding tools and specifying an additional supplemental enhancement information (SEI) message termed the frame packing arrangement

4378:

In 2005, Qualcomm sued Broadcom in US District Court, alleging that Broadcom infringed on two of its patents by making products that were compliant with the H.264 video compression standard. In 2007, the District Court found that the patents were unenforceable because Qualcomm had failed to disclose

1657:

These techniques, along with several others, help H.264 to perform significantly better than any prior standard under a wide variety of circumstances in a wide variety of application environments. H.264 can often perform radically better than MPEG-2 video—typically obtaining the same quality at half

1249:

The H.264 video format has a very broad application range that covers all forms of digital compressed video from low bit-rate Internet streaming applications to HDTV broadcast and Digital Cinema applications with nearly lossless coding. With the use of H.264, bit rate savings of 50% or more compared

640:

The standardization of the first version of H.264/AVC was completed in May 2003. In the first project to extend the original standard, the JVT then developed what was called the Fidelity Range Extensions (FRExt). These extensions enabled higher quality video coding by supporting increased sample bit

619:

Throughout the development of the standard, additional messages for containing supplemental enhancement information (SEI) have been developed. SEI messages can contain various types of data that indicate the timing of the video pictures or describe various properties of the coded video or how it can

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Because H.264 encoding and decoding requires significant computing power in specific types of arithmetic operations, software implementations that run on general-purpose CPUs are typically less power efficient. However, the latest quad-core general-purpose x86 CPUs have sufficient computation power

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are reported. For example, H.264 has been reported to give the same Digital Satellite TV quality as current MPEG-2 implementations with less than half the bitrate, with current MPEG-2 implementations working at around 3.5 Mbit/s and H.264 at only 1.5 Mbit/s. Sony claims that 9 Mbit/s

846:

Version 26 (Edition 13): (June 13, 2019) Amendment to specify additional SEI messages for ambient viewing environment, content light level information, content color volume, equirectangular projection, cubemap projection, sphere rotation, region-wise packing, omnidirectional viewport, SEI manifest,

734:

Versions of the H.264/AVC standard include the following completed revisions, corrigenda, and amendments (dates are final approval dates in ITU-T, while final "International Standard" approval dates in ISO/IEC are somewhat different and slightly later in most cases). Each version represents changes

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Switching slices, called SP and SI slices, allowing an encoder to direct a decoder to jump into an ongoing video stream for such purposes as video streaming bit rate switching and "trick mode" operation. When a decoder jumps into the middle of a video stream using the SP/SI feature, it can get an

663:

Five other new profiles (see version 7 below) intended primarily for professional applications were then developed, adding extended-gamut color space support, defining additional aspect ratio indicators, defining two additional types of "supplemental enhancement information" (post-filter hint and

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systems. The H.264 standard can be viewed as a "family of standards" composed of a number of different profiles, although its "High profile" is by far the most commonly used format. A specific decoder decodes at least one, but not necessarily all profiles. The standard describes the format of the

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announced support for H.264 in Firefox on mobile devices, due to prevalence of H.264-encoded video and the increased power-efficiency of using dedicated H.264 decoder hardware common on such devices. On February 20, 2013, Mozilla implemented support in Firefox for decoding H.264 on Windows 7 and

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Supplemental enhancement information (SEI) and video usability information (VUI), which are extra information that can be inserted into the bitstream for various purposes such as indicating the color space used the video content or various constraints that apply to the encoding. SEI messages can

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Weighted prediction, allowing an encoder to specify the use of a scaling and offset when performing motion compensation, and providing a significant benefit in performance in special cases—such as fade-to-black, fade-in, and cross-fade transitions. This includes implicit weighted prediction for

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are removed from the bitstream when deriving the sub-bitstream. In this case, high-level syntax and inter-prediction reference pictures in the bitstream are constructed accordingly. On the other hand, for spatial and quality bitstream scalability (i.e. the presence of a sub-bitstream with lower

745:

Version 3 (Edition 2): (March 1, 2005) Major addition containing the first amendment, establishing the Fidelity Range Extensions (FRExt). This version added the High, High 10, High 4:2:2, and High 4:4:4 profiles. After a few years, the High profile became the most commonly used profile of the

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On August 26, 2010, MPEG LA announced that royalties won't be charged for H.264 encoded Internet video that is free to end users. All other royalties remain in place, such as royalties for products that decode and encode H.264 video as well as to operators of free television and subscription

3402:

are the picture width and frame height for the coded video data, expressed in units of macroblocks (rounded up to integer values and accounting for cropping and macroblock pairing when applicable). This formula is specified in sections A.3.1.h and A.3.2.f of the 2017 edition of the standard.

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This profile is used for standard-definition digital TV broadcasts that use the MPEG-4 format as defined in the DVB standard. It is not, however, used for high-definition television broadcasts, as the importance of this profile faded when the High Profile was developed in 2004 for that

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Picture order count, a feature that serves to keep the ordering of the pictures and the values of samples in the decoded pictures isolated from timing information, allowing timing information to be carried and controlled/changed separately by a system without affecting decoded picture

1610:

Frame numbering, a feature that allows the creation of "sub-sequences", enabling temporal scalability by optional inclusion of extra pictures between other pictures, and the detection and concealment of losses of entire pictures, which can occur due to network packet losses or channel

835:

Version 24 (Edition 11): (October 14, 2016) Amendment to specify additional levels of decoder capability supporting larger picture sizes (Levels 6, 6.1, and 6.2), the green metadata SEI message, the alternative depth information SEI message, and additional color-related VUI codepoint

790:

Version 14 (Edition 6): (June 29, 2011) Amendment specifying a new level (Level 5.2) supporting higher processing rates in terms of maximum macroblocks per second, and a new profile (the Progressive High profile) supporting only the frame coding tools of the previously specified High

3636:, a free video format which is thought to be unencumbered by patents, and H.264, which contains patented technology. As late as July 2009, Google and Apple were said to support H.264, while Mozilla and Opera support Ogg Theora (now Google, Mozilla and Opera all support Theora and 347:

encoded data and how the data is decoded, but it does not specify algorithms for encoding video – that is left open as a matter for encoder designers to select for themselves, and a wide variety of encoding schemes have been developed. H.264 is typically used for

693:) is removed from the bitstream when deriving the sub-bitstream. In this case, inter-layer prediction (i.e., the prediction of the higher spatial resolution/quality signal from the data of the lower spatial resolution/quality signal) is typically used for efficient coding. The 1523:

Macroblock-adaptive frame-field (MBAFF) coding, using a macroblock pair structure for pictures coded as frames, allowing 16×16 macroblocks in field mode (compared with MPEG-2, where field mode processing in a picture that is coded as a frame results in the processing of 16×8

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Previously encoded pictures are used by H.264/AVC encoders to provide predictions of the values of samples in other pictures. This allows the encoder to make efficient decisions on the best way to encode a given picture. At the decoder, such pictures are stored in a virtual

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video coding. Two profiles were developed in the MVC work: Multiview High profile supports an arbitrary number of views, and Stereo High profile is designed specifically for two-view stereoscopic video. The Multiview Video Coding extensions were completed in November 2009.

1566:(CAVLC), which is a lower-complexity alternative to CABAC for the coding of quantized transform coefficient values. Although lower complexity than CABAC, CAVLC is more elaborate and more efficient than the methods typically used to code coefficients in other prior designs. 1376:

H.264/AVC/MPEG-4 Part 10 contains a number of new features that allow it to compress video much more efficiently than older standards and to provide more flexibility for application to a wide variety of network environments. In particular, some such key features include:

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Primarily targeting video conferencing, mobile, and surveillance applications, this profile builds on top of the Constrained Baseline profile to which the base layer (a subset of the bitstream) must conform. For the scalability tools, a subset of the available tools is

4248:

Texas Instruments manufactures a line of ARM + DSP cores that perform DSP H.264 BP encoding 1080p at 30fps. This permits flexibility with respect to codecs (which are implemented as highly optimized DSP code) while being more efficient than software on a generic CPU.

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The ability to use multiple motion vectors per macroblock (one or two per partition) with a maximum of 32 in the case of a B macroblock constructed of 16 4×4 partitions. The motion vectors for each 8×8 or larger partition region can point to different reference

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in the computation of DPB fullness (unless the encoder has indicated for it to be stored for use as a reference for decoding other pictures or for delayed output timing). Thus, a decoder needs to actually have sufficient memory to handle (at least) one frame

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coding, rather than the "DC"-only prediction found in MPEG-2 Part 2 and the transform coefficient prediction found in H.263v2 and MPEG-4 Part 2. This includes luma prediction block sizes of 16×16, 8×8, and 4×4 (of which only one type can be used within each

1282:(ATSC) standards body in the United States approved the use of H.264/AVC for broadcast television in July 2008, although the standard is not yet used for fixed ATSC broadcasts within the United States. It has also been approved for use with the more recent 1648:

The ability to encode individual color planes as distinct pictures with their own slice structures, macroblock modes, motion vectors, etc., allowing encoders to be designed with a simple parallelization structure (supported only in the three 4:4:4-capable

1602:

Data partitioning (DP), a feature providing the ability to separate more important and less important syntax elements into different packets of data, enabling the application of unequal error protection (UEP) and other types of improvement of error/loss

4196:), and possibly with additional features on container format support, advanced integrated advertising features, etc. CPU based software solution generally makes it much easier to load balance multiple concurrent encoding sessions within the same CPU. 1393:

frames, most levels specify that sufficient buffering should be available to allow for at least 4 or 5 reference frames at maximum resolution. This is in contrast to prior standards, where the limit was typically one; or, in the case of conventional

1560:(CABAC), an algorithm to losslessly compress syntax elements in the video stream knowing the probabilities of syntax elements in a given context. CABAC compresses data more efficiently than CAVLC but requires considerably more processing to decode. 1388:

Using previously encoded pictures as references in a much more flexible way than in past standards, allowing up to 16 reference frames (or 32 reference fields, in the case of interlaced encoding) to be used in some cases. In profiles that support

1485:

An exact-match integer 8×8 spatial block transform, allowing highly correlated regions to be compressed more efficiently than with the 4×4 transform. This design is based on the standard DCT, but simplified and made to provide exactly specified

3648:?" by saying "If you want to do something that is universal, there is no question the world is going HTML5." In January 2011, Google announced that they were pulling support for H.264 from their Chrome browser and supporting both Theora and 797:

Version 16 (Edition 7): (January 13, 2012) Amendment containing definition of three new profiles intended primarily for real-time communication applications: the Constrained High, Scalable Constrained Baseline, and Scalable Constrained High

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This profile builds on top of the High 4:2:2 Profile, supporting up to 4:4:4 chroma sampling, up to 14 bits per sample, and additionally supporting efficient lossless region coding and the coding of each picture as three separate color

1507:

A lossless "PCM macroblock" representation mode in which video data samples are represented directly, allowing perfect representation of specific regions and allowing a strict limit to be placed on the quantity of coded data for each

474:. The commercial use of patented H.264 technologies requires the payment of royalties to Via and other patent owners. MPEG LA has allowed the free use of H.264 technologies for streaming Internet video that is free to end users, and 322:. An additional goal was to provide enough flexibility to allow the standard to be applied to a wide variety of applications on a wide variety of networks and systems, including low and high bit rates, low and high resolution video, 1471:(integer DCT), a type of discrete cosine transform (DCT) where the transform is an integer approximation of the standard DCT. It has selectable block sizes and exact-match integer computation to reduce complexity, including: 831:

Version 23 (Edition 10): (February 13, 2016) Amendment to specify MFC stereoscopic video with depth maps, the MFC Depth High profile, the mastering display color volume SEI message, and additional color-related VUI codepoint

3644:). Microsoft, with the release of Internet Explorer 9, has added support for HTML 5 video encoded using H.264. At the Gartner Symposium/ITXpo in November 2010, Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer answered the question "HTML 5 or 1661:

Like other ISO/IEC MPEG video standards, H.264/AVC has a reference software implementation that can be freely downloaded. Its main purpose is to give examples of H.264/AVC features, rather than being a useful application

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Redundant slices (RS), an error/loss robustness feature that lets an encoder send an extra representation of a picture region (typically at lower fidelity) that can be used if the primary representation is corrupted or

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are upheld, vendors and commercial users of products that use H.264/AVC are expected to pay patent licensing royalties for the patented technology that their products use. This applies to the Baseline Profile as well.

290:

coding. It is by far the most commonly used format for the recording, compression, and distribution of video content, used by 91% of video industry developers as of September 2019. It supports a maximum resolution of

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Primarily for low-cost applications, this profile is most typically used in videoconferencing and mobile applications. It corresponds to the subset of features that are in common between the Baseline, Main, and High

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wrote that it would use Cisco's binaries in future versions of Firefox to add support for H.264 to Firefox where platform codecs are not available. Cisco published the source code to OpenH264 on December 9, 2013.

1431:

Six-tap filtering for derivation of half-pel luma sample predictions, for sharper subpixel motion-compensation. Quarter-pixel motion is derived by linear interpolation of the halfpixel values, to save processing

592:, U.S.). In July 2004, the Fidelity Range Extensions (FRExt) project was finalized. From January 2005 to November 2007, the JVT was working on an extension of H.264/AVC towards scalability by an Annex (G) called 772:

Version 10 (Edition 4): (March 16, 2009) Amendment containing definition of a new profile (the Constrained Baseline profile) with only the common subset of capabilities supported in various previously specified

758:

Version 7 (Edition 2.3): (April 6, 2007) Amendment containing the addition of the High 4:4:4 Predictive profile and four Intra-only profiles (High 10 Intra, High 4:2:2 Intra, High 4:4:4 Intra, and CAVLC 4:4:4

1527:

Picture-adaptive frame-field coding (PAFF or PicAFF) allowing a freely selected mixture of pictures coded either as complete frames where both fields are combined for encoding or as individual single fields.

6646: 1262:

To ensure compatibility and problem-free adoption of H.264/AVC, many standards bodies have amended or added to their video-related standards so that users of these standards can employ H.264/AVC. Both the

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ASIC encoders with H.264 encoder functionality are available from many different semiconductor companies, but the core design used in the ASIC is typically licensed from one of a few companies such as

850:

Version 27 (Edition 14): (August 22, 2021) Amendment to specify additional SEI messages for annotated regions and shutter interval information, and miscellaneous minor corrections and clarifications.

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prediction block sizes include 16×16, 16×8, 8×16, 8×8, 8×4, 4×8, and 4×4, many of which can be used together in a single macroblock. Chroma prediction block sizes are correspondingly smaller when

828:

Version 22 (Edition 9): (February 13, 2014) Amendment to specify the multi-resolution frame compatible (MFC) enhancement for 3D stereoscopic video, the MFC High profile, and minor corrections.

314:), without increasing the complexity of design so much that it would be impractical or excessively expensive to implement. This was achieved with features such as a reduced-complexity integer 755:

Version 6 (Edition 2.2): (June 13, 2006) Amendment consisting of minor extensions like extended-gamut color space support (bundled with above-mentioned aspect ratio indicators in ISO/IEC).

1807:, which are defined as a combination of a H.264/AVC profile for the base layer (identified by the second word in the scalable profile name) and tools that achieve the scalable extension: 1868:

This profile supports two or more views using both inter-picture (temporal) and MVC inter-view prediction, but does not support field pictures and macroblock-adaptive frame-field coding.

726:

and texture (termed 3D-AVC), multi-resolution frame-compatible (MFC) stereoscopic and 3D-MFC coding, various additional combinations of features, and higher frame sizes and frame rates.

5823:"TS 101 154 – V1.9.1 – Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream" 1745:

Going beyond typical mainstream consumer product capabilities, this profile builds on top of the High Profile, adding support for up to 10 bits per sample of decoded picture precision.

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performed on "DC" coefficients of the primary spatial transform applied to chroma DC coefficients (and also luma in one special case) to obtain even more compression in smooth regions.

5942: 709:(MVC). Specified in Annex H of H.264/AVC, MVC enables the construction of bitstreams that represent more than one view of a video scene. An important example of this functionality is 576:/WG 11) formed a Joint Video Team (JVT), with the charter to finalize the video coding standard. Formal approval of the specification came in March 2003. The JVT was (is) chaired by 3343:

The maximum bit rate for the High Profile is 1.25 times that of the Constrained Baseline, Baseline, Extended and Main Profiles; 3 times for Hi10P, and 4 times for Hi422P/Hi444PP.

1706:

Intended as the streaming video profile, this profile has relatively high compression capability and some extra tricks for robustness to data losses and server stream switching.

1624:, which are special sequences of bits in the coded data that allow random access into the bitstream and recovery of byte alignment in systems that can lose byte synchronization. 684:

that does not support SVC. For temporal bitstream scalability (i.e., the presence of a sub-bitstream with a smaller temporal sampling rate than the main bitstream), complete

3359:(DPB). The maximum capacity of the DPB, in units of frames (or pairs of fields), as shown in parentheses in the right column of the table above, can be computed as follows: 1595:(FMO), also known as slice groups, and arbitrary slice ordering (ASO), which are techniques for restructuring the ordering of the representation of the fundamental regions ( 1719:

The primary profile for broadcast and disc storage applications, particularly for high-definition television applications (for example, this is the profile adopted by the

1511:

An enhanced lossless macroblock representation mode allowing perfect representation of specific regions while ordinarily using substantially fewer bits than the PCM mode.

1421: 1395: 3346:

The number of luma samples is 16×16=256 times the number of macroblocks (and the number of luma samples per second is 256 times the number of macroblocks per second).

1770:-only profiles, which are defined as simple subsets of other corresponding profiles. These are mostly for professional (e.g., camera and editing system) applications: 4192:

CPU based solutions are known to be much more flexible, particularly when encoding must be done concurrently in multiple formats, multiple bit rates and resolutions (

384:(HEVC), a.k.a. H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2 is a successor to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC developed by the same organizations, while earlier standards are still in common use. 6864: 1617:

exact match to the decoded pictures at that location in the video stream despite using different pictures, or no pictures at all, as references prior to the switch.

4279:, which is not affiliated in any way with the MPEG standardization organization, administers the licenses for patents applying to this standard, as well as other 1547:

that helps prevent the blocking artifacts common to other DCT-based image compression techniques, resulting in better visual appearance and compression efficiency

3596:= 4 frames (or 8 fields). Thus, the value 4 is shown in parentheses in the table above in the right column of the row for Level 4 with the frame size 1920×1080. 1800: 763: 694: 673: 593: 664:

tone mapping), and deprecating one of the prior FRExt profiles (the High 4:4:4 profile) that industry feedback indicated should have been designed differently.

6358: 804:

Version 18 (Edition 8): (April 13, 2013) Amendment to specify the coding of depth map data for 3D stereoscopic video, including a Multiview Depth High profile.

1339:

is a recording format designed by Sony that uses level 5.2 of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, which is the highest level supported by that video standard. XAVC can support

1220: 5986: 3688:

was notably absent from this list, because it doesn't allow applications to fetch and install binary modules from the Internet. Also on October 30, 2013,

10786: 1751:

Primarily targeting professional applications that use interlaced video, this profile builds on top of the High 10 Profile, adding support for the 4:2:2

3664:

above. This feature relies on Windows' built in decoding libraries. Firefox 35.0, released on January 13, 2015, supports H.264 on OS X 10.6 and higher.

1827:

Primarily targeting broadcast and streaming applications, this profile builds on top of the H.264/AVC High Profile to which the base layer must conform.

9470: 8350: 7120: 5537: 5229: 5199: 9622: 597: 6186: 10781: 6064: 4611: 11003: 1355:

and 2K resolution at 30 fps at 100 Mbit/s. XAVC can record 4K resolution at 60 fps with 4:2:2 chroma sampling at 600 Mbit/s.

428: 10791: 6277: 12185: 10286: 9664: 8234: 8025: 7421: 6951: 680:

of sub-bitstreams that also conform to the standard, including one such bitstream known as the "base layer" that can be decoded by a H.264/AVC

506: 4683: 7772: 6915: 6490: 4183: 3683:, and pay all royalties for its use to MPEG LA for any software projects that use Cisco's precompiled binaries, thus making Cisco's OpenH264 1244: 752:

Version 5 (Edition 2.2): (June 13, 2006) Amendment consisting of removal of prior High 4:4:4 profile (processed as a corrigendum in ISO/IEC).

6595: 5595: 5282: 10508: 8644: 8206: 7663: 562: 8060: 749:

Version 4 (Edition 2.1): (September 13, 2005) Corrigendum containing various minor corrections and adding three aspect ratio indicators.

12515: 12234: 5773: 5489: 11478: 5429: 53: 11583: 11503: 11294: 11289: 11135: 9258: 9011: 8238: 8021: 7425: 6955: 6230: 5569: 5515: 5335: 1557: 807:

Version 19 (Edition 8): (April 13, 2013) Corrigendum to correct an error in the sub-bitstream extraction process for multiview video.

510: 149: 6413: 1271:

format include the H.264/AVC High Profile as one of three mandatory video compression formats. The Digital Video Broadcast project (

12254: 11301: 9388: 9357: 9345: 8852: 8580: 7808: 7034: 616:. That work included the development of two new profiles of the standard: the Multiview High Profile and the Stereo High Profile. 12540: 12150: 12060: 11984: 9655: 7878: 4644:

Wang, Hanli; Kwong, S.; Kok, C. (2006). "Efficient prediction algorithm of integer DCT coefficients for H.264/AVC optimization".

4223: 1563: 1424:, including I-macroblocks, resulting in much more efficient encoding when using B-frames. This feature was notably left out from 12390: 12010: 11834: 10024: 9367: 7883: 6164: 5943:"WebRTC enabled, H.264/MP3 support in Win 7 on by default, Metro UI for Windows 8 + more – Firefox Development Highlights" 5397: 5365: 1405:(VBSMC) with block sizes as large as 16×16 and as small as 4×4, enabling precise segmentation of moving regions. The supported 45: 8065: 5846: 12180: 11993: 10196: 7465: 6772: 6478: 5822: 5683: 1279: 298:

The intent of the H.264/AVC project was to create a standard capable of providing good video quality at substantially lower

11903: 11704: 11227: 10610: 10201: 10171: 9227: 7946: 1895:

This profile supports joint coding of depth map and video texture information for improved compression of 3D video content.

1390: 739:

Version 1 (Edition 1): (May 30, 2003) First approved version of H.264/AVC containing Baseline, Main, and Extended profiles.

12510: 11548: 10878: 10675: 6151: 6139: 6127: 6115: 6103: 1538:

Frequency-customized quantization scaling matrices selected by the encoder for perceptual-based quantization optimization

376:(MPEG). The project partnership effort is known as the Joint Video Team (JVT). The ITU-T H.264 standard and the ISO/IEC 9999: 8706: 8671: 8649: 7848: 7823: 6626: 6359:"MPEG LA's AVC License Will Not Charge Royalties for Internet Video that is Free to End Users through Life of License" 4754:"H.262 : Information technology — Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Video" 4375:

of the US patents in the MPEG LA H.264 pool (granted in 2016, priority from 2001) lasts at least until November 2030.

1599:) in pictures. Typically considered an error/loss robustness feature, FMO and ASO can also be used for other purposes. 11075: 10099: 9176: 8446: 7497: 6908: 5718: 3773: 1862:

3D video and combines the tools of the High profile with the inter-view prediction capabilities of the MVC extension.

1628:

contain arbitrary user-defined metadata payloads or other messages with syntax and semantics defined in the standard.

6469:, No. 2007-1545, 2008-1162 (Fed. Cir. December 1, 2008). For articles in the popular press, see signonsandiego.com, 6365: 6086: 1839:

Primarily targeting production applications, this profile is the Scalable High Profile constrained to all-Intra use.

1535:

Logarithmic step size control for easier bit rate management by encoders and simplified inverse-quantization scaling

1351:

cameras—the Sony PMW-F55 and Sony PMW-F5. The Sony PMW-F55 can record XAVC with 4K resolution at 30 fps at 300

11639: 10811: 10655: 9289: 8488: 8042: 7941: 7731: 7133: 5631: 4424: 4258: 819: 6803: 3700:

Although iOS was not supported by the 2013 Cisco software release, Apple updated its Video Toolbox Framework with

685: 12249: 9495: 9362: 9109: 9067: 8595: 8322: 8186: 8029: 7653: 7607: 7507: 5990: 5490:"Sony introduces new XAVC recording format to accelerate 4K development in the professional and consumer markets" 5465:"Sony introduces new XAVC recording format to accelerate 4K development in the professional and consumer markets" 4546: 4262: 6855: 6594:

Ostermann, J.; Bormans, J.; List, P.; Marpe, D.; Narroschke, M.; Pereira, F.; Stockhammer, T.; Wedi, T. (2004).

462:

owned by various parties. A license covering most (but not all) patents essential to H.264 is administered by a

12535: 12070: 12029: 12024: 11734: 11729: 11488: 11436: 8764: 8585: 8268: 7673: 7502: 6777:

ISO publication page: ISO/IEC 14496-10:2010 – Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects

5664:

Kwon, Soon-young; Lee, Joo-kyong; Chung, Ki-dong (2005). "Half-Pixel Correction for MPEG-2/H.264 Transcoding".

3704:(released in September 2014) to provide direct access to hardware-based H.264/AVC video encoding and decoding. 1645:

Support of sample bit depth precision ranging from 8 to 14 bits per sample (depending on the selected profile).

1008: 470:. Via Licensing Corp acquired MPEG LA in April 2023 and formed a new patent pool administration company called 6474: 11528: 10858: 10371: 10019: 9251: 8732: 8394: 7780: 7766: 7219: 6470: 4428: 4227: 1795:

The High 4:4:4 Profile constrained to all-Intra use and to CAVLC entropy coding (i.e., not supporting CABAC).

1489:

Adaptive encoder selection between the 4×4 and 8×8 transform block sizes for the integer transform operation.

1319:

that uses H.264 (conforming to H.264 while adding additional application-specific features and constraints).

520:

and the ITU-T, where MPEG-2 video is known to the ITU-T community as H.262.) Some software programs (such as

12490: 7760: 7213: 5898: 4712: 355:

regions within lossy-coded pictures or to support rare use cases for which the entire encoding is lossless.

12350: 12105: 9515: 9166: 8773: 8728: 8330: 8251: 7961: 7668: 7658: 7567: 7430: 7105: 7027: 6960: 6931: 6901: 6681: 5544: 4480: 4458: 4417: 2076: 1667: 1592: 1438:

precision for motion compensation, enabling precise description of the displacements of moving areas. For

825:

Version 21 (Edition 9): (February 13, 2014) Amendment to specify the Enhanced Multiview Depth High profile.

656:) and 4:4:4. Several other features were also included in the FRExt project, such as adding an 8×8 integer 381: 373: 331: 6545:"The H.264/AVC Advanced Video Coding Standard: Overview and Introduction to the Fidelity Range Extensions" 5735:"The H.264/AVC Advanced Video Coding Standard: Overview and Introduction to the Fidelity Range Extensions" 11977: 11873: 11351: 9648: 7838: 4568: 4519:(Full draft). Sustainability of Digital Formats. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. December 5, 2011 3335: 3330: 3325: 3294: 3263: 3222: 3217: 3171: 3099: 12525: 11533: 11441: 11391: 11150: 10483: 10478: 9877: 9455: 9434: 9393: 9279: 9088: 9026: 8711: 8686: 8176: 7813: 7620: 7072: 6865:"Discussion on H.264 with respect to IP cameras in use within the security and surveillance industries" 4514: 1724: 1272: 538: 362: 283: 6333: 5366:"ATSC Standard A/72 Part 1: Video System Characteristics of AVC in the ATSC Digital Television System" 4619: 3304: 3299: 3273: 3268: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3109: 3104: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3016: 3011: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2959: 2954: 2949: 2944: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2887: 2882: 2861: 2856: 2835: 2830: 2809: 2804: 2778: 2773: 2752: 2726: 1821:

A subset of the Scalable Baseline Profile intended primarily for real-time communication applications.

12435: 12244: 11799: 11744: 11523: 11508: 10766: 10186: 9682: 9530: 8661: 8191: 8115: 8034: 7269: 6281: 4773: 4212: 3616: 2336: 1586: 1574: 1544: 1468: 1326: 1290: 690: 657: 613: 315: 5336:"Which recording mode is equivalent to the image quality of the High Definition Video (HDV) format?" 2783: 2747: 2721: 762:

Version 8 (Edition 3): (November 22, 2007) Major addition to H.264/AVC containing the amendment for

641:

depth precision and higher-resolution color information, including the sampling structures known as

12015: 11847: 11754: 11543: 11518: 10730: 10725: 9596: 9244: 8622: 8575: 8409: 8363: 8225: 8161: 7898: 7299: 5920: 5706:

Discrete Cosine and Sine Transforms: General Properties, Fast Algorithms and Integer Approximations

5668:. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3617. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 576–583. 4242: 2110: 625: 577: 546: 6509: 1833:

A subset of the Scalable High Profile intended primarily for real-time communication applications.

776:

Version 11 (Edition 4): (March 16, 2009) Major addition to H.264/AVC containing the amendment for

12530: 11401: 10943: 10933: 10928: 10503: 10488: 10428: 9862: 9857: 9817: 8568: 8535: 8451: 8389: 8358: 7918: 7678: 6877: 5872: 5602: 5172:. ITU. April 13, 2017. See Tables A-1, A-6 and A-7 for the tabulated level-dependent capabilities 4468: 676:(SVC). Specified in Annex G of H.264/AVC, SVC allows the construction of bitstreams that contain 7167: 4728: 3675:

announced that Cisco would release both binaries and source code of an H.264 video codec called

839:

Version 25 (Edition 12): (April 13, 2017) Amendment to specify the Progressive High 10 profile,

12560: 12550: 12355: 11970: 11951: 11719: 11709: 10838: 10256: 9837: 9641: 9545: 9520: 9208: 9192: 8666: 8399: 8246: 7873: 7110: 7051: 7039: 6893: 6256: 5286: 5169: 4474: 4216: 3768: 3680: 1844: 777: 706: 605: 601: 57: 5704: 5464: 5142: 5120: 5098: 5073: 5044: 5022: 4997: 1766:

For camcorders, editing, and professional applications, the standard contains four additional

722:

Additional extensions were later developed that included 3D video coding with joint coding of

624:

for interpretation of the video content. As new color spaces have been developed, such as for

12520: 10650: 9872: 9842: 9735: 9725: 9686: 9678: 9429: 9284: 9051: 8977: 8955: 8928: 8902: 8629: 8473: 8263: 7482: 7460: 7438: 6544: 5777: 5734: 4972: 4947: 4925: 4903: 4881: 4856: 4834: 4812: 4790: 914: 420: 6466: 5516:"Sony goes Red-hunting with PMW-F55 and PMW-F5 pro CineAlta 4K Super 35mm sensor camcorders" 1573:(VLC) technique for many of the syntax elements not coded by CABAC or CAVLC, referred to as 12259: 11898: 11804: 11538: 11513: 11356: 11197: 10948: 10635: 10438: 10311: 10094: 9403: 9161: 8950: 8897: 8602: 8289: 7450: 7381: 7249: 6886: 6559: 5968: 5436: 1570: 840: 557:, U.S.). The first draft design for that new standard was adopted in August 1999. In 2000, 498: 479: 366: 352: 159: 6873: 6543:

Topiwala, Pankaj; Sullivan, Gary J.; Luthra, Ajay (August 2004). Tescher, Andrew G (ed.).

6234: 5573: 5343: 801:

Version 17 (Edition 8): (April 13, 2013) Amendment with additional SEI message indicators.

8: 12335: 12227: 12210: 12205: 11739: 8940: 8933: 8876: 8590: 8258: 8050: 7956: 7903: 7615: 7410: 7386: 7334: 7090: 6993: 6940: 6417: 5254: 5222:"H.264: Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services - Version 27 (Edition 14)" 5192:"H.264: Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services - Version 26 (Edition 13)" 4304: 3621: 1739:

Similar to the Progressive High profile, but without support of B (bi-predictive) slices.

1402: 1368: 1140: 1110: 573: 303: 287: 259: 6563: 6036: 1658:

of the bit rate or less, especially on high bit rate and high resolution video content.

742:

Version 2 (Edition 1.1): (May 7, 2004) Corrigendum containing various minor corrections.

11684: 11619: 9959: 9560: 9439: 8757: 8681: 8196: 8181: 7721: 7693: 7376: 7339: 6704: 6618: 6575: 6391: 6303: 4661: 4490: 4312: 4193: 3751: 2012: 1493: 1410: 1045: 960: 416: 400: 8742: 8639: 7540: 4591: 1446:) therefore the motion compensation of chroma uses one-eighth chroma pixel grid units. 10513: 8965: 8607: 8558: 8010: 7853: 7443: 7294: 6968: 6754:

ITU-T publication page: H.264: Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services

5714: 5679: 4485: 4344: 1632: 1344: 866: 769:

Version 9 (Edition 3.1): (January 13, 2009) Corrigendum containing minor corrections.

387:

H.264 is perhaps best known as being the most commonly used video encoding format on

348: 335: 219: 6622: 6451:

with an earliest priority date of September 14, 2001 has a 2,998 day term extension.

5404: 5372: 1300:

use H.264 video wrapped in QuickTime MOV containers as the native recording format.

880: 766:(SVC) containing Scalable Baseline, Scalable High, and Scalable High Intra profiles. 12370: 11247: 10988: 10316: 9633: 9555: 9046: 8656: 8553: 8545: 8431: 8384: 8312: 8279: 7492: 7158: 7010: 6978: 6927: 6708: 6696: 6661: 6610: 6579: 6567: 6524: 6208: 5873:"Steve Ballmer, CEO Microsoft, interviewed at Gartner Symposium/ITxpo Orlando 2010" 5669: 5317: 4665: 4653: 4438: 4391: 4360: 3390:

is a constant value provided in the table below as a function of level number, and

1551: 1517: 1479: 1077: 629: 521: 11962: 6508:

Wiegand, Thomas; Sullivan, Gary J.; Bjøntegaard, Gisle; Luthra, Ajay (July 2003).

4283:, such as for MPEG-4 Part 2 Video, HEVC and MPEG-DASH. The patent holders include 1474:

An exact-match integer 4×4 spatial block transform, allowing precise placement of

263:

Block diagram of video coding layer of H.264 encoder with perceptual quality score

12555: 12440: 11857: 11578: 11483: 11237: 11165: 11160: 11155: 10640: 10603: 10598: 10593: 10588: 10583: 10578: 10573: 9586: 9171: 8634: 8426: 7535: 7512: 6439: 4268: 1752: 1639: 876: 794:

Version 15 (Edition 6): (June 29, 2011) Corrigendum containing minor corrections.

787:

Version 13 (Edition 5): (March 9, 2010) Corrigendum containing minor corrections.

193: 7996: 6760: 6665: 12545: 12455: 12450: 11145: 10893: 10705: 10568: 10558: 10553: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 9892: 9882: 9550: 9424: 9383: 9335: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9021: 8716: 8563: 8404: 8273: 7366: 4364: 4324: 4234: 3668: 1872:

The Multi-resolution Frame-Compatible (MFC) extension added two more profiles:

1475: 944: 581: 558: 502: 6700: 6614: 6528: 5876: 5800: 4657: 12504: 12470: 12445: 11933: 11908: 11893: 11829: 11824: 11819: 11814: 11809: 11654: 11599: 11568: 11558: 11421: 11411: 11381: 11376: 11326: 11306: 11284: 11269: 11222: 11187: 11130: 11125: 11115: 10993: 10938: 10913: 10908: 10888: 10761: 10301: 9740: 9710: 9606: 9540: 9480: 9419: 9330: 9325: 9104: 9006: 8993: 8945: 8750: 8612: 8419: 7913: 7711: 7477: 7361: 7005: 3672: 1340: 1251: 609: 370: 311: 292: 7976: 5309: 5221: 5191: 1678:

The standard defines several sets of capabilities, which are referred to as

391:. It is also widely used by streaming Internet sources, such as videos from 12465: 12460: 11794: 11764: 11624: 10968: 10963: 10826: 10821: 10816: 10735: 10680: 10630: 10563: 10518: 10493: 10423: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10361: 10326: 10236: 10231: 10059: 9867: 9083: 8436: 8201: 7991: 7986: 7843: 7818: 7314: 6165:"Quick Reference Guide to generation Intel Core Processor Built-in Visuals" 4477:(ITU-T H.266 or ISO/IEC 23091-3), an ITU/ISO/IEC standard, released in 2020 4461:(ITU-T H.265 or ISO/IEC 23008-2), an ITU/ISO/IEC standard, released in 2013 4204: 3726: 3689: 1859: 1720: 1406: 1264: 822:) and an additional model type in the tone mapping information SEI message. 412: 388: 323: 185: 5398:"ATSC Standard A/72 Part 2: AVC Video Transport Subsystem Characteristics" 1733:

Similar to the High profile, but without support of field coding features.

505:

of moving video". The MPEG-4 AVC name relates to the naming convention in

12239: 12222: 12217: 12200: 12195: 12190: 11769: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11040: 10957: 9929: 9591: 8500: 8441: 8379: 7981: 7744: 7739: 7324: 7244: 6973: 6065:"Video Interoperability on the Web Gets a Boost From Cisco's H.264 Codec" 4495: 4320: 4280: 3741: 3645: 1977: 1901:

An enhanced profile for combined multiview coding with depth information.

1767: 1755:

format while using up to 10 bits per sample of decoded picture precision.

1456: 1442:

the resolution is typically halved both vertically and horizontally (see

1439: 1382: 811: 810:

Version 20 (Edition 8): (April 13, 2013) Amendment to specify additional

710: 621: 589: 463: 319: 6823: 5674: 1879:

A profile for stereoscopic coding with two-layer resolution enhancement.

12419: 12409: 12279: 12274: 11759: 11664: 11371: 11346: 11110: 11065: 10801: 10458: 10271: 10164: 10159: 10154: 10114: 10089: 9964: 9720: 9236: 8414: 8307: 7716: 7487: 7356: 7319: 7254: 7138: 7015: 6924: 4690: 4332: 4300: 4296: 4208: 2439: 1685:

Profiles for non-scalable 2D video applications include the following:

1621: 1461: 1425: 1275:) approved the use of H.264/AVC for broadcast television in late 2004. 1012: 554: 6807: 6571: 5430:"ATSC Standard A/153 Part 7: AVC and SVC Video System Characteristics" 4538: 1620:

A simple automatic process for preventing the accidental emulation of

635: 240: 12475: 11928: 11923: 11918: 11913: 11888: 11878: 11839: 11789: 11784: 11779: 11774: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11659: 11649: 11634: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11553: 11498: 11493: 11473: 11451: 11431: 11386: 11366: 11321: 11316: 11311: 11279: 11242: 11232: 11217: 11212: 11207: 11192: 11177: 11172: 11100: 11095: 11090: 11070: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11035: 11030: 10978: 10973: 10953: 10923: 10898: 10883: 10853: 10806: 10796: 10776: 10771: 10756: 10751: 10665: 10386: 10381: 10276: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9505: 8483: 8085: 7888: 7868: 7688: 7683: 7346: 7304: 6839: 6784: 6753: 6152:"x264 replace High 4:4:4 profile lossless with High 4:4:4 Predictive" 5700: 5321: 5093: 5091: 4714:

Via LA's Heath Hoglund Talks MPEG LA/Via Licensing Patent Pool Merger

4539:"H.264 : Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services" 4407: 4356: 4328: 4288: 4245:, NGCodec. Some companies have both FPGA and ASIC product offerings. 3721: 1666:. Some reference hardware design work has also been conducted in the 1347:(fps). Sony has announced that cameras that support XAVC include two 1330: 1322: 1316: 1286:(Mobile/Handheld) standard, using the AVC and SVC portions of H.264. 992: 888: 843:(HLG), and additional color-related VUI code points and SEI messages. 815: 735:

relative to the next lower version that is integrated into the text.

723: 653: 550: 478:

paid royalties to MPEG LA on behalf of the users of binaries for its

343: 4849: 4394:

for H.264/H.265 patent infringement in USA, UK and other locations.

632:

video, additional VUI identifiers have been added to indicate them.

11563: 11341: 11045: 10873: 10710: 10700: 10685: 10660: 10645: 10620: 10615: 10498: 10473: 10468: 10453: 10448: 10443: 10433: 10398: 10393: 10376: 10356: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10331: 10321: 10306: 10296: 10291: 10281: 10266: 10261: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10206: 10191: 10176: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10109: 10104: 10084: 10079: 10069: 10064: 10054: 10049: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10004: 9994: 9887: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9760: 9755: 9750: 8461: 8340: 7971: 7863: 7289: 7143: 6015: 5710: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5113: 4992: 4990: 4967: 4965: 4918: 4596: 4576: 3756: 3731: 3676: 1501: 1348: 1283: 1204: 585: 483: 318:(integer DCT), variable block-size segmentation, and multi-picture 299: 6766: 6724: 5135: 5088: 5037: 5017: 5015: 4940: 4876: 4874: 887:

The following organizations hold one or more patents in MPEG LA's

12300: 12295: 12120: 12110: 12100: 11852: 11644: 11629: 11426: 11416: 11406: 11182: 10998: 10843: 10831: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9897: 9852: 9847: 9832: 9827: 9822: 9490: 8809: 8676: 8617: 8530: 8284: 8171: 8130: 8125: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8090: 7951: 7893: 7833: 7597: 7577: 7562: 7351: 7279: 7259: 6596:"Video coding with H.264/AVC: Tools, Performance, and Complexity" 6308: 5632:"Reminiscences of the Early Work in DCT: Interview with K.R. Rao" 5068: 5066: 5064: 5062: 4805: 4753: 4387: 4348: 4340: 4336: 4284: 4276: 3693: 3660: 1172: 1094: 976: 870: 860: 467: 408: 392: 229: 6923: 6507: 5157: 4987: 4962: 4896: 4827: 4783: 1818:

Scalable Constrained Baseline Profile (83 with constraint set 5)

12414: 12404: 12399: 12264: 11714: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11361: 11336: 11264: 11120: 11105: 11085: 11080: 11025: 11018: 11013: 11008: 10903: 10868: 10715: 10366: 10181: 9745: 9535: 9525: 9145: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9125: 8972: 8857: 8847: 8833: 8825: 8814: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8478: 7936: 7630: 7470: 7391: 7371: 7309: 7046: 7022: 7000: 6988: 6983: 6041: 5596:"Ultra-fast "SxS PRO+" memory cards transform 4K video capture" 5570:"Ultra-fast "SxS PRO+" memory cards transform 4K video capture" 5012: 4871: 4452: 4442: 4316: 3633: 3629: 1352: 1268: 1156: 1061: 604:, Germany). From July 2006 to November 2009, the JVT worked on 471: 459: 452: 440: 432: 377: 6647:"Video coding using the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC compression standard" 6517:

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology

6304:"Licensors Included in the AVC/H.264 Patent Portfolio License" 6231:"Category:DM6467 - Texas Instruments Embedded Processors Wiki" 5059: 4646:

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology

689:

spatial resolution/quality than the main bitstream), the NAL (

12380: 12375: 12365: 12360: 12340: 12330: 12325: 12320: 12315: 12310: 12305: 12175: 12170: 12165: 12160: 12155: 12145: 12140: 12135: 12130: 12125: 12115: 12095: 12090: 12085: 12080: 12075: 12065: 12055: 12050: 12045: 11749: 11724: 11446: 11331: 11202: 10983: 10848: 10720: 10695: 10690: 10670: 10044: 10014: 10009: 9730: 9715: 9705: 9700: 9570: 9500: 9320: 9315: 9310: 9213: 8999: 8887: 8525: 8456: 8299: 8075: 8038: 7923: 7625: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7572: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7530: 7522: 7284: 7264: 7095: 7085: 7080: 7068: 7056: 6278:"OMS Video, A Project of Sun's Open Media Commons Initiative" 5484: 5482: 4777: 4411: 4383: 4308: 4200: 3763: 3701: 3584:

For example, for an HDTV picture that is 1,920 samples wide (

2404: 2370: 1443: 1308: 1255:

AVC recording mode is equivalent to the image quality of the

1188: 681: 642: 568:

In December 2001, VCEG and the Moving Picture Experts Group (

495: 475: 448: 444: 436: 404: 359: 339: 307: 208: 204: 189: 181: 177: 141: 4215:) offer an on-chip hardware full HD H.264 encoder, known as 3620:

A YouTube video statistics with AVC (H.264) video codec and

1830:

Scalable Constrained High Profile (86 with constraint set 5)

1689:

Constrained Baseline Profile (CBP, 66 with constraint set 1)

1455:

Spatial prediction from the edges of neighboring blocks for

302:

than previous standards (i.e., half or less the bit rate of

12269: 11396: 11259: 11252: 10918: 10863: 10463: 10074: 9601: 9565: 9398: 9305: 8466: 8211: 8166: 8156: 8146: 8120: 8080: 8070: 7966: 7908: 7828: 7791: 7786: 7703: 7645: 7635: 7396: 7274: 7148: 7128: 6682:"Video Compression—From Concepts to the H.264/AVC Standard" 4403: 4355:, although the majority of patents in the pool are held by 4292: 3736: 3649: 3637: 3592:), a Level 4 decoder has a maximum DPB storage capacity of 1631:

Auxiliary pictures, which can be used for such purposes as

1435: 1336: 1312: 1297: 1029: 569: 542: 517: 513: 424: 396: 167: 163: 24: 5479: 5459: 5457: 4371:

channels. The license terms are updated in 5-year blocks.

3608:

than the maximum capacity of the DPB as calculated above.

1736:

Constrained High Profile (100 with constraint set 4 and 5)

1730:

Progressive High Profile (PHiP, 100 with constraint set 4)

11883: 11573: 10625: 9485: 9460: 8960: 8907: 8505: 8493: 8335: 8151: 8055: 7858: 7455: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 6593: 4464: 4448: 4434: 4352: 4238: 3653: 3641: 1905: 1256: 327: 145: 20: 1450:

B-frames, and explicit weighted prediction for P-frames.

8772: 6645:

Puri, Atul; Chen, Xuemin; Luthra, Ajay (October 2004).

6233:. Processors.wiki.ti.com. July 12, 2011. Archived from 5507: 5454: 4813:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (05/2003) Cor. 1 (05/2004)" 1803:(SVC) extension, the standard contains five additional 1638:

Support of monochrome (4:0:0), 4:2:0, 4:2:2, and 4:4:4

1293:

markets have included the technology in many products.

6542: 6479:"Broadcom Wins First Trial in Qualcomm Patent Dispute" 1836:

Scalable High Intra Profile (86 with constraint set 3)

780:(MVC) extension, including the Multiview High profile. 85:

Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services

6392:"MPEG LA Cuts Royalties from Free Web Video, Forever" 3323: 3292: 3261: 3215: 3169: 3128: 3097: 3066: 3035: 3009: 2978: 2942: 2906: 2880: 2854: 2828: 2802: 2771: 2745: 2719: 1221:

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute

717: 9663: 9126:

Part 1: Transport and Storage of Genomic Information

5639:

Reprints from the Early Days of Information Sciences

5588: 5530: 5310:"RFC 3984 : RTP Payload Format for H.264 Video" 4948:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (2007) Cor. 1 (01/2009)" 4904:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (2005) Amd. 2 (04/2007)" 4882:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (2005) Amd. 1 (06/2006)" 4857:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (2005) Cor. 1 (09/2005)" 1789:

The High 4:4:4 Profile constrained to all-Intra use.

1786:

High 4:4:4 Intra Profile (244 with constraint set 3)

1783:

The High 4:2:2 Profile constrained to all-Intra use.

1780:

High 4:2:2 Intra Profile (122 with constraint set 3)

1259:

format, which uses approximately 18–25 Mbit/s.

11992: 6680:Sullivan, Gary J.; Wiegand, Thomas (January 2005). 6552:

SPIE Applications of Digital Image Processing XXVII

1939: 636:

Fidelity range extensions and professional profiles

6554:. Applications of Digital Image Processing XXVII. 5275: 1915: 1311:is a high-definition recording format designed by 9623:List of digital television deployments by country 6510:"Overview of the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard" 5630:Stanković, Radomir S.; Astola, Jaakko T. (2012). 5562: 1777:The High 10 Profile constrained to all-Intra use. 1774:High 10 Intra Profile (110 with constraint set 3) 705:The next major feature added to the standard was 672:The next major feature added to the standard was 12502: 1291:closed-circuit-television and video-surveillance 9214:Part 2: Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding 6679: 5987:"Open-Sourced H.264 Removes Barriers to WebRTC" 5629: 5538:"F55 CineAlta 4K the future, ahead of schedule" 4516:MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10) (H.264) 4211:processors introduced at the January 2011 CES ( 1343:(4096 × 2160 and 3840 × 2160) at up to 60 895:H.264/AVC patent holders (as of December 2022) 596:(SVC). The JVT management team was extended by 351:, although it is also possible to create truly 19:"AVC1" redirects here. Not to be confused with 16:Most widely used standard for video compression 6644: 6010: 6008: 5698: 1927: 1888:The 3D-AVC extension added two more profiles: 80:Advanced Video Coding / H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 11978: 9649: 9252: 8758: 6909: 6856:"Fourth Annual H.264 video codecs comparison" 6440:"United States Patent 9,356,620 Baese, et al" 5875:. Gartnervideo. November 2010. Archived from 4184:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC products and implementations 1245:List of video services using H.264/MPEG-4 AVC 524:) internally identify this standard as AVC1. 9167:Part 2: High Efficiency Video Coding (H.265) 6874:"Sixth Annual H.264 video codecs comparison" 5798: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5692: 5663: 5625: 5623: 4643: 3349: 1758:High 4:4:4 Predictive Profile (Hi444PP, 244) 697:extensions were completed in November 2007. 6767:H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 Tutorials (Richardson) 6005: 4681: 1898:Enhanced Multiview Depth High Profile (139) 1847:(MVC) extension, the standard contains two 11985: 11971: 9656: 9642: 9259: 9245: 9177:Part 12: High Efficiency Image File Format 8765: 8751: 6916: 6902: 6722: 6364:. MPEG LA. August 26, 2010. Archived from 6328: 6326: 6104:"x264 4:0:0 (monochrome) encoding support" 5801:"H.264/AVC JM Reference Software Download" 5771: 5666:Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2005 5513: 1420:The ability to use any macroblock type in 6725:"Learn about video compression and H.264" 6416:. MPEG LA. August 1, 2002. Archived from 6167:. Intel Software Network. October 1, 2010 6087:"Updated README · cisco/openh264@59dae50" 5751: 5673: 5620: 5249: 5247: 1558:Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding 700: 608:(MVC), an extension of H.264/AVC towards 9266: 6140:"x264 support for 9 and 10-bit encoding" 5847:"Decoding the HTML 5 video codec debate" 5543:. Sony. October 30, 2012. Archived from 3615: 2648:As the term is used in the standard, a " 1936: 1520:-scan video coding features, including: 1367: 667: 258: 9110:Part 3: Unified Speech and Audio Coding 9068:Part 2: Description definition language 6723:Richardson, Iain E. G. (January 2011). 6471:"Qualcomm loses its patent-rights case" 6461: 6459: 6457: 6389: 6323: 4767: 4677: 4675: 4241:(formerly Hantro, acquired by Google), 1564:Context-adaptive variable-length coding 1329:-only compression format, developed by 12503: 12011:List of ITU-T V-series recommendations 9193:Part 3: Versatile Video Coding (H.266) 9017:Part 10: Advanced Video Coding (H.264) 6654:Signal Processing: Image Communication 5307: 5244: 5170:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (04/2017)" 5143:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (10/2016)" 5121:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (02/2016)" 5099:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (02/2014)" 5074:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (04/2013)" 5045:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (01/2012)" 5023:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (06/2011)" 4998:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (03/2010)" 4973:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (03/2009)" 4926:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (11/2007)" 4835:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (03/2005)" 4791:"ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (05/2003)" 4639: 4637: 1921: 1918: 1906:Feature support in particular profiles 1569:A common simple and highly structured 1504:macroblock coding features including: 11966: 9637: 9240: 9131:Part 2: Coding of Genomic Information 8746: 6897: 6475:"Qualcomm's patent case goes to jury" 5699:Britanak, Vladimir; Yip, Patrick C.; 5308:Wenger; et al. (February 2005). 5232:from the original on November 4, 2021 5202:from the original on November 4, 2021 4549:from the original on October 31, 2019 3599:The current picture being decoded is 1933: 1280:Advanced Television Systems Committee 6454: 5899:"HTML Video Codec Support in Chrome" 4710: 4682:Thomson, Gavin; Shah, Athar (2017). 4672: 3707: 3632:was split between supporters of Ogg 2656:Levels with maximum property values 1642:(depending on the selected profile). 1582:Loss resilience features including: 58:move details into the article's body 29: 9027:Part 12: ISO base media file format 8774:MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) 6211:. Design-reuse.com. January 1, 1990 4634: 4222:A hardware H.264 encoder can be an 13: 9089:Part 5: Rights Expression Language 8707:Comparison of audio coding formats 6603:IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 6500: 5989:. October 30, 2013. Archived from 3856:Interlaced coding (PicAFF, MBAFF) 3611: 2240:Interlaced coding (PicAFF, MBAFF) 2077:Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO) 1930: 1924: 1892:Multiview Depth High Profile (138) 1385:including the following features: 1303: 814:identifiers (including support of 718:3D-AVC and MFC stereoscopic coding 532: 14: 12572: 12516:Open standards covered by patents 12491:All articles beginning with "ITU" 12265:G.9700, G.9701, G.9710 and G.9711 6785:"H.264/AVC JM Reference Software" 6745: 6390:Hachman, Mark (August 26, 2010). 6037:"OpenH264 Simplified BSD License" 5921:"Video, Mobile, and the Open Web" 5713:. pp. ix, xiii, 1, 141–304. 3932:8×8 vs. 4×4 transform adaptivity 2474:8×8 vs. 4×4 transform adaptivity 1532:A quantization design including: 854: 565:, Germany) became VCEG co-chair. 11947: 11946: 9290:Ultra-high-definition television 6773:"Part 10: Advanced Video Coding" 6189:. www.intel.com. October 1, 2010 4425:Dirac (video compression format) 4275:A private organization known as 4259:Microsoft Corp. v. Motorola Inc. 1748:High 4:2:2 Profile (Hi422P, 122) 1267:format and the now-discontinued 34: 6483: 6467:Qualcomm Inc. v. Broadcom Corp. 6432: 6406: 6383: 6351: 6296: 6270: 6249: 6223: 6201: 6179: 6157: 6145: 6133: 6121: 6109: 6097: 6079: 6057: 6029: 5979: 5961: 5935: 5913: 5891: 5865: 5839: 5815: 5792: 5765: 5727: 5657: 5514:Steve Dent (October 30, 2012). 5422: 5390: 5358: 5328: 5301: 5214: 5184: 4746: 4612:"Delivering 8K using AVC/H.264" 4467:, a video coding design by the 4263:Qualcomm Inc. v. Broadcom Corp. 1238: 12541:ITU-T H Series Recommendations 12030:Category:ITU-T recommendations 12025:Category:ITU-R recommendations 9209:Part 1: Essential Video Coding 9084:Parts 2, 3 and 9: Digital Item 9052:Part 33: Internet Video Coding 9037:Part 17: Streaming text format 8269:ISO/IEC base media file format 4721: 4704: 4604: 4584: 4561: 4531: 4507: 4429:BBC Research & Development 4363:IP Bridge (1,130 patents) and 4269:patents on software algorithms 3970:Quantization scaling matrices 2506:Quantization scaling matrices 2111:Arbitrary slice ordering (ASO) 1858:This profile targets two-view 1811:Scalable Baseline Profile (83) 1792:CAVLC 4:4:4 Intra Profile (44) 1009:Nippon Telegraph and Telephone 358:H.264 was standardized by the 1: 8978:Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding 6128:"x264 4:4:4 encoding support" 6116:"x264 4:2:2 encoding support" 5772:Apple Inc. (March 26, 1999). 4592:"Video Developer Report 2019" 4569:"Video Developer Report 2018" 4501: 3713:AVC software implementations 427:broadcasts over terrestrial ( 9162:Part 1: MPEG media transport 6761:MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 Information 6016:"Cisco OpenH264 project FAQ" 5949:. mozilla. February 20, 2013 4481:Internet Protocol television 4459:High Efficiency Video Coding 4418:Comparison of H.264 and VC-1 4252: 2694:Examples for high resolution 2578:Separate color plane coding 1882:MFC Depth High Profile (135) 1865:Multiview High Profile (118) 1742:High 10 Profile (Hi10P, 110) 1668:Moving Picture Experts Group 1593:Flexible macroblock ordering 1478:signals with little of the " 816:ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020 382:High Efficiency Video Coding 374:Moving Picture Experts Group 7: 11996:recommendations (standards) 6804:"JVT document archive site" 6666:10.1016/j.image.2004.06.003 4684:"Introducing HEIF and HEVC" 4451:, a video coding design by 4437:, a video coding design by 4427:, a video coding design by 4397: 4177: 4138:Predictive lossless coding 4100:Largest sample depth (bit) 2610:Predictive lossless coding 1673: 1363: 729: 494:The H.264 name follows the 415:, Web software such as the 10: 12577: 12511:High-definition television 9280:High-definition television 9141:Part 4: Reference Software 9022:Part 11: Scene description 8925:Part 1: Systems (H.222.0) 8712:Comparison of video codecs 7222:(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1) 6858:. Moscow State University. 4256: 4181: 3818:Multiple reference frames 3656:to use only open formats. 3588:) and 1,080 samples high ( 2304:Multiple reference frames 1824:Scalable High Profile (86) 1242: 864: 858: 539:Video Coding Experts Group 527: 363:Video Coding Experts Group 284:video compression standard 18: 12484: 12436:ITU-R 468 noise weighting 12428: 12389: 12288: 12038: 12001: 11942: 11866: 11592: 10744: 9693: 9675: 9615: 9579: 9469: 9448: 9412: 9376: 9344: 9298: 9272: 9222: 9201: 9185: 9154: 9118: 9097: 9076: 9060: 9047:Part 22: Open Font Format 8986: 8918: 8866: 8780: 8725: 8699: 8544: 8518: 8372: 8349: 8321: 8298: 8233: 8224: 8139: 8020: 8009: 7801: 7753: 7730: 7702: 7644: 7606: 7521: 7420: 7409: 7237: 7206: 7157: 7119: 7067: 6950: 6939: 6701:10.1109/jproc.2004.839617 6615:10.1109/MCAS.2004.1286980 6529:10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815165 6334:"AVC/H.264 – Patent List" 5285:. MPEG-LA. Archived from 5255:"AVC/H.264 – Patent List" 4859:. ITU. September 13, 2005 4711:Ozer, Jan (May 8, 2023), 4658:10.1109/TCSVT.2006.871390 4406:, a standard designed by 4213:Consumer Electronics Show 3350:Decoded picture buffering 2700:Toggle additional details 2643: 2337:In-loop deblocking filter 1855:Stereo High Profile (128) 1703:Extended Profile (XP, 88) 1696:Baseline Profile (BP, 66) 1587:Network Abstraction Layer 1575:Exponential-Golomb coding 1469:discrete cosine transform 1358: 691:Network Abstraction Layer 658:discrete cosine transform 614:free-viewpoint television 489: 466:formerly administered by 316:discrete cosine transform 286:based on block-oriented, 235: 225: 215: 200: 173: 155: 137: 120: 105: 97: 89: 84: 12016:List of ITU letter codes 9032:Part 14: MP4 file format 6187:"Intel Quick Sync Video" 5969:"Firefox — Notes (35.0)" 5495:. Sony. October 30, 2012 5467:. Sony. October 30, 2012 5123:. ITU. February 13, 2016 5101:. ITU. November 28, 2014 4928:. ITU. November 22, 2007 4243:Imagination Technologies 4054:Extended chroma formats 2698:(maximum stored frames) 1727:HDTV broadcast service). 1383:inter-picture prediction 865:Part of this section is 563:Heinrich Hertz Institute 320:inter-picture prediction 126:22 August 2021 109:17 August 2004 9172:Part 3: MPEG-H 3D Audio 8536:Alliance for Open Media 6878:Moscow State University 6689:Proceedings of the IEEE 6154:, Retrieved 2011-06-22. 6142:, Retrieved 2011-06-22. 6130:, Retrieved 2019-06-05. 6118:, Retrieved 2019-06-05. 6106:, Retrieved 2019-06-05. 5776:. Apple. Archived from 5145:. ITU. October 14, 2016 5047:. ITU. January 13, 2012 4950:. ITU. January 13, 2009 4729:"ITU-T Recommendations" 4469:Alliance for Open Media 1723:storage format and the 1716:High Profile (HiP, 100) 458:H.264 is restricted by 274:), also referred to as 7456:MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3) 6338:Via Licensing Alliance 5601:. Sony. Archived from 5572:. Sony. Archived from 4475:Versatile Video Coding 4217:Intel Quick Sync Video 3681:Simplified BSD license 3625: 3357:decoded picture buffer 2685:(Constrained Baseline, 2144:Redundant slices (RS) 1876:MFC High Profile (134) 1845:Multiview Video Coding 1571:variable length coding 1373: 1372:Block diagram of H.264 930:Godo Kaisha IP Bridge 778:Multiview Video Coding 707:Multiview Video Coding 701:Multiview video coding 606:Multiview Video Coding 602:RWTH Aachen University 472:Via Licensing Alliance 264: 12536:ITU-T recommendations 9285:High-definition video 9105:Part 1: MPEG Surround 8941:Part 2: Video (H.262) 8474:QuickTime File Format 6860:(dated December 2007) 5283:"AVC/H.264 Licensors" 4975:. ITU. March 16, 2009 3894:CABAC entropy coding 3667:On October 30, 2013, 3619: 3594:floor(32768/(120*68)) 3590:FrameHeightInMbs = 68 1801:Scalable Video Coding 1709:Main Profile (MP, 77) 1371: 1243:Further information: 915:Panasonic Corporation 859:Further information: 764:Scalable Video Coding 695:Scalable Video Coding 674:Scalable Video Coding 668:Scalable video coding 594:Scalable Video Coding 421:Microsoft Silverlight 338:packet networks, and 268:Advanced Video Coding 262: 9336:8640p (16K Ultra HD) 9267:High-definition (HD) 8733:Compression software 8290:MPEG media transport 7367:Sorenson Video/Spark 6477:; and bloomberg.com 6257:"Briefing portfolio" 5550:on November 19, 2012 5076:. ITU. June 12, 2013 5025:. ITU. June 29, 2011 5000:. ITU. March 9, 2010 4906:. ITU. April 6, 2007 4884:. ITU. June 13, 2006 4837:. ITU. March 1, 2005 4717:, StreamingMedia.com 4441:(later purchased by 2696:@ highest frame rate 2405:CABAC entropy coding 2371:CAVLC entropy coding 1401:Variable block-size 9449:Filming and storage 9331:4320p (8K Ultra HD) 9326:2160p (4K Ultra HD) 9146:Part 5: Conformance 8731:for techniques and 8729:Compression methods 7225:HDR Vivid(GY/T 358) 6564:2004SPIE.5558..454S 6371:on November 7, 2013 5879:on October 30, 2021 5675:10.1007/11553595_71 5346:on November 9, 2017 5228:. August 22, 2021. 4793:. ITU. May 30, 2003 4445:), released in 2008 4305:Columbia University 4267:In countries where 4199:The 2nd generation 3714: 3659:On March 18, 2012, 3630:HTML5 working group 3586:PicWidthInMbs = 120 2657: 1843:As a result of the 1799:As a result of the 1403:motion compensation 1141:Samsung Electronics 1111:Mitsubishi Electric 896: 584:, and Ajay Luthra ( 574:ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 537:In early 1998, the 423:, and also various 196:(aka MPEG-4 Part 2) 81: 12336:H.262/MPEG-2 Video 9669:by standard number 6887:"SMPTE QuickGuide" 6869:(dated April 2009) 6209:"Design-reuse.com" 6067:. October 30, 2013 6045:. October 27, 2013 5901:. January 11, 2011 5799:Karsten Suehring. 4815:. ITU. May 7, 2004 4491:Intra-frame coding 4471:, released in 2018 4455:, released in 2013 4431:, released in 2008 4410:and approved as a 4194:multi-screen video 3712: 3626: 2689:and Main Profiles) 2687:Baseline, Extended 2683:coding layer (VCL) 2681:bit rate for video 2655: 2176:Data Partitioning 1849:multiview profiles 1554:design including: 1524:half-macroblocks). 1494:Hadamard transform 1411:chroma subsampling 1398:" (B-frames), two. 1374: 1080:Video Compression 1046:Fraunhofer Society 961:Dolby Laboratories 894: 626:high dynamic range 612:and limited-range 447:), and satellite ( 417:Adobe Flash Player 401:Amazon Prime Video 369:together with the 288:motion-compensated 265: 79: 12526:Video compression 12498: 12497: 12351:H.265/MPEG-H HEVC 11960: 11959: 9683:ISO romanizations 9631: 9630: 9377:Digital broadcast 9234: 9233: 8966:MPEG Multichannel 8740: 8739: 8514: 8513: 8432:DivX Media Format 8220: 8219: 8005: 8004: 7405: 7404: 7295:Microsoft Video 1 7230:AVS3 P2(GY/T 368) 7216:(GB/T 20090.2/16) 6810:on August 8, 2010 6572:10.1117/12.564457 5947:hacks.mozilla.org 5685:978-3-540-28869-5 5410:on August 7, 2011 5378:on August 7, 2011 5198:. June 13, 2019. 4622:on March 25, 2021 4600:. September 2019. 4580:. September 2019. 4486:Group of pictures 4414:standard in 2006 4359:(1,197 patents), 4175: 4174: 4072:4:4:4 3708:Software encoders 3581: 3580: 3341: 3340: 2641: 2640: 2208:SI and SP slices 1805:scalable profiles 1633:alpha compositing 1545:deblocking filter 1345:frames per second 1236: 1235: 499:naming convention 349:lossy compression 257: 256: 220:Video compression 201:Related standards 75: 74: 54:length guidelines 12568: 12493: 12371:H.323 Gatekeeper 12356:H.266/MPEG-I VVC 12346:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC 12289:H series (ITU-T) 12039:G series (ITU-T) 11987: 11980: 11973: 11964: 11963: 11950: 11949: 9670: 9658: 9651: 9644: 9635: 9634: 9556:Ultra HD Blu-ray 9368:MUSE (Hi-Vision) 9351: 9346:Analog broadcast 9261: 9254: 9247: 9238: 9237: 8929:Transport stream 8873:Part 1: Systems 8767: 8760: 8753: 8744: 8743: 8506:VOB, IFO and BUP 8280:Motion JPEG 2000 8231: 8230: 8018: 8017: 7977:aptX Low Latency 7754:Chinese Standard 7418: 7417: 7207:Chinese Standard 6979:Motion JPEG 2000 6948: 6947: 6918: 6911: 6904: 6895: 6894: 6890: 6882:(dated May 2010) 6881: 6868: 6867:. April 3, 2009. 6859: 6851: 6849: 6847: 6835: 6833: 6831: 6826:. Thomas Wiegand 6819: 6817: 6815: 6806:. Archived from 6799: 6797: 6795: 6780: 6757: 6756: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6731:. Vcodex Limited 6719: 6717: 6715: 6686: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6651: 6641: 6639: 6637: 6631: 6625:. Archived from 6600: 6590: 6588: 6586: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6535: 6514: 6495: 6494: 6487: 6481: 6463: 6452: 6450: 6448: 6446: 6436: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6410: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6399: 6387: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6376: 6370: 6363: 6355: 6349: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6330: 6321: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6300: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6289: 6280:. Archived from 6274: 6268: 6267: 6261: 6253: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6237:on July 17, 2011 6227: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6205: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6183: 6177: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6161: 6155: 6149: 6143: 6137: 6131: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6094: 6083: 6077: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6061: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6033: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6022: 6012: 6003: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5983: 5977: 5976: 5965: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5954: 5939: 5933: 5932: 5930: 5928: 5923:. March 18, 2012 5917: 5911: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5895: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5869: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5827: 5819: 5813: 5812: 5810: 5808: 5796: 5790: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5780:on March 7, 2010 5769: 5763: 5760: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5739: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5696: 5690: 5689: 5677: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5636: 5627: 5618: 5617: 5615: 5613: 5608:on April 2, 2015 5607: 5600: 5592: 5586: 5585: 5583: 5581: 5576:on March 8, 2013 5566: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5549: 5542: 5534: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5511: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5500: 5494: 5486: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5472: 5461: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5447: 5442:on July 26, 2011 5441: 5435:. Archived from 5434: 5426: 5420: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5409: 5403:. Archived from 5402: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5385: 5383: 5377: 5371:. Archived from 5370: 5362: 5356: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5342:. Archived from 5332: 5326: 5325: 5322:10.17487/RFC3984 5314:Ietf Datatracker 5305: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5294: 5279: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5259: 5251: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5188: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5166: 5155: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5095: 5086: 5085: 5083: 5081: 5070: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5052: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5019: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5005: 4994: 4985: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4969: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4955: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4922: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4900: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4889: 4878: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4853: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4831: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4820: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4787: 4781: 4774:Joint Video Team 4771: 4765: 4764: 4762: 4760: 4750: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4725: 4719: 4718: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4699: 4697: 4688: 4679: 4670: 4669: 4641: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4618:. Archived from 4608: 4602: 4601: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4573: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4535: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4511: 4439:On2 Technologies 4382:In October 2023 3715: 3711: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3517: 3407: 3406: 3401: 3399:FrameHeightInMbs 3395: 3389: 3380: 3377:FrameHeightInMbs 2669:(macroblocks/s) 2658: 2654: 1910: 1909: 1577:(or Exp-Golomb). 1223:(ETRI) of Korea 906:Expired patents 897: 893: 884: 841:hybrid log–gamma 630:wide color gamut 522:VLC media player 253: 250: 248: 246: 244: 242: 133: 131: 116: 114: 82: 78: 70: 67: 61: 52:Please read the 38: 37: 30: 12576: 12575: 12571: 12570: 12569: 12567: 12566: 12565: 12501: 12500: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12480: 12441:ITU-R BS.1534-1 12424: 12385: 12284: 12034: 12018: 11997: 11991: 11961: 11956: 11938: 11862: 11588: 10740: 9689: 9671: 9668: 9662: 9632: 9627: 9611: 9575: 9472: 9465: 9444: 9408: 9372: 9358:819 line system 9349: 9348: 9340: 9321:1440p (Quad HD) 9316:1080p (Full HD) 9311:1080i (Full HD) 9294: 9268: 9265: 9235: 9230: 9218: 9197: 9181: 9150: 9114: 9093: 9072: 9056: 8982: 8914: 8862: 8776: 8771: 8741: 8736: 8721: 8695: 8540: 8510: 8368: 8345: 8317: 8294: 8216: 8135: 8033: 8012: 8001: 7797: 7769:(GB/T 33475.3) 7763:(GB/T 20090.10) 7749: 7726: 7698: 7640: 7602: 7517: 7513:MPEG-H 3D Audio 7439:MPEG-1 Layer II 7429: 7412: 7401: 7233: 7202: 7153: 7115: 7063: 6959: 6942: 6935: 6922: 6885: 6872: 6863: 6854: 6845: 6843: 6838: 6829: 6827: 6822: 6813: 6811: 6802: 6793: 6791: 6783: 6771: 6752: 6751: 6748: 6743: 6734: 6732: 6713: 6711: 6684: 6670: 6668: 6649: 6635: 6633: 6632:on July 6, 2017 6629: 6598: 6584: 6582: 6547: 6533: 6531: 6512: 6503: 6501:Further reading 6498: 6489: 6488: 6484: 6464: 6455: 6444: 6442: 6438: 6437: 6433: 6423: 6421: 6412: 6411: 6407: 6397: 6395: 6388: 6384: 6374: 6372: 6368: 6361: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6342: 6340: 6332: 6331: 6324: 6314: 6312: 6302: 6301: 6297: 6287: 6285: 6284:on May 11, 2010 6276: 6275: 6271: 6259: 6255: 6254: 6250: 6240: 6238: 6229: 6228: 6224: 6214: 6212: 6207: 6206: 6202: 6192: 6190: 6185: 6184: 6180: 6170: 6168: 6163: 6162: 6158: 6150: 6146: 6138: 6134: 6126: 6122: 6114: 6110: 6102: 6098: 6085: 6084: 6080: 6070: 6068: 6063: 6062: 6058: 6048: 6046: 6035: 6034: 6030: 6020: 6018: 6014: 6013: 6006: 5996: 5994: 5993:on July 6, 2015 5985: 5984: 5980: 5967: 5966: 5962: 5952: 5950: 5941: 5940: 5936: 5926: 5924: 5919: 5918: 5914: 5904: 5902: 5897: 5896: 5892: 5882: 5880: 5871: 5870: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5845: 5844: 5840: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5821: 5820: 5816: 5806: 5804: 5803:. Iphome.hhi.de 5797: 5793: 5783: 5781: 5770: 5766: 5761: 5752: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5733: 5732: 5728: 5721: 5697: 5693: 5686: 5662: 5658: 5648: 5646: 5634: 5628: 5621: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5598: 5594: 5593: 5589: 5579: 5577: 5568: 5567: 5563: 5553: 5551: 5547: 5540: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5521: 5519: 5512: 5508: 5498: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5487: 5480: 5470: 5468: 5463: 5462: 5455: 5445: 5443: 5439: 5432: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5413: 5411: 5407: 5400: 5396: 5395: 5391: 5381: 5379: 5375: 5368: 5364: 5363: 5359: 5349: 5347: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5306: 5302: 5292: 5290: 5289:on May 30, 2015 5281: 5280: 5276: 5266: 5264: 5257: 5253: 5252: 5245: 5235: 5233: 5220: 5219: 5215: 5205: 5203: 5190: 5189: 5185: 5175: 5173: 5168: 5167: 5158: 5148: 5146: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5126: 5124: 5119: 5118: 5114: 5104: 5102: 5097: 5096: 5089: 5079: 5077: 5072: 5071: 5060: 5050: 5048: 5043: 5042: 5038: 5028: 5026: 5021: 5020: 5013: 5003: 5001: 4996: 4995: 4988: 4978: 4976: 4971: 4970: 4963: 4953: 4951: 4946: 4945: 4941: 4931: 4929: 4924: 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9612: 9610: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9583: 9581: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9551:Super Audio CD 9548: 9543: 9541:MUSE LaserDisc 9538: 9533: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9513: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9483: 9477: 9475: 9467: 9466: 9464: 9463: 9458: 9452: 9450: 9446: 9445: 9443: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9425:Surround sound 9422: 9416: 9414: 9410: 9409: 9407: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9380: 9378: 9374: 9373: 9371: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9354: 9352: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9302: 9300: 9296: 9295: 9293: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9276: 9274: 9270: 9269: 9264: 9263: 9256: 9249: 9241: 9232: 9231: 9226: 9224: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9216: 9211: 9205: 9203: 9199: 9198: 9196: 9195: 9189: 9187: 9183: 9182: 9180: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9158: 9156: 9152: 9151: 9149: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9122: 9120: 9116: 9115: 9113: 9112: 9107: 9101: 9099: 9095: 9094: 9092: 9091: 9086: 9080: 9078: 9074: 9073: 9071: 9070: 9064: 9062: 9058: 9057: 9055: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9042:Part 20: LASeR 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 9003: 9002: 8990: 8988: 8984: 8983: 8981: 8980: 8975: 8973:Part 6: DSM CC 8970: 8969: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8943: 8938: 8937: 8936: 8934:Program stream 8931: 8922: 8920: 8916: 8915: 8913: 8912: 8911: 8910: 8905: 8900: 8894:Part 3: Audio 8892: 8891: 8890: 8883:Part 2: Video 8881: 8880: 8879: 8877:Program stream 8870: 8868: 8864: 8863: 8861: 8860: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8842: 8839: 8836: 8831: 8828: 8823: 8820: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8781: 8778: 8777: 8770: 8769: 8762: 8755: 8747: 8738: 8737: 8726: 8723: 8722: 8720: 8719: 8717:List of codecs 8714: 8709: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8696: 8694: 8693: 8692: 8691: 8690: 8689: 8684: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8654: 8653: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8627: 8626: 8625: 8620: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8599: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8573: 8572: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8550: 8548: 8542: 8541: 8539: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8522: 8520: 8519:Collaborations 8516: 8515: 8512: 8511: 8509: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8497: 8496: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8470: 8469: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8423: 8422: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8376: 8374: 8370: 8369: 8367: 8366: 8361: 8355: 8353: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8327: 8325: 8319: 8318: 8316: 8315: 8310: 8304: 8302: 8296: 8295: 8293: 8292: 8287: 8285:MPEG-21 Part 9 8282: 8277: 8274:MPEG-4 Part 14 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8255: 8254: 8243: 8241: 8228: 8222: 8221: 8218: 8217: 8215: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8143: 8141: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8047: 8045: 8015: 8007: 8006: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7933: 7932: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7854:Monkey's Audio 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7805: 7803: 7799: 7798: 7796: 7795: 7794:(SJ/T 11299.4) 7789: 7784: 7778: 7777: 7776: 7764: 7757: 7755: 7751: 7750: 7748: 7747: 7742: 7736: 7734: 7728: 7727: 7725: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7708: 7706: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7650: 7648: 7642: 7641: 7639: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7612: 7610: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7544: 7543: 7538: 7527: 7525: 7519: 7518: 7516: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7474: 7473: 7468: 7458: 7453: 7451:MPEG-1 Layer I 7448: 7447: 7446: 7435: 7433: 7415: 7407: 7406: 7403: 7402: 7400: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7343: 7342: 7337: 7329: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7241: 7239: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7231: 7228: 7227: 7226: 7217: 7210: 7208: 7204: 7203: 7201: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7164: 7162: 7155: 7154: 7152: 7151: 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Detlev Marpe 6840:"Publications" 6836: 6824:"Publications" 6820: 6800: 6781: 6769: 6764: 6758: 6747: 6746:External links 6744: 6742: 6741: 6720: 6677: 6660:(9): 793–849. 6642: 6591: 6540: 6523:(7): 560–576. 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6496: 6482: 6453: 6431: 6420:on May 7, 2010 6405: 6382: 6350: 6322: 6295: 6269: 6264:www.mpegla.com 6248: 6222: 6200: 6178: 6156: 6144: 6132: 6120: 6108: 6096: 6078: 6056: 6028: 6004: 5978: 5960: 5934: 5912: 5890: 5864: 5853:. July 6, 2009 5838: 5814: 5791: 5764: 5750: 5726: 5719: 5691: 5684: 5656: 5619: 5587: 5561: 5529: 5506: 5478: 5453: 5421: 5389: 5357: 5327: 5300: 5274: 5243: 5213: 5183: 5156: 5134: 5112: 5087: 5058: 5036: 5011: 4986: 4961: 4939: 4917: 4895: 4870: 4848: 4826: 4804: 4782: 4766: 4745: 4720: 4703: 4671: 4652:(4): 547–552. 4633: 4603: 4583: 4560: 4530: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4499: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4472: 4462: 4456: 4446: 4432: 4422: 4421: 4420: 4399: 4396: 4365:LG Electronics 4325:LG Electronics 4254: 4251: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4135: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4125: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4093: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4073: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4004: 4001: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3967: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3939: 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3081: 3064: 3061: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3050: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3020: 3019: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2994: 2993: 2976: 2973: 2970: 2967: 2963: 2962: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2927: 2926: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2891: 2890: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2865: 2864: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2838: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2813: 2812: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2791: 2787: 2786: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2755: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2730: 2729: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2704: 2703: 2699: 2692: 2677: 2676:(macroblocks) 2670: 2667:decoding speed 2663: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2435: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2401: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2367: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2269: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2237: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2205: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2173: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2073: 2072: 2065: 2058: 2052: 2046: 2040: 2034: 2028: 2022: 2016: 2009: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1974: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1942: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1907: 1904: 1903: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1886: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1877: 1870: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1856: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1797: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1764: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1717: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1697: 1694: 1690: 1675: 1672: 1655: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1636: 1629: 1625: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1590: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1567: 1561: 1552:entropy coding 1548: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1536: 1530: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1509: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1465: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1447: 1433: 1429: 1418: 1414: 1399: 1381:Multi-picture 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1305: 1302: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1185: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1137: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1074: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1058: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1042: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1026: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1005: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 989: 988: 985: 982: 979: 973: 972: 969: 966: 963: 957: 956: 953: 950: 947: 945:LG Electronics 941: 940: 937: 934: 931: 927: 926: 923: 920: 917: 911: 910: 909:Total patents 907: 904: 901: 856: 855:Patent holders 853: 852: 851: 848: 844: 837: 833: 829: 826: 823: 808: 805: 802: 799: 795: 792: 788: 785: 781: 774: 770: 767: 760: 756: 753: 750: 747: 743: 740: 731: 728: 719: 716: 702: 699: 669: 666: 652:4:2:2 (a.k.a. 648: 644: 637: 634: 588:, U.S.: later 582:Thomas Wiegand 559:Thomas Wiegand 534: 531: 529: 526: 491: 488: 482:H.264 encoder 367:Study Group 16 353:lossless-coded 280:MPEG-4 Part 10 255: 254: 237: 233: 232: 227: 223: 222: 217: 213: 212: 202: 198: 197: 175: 174:Base standards 171: 170: 157: 153: 152: 139: 135: 134: 122: 121:Latest version 118: 117: 107: 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 91: 87: 86: 73: 72: 42: 40: 33: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12573: 12562: 12561:IEC standards 12559: 12557: 12554: 12552: 12551:ISO standards 12549: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12537: 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12508: 12506: 12492: 12488: 12483: 12477: 12476:ITU-R BT.2100 12474: 12472: 12471:ITU-R BT.2020 12469: 12467: 12464: 12462: 12459: 12457: 12454: 12452: 12449: 12447: 12446:ITU-R BT.1304 12444: 12442: 12439: 12437: 12434: 12433: 12431: 12427: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12403: 12401: 12398: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12388: 12382: 12379: 12377: 12374: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12354: 12352: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12319: 12317: 12314: 12312: 12309: 12307: 12304: 12302: 12299: 12297: 12294: 12293: 12291: 12287: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12229: 12226: 12225: 12224: 12221: 12219: 12216: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12203: 12202: 12199: 12197: 12194: 12192: 12189: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12177: 12174: 12172: 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12149: 12147: 12144: 12142: 12139: 12137: 12134: 12132: 12129: 12127: 12124: 12122: 12119: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12037: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12023: 12022: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12008: 12004: 12003: 12000: 11995: 11988: 11983: 11981: 11976: 11974: 11969: 11968: 11965: 11953: 11945: 11944: 11941: 11935: 11932: 11930: 11927: 11925: 11922: 11920: 11917: 11915: 11912: 11910: 11907: 11905: 11902: 11900: 11897: 11895: 11892: 11890: 11887: 11885: 11882: 11880: 11877: 11875: 11872: 11871: 11869: 11865: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11843: 11841: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11823: 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11459: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11448: 11445: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11310: 11308: 11305: 11303: 11300: 11296: 11293: 11292: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11245: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11129: 11127: 11124: 11123: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11109: 11107: 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10384: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10170: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10011: 10008: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9943: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9904: 9901: 9900: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9748: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9698: 9696: 9692: 9688: 9687:IEC standards 9684: 9680: 9679:ISO standards 9674: 9666: 9659: 9654: 9652: 9647: 9645: 9640: 9639: 9636: 9624: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9614: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9584: 9582: 9578: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9481:Archival Disc 9479: 9478: 9476: 9474: 9468: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9453: 9451: 9447: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9420:Dolby Digital 9418: 9417: 9415: 9411: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9381: 9379: 9375: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9353: 9350:(All defunct) 9347: 9343: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9303: 9301: 9297: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9277: 9275: 9271: 9262: 9257: 9255: 9250: 9248: 9243: 9242: 9239: 9229: 9225: 9221: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9206: 9204: 9200: 9194: 9191: 9190: 9188: 9184: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9159: 9157: 9153: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9123: 9121: 9117: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9102: 9100: 9096: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9081: 9079: 9077:MPEG-21 Parts 9075: 9069: 9066: 9065: 9063: 9059: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9007:Part 3: Audio 9005: 9001: 8997: 8996: 8995: 8994:Part 2: Video 8992: 8991: 8989: 8985: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8948: 8947: 8946:Part 3: Audio 8944: 8942: 8939: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8926: 8924: 8923: 8921: 8917: 8909: 8906: 8904: 8901: 8899: 8896: 8895: 8893: 8889: 8885: 8884: 8882: 8878: 8875: 8874: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8865: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8843: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8782: 8779: 8775: 8768: 8763: 8761: 8756: 8754: 8749: 8748: 8745: 8734: 8730: 8724: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8702: 8698: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8679: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8659: 8658: 8655: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8632: 8631: 8628: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8615: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8578: 8577: 8574: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8556: 8555: 8552: 8551: 8549: 8547: 8543: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8523: 8521: 8517: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8495: 8492: 8491: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8468: 8465: 8464: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8421: 8418: 8417: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8377: 8375: 8371: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8356: 8354: 8352: 8348: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8324: 8320: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8301: 8297: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8253: 8250: 8249: 8248: 8245: 8244: 8242: 8240: 8236: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8223: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8144: 8142: 8138: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8051:CCITT Group 4 8049: 8048: 8046: 8044: 8040: 8036: 8031: 8027: 8023: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8008: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7982:aptX Adaptive 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7930: 7929: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7806: 7804: 7800: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7782: 7779: 7774: 7771: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7762: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7752: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7737: 7735: 7733: 7732:Bluetooth SIG 7729: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7709: 7707: 7705: 7701: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7651: 7649: 7647: 7643: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7605: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7533: 7532: 7529: 7528: 7526: 7524: 7520: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7478:MPEG Surround 7476: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7463: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7440: 7437: 7436: 7434: 7432: 7427: 7423: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7408: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7236: 7229: 7224: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7205: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7156: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7126: 7124: 7122: 7118: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7070: 7066: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7049: 7048: 7045: 7041: 7038: 7037: 7036: 7033: 7029: 7028:Part 2 / HEVC 7026: 7025: 7024: 7021: 7017: 7016:Part 33 / IVC 7014: 7012: 7011:Part 10 / AVC 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7002: 6999: 6995: 6992: 6991: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6962: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6938: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6919: 6914: 6912: 6907: 6905: 6900: 6899: 6896: 6888: 6884: 6879: 6875: 6871: 6866: 6862: 6857: 6853: 6841: 6837: 6825: 6821: 6809: 6805: 6801: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763:Doom9's Forum 6762: 6759: 6755: 6750: 6749: 6730: 6726: 6721: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6683: 6678: 6667: 6663: 6659: 6655: 6648: 6643: 6628: 6624: 6620: 6616: 6612: 6608: 6604: 6597: 6592: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6546: 6541: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6511: 6506: 6505: 6492: 6486: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6468: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6441: 6435: 6419: 6415: 6409: 6393: 6386: 6367: 6360: 6354: 6339: 6335: 6329: 6327: 6311: 6310: 6305: 6299: 6283: 6279: 6273: 6265: 6258: 6252: 6236: 6232: 6226: 6210: 6204: 6188: 6182: 6166: 6160: 6153: 6148: 6141: 6136: 6129: 6124: 6117: 6112: 6105: 6100: 6092: 6088: 6082: 6066: 6060: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6032: 6021:September 26, 6017: 6011: 6009: 5992: 5988: 5982: 5974: 5970: 5964: 5948: 5944: 5938: 5922: 5916: 5900: 5894: 5878: 5874: 5868: 5852: 5848: 5842: 5824: 5818: 5802: 5795: 5779: 5775: 5768: 5762:RFC 3984, p.3 5759: 5757: 5755: 5736: 5730: 5722: 5720:9780080464640 5716: 5712: 5708: 5707: 5702: 5695: 5687: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5667: 5660: 5644: 5640: 5633: 5626: 5624: 5604: 5597: 5591: 5575: 5571: 5565: 5546: 5539: 5533: 5517: 5510: 5491: 5485: 5483: 5466: 5460: 5458: 5438: 5431: 5425: 5406: 5399: 5393: 5374: 5367: 5361: 5345: 5341: 5340:Sony eSupport 5337: 5331: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5304: 5288: 5284: 5278: 5263: 5256: 5250: 5248: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5217: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5187: 5171: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5144: 5138: 5122: 5116: 5100: 5094: 5092: 5075: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5063: 5046: 5040: 5024: 5018: 5016: 4999: 4993: 4991: 4974: 4968: 4966: 4949: 4943: 4927: 4921: 4905: 4899: 4883: 4877: 4875: 4858: 4852: 4836: 4830: 4814: 4808: 4792: 4786: 4779: 4775: 4770: 4755: 4749: 4734: 4730: 4724: 4716: 4715: 4707: 4692: 4685: 4678: 4676: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4640: 4638: 4621: 4617: 4613: 4607: 4599: 4598: 4593: 4587: 4579: 4578: 4570: 4564: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4518: 4517: 4510: 4506: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4457: 4454: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4433: 4430: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4395: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4273: 4270: 4264: 4260: 4250: 4246: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4231: 4229: 4225: 4220: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4209:Core i3/i5/i7 4206: 4202: 4197: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4155: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4098: 4094: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4077: 4074: 4065: 4062: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4033: 4030: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4007: 4006: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3961: 3958: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3870: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3705: 3703: 3698: 3695: 3691: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3673:Cisco Systems 3670: 3665: 3662: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3628:In 2009, the 3623: 3618: 3609: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3543: 3540: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3514: 3513: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3394: 3393:PicWidthInMbs 3388: 3378: 3374: 3373:PicWidthInMbs 3370: 3366: 3362: 3361: 3360: 3358: 3347: 3344: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3309: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3279: 3278: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3247: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3155: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3079: 3074: 3069: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3021: 3017: 3012: 3008: 3005: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2995: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2892: 2888: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2862: 2857: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2831: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2814: 2810: 2805: 2801: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2753: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2731: 2727: 2722: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2705: 2693: 2679:Maximum video 2678: 2671: 2664: 2660: 2659: 2653: 2651: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2608: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2576: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2537: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2436: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2402: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2334: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2206: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2108: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2066: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2041: 2035: 2029: 2023: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2010: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1980:(per sample) 1979: 1976: 1975: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1912: 1911: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1889: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1852: 1850: 1846: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1772: 1771: 1769: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1715: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1659: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1584: 1583: 1581: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1555: 1553: 1549: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1526: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1484: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1463: 1458: 1454: 1448: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1436:Quarter-pixel 1434: 1430: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1386: 1384: 1380: 1379: 1378: 1370: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1341:4K resolution 1338: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1301: 1299: 1294: 1292: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1260: 1258: 1253: 1252:MPEG-2 Part 2 1246: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1108: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1092: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1010: 1007: 1006: 1002: 999: 996: 994: 991: 990: 986: 983: 980: 978: 975: 974: 970: 967: 964: 962: 959: 958: 954: 951: 948: 946: 943: 942: 938: 935: 932: 929: 928: 924: 921: 918: 916: 913: 912: 908: 905: 902: 900:Organization 899: 898: 892: 891:patent pool. 890: 882: 878: 872: 868: 862: 849: 845: 842: 838: 834: 830: 827: 824: 821: 817: 813: 809: 806: 803: 800: 796: 793: 789: 786: 782: 779: 775: 771: 768: 765: 761: 757: 754: 751: 748: 744: 741: 738: 737: 736: 727: 725: 715: 712: 708: 698: 696: 692: 687: 683: 679: 675: 665: 661: 659: 655: 651: 633: 631: 627: 623: 617: 615: 611: 610:3D television 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 578:Gary Sullivan 575: 571: 566: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 547:Gary Sullivan 544: 540: 525: 523: 519: 515: 512: 508: 504: 500: 497: 487: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 389:Blu-ray Discs 385: 383: 379: 375: 372: 371:ISO/IEC JTC 1 368: 364: 361: 356: 354: 350: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 312:MPEG-4 Part 2 309: 305: 301: 296: 294: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 261: 252: 238: 234: 231: 228: 224: 221: 218: 214: 210: 206: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 176: 172: 169: 165: 161: 158: 154: 151: 147: 143: 140: 136: 123: 119: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 88: 83: 77: 69: 59: 55: 49: 47: 41: 32: 31: 26: 22: 12521:Video codecs 12486: 12466:ITU-R BT.709 12461:ITU-R BT.601 12345: 12020: 12019: 12006: 12005: 11805:27000 series 11140: 9561:Uncompressed 9510: 9471:HD media and 9202:MPEG-5 Parts 9186:MPEG-I Parts 9155:MPEG-H Parts 9136:Part 3: APIs 9119:MPEG-G Parts 9098:MPEG-D Parts 9061:MPEG-7 Parts 9016: 9012:Part 6: DMIF 8987:MPEG-4 Parts 8919:MPEG-2 Parts 8867:MPEG-1 Parts 7783:(GB/T 22726) 7444:Multichannel 7300:MSU Lossless 7214:AVS1 P2/AVS+ 7168:TrueMotion S 7106:H.265 / HEVC 7100: 7052:Part 1 / EVC 7040:Part 3 / VVC 7006:Part 2 / ASP 6844:. Retrieved 6828:. Retrieved 6812:. Retrieved 6808:the original 6792:. Retrieved 6788: 6776: 6733:. Retrieved 6728: 6712:. Retrieved 6695:(1): 18–31. 6692: 6688: 6669:. Retrieved 6657: 6653: 6634:. Retrieved 6627:the original 6606: 6602: 6583:. Retrieved 6555: 6551: 6532:. Retrieved 6520: 6516: 6491:"nokia h264" 6485: 6443:. Retrieved 6434: 6422:. Retrieved 6418:the original 6408: 6396:. Retrieved 6385: 6373:. Retrieved 6366:the original 6353: 6341:. Retrieved 6337: 6313:. Retrieved 6307: 6298: 6286:. Retrieved 6282:the original 6272: 6263: 6251: 6239:. Retrieved 6235:the original 6225: 6213:. Retrieved 6203: 6191:. Retrieved 6181: 6169:. Retrieved 6159: 6147: 6135: 6123: 6111: 6099: 6090: 6081: 6069:. Retrieved 6059: 6049:November 21, 6047:. Retrieved 6040: 6031: 6019:. Retrieved 5995:. Retrieved 5991:the original 5981: 5972: 5963: 5951:. Retrieved 5946: 5937: 5925:. Retrieved 5915: 5903:. Retrieved 5893: 5881:. Retrieved 5877:the original 5867: 5855:. 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