225:
49:
783:
627:
1273:
levied and naval officers were paid for bringing "successful" cases led to abuses. There was no trial by jury, and evidence standards were lower than in criminal courts, the latter requiring proof "beyond reasonable doubt". The government's objective was to improve the effectiveness of revenue and excise tax laws. In many past instances, smugglers would avoid taxes. Even when they were caught and brought to trial, local judges frequently acquitted the popular local merchants whom they perceived as being unfairly accused by an unpopular tax collector.
1159:. The court shares the building with other divisional courts of the King's Bench and Chancery Divisions. As well as its London location, where most cases (including those with an international element) are heard after being started or transferred there, claims can be issued and heard at any of the following regional court centres:
658:. At first, it was not specifically a court of law, but was the centre of royal power and national administration in England, consisting of the King, together with his advisors, courtiers, and administrators. At an unknown point, another court, independent of the King's personal presence, grew out of the
1031:), aimed to rid the perception this created that the court was not equal to others in the King's Bench Division. When opening the new court, Dyson said the new changes were "of real significance", and included technological advancements to aid the court's running, such as a centralised listing system.
600:
Specialised courts of the King's Bench
Division include the Administrative Court, Technology and Construction Court, Commercial Court, and the Admiralty Court. The specialised judges and procedures of these courts are tailored to their type of business, but they are not essentially different from any
1210:
of
England. The Lord High Admiral directly appointed judges to the court, and could remove them at will. This was amended from 1673, with appointments falling within the purview of the Crown, and from 1689 judges also received an annual stipend and a degree of tenure, holding their positions subject
1057:
also led to fewer disputes going before the court, but did give the court a new role in enforcing adjudication decisions. The
Construction Act gives parties to a "construction contract" a right to refer matters to adjudicators, with the aim of aiding cash flow in the construction sector by allowing
891:
and the business community for a tribunal or court staffed by judges with knowledge and experience of commercial disputes which could determine such disputes expeditiously and economically, thereby avoiding tediously long and expensive trials with verdicts given by judges or juries unfamiliar with
811:
matters and exercises the High Court's supervisory jurisdiction over inferior courts and tribunals and other public bodies. It is generally the appropriate legal forum where the validity, but, at least in principle, not the merits of official decisions may be challenged. Generally, unless specific
725:
The King's Bench was divided into two parts: the Crown side, which had an unlimited criminal jurisdiction, both at first instance or as a court to which legal questions arising out of indictments in other courts could be referred; and the plea side, which dealt with actions of trespass, appeals of
1272:
The colonists' objections were based on several factors. The courts could try a case anywhere in the
British Empire. Cases involving New York or Boston merchants were frequently heard in Nova Scotia and sometimes even in England. The fact that judges were paid based in part on the fines that they
1086:
The work of the TCC often involves both complex legal argument and heavyweight technical issues, and as a result TCC judges try some of the most arduous and complex disputes that come before the civil courts. The sums at issue can be large, often involving millions of pounds, although there is in
959:
have maintained the
Financial List for cases which would benefit from being heard by judges with suitable expertise and experience in the financial markets or which raise issues of general importance to the financial markets. The procedure was introduced to enable fast, efficient and high quality
1069:
had a similar effect as adjudication. Such was the effect on the number of cases being brought before the TCC, extra capacity meant that TCC judges could act as judge-arbitrators, utilising their experience and knowledge while contributing to the CPR's goals in reducing litigation costs.
1082:
claims and IT disputes as well as enforcement of adjudication decisions and challenges to arbitrators’ decisions. The TCC also regularly deals with allegations of lawyers’ negligence arising in connection with planning, property, construction and other technical disputes.
979:
However, since its formation in its current guise in
October 1998, the court's jurisdiction has expanded such that many civil claims which are factually or technically complex are now heard in the TCC, beyond its traditional case load. For example, large-scale group
1449:) whereby Lord Justice Kennedy would become Vice-President of the Queen's Bench Division, with the understanding that it would be made a statutory office at an early date. Lord Bingham made the appointment in 1997. Lord Mackay's Labour successor,
782:
1087:
theory at least no minimum sum to be claimed (as, under the CPR, the court has wide powers to assert jurisdiction over claims it feels are appropriate). Cases can last several days and involve mountains of paperwork and expert evidence.
1206:. At that time there were three such courts, appointed by admirals responsible for waters to the north, south and west of England. In 1483 these local courts were amalgamated into a single High Court of Admiralty, administered by the
820:. A single judge first decides whether the matter is fit to bring to the Court, to filter out frivolous or unarguable cases, and if so, the matter is allowed to go forward to a full judicial review hearing with one or more judges.
1710:
1103:
or recorders both in London and at regional centres outside London. Since its inception, the court has been led by several judges-in-charge, a role filled by a number of pre-eminent judges in the field of construction law:
994:
The court's reputation has steadily grown over the years, such that it is now regarded as a highly capable and knowledgeable court. Its case load has dramatically increased since 1998, both in the form of traditional
942:
Eight specialist judges sit in the Court at any one time. They are drawn from a list of those authorised due to their specialist knowledge and expertise. The current Judge in Charge of the
Commercial Court is Dame
1284:
and to the new "Admiralty Court", a subset of the King's Bench
Division of the High Court. Strictly speaking, there was no longer an "Admiralty Court" as such, but the admiralty jurisdiction allocated by the
2452:
An exception was Judge
Humphrey Henchman, appointed in June 1714 by direction of the Board of Admiralty, rather than the monarch. Henchman served for six months and was removed from office in December 1714.
708:(Latin for "in the presence of the King") – for those from the King's Bench. The King's Bench, being a theoretically movable court, was excluded from hearing common pleas, which included all
1289:
was (and is) exercised by the
Admiralty Judge and other Commercial Court judges authorized to sit in admiralty cases. When these judges sat, it became convenient to call the sitting the "Admiralty Court".
895:
The commercial list was originally heard by two judges of the King's Bench Division with the appropriate knowledge and experience. As the work of the Court has expanded, eight judges now sit in the Court.
1977:
976:
in the High Court, allocate non-exhaustive categories of work to the Technology and Construction Court (TCC), principally, as the name suggests, disputes in the areas of construction and technology.
1734:
927:, dealing with the granting of freezing and other relief in aid of arbitration, challenges to arbitration awards, and enforcement of awards. The Mercantile Court also can hear most of these cases.
1671:
1631:
741:. Its justices travelled on circuit, a requirement of Magna Carta. By a legal fiction, criminal cases to be heard in the shires were set down for trial in Westminster Hall "unless before" (
1717:
2424:
1407:
The office of Vice-President of the King's Bench Division predates the separation of the division's presidency from the office of Lord Chief Justice. In 1988, the Lord Chief Justice,
1280:
of the High Court. When the PDA Division was in turn abolished and replaced by the Family Division, the "probate" and "admiralty" jurisdictions were transferred to, respectively, the
2387:
1059:
930:
It is also a major centre for international disputes. Over 70% of the court's workload involves foreign parties where the only connection with the jurisdiction is the choice of
2282:
2365:
904:
The current work of the Commercial Court entails all aspects of commercial disputes, in the fields of banking and finance, disputes over contracts and business documents,
1419:, to be Deputy Chief Justice, deputising across the range of Lane's responsibilities. The arrangement continued under Lane's successor. When Watkins retired in 1993,
1078:
The TCC deals primarily with litigation of disputes arising in the field of technology and construction. It includes building, engineering and technology disputes,
17:
1265:, these courts were given jurisdiction over a number of laws affecting the colonies. The jurisdiction was expanded in later acts of the Parliament, such as the
685:, leading, at some stage, to a separation between the hearing of matters relevant to the King and those that had no royal connection, which came to be known as
1054:
474:
2347:
1837:
1798:
333:
2122:
816:, inferior court, tribunal, local authority or other official body may be challenged by a judge with sufficient interest through the exercise of
422:
1912:
251:
1747:
988:
765:. The Court's jurisdiction passed in each case to a new High Court of Justice and specifically to the King's Bench Division of that court.
553:
1058:
disputes to be settled without the need for lengthy and costly court proceedings. Changes to the Construction Act 1996 brought in by the
1546:
1023:
with no jurisdiction per se, but which could report to judges on its findings. The new court, which was founded under the leadership of
2483:
2383:
2227:
2254:
1434:
586:
439:
405:
393:
306:
294:
121:
1046:. This meant fewer claims were issued: previously, claims had been issued as a matter of course as part of the negotiation process.
700:(later Court of Common Pleas), which met in a fixed place – and, by 1234, two distinct series of plea rolls existed:
641:
In England and Wales, the Court of King's Bench (or Court of Queen's Bench) was the name of two courts. Each was a senior court of
2369:
2488:
1438:
1343:
1277:
1207:
388:
279:
2307:
1420:
469:
444:
343:
1774:
597:, since the questions of law are considered solely on the basis of the facts found and stated by the authority under review.
1428:
832:
824:
762:
605:
410:
383:
321:
284:
239:
1194:
TCC authorised judges are also available at Leicester, Sheffield and Southampton, although claims cannot be issued there.
1450:
609:
378:
274:
102:
97:
48:
1990:
677:, referring only difficult cases to himself. The situation seemed, thereafter, to be that a central royal court, called
645:, with civil and criminal jurisdiction, and a specific jurisdiction to restrain unlawful actions by public authorities.
1643:
1262:
836:
634:
621:
2400:
1019:
The court was known until 9 October 1998 as the Official Referees' Court, a name which reflected its old status as a
427:
1521:
1254:
546:
511:
449:
350:
328:
311:
31:
697:
504:
2325:
2473:
2468:
1347:
1043:
1000:
956:
835:. Although the Administrative Court is within the King's Bench Division (reflecting the historical role of the
817:
575:
2334:
May is to replace Lord Justice Kennedy in the role. The appointment will come into effect in February 2002...
863:
that specialises on adjudicating domestic and international business disputes, with a particular emphasis on
1820:
1526:
1463:
1424:
338:
316:
626:
582:
deals with a wide range of common law cases and has supervisory responsibility over certain lower courts.
2493:
2439:
1351:
722:
were shared between the two benches. In practice pleas of the Crown were heard only in the King's Bench.
539:
208:
1238:. The plague threat having subsided by 1666, the court returned to London and until 1671 was located at
2478:
1547:"https://www.judiciary.uk/appointments-and-retirements/senior-master-of-the-kings-bench-division-cook/"
730:
of the King's Bench was styled the Lord Chief Justice of England, being the highest permanent judge of
499:
2498:
1408:
827:(i.e. with two or more judges). A divisional court of the Administrative Court usually consists of a
479:
1958:
1581:
920:, insurance and reinsurance, and commodities. The court is also the principal supervisory court for
1302:
1039:
1372:
1318:
1152:
1079:
751:
1597:
Journal of the House of Commons: volume 6: 1648–1651 (1802), pp. 136–38. Accessed 26 April 2007.
654:, which, both in character and the essence of its jurisdiction, dates back to the reign of King
2366:"Appointment of Vice-President of the Queen's Bench Division and Deputy Senior Presiding Judge"
1416:
1286:
1223:
1219:
1024:
856:
828:
769:
360:
179:
2204:
2184:
2164:
2144:
2019:
1945:
1250:
1231:
1125:
1035:
969:
931:
813:
579:
400:
301:
30:
This article is about the division of the British High Court of Justice. For other uses, see
1607:
1594:
1297:
today, admiralty jurisdiction is exercised by the High Court of Justice in England (EWHC).
1276:
In 1875, the High Court of Admiralty governing England and Wales was absorbed into the new
1133:
1066:
772:, in which many defendants were subsequently incarcerated, and to King's Bench Walk in the
608:(Civil Division); in criminal matters appeal from the Divisional Court is made only to the
1934:
8:
2269:
1516:
1475:
1469:
1384:
1378:
1137:
1095:
TCC cases are managed and heard by specialist judges in London and at centres throughout
1028:
864:
670:
355:
289:
1890:
2209:
2189:
2169:
2149:
1696:
1511:
1211:
to effective delivery of their duties rather than at the Lord High Admiral's pleasure.
1113:
1100:
1062:
are likely to see even more disputes referred to adjudication before reaching the TCC.
808:
727:
521:
256:
2100:
1218:, and from then until 1665 in Montjoy House, private premises leased from the Dean of
2386:(Press release). Courts and Tribunals Judiciary of England and Wales. 14 March 2014.
2308:"Appointments to Queen's Bench Division of the High Court and Lord Justice of Appeal"
1780:
1770:
1566:
1294:
1281:
1258:
1253:, admiralty courts became an issue that was a part of the rising tension between the
1235:
1096:
860:
840:
70:
2053:
2049:
1355:
1042:
report, the TCC's caseload dropped slightly as a result of the new Rules' focus on
876:
738:
666:
655:
630:
432:
1499:
1481:
1442:
1121:
981:
973:
844:
747:) the justice came to the county, which was where the trial actually took place.
244:
163:
92:
1869:"Acceptance of adjudication helps big cut in construction's litigation workload"
1140:(2020 to present). As at 2019, the court has seven full-time High Court judges.
1493:
1412:
1396:
1326:
1322:
1306:
1266:
1243:
1148:
1008:
985:
944:
888:
138:
84:
80:
1143:
In April 2011, the court moved its central location from its aged building in
1099:. The cases are allocated either to High Court judges, senior circuit judges,
2462:
2368:(Press release). Judiciary of England and Wales. 27 July 2011. Archived from
1390:
1310:
1298:
1129:
1117:
1109:
662:, and consisted of a number of royal judges who would hear cases themselves.
1784:
1214:
From its inception in 1483 until 1657 the court sat in a disused church in
1202:
England's admiralty courts date to at least the 1360s, during the reign of
1050:
1003:. In 2011, the court moved its central location from its aged buildings in
773:
2283:"MPs expenses: Profile of Sir Paul Kennedy, new judge of allowance claims"
1764:
1487:
1239:
1144:
1004:
924:
789:
693:
682:
650:
594:
590:
417:
216:
117:
1346:. The post of president of the King's Bench Division was created by the
2311:
1868:
1446:
1359:
1314:
1227:
1203:
1105:
743:
642:
1437:, who took over as Lord Chief Justice in 1996, made arrangements with
1842:
1215:
913:
872:
731:
516:
1644:"Admiralty and Commercial Court - Find a Court or Tribunal - GOV.UK"
1362:
was the first person to hold the office, appointed in October 2005.
1766:
The Technology and Construction Court : practice and procedure
1020:
917:
887:
The Commercial Court was set up in 1895 following demands from the
719:
715:
710:
704: – those from the Common Bench – and
2310:(Press release). Number10.gov.uk. 4 September 2008. Archived from
1976: (Technology and Construction Court 3 November 2010),
984:
claims are heard by the court, as are disputes arising out of the
996:
868:
812:
appeal processes are provided, the validity of any decision of a
637:
from 1215 until the King's Bench was abolished in England in 1875
2425:
Challenges to decisions of England and Wales magistrates' courts
1973:
Linklaters Business Services v. Sir Robert McAlpine Ltd and ors
1156:
1060:
Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009
960:
dispute resolution of claims related to the financial markets.
921:
909:
905:
761:
The English Court of King's Bench was abolished in 1875 by the
111:
2007:
1991:"New Judge in Charge of the Technology and Construction Court"
2250:
2248:
1453:, honoured the commitment in the Access to Justice Act 1999.
823:
The Administrative Court may sit with a single judge or as a
604:
Appeals from the High Court in civil matters are made to the
2384:"New Vice President of the Queen's Bench Division Appointed"
2228:"Appointment of the President of the Queen's Bench Division"
792:, Court of King's Bench: Coram Rege Roll (Easter Term, 1584)
696:
provided that there should be a court – the
673:
ordered that five judges of his household should remain in
648:
The Court of King's Bench grew out of the King's Court, or
2245:
1354:, head of the Judiciary of England and Wales and head of
714:
actions for the recovery of property or debt. Actions of
2040:
Senior, W. (1924). "The Mace of the Admiralty Court".
1595:'House of Commons Journal Volume 6: 10 February 1649'
1350:, leaving the Lord Chief Justice as president of the
1769:. Robert Akenhead. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
963:
1317:additions. The Admiralty Court is no longer in the
1246:before returning to Montjoy House near St Paul's.
788:An illuminated initial membrane, with portrait of
2255:House of Lords Debates 28 January 1999 c 1244–45.
1871:. International Construction Review. 5 April 2006
1633:History of the Commercial Court. Judiciary.gov.uk
737:The King's Bench became a fixed court sitting in
2460:
1940:. Second Edition, Second Revision. October 2010.
1278:Probate, Divorce and Admiralty (or PDA) Division
1147:to a purpose-built building on Fetter Lane, the
955:From October 2015, the Commercial Court and the
839:in exercising judicial review), judges from the
754:, from 1649 to 1660, the court was known as the
2222:
2220:
1935:"The Technology and Construction Court Guide"
1863:
1861:
1791:
1342:Until 2005, the head of the Division was the
547:
27:Division of the English High Court of Justice
2401:Vice-President of the Queen’s Bench Division
2217:
1226:in 1665, the court was briefly relocated to
847:of the High Court are also assigned to sit.
1891:"Arbitration is learning from adjudication"
1832:
1830:
807:The Administrative Court deals mainly with
1858:
1666:
1664:
1456:
1184:Manchester (full-time TCC judge available)
1163:Birmingham (full-time TCC judge available)
601:other court of the King's Bench Division.
554:
540:
252:His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service
47:
2345:
2065:
2063:
1799:"The Changing Face of Dispute Resolution"
1181:Liverpool (full-time TCC judge available)
2203:
2183:
2163:
2143:
1827:
1821:"A royal opening for the Rolls Building"
1301:applied in this court is based upon the
625:
53:Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom
18:Administrative Court (England and Wales)
2264:
2262:
2101:"Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4)"
2020:"The Technology and Construction Court"
1661:
1431:to oversee the Queen's Bench Division.
802:
593:. These are known as appeals by way of
585:It hears appeals on points of law from
14:
2461:
2280:
2095:
2093:
2060:
2039:
1648:www.find-court-tribunal.service.gov.uk
450:Justice of the peace / lay magistrates
2346:Rozenberg, Joshua (12 October 2012).
2326:"Lord Justice May to replace Kennedy"
1838:"Official Referee's Court is now TCC"
1762:
1365:
2259:
1711:"City UK Legal Services Report 2016"
916:, agency and management agreements,
768:The court gave its name to London's
763:Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873
665:It was recorded in the chronicle of
206:This article is part of the series:
2443:for an explanation of these courts.
2348:"A Who's Hughes of the number twos"
2090:
850:
610:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
379:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
275:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
153:
24:
2330:Legal Week (subscription required)
1915:. The In-House Lawyer. 9 July 2010
1913:"Adjudication: caught in the Act?"
1197:
1090:
1053:following its introduction in the
25:
2510:
2484:United Kingdom administrative law
2390:from the original on 22 May 2014.
2123:"NDS – News Distribution Service"
1402:
1034:With the introduction of the new
964:Technology and Construction Court
950:
2213:. 1 October 2013. p. 19289.
2193:. 6 October 2011. p. 19091.
2173:. 6 October 2008. p. 15222.
2153:. 5 October 2005. p. 12927.
1522:President of the Family Division
999:and through assisted methods of
855:The Commercial Court is a major
781:
726:felony, and writs of error. The
512:Law Society of England and Wales
312:President of the Family Division
223:
2446:
2394:
2376:
2358:
2339:
2318:
2300:
2281:Swaine, Jon (2 December 2009).
2274:
2197:
2177:
2157:
2137:
2115:
2081:
2072:
2033:
2012:
2001:
1983:
1965:
1927:
1905:
1883:
1813:
1756:
1741:
1727:
1703:
1073:
1007:to the newly constructed ÂŁ200m
797:
635:Court of King's Bench (England)
622:Court of King's Bench (England)
475:Director of Public Prosecutions
2489:Judiciary of England and Wales
2431:
2416:
2054:10.1080/00253359.1924.10655256
1893:. Atkinson Law. 14 August 2004
1689:
1636:
1625:
1600:
1588:
1539:
1348:Constitutional Reform Act 2005
1044:alternative dispute resolution
1001:alternative dispute resolution
667:Abbot Benedict of Peterborough
128:
13:
1:
1801:. einsidetrack. December 2010
1551:Court and Tribunals Judiciary
1532:
1332:
406:President of the King's Bench
307:President of the King's Bench
2268:Access to Justice Act 1999,
2125:. Gnn.gov.uk. 15 August 2008
2103:. Opsi.gov.uk. 24 March 2005
1527:Chancellor of the High Court
1411:, made arrangements for Sir
1337:
1249:During the period after the
1014:
882:
681:, began to sit regularly at
339:County Court Business Centre
317:Chancellor of the High Court
7:
2440:Courts of England and Wales
2008:https://tecbar.org/the-tcc/
1750:Guide to the Financial List
1505:
1352:Courts of England and Wales
1038:on 26 April 1999 following
899:
334:List of County Court venues
209:Courts of England and Wales
10:
2515:
1763:Davis, Michael E. (2006).
619:
615:
423:List of Crown Court venues
29:
1222:. In order to escape the
989:public procurement regime
937:
480:Crown Prosecution Service
193:
185:
177:
169:
159:
152:
144:
134:
127:
109:
91:
76:
66:
58:
46:
42:King's Bench Division
41:
2409:
2078:Sainty 1975, pp. 95, 131
1439:Lord Mackay of Clashfern
1435:Lord Bingham of Cornhill
217:Law of England and Wales
1457:List of vice-presidents
1421:Lord Taylor of Gosforth
1319:Royal Courts of Justice
1153:Royal Courts of Justice
1080:professional negligence
833:judge of the High Court
752:Commonwealth of England
633:, meeting place of the
269:Civil and family courts
1953:Cite journal requires
1608:"Administrative Court"
1417:Lord Justice of Appeal
1325:, having moved to the
1287:Senior Courts Act 1981
1224:Great Plague of London
829:Lord Justice of Appeal
638:
572:Queen's Bench Division
2474:Administrative courts
2469:High Court of Justice
1735:"Judges & clerks"
1723:on 29 September 2017.
1480:3 October 2011: Dame
1251:French and Indian War
1138:Dame Finola O'Farrell
1126:Antony Edwards-Stuart
1055:Construction Act 1996
1049:The proliferation of
1036:Civil Procedure Rules
970:Civil Procedure Rules
932:English and Welsh law
837:Court of King's Bench
814:minister of the crown
629:
620:Further information:
580:High Court of Justice
568:King's Bench Division
401:High Court of Justice
394:Court of Appeal judge
302:High Court of Justice
295:Court of Appeal judge
2372:on 18 December 2012.
2042:The Mariner's Mirror
1676:www.judiciary.gov.uk
1498:5 February 2020 Sir
1492:1 January 2016 Dame
1451:Lord Irvine of Lairg
1389:1 October 2013: Sir
1383:3 October 2011: Sir
1377:1 October 2008: Sir
1371:3 October 2005: Sir
1263:Proclamation of 1763
1261:. Starting with the
1128:(2013 to 2016), Sir
1124:(2010 to 2013), Sir
1067:Arbitration Act 1996
892:business practices.
803:Administrative Court
464:Criminal prosecution
2314:on 20 January 2009.
1517:Master of the Rolls
1468:February 2002: Sir
1395:23 June 2019: Dame
1220:St Paul's Cathedral
1151:, not far from the
1136:(2018 to 2020) and
1122:Mr Justice Akenhead
1029:Master of the Rolls
865:international trade
770:King's Bench Prison
587:magistrates' courts
440:Magistrates' courts
356:Court of Protection
290:Master of the Rolls
240:Ministry of Justice
180:King's Remembrancer
122:Magistrates' courts
2494:Economy of England
2210:The London Gazette
2190:The London Gazette
2170:The London Gazette
2150:The London Gazette
2087:Wiswall 1970, p.77
1697:"Commercial Court"
1512:Lord Chief Justice
1486:4 March 2014: Sir
1474:October 2008: Sir
1366:List of presidents
1344:Lord Chief Justice
1255:British Parliament
1114:Sir Rupert Jackson
1110:John Thayne Forbes
809:administrative law
728:Lord Chief Justice
639:
578:is female) of the
522:Solicitor advocate
389:Lord Chief Justice
178:Senior Master and
2479:English civil law
2332:. 9 August 2001.
1846:. 13 October 1998
1776:978-0-19-928004-9
1574:External link in
1295:England and Wales
1282:Chancery Division
1267:Stamp Act of 1765
1259:American Colonies
1236:Oxford University
1208:Lord High Admiral
1097:England and Wales
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1433:
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1230:and then to
1213:
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1074:Jurisdiction
1064:
1051:adjudication
1048:
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798:Subdivisions
774:Inner Temple
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698:Common Bench
691:
687:common pleas
686:
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351:Family Court
329:County Court
207:
148:23 June 2019
112:Appeals from
67:Jurisdiction
36:
32:King's Bench
2205:"No. 60644"
2185:"No. 59931"
2165:"No. 58843"
2145:"No. 57779"
1748:Authorised
1653:30 November
1617:29 November
1488:Nigel Davis
1476:John Thomas
1470:Anthony May
1385:John Thomas
1379:Anthony May
1145:Fetter Lane
1027:(later the
1005:Fetter Lane
925:arbitration
877:commodities
857:civil court
790:Elizabeth I
756:Upper Bench
750:During the
694:Magna Carta
683:Westminster
675:Curia Regis
660:Curia Regis
651:Curia Regis
595:case stated
591:Crown Court
500:Bar Council
418:Crown Court
189:Jeremy Cook
118:Crown Court
59:Established
2463:Categories
2292:14 October
2025:30 January
1919:30 January
1897:30 January
1875:30 January
1850:30 January
1805:30 January
1681:31 January
1672:"About Us"
1557:1 November
1533:References
1462:1997: Sir
1447:John Major
1373:Igor Judge
1360:Igor Judge
1333:Leadership
1315:common law
1257:and their
1244:The Strand
1228:Winchester
1204:Edward III
1190:Nottingham
1106:Lord Dyson
997:litigation
744:nisi prius
706:coram rege
643:common law
93:Appeals to
2048:(1): 52.
1843:The Times
1409:Lord Lane
1338:President
1303:civil law
1216:Southwark
1187:Newcastle
914:transport
873:insurance
732:the Crown
692:In 1215,
679:The Bench
574:when the
517:Solicitor
505:Barrister
186:Currently
160:Currently
135:Currently
129:President
2388:Archived
2129:13 March
2107:13 March
1785:69331809
1567:cite web
1506:See also
1021:tribunal
918:shipping
900:Function
843:and the
720:replevin
716:trespass
711:praecipe
702:de banco
671:Henry II
433:Recorder
87:, London
77:Location
1427:of the
1321:in the
1309:, with
1305:-based
1172:Chester
1169:Cardiff
1166:Bristol
1015:History
883:History
869:banking
616:History
576:monarch
2237:5 July
1783:
1773:
1612:GOV.UK
1445:under
1358:. Sir
1323:Strand
1175:Exeter
1157:London
1116:, Sir
1108:, Sir
938:Judges
922:London
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875:, and
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2410:Notes
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1781:OCLC
1771:ISBN
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1415:, a
1313:and
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