236:
Diagnosing a chimera is particularly difficult due to the random distribution of 46,XX and 46,XY cells within the body. An organ might be made up of a mix of 46,XX and 46,XY, but may or may not also be made up entirely of one genotype. When that is the case, no abnormalities are noted and other types
200:
and a zygote with an XX genotype are produced. Under normal circumstances, the two resulting zygotes would have gone on to become fraternal twins. However, in 46,XX/46,XY, the two zygotes merge shortly before or after fertilization to become a two-cell zygote made up of two different nuclei. The
152:
being functional in the same person, the functional tissue is usually the ovarian tissue. A mix of male and female characteristics may emerge at puberty. Some individuals will experience secondary characteristics, such as breast development during puberty in a male phenotype, while others may
95:. As individuals with 46,XX/46,XY partially express the SRY gene, the normal process by which an embryo normally develops a phenotypic male or phenotypic female may be significantly affected causing variation will affect in the gonads, the reproductive tract, and the genitals.
98:
Despite this, there have been cases of completely normal sex differentiation occurring in 46,XX/46,XY individuals reported in the medical literature. 46,XX/46,XY chimerism can be identified during pregnancy by prenatal screening or in early childhood through
782:
Chen, CP; Chern, SR; Sheu, JC; Lin, SP; Hsu, CY; Chang, TY; Lee, CC; Wang, W; Chen, CH (2005). "Prenatal diagnosis, sonographic findings and molecular genetic analysis of a 46,XX/46,XY true hermaphrodite chimera".
845:
86:
on the Y chromosome causes the undetermined gonadal tissue to undergo differentiation and eventually will become either a pair of testes or ovaries respectively. The cells of the developing testes produce
156:
Segmentation of skin (distinct patches of skin) has also been observed. However, this trait is not unique to 46,XX/46,XY chimerism. It has also been observed in other types of chimerism.
592:
Shah, V. C.; Krishna Murthy, D. S.; Roy, S.; Contractor, P. M.; Shah, A. V. (November 1982). "True hermaphrodite: 46, XX/46, XY, clinical cytogenetic and histopathological studies".
116:
46,XX/46,XY is associated with a wide spectrum of different physical presentations, with cases ranging from having a completely normal male or female phenotype to some cases having
954:
1698:
1678:
1674:
912:
738:
Niu, DM; Pan, CC; Lin, CY; Hwang, BT; Chung, MY (2002). "Mosaic or chimera? revisiting an old hypothesis about the cause of 46,XX/46,XY hermaphrodite".
216:
XY sperm. The resulting XXY zygote divides to give three cell lines: 46,XX/46,XY/47,XXY. The aneuploid 47,XXY cell line is eliminated during early
311:
Jarmińska-Jackowiak, T; Warenik-Szymankiewicz, A; Trzeciak, WH (1995). "Anti-Mullerian hormone. Structure and role in sexual differentiation".
1481:
212:
46,XX/46,XY can also be explained by a mosaic-based mechanism. A single zygote is formed from the fertilization of a normal X ovum by an
551:
Malan, V; Gesny, R; Morichon-Delvallez, N; Aubry, MC; Benachi, A; Sanlaville, D; Turleau, C; Bonnefont, JP; Fekete-Nihoul, C (2007).
905:
441:
Binkhorst, Mathijs; de Leeuw, Nicole; Otten, Barto J. (January 2009). "A healthy, female chimera with 46,XX/46,XY karyotype".
82:, the male and female embryo is anatomically identical until week 7 of the pregnancy, when the presence or the absence of the
1725:
1594:
643:
Farag, T I; Al-Awadi, S A; Tippett, P; el-Sayed, M; Sundareshan, T S; Al-Othman, S A; el-Badramany, M H (December 1987).
349:
Fitzgerald, PH; Donald, RA; Kirk, RL (1979). "A true hermaphrodite dispermic chimera with 46, XX and 46, XY karyotypes".
227:
ovum undergoes a round of mitosis, and the subsequent daughter cells are fertilized by an X and a Y sperm, respectively.
55:, which subsequently leads to the development of a single individual with two distinct cell lines, instead of a pair of
898:
1584:
1167:
1566:
1509:
1099:
495:
GencĂk, A.; Genciková, A.; Hrubisko, M.; Mergancová, O. (1980). "Chimerism 46,XX/46,XY in a phenotypic female".
1560:
1499:
1437:
1054:
237:
of tissues need to be analyzed. Blood tests might contain both or red blood cells of different blood types.
1503:
1495:
1451:
1143:
1083:
1018:
996:
878:
39:
and some cells that express a 46,XY karyotype in a single human being. The cause of the condition lies in
1694:
1682:
1062:
949:
75:
1441:
1139:
1135:
1608:
1570:
1369:
1204:
83:
88:
1058:
265:
1624:
1616:
1602:
1588:
1546:
1467:
1179:
1070:
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192:. Two ova from the mother are fertilized by two sperm from the father. One sperm contains an X
117:
79:
92:
1425:
1350:
1289:
1095:
120:. Due to this variation, genetic testing is the only way to reliably make a diagnosis.
8:
1598:
1411:
1045:
292:
Aruna, N; Purushottam, RM; Rajangam, S (2006). "46,XX/46,XY chimerism - a case report".
205:. Variations of this mechanism include fertilization of an ovum and its first or second
123:
46,XX/46,XY is possible if there is direct observation of one or more of the following:
1730:
1702:
1690:
1686:
1650:
1645:
1580:
1194:
974:
808:
677:
644:
625:
528:
474:
420:
374:
362:
241:
135:
56:
32:
1664:
1281:
1200:
1155:
1123:
1111:
800:
755:
717:
709:
682:
664:
617:
609:
574:
520:
512:
466:
458:
412:
366:
320:
629:
424:
378:
51:(one of which expresses 46,XX and the other of which expresses 46,XY) into a single
1659:
1655:
1552:
1429:
1397:
1028:
812:
792:
747:
672:
656:
601:
564:
532:
504:
478:
450:
404:
358:
35:
genetic condition characterized by the presence of some cells that express a 46,XX
1669:
1258:
202:
153:
experience deepening of the voice, secondary hair development, and gynecomastia.
100:
310:
1343:
1309:
1304:
979:
854:
454:
220:. The 46,XX/46,XY cell lines remain and go on to become a chimeric individual.
1719:
1538:
1338:
1299:
1294:
1222:
1208:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1128:
1033:
1011:
1006:
984:
713:
668:
613:
516:
462:
249:
217:
751:
569:
552:
395:
Schoenle, E (1983). "46,XX/46,XY chimerism in a phenotypically normal man".
196:; the other contains a Y chromosome. The result is that a zygote with an XY
1333:
1240:
1236:
1116:
1104:
1088:
1076:
1066:
969:
890:
804:
759:
578:
470:
173:
721:
686:
660:
621:
524:
416:
324:
1326:
1321:
1218:
370:
201:
zygotes merge early enough that there is no risk of them developing into
837:
553:"Prenatal diagnosis and outcome of a 46,XX/46,XY chimera: a case report"
1475:
1471:
1277:
1023:
1001:
991:
605:
508:
408:
253:
213:
206:
193:
164:
Individuals with the condition do not experience cognitive impairment.
48:
1316:
1272:
964:
959:
245:
64:
60:
36:
796:
645:"Unilateral true hermaphrodite with 46,XX/46,XY dispermic chimerism"
67:, neither of which are chimeric conditions, but is considered as an
1432:
1382:
1378:
1250:
929:
873:
224:
197:
177:
142:
68:
1485:
1268:
941:
550:
494:
189:
128:
849:
591:
176:
chimerism because it requires four gametes – two sperm and two
149:
52:
44:
1574:
1513:
1489:
1419:
20:
642:
240:
Before birth, ambiguous genitalia might be observed through
1620:
1612:
1556:
1542:
1517:
1445:
1415:
1405:
1401:
291:
440:
74:
In humans, sexual dimorphism is a consequence of the
827:
348:
443:
Journal of
Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism
1717:
781:
737:
699:
184:46,XX/46,XY is most commonly explained during
1660:46,XX testicular disorders of sex development
906:
131:midway in size between a clitoris and a penis
920:
1482:Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation
913:
899:
148:There have been no reported cases of both
676:
568:
394:
1718:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
894:
733:
731:
700:Amrani, M.; Renoirte, P. (1990). "".
546:
544:
542:
344:
342:
340:
338:
336:
334:
287:
285:
283:
281:
106:
43:with the aggregation of two distinct
490:
488:
436:
434:
390:
388:
167:
1595:Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor
766:
188:combination of two fertilized eggs
13:
728:
539:
363:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1979.tb02032.x
331:
278:
223:46,XX/46,XY can also arise when a
59:. This is not to be confused with
14:
1742:
823:
485:
431:
385:
1168:22q11.2 distal deletion syndrome
141:Abnormal urethra opening on the
91:, causing the regression of the
1567:Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
1510:Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
1438:Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma
1100:Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome
693:
248:might also be observed through
636:
585:
304:
1:
1290:Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)
1055:1q21.1 copy number variations
271:
172:46,XX/46,XY is an example of
1496:Acute promyelocytic leukemia
1452:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
1144:17q12 microdeletion syndrome
1019:22q11.2 duplication syndrome
997:16p11.2 duplication syndrome
594:Indian Journal of Pediatrics
231:
159:
7:
1726:Sex chromosome aneuploidies
1063:1q21.1 duplication syndrome
950:1q21.1 duplication syndrome
649:Journal of Medical Genetics
259:
111:
76:XY sex-determination system
10:
1747:
18:
1638:
1609:Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
1531:
1460:
1390:
1377:
1368:
1344:XYYYY syndrome (49,XYYYY)
1310:XXXXY syndrome (49,XXXXY)
1305:XXXYY syndrome (49,XXXYY)
1267:
1249:
1235:
1044:
937:
928:
864:
831:
455:10.1515/jpem.2009.22.1.97
1084:Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome
1059:1q21.1 deletion syndrome
922:Chromosome abnormalities
266:Sex chromosome anomalies
103:and direct observation.
19:Not to be confused with
1468:Philadelphia chromosome
1339:XYYY syndrome (48,XYYY)
1300:XXXY syndrome (48,XXXY)
1295:XXYY syndrome (48,XXYY)
1180:22q13 deletion syndrome
955:2q31.1 microduplication
752:10.1067/mpd.2002.124321
16:Human genetic condition
1327:Pentasomy X (49,XXXXX)
1259:Turner syndrome (45,X)
1140:Smith–Magenis syndrome
1136:Miller–Dieker syndrome
1071:1p36 deletion syndrome
118:ovotesticular syndrome
89:Anti-MĂĽllerian hormone
78:. In typical prenatal
1334:XYY syndrome (47,XYY)
1322:Tetrasomy X (48,XXXX)
1205:Prader–Willi syndrome
702:Chirurgie PĂ©diatrique
661:10.1136/jmg.24.12.784
570:10.1093/humrep/del480
1426:Mantle cell lymphoma
1096:Cri du chat syndrome
134:Incompletely closed
1412:Follicular lymphoma
80:sex differentiation
41:conception or utero
22:the 2002 film XX/XY
1651:Uniparental disomy
1646:Fragile X syndrome
1581:Myxoid liposarcoma
1433:t(11 CCND1:14 IGH)
1317:Trisomy X (47,XXX)
1195:genomic imprinting
975:Distal trisomy 10q
865:External resources
606:10.1007/bf02976984
509:10.1007/bf00290226
409:10.1007/bf00289485
136:urogenital opening
107:Signs and symptoms
1713:
1712:
1665:Marker chromosome
1634:
1633:
1527:
1526:
1364:
1363:
1231:
1230:
1201:Angelman syndrome
1156:DiGeorge syndrome
1124:Jacobsen syndrome
1112:Williams syndrome
888:
887:
168:Genetic mechanism
1738:
1656:XX male syndrome
1553:Synovial sarcoma
1430:Multiple myeloma
1398:Burkitt lymphoma
1388:
1387:
1375:
1374:
1278:other karyotypes
1247:
1246:
1029:Cat-eye syndrome
935:
934:
915:
908:
901:
892:
891:
829:
828:
817:
816:
779:
764:
763:
735:
726:
725:
708:(4–5): 279–283.
697:
691:
690:
680:
640:
634:
633:
600:(401): 885–890.
589:
583:
582:
572:
563:(4): 1037–1041.
548:
537:
536:
492:
483:
482:
438:
429:
428:
392:
383:
382:
346:
329:
328:
308:
302:
301:
294:J Anat Soc India
289:
138:(shallow vagina)
1746:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1670:Ring chromosome
1630:
1523:
1456:
1360:
1276:
1263:
1227:
1040:
939:
924:
919:
889:
884:
883:
860:
859:
840:
826:
821:
820:
797:10.1002/pd.1181
780:
767:
736:
729:
698:
694:
655:(12): 784–786.
641:
637:
590:
586:
549:
540:
493:
486:
439:
432:
393:
386:
347:
332:
309:
305:
290:
279:
274:
262:
234:
203:conjoined twins
170:
162:
114:
109:
101:genetic testing
93:MĂĽllerian ducts
57:fraternal twins
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1744:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1667:
1662:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1606:
1592:
1578:
1564:
1550:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1507:
1493:
1479:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1435:
1423:
1409:
1394:
1392:
1385:
1372:
1370:Translocations
1366:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1286:
1284:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1244:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
988:
987:
980:Patau syndrome
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
944:
932:
926:
925:
918:
917:
910:
903:
895:
886:
885:
882:
881:
869:
868:
866:
862:
861:
858:
857:
841:
836:
835:
833:
832:Classification
825:
824:External links
822:
819:
818:
791:(6): 502–506.
765:
746:(6): 732–735.
727:
692:
635:
584:
538:
503:(3): 407–408.
497:Human Genetics
484:
430:
384:
330:
303:
276:
275:
273:
270:
269:
268:
261:
258:
233:
230:
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228:
221:
210:
169:
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161:
158:
146:
145:
139:
132:
113:
110:
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105:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1743:
1732:
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1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
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1668:
1666:
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1661:
1657:
1654:
1652:
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1647:
1644:
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1637:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:Ewing sarcoma
1537:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1224:
1223:Proximal 18q-
1220:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1007:Down syndrome
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
986:
983:
982:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
945:
943:
938:Duplications,
936:
933:
931:
927:
923:
916:
911:
909:
904:
902:
897:
896:
893:
880:
876:
875:
871:
870:
867:
863:
856:
852:
851:
847:
843:
842:
839:
834:
830:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
734:
732:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
696:
688:
684:
679:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
639:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
588:
580:
576:
571:
566:
562:
558:
554:
547:
545:
543:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
491:
489:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
449:(1): 97–102.
448:
444:
437:
435:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
391:
389:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
345:
343:
341:
339:
337:
335:
326:
322:
318:
314:
307:
299:
295:
288:
286:
284:
282:
277:
267:
264:
263:
257:
255:
251:
250:amniocentesis
247:
243:
238:
226:
222:
219:
218:embryogenesis
215:
211:
209:by two sperm.
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
187:
186:in conception
183:
182:
181:
179:
175:
165:
157:
154:
151:
144:
140:
137:
133:
130:
126:
125:
124:
121:
119:
104:
102:
96:
94:
90:
85:
81:
77:
72:
71:condition.
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
24:
23:
1355:
1193:
1067:TAR syndrome
970:Tetrasomy 9p
872:
844:
788:
785:Prenat Diagn
784:
743:
739:
705:
701:
695:
652:
648:
638:
597:
593:
587:
560:
556:
500:
496:
446:
442:
403:(1): 86–89.
400:
396:
357:(1): 89–96.
354:
350:
316:
312:
306:
297:
293:
239:
235:
185:
174:tetragametic
171:
163:
155:
147:
122:
115:
97:
73:
40:
28:
27:
21:
1356:46,XX/46,XY
1273:tetrasomies
1219:Distal 18q-
319:(1): 51–8.
313:Ginekol Pol
300:(1): 24–26.
49:blastocysts
29:46,XX/46,XY
1720:Categories
1351:45,X/46,XY
1251:Monosomies
1024:Trisomy 22
1002:Trisomy 18
992:Trisomy 16
940:including
557:Hum Reprod
351:Clin Genet
272:References
256:sampling.
254:cord blood
242:ultrasound
207:polar body
194:chromosome
1731:Chimerism
1269:Trisomies
1046:Deletions
965:Trisomy 9
960:Trisomy 8
942:trisomies
930:Autosomal
740:J Pediatr
714:0180-5738
669:0022-2593
614:0019-5456
517:0340-6717
463:0334-018X
397:Hum Genet
246:karyotype
232:Diagnosis
214:aneuploid
160:Cognitive
65:hybridism
61:mosaicism
37:karyotype
1391:Lymphoid
1383:lymphoma
1379:Leukemia
874:Orphanet
805:15966046
760:12072878
630:41204037
579:17272360
471:19344081
425:25946104
379:39280592
260:See also
198:genotype
143:perineum
112:Physical
84:SRY gene
69:intersex
33:chimeric
1619:) t (1
1486:RUNX1T1
1461:Myeloid
1282:mosaics
813:5757722
722:2083468
687:3430558
678:1050410
622:7182365
533:9117759
525:7203474
479:6074854
417:6575956
325:8522216
225:haploid
190:zygotes
129:phallus
45:zygotes
1571:COL1A1
1243:linked
879:199310
811:
803:
758:
720:
712:
685:
675:
667:
628:
620:
612:
577:
531:
523:
515:
477:
469:
461:
423:
415:
377:
371:759058
369:
323:
244:. The
150:gonads
127:Small
53:embryo
1639:Other
1625:FOXO1
1623:; 13
1617:FOXO1
1615:; 13
1601:; 22
1597:t(11
1587:; 16
1585:DDIT3
1583:t(12
1575:PDGFB
1569:t(17
1545:; 22
1541:t(11
1532:Other
1514:RBM15
1498:t(15
1490:RUNX1
1474:; 22
1414:t(14
855:Q99.0
809:S2CID
626:S2CID
529:S2CID
475:S2CID
421:S2CID
375:S2CID
31:is a
1621:PAX7
1613:PAX3
1611:t(2
1573:;22
1559:;18
1555:t(x
1543:FLI1
1518:MKL1
1516:;22
1512:t(1
1504:RARA
1502:,17
1488:;21
1484:t(8
1470:t(9
1446:NPM1
1440:t(2
1420:BCL2
1418:;18
1404:;14
1400:t(8
801:PMID
756:PMID
718:PMID
710:ISSN
683:PMID
665:ISSN
618:PMID
610:ISSN
575:PMID
521:PMID
513:ISSN
467:PMID
459:ISSN
413:PMID
367:PMID
321:PMID
1603:EWS
1599:WT1
1589:FUS
1561:SSX
1557:SYT
1547:EWS
1500:PML
1476:BCR
1472:ABL
1444:;5
1442:ALK
1416:IGH
1406:IGH
1402:MYC
846:ICD
793:doi
748:doi
744:140
673:PMC
657:doi
602:doi
565:doi
505:doi
451:doi
405:doi
359:doi
252:or
178:ova
63:or
47:or
1722::
1703:22
1701:,
1699:21
1697:;
1695:20
1693:;
1691:18
1689:;
1687:15
1685:;
1683:14
1681:;
1677:;
1209:15
1185:22
1173:22
1161:22
1149:17
1129:11
1073:)
1034:22
1012:21
985:13
877::
853::
850:10
807:.
799:.
789:25
787:.
768:^
754:.
742:.
730:^
716:.
706:31
704:.
681:.
671:.
663:.
653:24
651:.
647:.
624:.
616:.
608:.
598:49
596:.
573:.
561:22
559:.
555:.
541:^
527:.
519:.
511:.
501:55
499:.
487:^
473:.
465:.
457:.
447:22
445:.
433:^
419:.
411:.
401:64
399:.
387:^
373:.
365:.
355:15
353:.
333:^
317:66
315:.
298:55
296:.
280:^
180:.
1679:9
1675:6
1658:/
1627:)
1605:)
1591:)
1577:)
1563:)
1549:)
1520:)
1506:)
1492:)
1478:)
1448:)
1428:/
1422:)
1408:)
1381:/
1280:/
1275:,
1271:/
1241:Y
1239:/
1237:X
1221:/
1211:)
1207:(
1203:/
1142:/
1138:/
1117:7
1105:5
1098:/
1089:4
1077:1
1069:/
1065:/
1061:/
1057:/
1053:(
914:e
907:t
900:v
848:-
838:D
815:.
795::
762:.
750::
724:.
689:.
659::
632:.
604::
581:.
567::
535:.
507::
481:.
453::
427:.
407::
381:.
361::
327:.
25:.
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