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2023 in climate change

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282: 2168: 1874: 248: 390: 458: 799: 595: 466: 807: 8470: 1792: 10854: 10024: 10012: 1837:—respectively called "national narcissism" and "secure national identification"—for their correlation to support for policies to mitigate climate change and to transition to renewable energy. The researchers concluded that secure national identification tends to support policies promoting renewable energy; however, national narcissism was found to be inversely correlated with support for such policies—except to the extent that such policies, as well as 8368: 8436: 10048: 10036: 8453: 8419: 8402: 10843: 8385: 1031: 697:(rainfall events)) is strongly correlated with global mean temperature, and concluded that continued warming of the planet will cause more frequent, more severe, longer and/or larger of such extreme events, and that "distortion of the water cycle... will be among the most conspicuous consequences of climate change". 2098: 4145:
Schmidt, B. E.; Washam, P.; Davis, P. E. D.; Nicholls, K. W.; Holland, D. M.; Lawrence, J. D.; Riverman, K. L.; Smith, J. A.; Spears, A.; Dichek, D. J. G.; Mullen, A. D.; Clyne, E.; Yeager, B.; Anker, P.; Meister, M. R.; Hurwitz, B. C.; Quartini, E. S.; Bryson, F. E.; Basinski-Ferris, A.; Thomas, C.;
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projected that, by 2050, as the U.S. moves to 100 percent zero emission new passenger vehicles sales and clean electricity generation, the resulting cleaner air could bring $ 978 billion in public health benefits, 89,300 fewer premature deaths, 2.2 million fewer asthma attacks, and 10.7 million fewer
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reported that increasing abundance of a thermotolerant symbiotic alga hosted by corals has facilitated maintenance of high coral cover after three mass coral bleaching events, suggesting that future reefs might maintain high cover for several decades, albeit with low diversity and provided that other
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26 January: Bloomberg NEF's "Energy Transition Investment Trends" report estimated that, for the first time, energy transition investment matched global fossil fuel investment—$ 1.1 trillion in 2022, including China with $ 546 billion, the US with $ 141 billion, and the EU if treated as a bloc, $ 180
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Western, Luke M.; Vollmer, Martin K.; Krummel, Paul B.; Adcock, Karina E.; Crotwell, Molly; Fraser, Paul J.; Harth, Christina M.; Langenfelds, Ray L.; Montzka, Stephen A.; Mühle, Jens; O'Doherty, Simon; Oram, David E.; Reimann, Stefan; Rigby, Matt; Vimont, Isaac; Weiss, Ray F.; Young, Dickon; Laube,
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Human-caused climate change is already affecting many weather and climate extremes in every region across the globe. This has led to widespread adverse impacts and related losses and damages to nature and people (high confidence). Vulnerable communities who have historically contributed the least to
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Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations, political leaders, and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe
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concluded that, while for many years Antarctic sea ice had increased, from recent record lows in Antarctic sea ice coverage "it appears that we may now be seeing the inevitable decline, long projected by climate models", and that a "regime shift" may be taking place "in which previously important
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reported a March 2022 "unprecedented heatwave" in the Antarctic reaching 39 °C (70 °F) above average—the largest temperature anomaly ever recorded globally—attributed 2 °C of the increase to global warming, and projected possible heatwaves of an additional 5–6 °C (9.0–10.8 °F)
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the first constitutional climate trial in US, began in the U.S. state of Montana. Sixteen young residents filed the suit based on the state's 1972 constitution requiring that the "state and each person shall maintain and improve a clean and healthful environment in Montana for present and future
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5 December: a report from the United Nations Environment Programme projected that on current growth trends, electricity for cooling equipment (air conditioning) would more than double by 2050, and that under a business-as-usual scenario, emissions from cooling would account for more than 10% of
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Davis, Peter E. D.; Nicholls, Keith W.; Holland, David M.; Schmidt, Britney E.; Washam, Peter; Riverman, Kiya L.; Arthern, Robert J.; Vaňková, Irena; Eayrs, Clare; Smith, James A.; Anker, Paul G. D.; Mullen, Andrew D.; Dichek, Daniel; Lawrence, Justin D.; Meister, Matthew M.; Clyne, Elisabeth;
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stated that opinion polls show that most people perceive climate change as occurring now and close by. The study concluded that seeing climate change as more distant does not necessarily result in less climate action, and reducing psychological distancing does not reliably increase climate
2186:"—defined as "the historically highly conserved distribution of relative human population density with respect to mean annual temperature." The study projected that reducing warming from 2.7 to 1.5 °C would result in a ~5-fold decrease in population exposed to unprecedented heat. 753:. The study described the "critical importance of Antarctic meltwater in setting the abyssal ocean overturning, with implications for global ocean biogeochemistry and climate that could last for centuries". On 25 May, observational evidence for problematic fast slowdown of the 2587: 1526:
ruled in favor of the youth plaintiffs, declaring certain Montana laws violated Montana's state constitution. The judge's 103-page ruling concluded that the "MEPA Limitation violates Youth Plaintiffs' right to a clean and healthful environment and is unconstitutional on its
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Key finding 4: global emissions are not in line with modelled global mitigation pathways consistent with the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement, and there is a rapidly narrowing window to raise ambition and implement existing commitments in order to limit warming to
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Almaraz, Maya; Houlton, Benjamin Z.; Clark, Michael; Holzer, Iris; Zhou, Yanqiu; Rasmussen, Laura; Moberg, Emily; Manaigo, Erin; Halpern, Benjamin S.; Scarborough, Courtney; Lei, Xin Gen; Ho, Melissa; Allison, Edward; Sibanda, Lindiwe; Salter, Andrew (6 September 2023).
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projected that global warming reaching 2 °C this century will cause premature deaths in roughly 1 billion humans. The study cited the order-of-magnitude estimate in the "1000-ton rule" that states that a future person is killed every time 1000 tons of fossil carbon are
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We warn of potential collapse of natural and socioeconomic systems in such a world where we will face unbearable heat, frequent extreme weather events, food and fresh water shortages, rising seas, more emerging diseases, and increased social unrest and geopolitical
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found that cyclones formed almost two weeks sooner, on average, which authors said was "closely related to the seasonal advance of rapid intensification events". The time advance shifts cyclones from autumn into summer, increasing overlap with the peak rainfall
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projected that ocean warming at about triple the historical rate is likely unavoidable in the 21st century, with no significant difference between mid-range emissions scenarios versus achieving the most ambitious targets of the Paris Agreement—suggesting that
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summarized the year: "The push and pull of progress and catastrophe made 2023 one of the most discordant—and consequential—years for the world's climate. ... In 2023, clean energy progress and the horrors of a radically warming climate fought almost to a
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analysis concluded that by 2040, longer warm and moist transmission seasons and expanding habitats for mosquitos (both caused by climate change), coupled with expected demographic growth, could put more than 5 billion people at risk of contracting
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stated that, based on then-current pledges, global mean temperature is projected to increase by +2.7 °C, which would cause loss of about half of Earth's glaciers by 2100, causing a sea level rise of 115±40 millimeters (not counting ice sheet
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found that increased temperature delays sleep onset and increases the probability of insufficient sleep, estimating that global warming may erode 50–58 hours of sleep per person-year while producing geographic inequalities that scale with future
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stated that phasing out operating coal power by 2040 would require an average of 117 GW of retirements per year—4.5 times the capacity retired in 2022. An average of 60 GW/yr for OECD countries, and 91 GW/year for non-OECD countries, must come
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extent stood at the lowest in the 45-year satellite record—more than 500,000 square kilometers (193,000 square miles) below the previous record (2018), with four of the five lowest years for the last half of December having occurred since
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The adoption of tighter efficiency standards by regulators, structural changes to the economy and the ever-accelerating penetration of EVs are expected to powerfully moderate annual growth in oil demand throughout the (2023–2028)
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experienced an unprecedented dry season causing a decline in water levels and prompting canal administrators to limit daily vessel passages from 36 to 32, and forcing some ships to carry up to 40% less cargo to avoid hitting the
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projected that the chance of global near-surface temperature exceeding 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels for at least one year between 2023 and 2027 is 66%, though it is unlikely (32%) that the five-year mean will exceed
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presided over the conference and because of the presence of record numbers of fossil fuel lobbyists, COP28 was the first COP to explicitly call on participants to "transition away from fossil fuels" so as to achieve
4685: 1754:) fossil fuels to achieve net zero by 2050. They stopped short of endorsing a 2030 deadline for phasing out coal, and left the door open for continued investment in gas to help address potential energy shortfalls. 802:
Reporting on the reduced Antarctic sea ice extent in mid 2023, researchers concluded that a "regime shift" may be taking place "in which previously important relationships no longer dominate sea ice variability".
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said that demand for oil from combustible fossil fuels is on course to peak in 2028 (the final year of the forecast), and that growth is set to reverse after 2023 for gasoline and after 2026 for transport fuels
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6 September: the first Africa Climate Summit concluded with the "Nairobi Declaration", in which African leaders requested global taxes on carbon pollution, phasing out coal use, and ending fossil fuel subsidies.
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emissions, contributed 23% in 2021, by far the highest fraction since 2000. 2021 was an abnormal year because North American and Eurasian boreal forests synchronously experienced their greatest water deficit.
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The phasedown of fossil fuels is inevitable. The speed at which this happens depends on how quickly we can phase up zero carbon alternatives, while ensuring energy security, accessibility and affordability.
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projected that low-emissions sources will constitute almost all the growth in global electricity demand through 2025, with renewables' portion of global power generation rising from 29% in 2022 to 35% in
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stated that "the momentum behind clean energy transitions is now sufficient for global demand for coal, oil and natural gas to all reach a high point before 2030 in the STEPS" (Stated Policies Scenario).
968:—an ice-like substance found in sediment beneath water depths greater than ~450–700 m—can vent into the ocean to such a degree that it should considered for estimating climate change-induced release of 5658: 1845:. Right-wing political orientation, which may indicate susceptibility to climate conspiracy beliefs, was also concluded to be negatively correlated with support for genuine climate mitigation policies. 7329: 871:
reported that, adding to ongoing climate change's dominant warming influence, additional factors contributing to current temperature increases include: (1) 2022 eruption of an underwater volcano near
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studied the effect of the expected reduction in the amount of dark-colored, light-absorbing atmospheric particles (LAPs) that snow would absorb, making the snow reflect more sunlight, thus reducing
3095: 8221: 823:, a mountain between Switzerland and Austria, experienced a landslide of 3,500,000 cubic feet (99,000 m) and a loss of 60 feet (18 m) in height, that has been attributed to melting of 2848: 8091: 5474: 8326: 7552: 7187: 5632: 7456: 5740: 3482: 4569: 2696: 370:
s "2023 state of the climate report" stated that "we must shift our perspective on the climate emergency from being just an isolated environmental issue to a systemic, existential threat".
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Li, Qian; England, Matthew H.; Hogg, Andrew McC.; Rintoul, Stephen R.; Morrison, Adele K. (29 March 2023). "Abyssal ocean overturning slowdown and warming driven by Antarctic meltwater".
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adopted the Acceleration of Renewable Energies bill, which includes a requirement to install solar panels on all car parks (parking lots) of over 1,500 square metres (16,100 square feet).
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climate and environment ministers did not come to agreement on four of 68 points considered, including achieving peak emissions by 2025, converting to clean energy, or taxing carbon.
6196: 1957:), and a nearly 70% chance of 2 °C between 2044 and 2065 (~2054) – a substantial probability of exceeding the 2 °C threshold – even if emissions rapidly decline (scenario 7806: 4483: 574:
said that the number of North Atlantic tropical cyclones that intensify from a Category 1 into a major hurricane within 36 hours, has more than doubled from 1971-1990 to 2001-2020.
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said "I have a special message for fossil fuel producers and their enablers scrambling to expand production and raking in monster profits: If you cannot set a credible course for
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and e.g. partly their deception of the public and proactive prevention of regulations or adequate regulations. The paper is focused on corporate actors and does not address e.g.
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projected that without snowmaking, 53% of ski resorts in 28 European countries will be at "very high risk for snow supply" under global warming of 2 °C (98% under 4 °C warming).
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published an "ENSO update" declaring that "El Niño is here", estimating the odds of it becoming a strong event (56%), at least a moderate event (84%), and "fizzling out" (4-7%).
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Shared attribution: Global Energy Monitor, CREA, E3G, Reclaim Finance, Sierra Club, SFOC, Kiko Network, CAN Europe, Bangladesh Groups, ACJCE, Chile Sustentable (5 April 2023).
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said that there are more people displaced because of climate change than because of conflicts, explaining that climate change and conflict interact as triggers of displacement.
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concluded that under a high-emissions scenario, abyssal warming is set to accelerate over the next 30 years, and that meltwater input around Antarctica drives a contraction of
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estimated the global costs of extreme weather attributable to climate change in the last twenty years to be US$ 143 billion per year, 63% of which is due to human loss of life.
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since 2010, and projected hundreds more in this century, explaining that "even the elite billion-dollar sports industry is vulnerable to unexpected impacts" of global warming.
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is experiencing its lowest rainfall since inception, lowering water levels and requiring restrictions for some vessels to limit their cargo by about 25% to maintain a safe
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forcing, and related policy-options. With constant air transport demand and aircraft efficiency, decarbonizing aviation would require nearly five times the 2019 worldwide
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September 2023 was the warmest September on record globally, with an average surface air temperature 0.5 °C above the temperature of the previous warmest September (2020).
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define Secure National Identification as "reflect(ing) feelings of strong bonds and solidarity with one's ingroup members, and sense of satisfaction in group membership".
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reported that in the first three months of 2023, Britain's wind turbines generated more electricity (32.4%) than gas-fired power stations (31.7%) for the first time.
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Nijsse, Femke J. M. M.; Mercure, Jean-Francois; Ameli, Nadia; Larosa, Francesca; Kothari, Sumit; Rickman, Jamie; Vercoulen, Pim; Pollitt, Hector (17 October 2023).
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define National Narcissism as "a belief that one's national group is exceptional and deserves external recognition underlain by unsatisfied psychological needs".
1891:) are unthinkable. Low-lying communities and entire countries could disappear forever. We would witness a mass exodus of entire populations on a biblical scale. 1380: 7561: 6431: 10079: 3460: 6939:"Stressing Rising Seas Already Creating Instability, Conflict, Secretary-General Says Security Council Has Critical Role in Addressing Devastating Challenges" 5650: 2102: 10275: 9765: 7321: 791: 5078: 10253: 8306: 862:
caused by global warming cause significant deformations and displacements that may be "incompatible with the operational requirements of civil structures".
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emissions scenarios considered, the Arctic would be ice-free in September as soon as the 2030s, sooner than the IPCC's earlier projection of mid-century.
3091: 2974:"Climate Breakdown Has Begun with Hottest Summer on Record, Secretary-General Warns, Calling on Leaders to 'Turn Up the Heat Now' for Climate Solutions" 2584:"Convention on the Rights of the Child / General comment No. 26 (2023) on children's rights and the environment, with a special focus on climate change" 2167: 10903: 9196: 8217: 2783: 578: 8297: 4214:
Basinski-Ferris, Aurora; Rignot, Eric; Queste, Bastien Y.; Boehme, Lars; Heywood, Karen J.; Anandakrishnan, Sridhar; Makinson, Keith (February 2023).
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generations". On August 14, 2023, the trial court judge ruled in the youth plaintiffs' favor, though the state indicated it would appeal the decision.
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finds that governments "largely ignore the climate-mitigation potential of animal product analogs" and that food production has 'lock-in' problems.
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Climate change is here. It is terrifying. And it is just the beginning. The era of global warming has ended; the era of global boiling has arrived.
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Hawkins, Heidi-Jayne; Cargill, Rachael I.M.; Van Nuland, Michael E.; Sheldrake, Merlin; Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.; Kiers, E. Toby (5 June 2023).
3654:"ERA5 data from CopernicusECMWF indicates that 17 November was the first day that the global temperature exceeded 2°C above pre-industrial levels" 3474: 3407:"The world just blew past the Paris climate talks' maximum temperature threshold: 'I feel like I am watching a global train wreck in slow motion'" 8996: 7582: 6561: 4565: 2685: 2677: 766: 7292: 6710: 2427: 2236:(AMOC) by mid-century, causing long term cooling of Europe. Earlier IPCC projections were that such a collapse is not likely within the century. 663:(GLOFs), more than half being from India, Pakistan, Peru, and China. Climate change has intensified glacial ice melt and expanded glacial lakes. 10290: 10285: 10258: 8343: 6689: 3036: 546:(IRENA) publication stated that ~86% (187 GW) of renewable capacity added in 2022 had lower costs than electricity generated from fossil fuels. 5176: 2673: 2088:
forecast that floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems on reservoirs could provide 9,434±29 terawatt-hours/year—over a third of global electricity.
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emissions are still rising when if they stayed the same, the 50% likelihood to limit global warming to 1.5 °C would be exceeded around 2031.
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Friedlingstein, Pierre; O'Sullivan, Michael; Jones, Matthew W.; Andrew, Robbie M.; Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; et al. (5 December 2023).
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Yao, Fangfang; Livneh, Ben; Rajagopalan, Balaji; Wang, Jida; Crétaux, Jean-François; Wada, Yoshihide; Berge-Nguyen, Muriel (18 May 2023).
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Lelieveld, Jos; Haines, Andy; Burnett, Richard; Tonne, Cathryn; Klingmueller, Klaus; Munzel, Thomas; Pozzer, Andrea (29 November 2023).
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reported that 17 November was the first day that the global average surface temperature exceeded pre-industrial levels by more than 2°C.
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stability and minimization of human harm. They expand upon earlier boundary frameworks by incorporating concepts such as intra- and
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3 August (reported): floating, vertical-axis wind turbines with a "twirling" operation generate power regardless of wind direction.
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may have passed where solar energy gradually comes to dominate global electricity markets, without any further climate policies".
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concluded that about 5.13 million excess deaths per year globally are attributable to ambient air pollution from fossil fuel use.
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2023's June-July-August season was the warmest on record globally by a large margin, as El Niño conditions continued to develop.
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This article documents events, research findings, scientific and technological advances, and human actions to measure, predict,
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Francois, Hugues; Samacoits, Rahaelle; BIrd, David neil; Koberl, Judith; Prettenthaler, Franz; Morin, Samual (28 August 2023).
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Davies, Richard J.; Yang, Jinxiu; Ireland, Mark T.; Berndt, Christian; Maqueda, Miguel A. M.; Huuse, Mads (6 December 2023).
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Projections for different amounts of global warming: Melting of glacial mass, sea level rise, and loss of number of glaciers.
923: 543: 7617: 6942: 2981: 10908: 10697: 10545: 9982: 8933: 8928: 2319: 2229: 6459:"Income-based U.S. household carbon footprints (1990–2019) offer new insights on emissions inequality and climate finance" 5818: 3203: 10550: 10196: 10181: 9463: 9241: 9059: 8986: 8976: 8959: 8866: 8673: 8356: 4825: 2999: 2645: 8991: 1770:, based on a systematic examination of existing methane policies across sectors, concludes that both only "about 13% of 903:(RI) events in offshore areas within 400 kilometres (250 mi) of coastlines, tripled in frequency from 1980 to 2020. 10647: 10461: 10451: 10372: 10295: 9892: 9753: 9710: 9206: 2292:
that would otherwise warm the Earth. The study concluded that there would be a reduction in radiative forcing from 0.65
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had risen to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) above pre-industrial levels for the first time—the limit aspired to in the 2015
338: 7471: 6510:"Public policies and vested interests preserve the animal farming status quo at the expense of animal product analogs" 217: 10872: 10481: 10466: 10300: 10248: 9819: 9695: 9512: 8710: 7554: 7501:
Höning, Dennis; Willeit, Matteo; Calov, Reinhard; Klemann, Volker; Bagge, Meike; Ganopolski, Andrey (28 March 2023).
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narrative, "underscor the importance of considering alternative post-growth perspectives" that include approaches of
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effectively banned sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the European Union from 2035, and set a 55% cut over 2021 CO
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projected that current policies leading to ~2.7 °C global warming could leave 22–39% of humans outside their "
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Hao, Dalei; Bisht, Gautam; Wang, Hailong; Xu, Donghui; Huilin, Huang; Qian, Yun; Leung, L. Ruby (2 October 2023).
6024:"The effect of sustainable mobility transition policies on cumulative urban transport emissions and energy demand" 3318:"Copernicus: September 2023 – unprecedented temperature anomalies; 2023 on track to be the warmest year on record" 709: 10662: 10411: 10389: 10347: 10317: 10270: 10153: 10136: 10119: 10095: 9809: 9760: 9186: 9148: 9093: 8558: 8289: 7641:
Minor, Kelton; Bjerre-Nielsen, Andreas; Jonasdottir, Sigga Svala; Lehmann, Sune; Obradovich, Nick (20 May 2023).
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what could be the first study both investigating climate-polluting investments and proposing taxation thereof as
705: 623: 5394: 1681:, saying that treating the climate crisis and the nature crisis as separate challenges is "a dangerous mistake". 10367: 10362: 9877: 9161: 8913: 6734:"A global review of methane policies reveals that only 13% of emissions are covered with unclear effectiveness" 3475:"Global power sector saved fuel costs of USD 520 billion last year thanks to renewables, says new IRENA report" 2798: 1142: 937:
indicated that six of the nine "planetary boundaries"—delimiting the "safe operating space"—had been exceeded.
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Watts, Jonathan; Swan, Lucy; Cousins, Rich; Blight, Garry; Symons, Harvey; Scruton, Paul (29 September 2023).
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The circus is in town / El Niño conditions are present when we have met all the criteria of our decision tree.
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with comprehensive data. It suggests that the EEI is the "most fundamental global climate indicator" to gauge
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Arkush, David; Braman, Donald (23 January 2023). "Climate Homicide: Prosecuting Big Oil For Climate Deaths".
2196: 1958: 1954: 1802: 389: 5208:"Planetary boundaries assessment of deep decarbonisation options for building heating in the European Union" 3498:"The Largest Ever Recorded Heatwave—Characteristics and Attribution of the Antarctic Heatwave of March 2022" 10129: 9970: 9642: 9171: 9166: 9071: 8943: 8500: 8391: 8269: 2998:
Ripple, William J.; Wolf, Christopher; Gregg, Jillian W.; Rockström, Johan; et al. (24 October 2023).
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Ripple, William J.; Wolf, Christopher; Gregg, Jillian W.; Rockström, Johan; et al. (24 October 2023).
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achievable with full global deployment of diverse interventions, with the most promising options including
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recorded an unprecedented temperature of 101.1 °F (38.4 °C) at a depth of 5 feet (1.5 m) in
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Richardson, Katherine; Steffen, Will; Lucht, Wolfgang; Bendtsen, Jorgen; et al. (13 September 2023).
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Taylor, Caroline; Robinson, Tom R.; Dunning, Stuart; Carr, J. Rachel; Westoby, Matthew (7 February 2023).
2356:°C per decade, so that "under the present geopolitical approach to GHG emissions", warming will exceed 1.5 10500: 10384: 10141: 9181: 9029: 3921:"Increased dominance of heat-tolerant symbionts creates resilient coral reefs in near-term ocean warming" 2330: 2211: 2039: 2016: 1614: 1470: 660: 6278:
Oswald, Yannick; Millward-Hopkins, Joel; Steinberger, Julia K.; Owen, Anne; Ivanova, Diana (July 2023).
3429: 2348:) projected that the recent decline of aerosol emissions should increase the global warming rate of 0.18 798: 10040: 9804: 9607: 9564: 9337: 9259: 9113: 8235: 7259: 4716: 4021: 3058: 2450: 1910: 1751: 1256: 1248: 1225: 854: 783:
estimated that fungi can fix (remove from the atmosphere) the equivalent of ~36% of global fossil fuel
594: 506: 7977: 6554: 6005:"'More people displaced because of climate change than because of conflicts,' says UN migration chief" 4444:
Callahan, Christopher W.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.; DeSilva, Jeremy M.; Mankin, Justin S. (7 April 2023).
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made a statement that for 2023 it had made "a controversial resolution to temporarily shift away from
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Jenkins, Stuart; Kuijper, Margriet; Helferty, Hugh; Girardin, Cécile; Allen, Myles (1 January 2023).
3172: 2203: 2171:
Regions and population densities exposed to unprecedented heat at different levels of global warming.
2068: 2028: 1977: 1775: 1674: 1635: 1384: 1334: 1330: 1104: 1075: 845:
formally declared "onset of El Niño conditions", projecting it to be "at least of moderate strength".
521: 487: 478:, using modelling and literature assessment, codifies, integrates into and quantifies "safe and just 465: 322: 232: 228: 224: 10677: 9424: 8335: 8184:
Hansen, James E.; Sato, Makiko; Simons, Leon; Nazarenko, Larissa S.; et al. (2 November 2023).
7040:"Data-driven predictions of the time remaining until critical global warming thresholds are reached" 6682: 5310: 4646: 3496:
Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, Edward; Cox, Tyler; Espinosa, Zachary I.; Donohoe, Aaron (31 August 2023).
3028: 10893: 10775: 10730: 10632: 10357: 10173: 9919: 9914: 9904: 9845: 9685: 9191: 9156: 9044: 8971: 8812: 8641: 8577: 8538: 4146:
Wake, J.; Vaughan, D. G.; Anandakrishnan, S.; Rignot, E.; Paden, J.; Makinson, K. (February 2023).
3919:
Palacio-Castro, Ana M.; Smith, Tyler B.; Brandtneris, Viktor; Baker, Andrew C. (13 February 2023).
2323: 1973: 1495: 1466: 1053: 784: 701: 640: 330: 8242:. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. March 2023. p. A2 Observed Changes and Impacts. 7732:"Observationally-constrained projections of an ice-free Arctic even under a low emission scenario" 7503:"Multistability and Transient Response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to Anthropogenic CO 2 Emissions" 6861:
Rounce, David R.; Hock, Regine; Maussion, Fabien; Hugonnet, Romain; et al. (5 January 2023).
6092:
Abbasi, Kamran; Ali, Parveen; Barbour, Virginia; Benfield, Thomas; et al. (25 October 2023).
2467: 10898: 10822: 10760: 10163: 10028: 9950: 9860: 9602: 9574: 9254: 8908: 8886: 8493: 6457:
Starr, Jared; Nicolson, Craig; Ash, Michael; Markowitz, Ezra M.; Moran, Daniel (17 August 2023).
3653: 2768: 2261: 2051: 1938: 1639: 1562: 1019: 915: 811: 636: 626:
reported that for the first time, renewable energy generated a 30% of global electricity in 2023.
7730:
Kim, Yeon-Hee; Min, Seung-Ki; Gillet, Nathan P.; Notz, Dirk; Malinina, Elizaveta (6 June 2023).
5945: 1578:
The Conference of the Parties... calls on Parties to contribute to the following global efforts:
1490:
when distinguishing between luxury- and basic goods and services. A separate study (17 July) in
1469:
from maritime transport, or fulfilling promises to transfer money to poor countries through the
806: 10765: 10592: 9627: 9447: 9389: 9306: 9291: 9176: 8817: 8763: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8115:"Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century" 6600:"$ 23 billion pledged at Africa Climate Summit, but leaders warn of need 'to act with urgency'" 4843:
Li, Yi; Tang, Youmin; Wang, Shuai; Toumi, Ralf; Song, Xiangzhou; Wang, Qiang (24 August 2023).
4806: 2822: 2032: 1288: 1264: 1255:, in particular authors suggest the responsibility could be used to establish the financing of 1066:
expands upon the international Earth heat inventory from 2020, which provides a measure of the
754: 746: 742: 108: 96: 91: 86: 80: 6688:. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC). 8 September 2023. p. 5. 5878: 4845:"Recent increases in tropical cyclone rapid intensification events in global offshore regions" 10148: 10016: 9662: 9539: 9347: 8802: 8725: 7117: 5544: 5257:
Altermatt, Pietro P.; Clausen, Jens; Brendel, Heiko; Breyer, Christian; Gerhards, Christoph;
2313: 2284: 2249: 2224: 2191: 2178: 2113: 2084: 1618: 1099: 900: 892: 771: 655: 612: 561: 491: 453:
reported that more than 50% of freshwater lakes and reservoirs lost volume from 1992 to 2020.
8185: 7695:
Lenton, Timothy M.; Xu, Chi; Abrams, Jesse F.; Ghadiali, Ashish; et al. (22 May 2023).
7402:"Energy production and water savings from floating solar photovoltaics on global reservoirs" 6212:"Young environmental activists prevail in first-of-its-kind climate change trial in Montana" 5507:"Studie sieht EU-weit 87 Milliarden Euro Mehrbedarf bei Erneuerbaren und E-Verkehr | MDR.DE" 5047:"Long-distance migration and venting of methane from the base of the hydrate stability zone" 3723:"World poised to hit 1.5 degrees a year earlier than expected as carbon overspend continues" 3092:"Global Low-Carbon Energy Technology Investment Surges Past $ 1 Trillion for the First Time" 2947: 1087:
concluded that studies extending the reach of "vertical fingerprinting" to the mid to upper
10750: 10518: 10158: 10124: 10114: 9855: 9733: 9394: 8964: 8891: 8126: 8046: 7942: 7849: 7743: 7654: 7514: 7364: 7222: 7051: 6972: 6874: 6745: 6366: 6291: 6138: 6035: 5957: 5693: 5553: 5349: 5274: 4939: 4856: 4768: 4602: 4457: 4408: 4395:
Gunn, Kathryn L.; Rintoul, Stephen R.; England, Matthew H.; Bowen, Melissa M. (June 2023).
4353: 4227: 4159: 4000: 3932: 3867: 3656:. Copernicus European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). 20 November 2023. 3558: 3509: 3352: 3299: 3234: 3151: 2878: 1395:
by over 80% as compared to current levels" by 2027 being effective in "edging close to the
1280: 1240: 1153: 1027: 867: 479: 180: 7930: 7260:"Coal exit can happen only with stronger policies, and with China cooperating, says study" 5046: 4986:
Shan, Kiayue; Lin, Yanluan; Chu, Pao-Shin; Yu, Xiping; Song, Fengfei (27 September 2023).
4115: 4065: 3822:
Byrne, Brendan; Liu, Junjie; Bowman, Kevin W.; Pascolini-Campbell, Madeleine; et al.
298:, with 2025 and 2030 targets covering all your operations, you should not be in business." 8: 10812: 10805: 10745: 10642: 10637: 10312: 9872: 9647: 8876: 8871: 6780:"Secure and defensive forms of national identity and public support for climate policies" 6778:
Cislak, Aleksandra; Wójcik, Adrian D.; Borkowska, Julia; Milfont, Taciano (8 June 2023).
5883: 5338:"Exceptional stratospheric contribution to human fingerprints on atmospheric temperature" 3987:
Zheng, Bo; Ciais, Philippe; Chevallier, Frederic; Yang, Hui; et al. (2 March 2023).
2183: 1743: 1663: 1465:
23 June: a global summit on finance and climate ended in Paris without creating a tax on
1448: 1311: 1215: 906:
8 September (date of report): for the first time in recorded history, all seven tropical
643:
that exceeded annual fossil fuel emissions of all nations except India, China and the US.
415: 375: 314: 175: 8374: 8130: 8067: 8050: 8034: 7946: 7870: 7853: 7827: 7764: 7747: 7731: 7658: 7518: 7368: 7226: 7055: 6976: 6878: 6749: 6370: 6295: 6142: 6094:"Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency" 6066: 6039: 6023: 5961: 5911: 5697: 5557: 5442: 5417: 5370: 5353: 5337: 5278: 5263:"Replacing gas boilers with heat pumps is the fastest way to cut German gas consumption" 5014: 4987: 4960: 4943: 4927: 4877: 4860: 4844: 4791: 4772: 4756: 4606: 4461: 4412: 4357: 4231: 4163: 4004: 3936: 3871: 3699: 3672: 3630: 3605: 3581: 3562: 3546: 3513: 3383: 3356: 3340: 3238: 3155: 2882: 1898: 356:
said "Our planet has just endured a season of simmering — the hottest summer on record.
353: 291: 271: 10827: 10785: 10780: 10740: 10692: 10456: 10352: 10228: 9700: 9632: 9549: 9399: 9364: 9321: 9316: 9311: 8881: 8144: 8012: 7978:"Is green growth happening? An empirical analysis of achieved versus Paris-compliant CO 7958: 7839: 7777: 7672: 7596: 7421: 7248: 7136: 7093: 7080: 7039: 6990: 6908: 6840: 6531: 6353:
Büchs, Milena; Cass, Noel; Mullen, Caroline; Lucas, Karen; Ivanova, Diana (July 2023).
6309: 6166: 5973: 5777: 5587: 5027: 4620: 4546: 4475: 4377: 4258: 4215: 4190: 4147: 4085: 4034: 3966: 3953: 3920: 3901: 3888: 3855: 3527: 3268: 3185: 2569: 2552: 2539: 2240: 2065: 1698: 1499: 1157: 764:
7 April: citing reduced air density caused by global warming, a study published in the
570: 342: 195: 185: 8476: 8000: 7828:"Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation" 7351:
Ivanovich, Catherine C.; Sun, Tianyi; Gordon, Doria R.; Ocko, Ilissa B. (March 2023).
7211:"Coal-exit alliance must confront freeriding sectors to propel Paris-aligned momentum" 6862: 5336:
Santer, Benjamin D.; Po-Chedley, Stephen; Zhao, Lilong; Taylor, Karl E. (8 May 2023).
4807:"It's Not Just Climate Change: Three Other Factors Driving This Summer's Extreme Heat" 4397:"Recent reduced abyssal overturning and ventilation in the Australian Antarctic Basin" 3988: 3673:"Air pollution deaths attributable to fossil fuels: observational and modelling study" 3222: 2509: 1160:
as a primary tactic", after 2022's traffic blockages and throwing soup on the case of
10702: 10577: 10523: 10322: 10307: 9934: 9597: 9342: 9108: 8896: 8859: 8646: 8600: 8442: 8148: 8072: 8016: 8004: 7962: 7875: 7781: 7769: 7696: 7676: 7572: 7532: 7425: 7401: 7400:
Jin, Yubin; Hu, Shijie; Ziegler, Alan D.; Gibson, Luke; et al. (13 March 2023).
7382: 7252: 7240: 7140: 7097: 7085: 7067: 6994: 6912: 6900: 6844: 6832: 6641: 6535: 6490: 6384: 6313: 6170: 6071: 6053: 5977: 5867: 5781: 5711: 5591: 5579: 5538: 5447: 5375: 5292: 5239: 5131: 5031: 5019: 4965: 4882: 4624: 4550: 4538: 4479: 4426: 4381: 4369: 4263: 4245: 4195: 4177: 4089: 4038: 4026: 3970: 3958: 3905: 3893: 3781: 3704: 3635: 3586: 3531: 3388: 3370: 3272: 3260: 3189: 3177: 3138: 2906: 2543: 2531: 2523: 2289: 1929: 1834: 1771: 1761: 1750:
to more than 1 terawatt, and agreed to accelerate the phase-out of unabated (without
1023: 965: 960: 942: 859: 725: 678: 449: 419: 403: 357: 346: 295: 8459: 8425: 7898:"Quantifying Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Human Deaths to Guide Energy Policy" 1041: 285:
Schematic overview on the central role of the Earth heat inventory and its linkages.
10657: 10652: 10627: 10426: 10399: 9977: 9544: 9527: 9468: 9359: 9123: 8842: 8715: 8651: 8197: 8134: 8062: 8054: 7996: 7950: 7909: 7865: 7857: 7759: 7751: 7662: 7522: 7413: 7372: 7230: 7126: 7075: 7059: 7009:"Earth is on track to exceed 1.5C warming in the next decade, study using AI finds" 6980: 6890: 6882: 6824: 6791: 6753: 6631: 6521: 6480: 6470: 6374: 6299: 6156: 6146: 6105: 6061: 6043: 5965: 5857: 5769: 5701: 5569: 5561: 5539:"Meta-analysis on necessary investment shifts to reach net zero pathways in Europe" 5437: 5429: 5365: 5357: 5282: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5207: 5177:"Heat pumps 'up to three times cheaper' than green hydrogen in Europe, study finds" 5121: 5058: 5009: 4999: 4955: 4947: 4872: 4864: 4786: 4776: 4610: 4528: 4518: 4465: 4416: 4361: 4253: 4235: 4185: 4167: 4077: 4066:"Changing intensity of hydroclimatic extreme events revealed by GRACE and GRACE-FO" 4016: 4008: 3948: 3940: 3883: 3875: 3831: 3771: 3761: 3694: 3684: 3625: 3617: 3576: 3566: 3517: 3378: 3360: 3250: 3242: 3167: 3159: 3007: 2896: 2886: 2865:
von Schuckmann, Karina; Minière, Audrey; Gues, Flora; et al. (17 April 2023).
2653: 2513: 2505: 1203: 1161: 950: 933: 897: 737: 721: 717: 631: 10064: 8090:
Chason, Rachel; Crowe, Kevin; Muyskens, John; Chikwendiu, Jahi (23 October 2023).
7931:"Climate change exacerbates snow-water-energy challenges for European ski tourism" 6863:"Global glacier change in the 21st century: Every increase in temperature matters" 5862: 5849: 5142: 3606:"Observed increases in North Atlantic tropical cyclone peak intensification rates" 1647: 1333:, and, partly based on historical data and economic analysis, concludes that such 10790: 10707: 10687: 10667: 10567: 10416: 9929: 9850: 9814: 9743: 9717: 9705: 9622: 9554: 9429: 9286: 8903: 8854: 8832: 7667: 7642: 6938: 6796: 6779: 6758: 6733: 6636: 6619: 6526: 6509: 6475: 6458: 6304: 6279: 6151: 6126: 5969: 5258: 5126: 5109: 4686:"Climate change causes a mountain peak frozen for thousands of years to collapse" 2973: 2778: 2773: 2265: 1693: 1543: 1539: 1522: 1503: 1487: 1456: 1400: 1284: 1244: 1191: 1132: 1056: 1033: 1015: 779: 713: 529: 510: 302: 200: 8035:"A cleaner snow future mitigates Northern Hemisphere snowpack loss from warming" 6189:"Young Montana residents bring climate change case to court for first time ever" 2492: 2273: 1070:(EEI) and allows for quantifying how much and where heat has accumulated in the 749:
greater access to the continental shelf and results in warming and aging of the
659:
concluded that 15 million people globally are exposed to impacts from potential
10817: 10712: 10612: 10540: 10327: 9882: 9738: 9680: 9675: 9517: 9406: 9138: 9133: 9128: 8981: 8918: 8656: 8636: 8595: 8516: 8139: 8114: 8058: 7954: 7861: 7755: 7417: 7377: 7352: 7235: 7210: 7131: 7112: 6828: 6620:"Model-based scenarios for achieving net negative emissions in the food system" 6379: 6354: 6127:"Time to pay the piper: Fossil fuel companies' reparations for climate damages" 6048: 5706: 5681: 5574: 5565: 5433: 5287: 5262: 5234: 5063: 5004: 4868: 4781: 4615: 4590: 4421: 4396: 4365: 4240: 4172: 4081: 3925:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3879: 3836: 3823: 3621: 3571: 3365: 3163: 2901: 2468:"Longer Report of the Synthesis Report of the IPCC Six Assessment Report (AR6)" 2059: 2024: 1946: 1921: 1888: 1758: 1655: 1651: 1643: 1554: 1377: 1365: 1207: 1195: 1103:
concluded that, subject to various uncertainties, "a global irreversible solar
1091:
provide "incontrovertible evidence of anthropogenic impact on Earth's climate".
1038: 1008: 1004: 996: 973: 495: 310: 236: 6579:
Black, Simon; Liu, Antung A.; Parry, Ian W.H.; Vernon, Nate (24 August 2023).
4523: 4506: 3766: 3749: 2891: 2866: 1996:
production, competing with other hard-to-decarbonize sectors and land-use (or
1701:
by 2050, though not adopting calls for a "complete phase-out" of fossil fuels.
1621:
in 2022 were $ 7 trillion ($ 13 million per minute), amounting to 7.1% of GDP.
948:
27 September: studying tropical cyclones from 1981–2017, a study published in
10887: 10800: 10755: 10735: 10557: 10332: 9955: 9887: 9612: 9434: 9419: 9354: 9249: 8202: 8155: 7796:"Driving to Clean Air: Health Benefits of Zero-Emission Cars and Electricity" 7536: 7386: 7244: 7071: 6836: 6645: 6494: 6388: 6329:"Europe should cap 'luxury' energy use to meet emissions targets, study says" 6057: 5871: 5715: 5583: 5296: 5243: 5135: 4470: 4430: 4249: 4181: 3785: 3547:"The global costs of extreme weather that are attributable to climate change" 3374: 3181: 3012: 2910: 2658: 2527: 1997: 1392: 1388: 1175: 907: 207: 190: 7322:"Meat, dairy and rice production will bust 1.5C climate target, shows study" 7063: 6886: 6661:"In a First, Nations at Climate Summit Agree to Move Away From Fossil Fuels" 6093: 6022:
Winkler, Lisa; Pearce, Drew; Nelson, Jenny; Babacan, Oytun (24 April 2023).
5651:"Fossil fuel producers must be forced to 'take back' carbon, say scientists" 5629:"French parliament votes to make solar panels compulsory on large car parks" 5361: 4826:"Drought affecting Panama Canal threatens 40% of world's cargo ship traffic" 4012: 3944: 3689: 3430:"Mass coral reef bleaching in Florida as ocean temperatures hit 100 degrees" 3246: 1848:
7 August: A global survey study of climate policy researchers, published in
1506:, and increase public acceptance of transformative climate action in Europe. 251:
2023 saw the highest global average surface temperature in recorded history.
10493: 10488: 10476: 10436: 10421: 10109: 9840: 9637: 9281: 9271: 8923: 8807: 8720: 8076: 8008: 7879: 7773: 7089: 6904: 6560:. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 13 December 2023. 6075: 5735: 5646: 5451: 5379: 5108:
Bromley, Benjamin C.; Khan, Sameer H.; Kenyon, Scott J. (8 February 2023).
5023: 4969: 4951: 4886: 4542: 4373: 4267: 4199: 4030: 3962: 3897: 3708: 3639: 3590: 3392: 3264: 3051:"Vital Signs of the Planet / Understanding our planet to benefit humankind" 2535: 2345: 1853: 1838: 1659: 1088: 1071: 883: 835: 831: 750: 483: 5944:
van Valkengoed, Anne M.; Steg, Linda; Perlaviciute, Goda (21 April 2023).
3139:"Global increase of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons from 2010 to 2020" 2076: 1778:
policies and that the effectiveness of these policies "is far from clear".
10607: 10562: 10431: 10404: 9867: 9384: 9376: 8631: 8274: 7527: 7502: 7472:"Greenland ice sheet close to point of no return, reveals computer model" 6985: 6960: 6485: 5773: 5492: 5489:"Climate Group Extinction Rebellion Suspends 'Public Disruption' Tactics" 5079:"Can shooting clouds of Moon dust towards the Sun combat global warming?" 4757:"The silent impact of underground climate change on civil infrastructure" 4216:"Suppressed basal melting in the eastern Thwaites Glacier grounding zone" 3522: 3497: 3495: 2387:
current climate change are disproportionately affected (high confidence).
2269: 1981: 1916:
concluded that the greatest increase in the amount of coastal area below
1747: 1667: 1632: 1307:, and responsibilities for solutions to these underlying economic issues. 1199: 525: 329:
implemented by the end of 2020 are "projected to result in higher global
325:
depends on choices now and in the near-term, with "high confidence" that
170: 8113:
Naughten, Kaitlin A.; Holland, Paul R.; De Rydt, Jan (23 October 2023).
7453:"Floating solar panels could provide over a third of global electricity" 6895: 6161: 4739:"World Meteorological Organization declares onset of El Niño conditions" 3799:
Wiatros-Motyka, Malgorzata; Fulghum, Nicolas; Jones, Dave (8 May 2024).
3776: 3255: 1791: 10672: 9899: 9276: 8323:"Nine breakthroughs for climate and nature in 2023 you may have missed" 8218:"Key measures could slash predicted 2050 emissions from cooling sector" 7914: 7897: 4902:"A first: Category 5 storms have formed in every ocean basin this year" 3747: 2158: 1483: 1443: 1292: 1187: 1049: 992: 824: 820: 770:
estimated global warming has enabled more than 500 excess home runs in
536: 439: 365: 318: 6110: 4533: 3072: 2867:"Heat stored in the Earth system 1960–2020: where does the energy go?" 2518: 1972:
by 2050 whose identified factors mainly are future demand, continuous
879:
phase, projected to contribute 0.14 °C (0.25 °F) of warming.
876: 682:
said that boreal fires, typically accounting for 10% of global fire CO
514: 10795: 10441: 8849: 7640: 6277: 5731:"New climate paper calls for charging big US oil firms with homicide" 4591:"Record low Antarctic sea ice coverage indicates a new sea ice state" 1917: 1766: 1478: 1349: 1326: 1304: 1045: 6813:"Shades of green growth scepticism among climate policy researchers" 6812: 6280:"Luxury-focused carbon taxation improves fairness of climate policy" 4988:"Seasonal advance of intense tropical cyclones in a warming climate" 3000:"The 2023 state of the climate report: Entering uncharted territory" 2841:"Secretary-General's opening remarks at press conference on climate" 2668: 2646:"The 2023 state of the climate report: Entering uncharted territory" 2581: 2493:"Defining and conceptualising the commercial determinants of health" 1692:, United Arab Emirates. Controversial because Emirati oil executive 1447:
estimated that the top 21 fossil fuel companies will owe cumulative
393:"Vital Signs of the Planet" as presented by NASA on 31 December 2023 7844: 3918: 3223:"Satellites reveal widespread decline in global lake water storage" 1861: 1558: 1111: 6253:"Could a carbon tax on luxury items be fairer and more effective?" 2823:"The 2023 Annual Climate Summary / Global Climate Highlights 2023" 708:
finds that glaciers on the icy continent may be more sensitive to
10622: 10572: 8827: 8485: 8228: 7690: 7688: 7686: 6430:. Montana First Judicial District Court, Lewis and Clark County. 5797:"EU lawmakers approve effective 2035 ban on new fossil fuel cars" 4709:"How the Worst Drought in a Century Is Changing the Panama Canal" 4645:. Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC). October 2023. 4504: 3481:. International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). 29 August 2023. 1993: 1857: 1510: 1429: 1338: 1172: 969: 911: 849: 694: 586: 4663:"Earth's climate shatters heat records. These 5 charts show how" 4446:"Global warming, home runs, and the future of America's pastime" 4148:"Heterogeneous melting near the Thwaites Glacier grounding line" 10446: 9835: 7548: 7546: 6235:"Global climate summit in Paris fails to agree ambitious plans" 5946:"The psychological distance of climate change is overestimated" 5599:"Notwendige Investitionen auf dem Weg zu Netto-Null-Emissionen" 4638: 3453:"Hot-tub-like Persian Gulf fuels 158-degree heat index in Iran" 3300:"August Climate Bulletins / Summer 2023: the hottest on record" 2008: 1296: 1218: 1211: 326: 309:
is published. It summarises the state of knowledge relating to
7683: 7555:"Boom and Bust Coal / Tracking the Global Coal Plant Pipeline" 7393: 7209:
Bi, Stephen L.; Bauer, Nico; Jewell, Jessica (February 2023).
7038:
Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Barnes, Elizabeth A. (7 February 2023).
6711:"G7 ministers set big new targets for solar and wind capacity" 5943: 5679: 5199: 5143:"Could space dust help protect the earth from climate change?" 4925: 9749:
Cooperative Mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
8837: 8350: 8106: 8089: 7599:. World Meteorological Organization. 17 May 2023. p. 2. 7302:. International Energy Agency. February 2023. pp. 6, 7. 6403:"G20 ministers fail to reach agreement on key climate issues" 5848:
Wood, Nathan; Lawlor, Rob; Freear, Josie (19 February 2023).
5819:"Rationing could be an effective way to fight climate change" 5256: 5206:
Weidner, Till; Guillén-Gosálbez, Gonzalo (15 February 2023).
3339:
Rockström, Johan; Gupta, Joyeeta; et al. (31 May 2023).
3111:"A Mysterious Rise in Banned Chemicals Is Warming the Planet" 2926:"For 2023, U.N. chief amplifies warnings on Ukraine, climate" 2745: 2695:. World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 30 November 2023. 1689: 872: 334: 7543: 6811:
King, Lewis C.; Savin, Ivan; Drews, Stefan (7 August 2023).
6777: 6732:
Olczak, Maria; Piebalgs, Andris; Balcombe, Paul (May 2023).
3821: 3050: 7928: 7104: 5467:"COP28 president says fossil fuels phasedown is inevitable" 4443: 4212: 3670: 3134: 2860: 2858: 2071:
with constant patterns, with ~75% of the projected warming
1829: 1396: 1300: 1252: 693:
found that total intensity of extreme events (droughts and
6860: 6355:"Emissions savings from equitable energy demand reduction" 6021: 5335: 4589:
Purich, Ariaan; Doddridge, Edward W. (13 September 2023).
4568:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 4144: 3798: 3332: 2559:. World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 21 April 2023. 732:
in the US, beating the previous record set a year earlier.
9925:
Illustrative model of greenhouse effect on climate change
8307:"The hottest summer in human history – a visual timeline" 8220:. United Nations Environment Programme. 5 December 2023. 8183: 7500: 7180:"Fighting Climate Change Was Costly. Now It's Profitable" 6954: 6952: 6616: 6456: 4584: 4582: 3856:"Glacial lake outburst floods threaten millions globally" 3853: 2864: 2477:. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. March 2023. 2457:. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. March 2023. 1852:, finds these experts substantially doubt the prevailing 1677:
to declare the "indivisible climate and nature crisis" a
1514: 1373: 1344:
March: the UN 2023 Water Conference was held in New York.
1277: 1000: 716:
than previously thought. Researchers used sensors and an
8028: 8026: 7821: 7819: 6773: 6771: 6769: 6091: 5415: 4312:"'Extreme situation': Antarctic sea ice hits record low" 3986: 3489: 3220: 2997: 2855: 2643: 1408:
Joint action is essential for planetary and human health
8264: 7896:
Pearce, Joshua M.; Parncutt, Richard (19 August 2023).
6418: 6416: 5621: 5481: 5205: 5044: 4921: 4919: 4498: 4394: 3849: 3847: 3310: 2582:
Committee on the Rights of the Child (22 August 2023).
2035:
will now potentially "dangerously delay" the phase-out.
1739: 8304: 8281: 8177: 8169:. International Energy Agency (IEA). 24 October 2023. 8112: 7694: 7350: 6959:
Vernimmen, Ronald; Hooijer, Aljosja (2 January 2023).
6949: 6731: 4700: 4579: 2815: 1486:
approaches or instruments would be more effective and
1357:
21 April: the Director General of the United Nations'
1337:(PCAs) could help states reduce emissions rapidly and 991:
8 February: Scientists in the U.S. propose mining the
928:
relationships no longer dominate sea ice variability".
9766:
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
8023: 7891: 7889: 7826:
Ditlevsen, Peter; Ditlevsen, Susanne (25 July 2023).
7816: 7723: 7444: 6766: 5038: 3989:"Record-high CO2 emissions from boreal fires in 2021" 3815: 3084: 2993: 2991: 814:
was more than twice that of any prior year of record.
8265:
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
7788: 7285: 7111:
Bergero, Candelaria; et al. (30 January 2023).
6856: 6854: 6704: 6702: 6413: 6352: 6182: 6180: 5939: 5937: 5409: 4916: 4900:
Livingston, Ian; Samenow, Jason (8 September 2023).
4836: 4677: 4343: 4057: 3844: 3538: 2804:
Timeline of sustainable energy research 2020–present
2715:. World Meteorological Organization. 19 March 2024. 724:
to study melting. One day earlier, a new record low
10094: 7623:. International Energy Agency (IEA). 14 June 2023. 6578: 6508:Vallone, Simona; Lambin, Eric F. (September 2023). 6210:Hanson, Amy Beth; Brown, Matthew (14 August 2023). 5682:"Extended producer responsibility for fossil fuels" 4799: 3982: 3980: 3824:"Carbon emissions from the 2023 Canadian wildfires" 3646: 3597: 3421: 2732: 1673:25 October: over 200 health journals called on the 528:, Florida, US, raising concerns about catastrophic 498:, and report many of the ESBs are already exceeded. 490:, propose that their framework may better enable a 8083: 7922: 7886: 7825: 7634: 7399: 7149:"We can't afford to offset our aviation emissions" 6683:"Technical dialogue of the first global stocktake" 6549: 6547: 6545: 5879:"Rationing: A fairer way to fight climate change?" 5537: 5491:. Voice of America. 1 January 2023. Archived from 4981: 4979: 4741:. World Meteorological Organization. 4 July 2023. 4339: 4337: 3801:"World passes 30% renewable electricity milestone" 3204:"Wind powers Britain more than gas for first time" 3137: 3043: 2988: 2948:"AR6 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2023 — IPCC" 2572:. World Meteorological Organization. 17 May 2023. 2491: 2264:rates in high-income countries are inadequate for 1498:(EDR), "capping energy use of the top quintile of 1014:3 March: After a study (31 Jan) indicated that in 579:European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 414:3 April: An unexplained rise of emissions of five 7037: 6851: 6709:Golubkov, Katya; Obayashi, Yuka (15 April 2023). 6699: 6652: 6425:"Findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order" 6395: 6226: 6177: 6118: 5996: 5934: 5386: 5107: 4899: 4893: 4748: 4437: 3444: 3292: 2607:to all people of good will on the climate crisis" 1399:carbon budget" in their case-study of London and 1391:levels, with a "decrease car distance driven and 945:were among the boundaries that had been exceeded. 629:28 August 2024: a study published in the journal 10885: 9966:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 7729: 7643:"Rising temperatures erode human sleep globally" 7612: 7610: 6958: 6708: 5847: 5788: 5631:. Radio France Internationale. 11 January 2023. 5458: 5261:; Weber, Urban; Wright, Matthew (3 March 2023). 4817: 4282:"Antarctic sea ice extent sets a new record low" 3977: 3545:Newman, Rebecca; Noy, Ilan (29 September 2023). 3399: 3214: 2631:. International Energy Agency. 24 October 2023. 1112:Political, economic, legal, and cultural actions 21:Overview of the events of 2023 in climate change 16:Overview of the events of 2023 in climate change 8290:"2023 is breaking all sorts of climate records" 8163:"World Energy Outlook 2023 / Executive summary" 7044:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 6675: 6542: 6203: 6087: 6085: 5536:Klaaßen, Lena; Steffen, Bjarne (January 2023). 5342:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 4976: 4928:"Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries" 4842: 4588: 4450:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 4334: 4116:"Vast glacier at mercy of sea warmth increases" 2917: 2322:has limited ability to prevent collapse of the 2103:the tipping point(s) of the Greenland ice sheet 1943:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1631:using a global food system model suggests that 1084:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 767:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 669:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 647: 8210: 8032: 7976:Vogel, Jefim; Hickel, Jason (September 2023). 7895: 7697:"Quantifying the human cost of global warming" 7113:"Pathways to net-zero emissions from aviation" 6810: 6659:Plumer, Brad; Bearak, Max (13 December 2023). 5535: 4507:"Mycorrhizal mycelium as a global carbon pool" 4064:Rodell, Matthew; Li, Bailing (13 March 2023). 3792: 3467: 3338: 3065: 2686:"Provisional State of the Global Climate 2023" 2437:. International Energy Agency. February 2023. 1937:30 January: Climate scientists predict, using 980: 384: 10080: 8706:History of climate change policy and politics 8501: 7607: 7597:"WMO Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update" 7589: 7353:"Future warming from global food consumption" 7265:Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research 7208: 6581:"IMF Fossil Fuel Subsidies Data: 2023 Update" 6507: 6125:Grasso, Marco; Heede, Richard (19 May 2023). 5418:"The momentum of the solar energy transition" 5329: 4824:Tracy, Ben; Novak, Analisa (23 August 2023). 4557: 3912: 3196: 2789:History of climate change policy and politics 2784:Fifth National Climate Assessment (NCA5) 2023 2586:. United Nations Commission on Human Rights. 2570:"WMO Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update" 2419:15,000 scientist signatories, 24 October 2023 1976:improvements, new short-haul engines, higher 1782: 1730:—U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change 1705: 1686:2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference 513:—the rise occurring near the beginning of an 8236:"AR6 Synthesis Report / Headline Statements" 7577:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6931: 6658: 6591: 6572: 6082: 5761: 4985: 4731: 4631: 3664: 2451:"AR6 Synthesis Report / Headline Statements" 1451:of $ 5.4 trillion over the period 2025–2050. 1318:emission levels for new cars sold from 2030. 1276:suggests that according to already-existing 216:For information on meteorology in 2023, see 8823:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation 8277:at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 7975: 6209: 6124: 5904: 5148:Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 4755:Rotta Loria, Alessandro F. (11 July 2023). 4754: 4022:1871.1/fb09cfab-b06b-4407-ba0e-82c032818c44 3020: 2490:Gilmore, Anna B; et al. (April 2023). 2372: 2234:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation 1742:ministers pledged to collectively increase 1570:2023 U.N. Climate Change Conference (COP28) 745:(AABW), opening a pathway that allows warm 218:Meteorology in the 21st century § 2023 10087: 10073: 10047: 10035: 9492: 8508: 8494: 7581:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 7319: 5850:"Rationing and Climate Change Mitigation*" 4823: 4660: 3450: 3302:. Copernicus Programme. 6 September 2023. 2966: 2833: 2352:°C per decade (1970–2010) to at least 0.27 1329:has been neglected as a policy option for 1052:with heat pumps is the fastest way to cut 10904:History of climate variability and change 10598:Environmental issues in the United States 9787: 9593:Adaptation strategies on the German coast 8731:United Nations Climate Change conferences 8333: 8287: 8201: 8138: 8066: 7982:–GDP decoupling in high-income countries" 7913: 7869: 7843: 7763: 7666: 7618:"Oil 2023: Analysis and forecast to 2028" 7560:. Global Energy Monitor. pp. 13–14. 7526: 7376: 7234: 7130: 7079: 6984: 6894: 6795: 6757: 6635: 6525: 6484: 6474: 6378: 6303: 6160: 6150: 6109: 6065: 6047: 5861: 5705: 5573: 5441: 5369: 5286: 5233: 5223: 5174: 5168: 5125: 5062: 5013: 5003: 4959: 4876: 4790: 4780: 4614: 4532: 4522: 4469: 4420: 4257: 4239: 4189: 4171: 4020: 3952: 3887: 3835: 3775: 3765: 3698: 3688: 3629: 3580: 3570: 3544: 3521: 3382: 3364: 3254: 3173:1983/9e103fef-e61c-49c7-a1a3-902540ec1d7c 3171: 3026: 3011: 2900: 2890: 2657: 2517: 1738:15 April: a communique from a meeting of 1602:— Outcome of the first global stocktake, 1198:, which it finds to be "most drastic for 985: 858:found that in urban settings, subsurface 10583:Effects of climate change on agriculture 9297:Co-benefits of climate change mitigation 6326: 5464: 5311:"New study shows Earth energy imbalance" 4566:"June 2023 ENSO update: El Niño is here" 4063: 3324:. Copernicus Programme. 5 October 2023. 2825:. Copernicus Programme. 9 January 2024. 2672:, U.S. Global Change Research Program. ( 2166: 1872: 1359:International Organization for Migration 1235:suggests that applying the principle of 1048:costs, a study indicates that replacing 805: 797: 593: 464: 456: 388: 280: 246: 9653:National Adaptation Programme of Action 9442:Land use, land-use change, and forestry 8270:World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 7110: 6555:"Outcome of the first global stocktake" 3341:"Safe and just Earth system boundaries" 2923: 2489: 2216:Oil 2023: Analysis and forecast to 2028 2125:Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update 2050:6 March: The highest-granularity study 1561:activities regarding a transition to a 10886: 10588:Effects of climate change on livestock 9302:Economics of climate change mitigation 9265:Gold Standard (carbon offset standard) 8783: 8611:Scientific consensus on climate change 8346:from the original on 27 December 2023. 8329:from the original on 18 December 2023. 8300:from the original on 24 December 2023. 7450: 7177: 6945:from the original on 15 February 2023. 6695:from the original on 9 September 2023. 6671:from the original on 13 December 2023. 6606:from the original on 8 September 2023. 6597: 6567:from the original on 13 December 2023. 6422: 6002: 5807:from the original on 15 February 2023. 5794: 5645: 5392: 5267:Communications Earth & Environment 4912:from the original on 8 September 2023. 4809:. 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United Nations. 14 February 2023. 6919:from the original on 12 January 2023 6437:from the original on 15 August 2023. 6222:from the original on 17 August 2023. 6186: 5728: 5405:from the original on 1 October 2023. 5175:Gabbatiss, Josh (23 February 2023). 5140:— Research institute press release: 4832:from the original on 29 August 2023. 4649:from the original on 25 October 2023 3604:Garner, Andra J. (19 October 2023). 3485:from the original on 29 August 2023. 3328:from the original on 5 October 2023. 3079:from the original on 6 January 2023. 2980:. United Nations. 6 September 2023. 2829:from the original on 9 January 2024. 2799:Politics of climate change § History 2590:from the original on 29 August 2023. 1786: 1520:14 August: the trial court judge in 1044:being 2–3 times more expensive than 428:roughly equivalent to that of the CO 352:6 September: U.N. Secretary-General 10731:Alternative fuel vehicle propulsion 9754:Nationally determined contributions 9464:Individual action on climate change 8674:World energy supply and consumption 8282:Surveys, summaries and report lists 8246:from the original on 22 March 2023. 7459:from the original on 17 March 2023. 7320:Carrington, Damian (6 March 2023). 6598:Prisco, Jacopo (7 September 2023). 6405:. EuroNews, with AP. 29 July 2023. 4661:Livingston, Ian (24 October 2023). 4572:from the original on 10 June 2023. 3463:from the original on 9 August 2023. 2719:from the original on 19 March 2024. 2563:from the original on 21 April 2023. 2484:from the original on 22 March 2023. 2461:from the original on 22 March 2023. 931:13 September: a study published in 921:13 September: a study published in 602:emissions by source of continued CO 559:29 September: a study published in 418:(CFCs), successfully banned by the 290:6 February: U.N. Secretary-General 13: 9893:Fixed anvil temperature hypothesis 8515: 7630:from the original on 14 June 2023. 7567:from the original on 7 April 2023. 7482:from the original on 23 April 2023 7470:Dixit, Mrigakshi (28 March 2023). 7432:from the original on 20 March 2023 7332:from the original on 21 April 2023 7273:from the original on 28 March 2023 7190:from the original on 28 March 2023 7147:Calma, Justine (31 January 2023). 6409:from the original on 29 July 2023. 6241:from the original on 24 June 2023. 6199:from the original on 12 June 2023. 5892:from the original on 25 March 2023 5829:from the original on 25 March 2023 5743:from the original on 21 April 2023 5393:Davies, Brittany (3 August 2023). 5187:from the original on 21 April 2023 4813:from the original on 28 July 2023. 4719:from the original on 20 June 2023. 4486:from the original on 12 April 2023 4096:from the original on 17 March 2023 3440:from the original on 26 July 2023. 3417:from the original on 21 June 2023. 3413:. Associated Press. 16 June 2023. 3108: 2851:from the original on 29 July 2023. 2709:"State of the Global Climate 2023" 2553:"State of the Global Climate 2022" 2417:—2023 State of the Climate Report 2148:—International Energy Agency (IEA) 1920:will occur in the early stages of 1210:", ~87€ billion above the planned 635:concluded that the June-September 584:29 November: a study published in 474:31 May: an international study in 426:. Their climate impact in 2020 is 14: 10925: 10378:pharmaceuticals and personal care 9820:Satellite temperature measurement 9425:forestry for carbon sequestration 8711:History of climate change science 8253: 7812:from the original on 7 June 2023. 7603:from the original on 17 May 2023. 6971:(1). American Geophysical Union. 6003:Borges, Anelise (21 April 2021). 5795:Abnett, Kate (14 February 2023). 5477:from the original on 8 June 2023. 4286:National Snow and Ice Data Center 4045:from the original on 5 March 2023 3811:from the original on 21 May 2024. 3451:Livingston, Ian (9 August 2023). 3210:from the original on 14 May 2023. 3094:. BloombergNEF. 26 January 2023. 2794:History of climate change science 2669:Fifth National Climate Assessment 2576:from the original on 17 May 2023. 2340:2 November: a study published in 2311:23 October: a study published in 1530:17 August: Scientists publish in 1097:17 October: a study published in 958:6 December: a study published in 730:National Snow and Ice Data Center 653:7 February: a study published in 568:19 October: a study published in 539:reached 70 °C (158 °F). 503:Copernicus Climate Change Service 400:National Snow and Ice Data Center 237:global warming and climate change 10853: 10852: 10841: 10529:decline in amphibian populations 10234:Deforestation and climate change 10046: 10034: 10023: 10022: 10010: 9671:Climate Change Performance Index 9050:Destruction of cultural heritage 8468: 8451: 8434: 8417: 8400: 8383: 8366: 8258: 8186:"Global warming in the pipeline" 7969: 7711:from the original on 3 June 2023 7494: 7463: 7344: 7313: 7293:"Electricity Market Report 2023" 7202: 7178:Marris, Emma (8 February 2023). 7171: 7145:— News article about the study: 7031: 7001: 6804: 6725: 6610: 6423:Seeley, Kathy (14 August 2023). 5854:Ethics, Policy & Environment 5765:Harvard Environmental Law Review 5212:Energy Conversion and Management 3279:from the original on 5 June 2023 2847:. United Nations. 27 July 2023. 2428:"Electricity Market Report 2023" 2393:—"Headline Statement A2" in the 2282:2 October: a study published in 2247:28 August: a study published in 2239:19 August: a study published in 1927:5 January: a study published in 1909:2 January: a study published in 1790: 1323:Ethics, Policy & Environment 1305:economic pressures or incentives 1273:Harvard Environmental Law Review 1237:extended producer responsibility 1081:8 May: a study published in the 890:24 August: a study published in 307:the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report 33:List of years in climate change 10663:Land surface effects on climate 10120:Environmental impact assessment 10096:Human impact on the environment 9810:Instrumental temperature record 9761:Sustainable Development Goal 13 6501: 6450: 6346: 6327:Niranjan, Ajit (17 July 2023). 6320: 6271: 6245: 6015: 5984:from the original on 5 May 2023 5841: 5811: 5755: 5722: 5673: 5639: 5596:— Expert reviews of the study: 5529: 5499: 5465:Alkousaa, Riham (8 June 2023). 5303: 5250: 5101: 5071: 4388: 4304: 4274: 4206: 4138: 4108: 3741: 3715: 3128: 3102: 2954:from the original on 2 May 2023 2613:. 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BBC. 14 December 2023. 5603:www.sciencemediacenter.de 4524:10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.027 3767:10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023 3754:Earth System Science Data 3006:. biad080 (12): 841–850. 2892:10.5194/essd-15-1675-2023 2871:Earth System Science Data 2652:. biad080 (12): 841–850. 2625:World Energy Outlook 2023 2597:"Apostolic Exhortation / 2368:global emissions in 2050. 2335:World Energy Outlook 2023 2320:greenhouse gas mitigation 2268:commitments and suggests 2204:American Lung Association 2195:projected that under all 1675:World Health Organization 1331:mitigating climate change 1117:Phasedown of fossil fuels 1076:climate change mitigation 1064:Earth System Science Data 549:31 August: an article in 522:National Data Buoy Center 488:intergenerational justice 10776:Environmental mitigation 10633:Greenhouse gas emissions 10593:Environmental insecurity 9920:Global warming potential 9727:International agreements 9374:Preserving and enhancing 8813:Arctic methane emissions 8735:Years in climate change 8642:Greenhouse gas emissions 8539:Causes of climate change 5707:10.1088/1748-9326/aca4e8 5110:"Dust as a solar shield" 4471:10.1175/BAMS-D-22-0235.1 2725: 2373:Significant publications 2324:West Antarctic Ice Sheet 2296:W/m (1995-2014) to 0.49 2256:5 September: A study in 1988:to compensate for non-CO 1970:aviation decarbonization 1949:will exceed 1.5 °C 1901:, U.N. Secretary-General 1654:, organic and inorganic 1636:greenhouse gas emissions 1627:6 September: A study in 1467:greenhouse gas emissions 1387:to levels comparable to 1372:identifies reduction of 1321:19 February: A study in 1285:chargeable with homicide 1226:French National Assembly 852:structures published in 830:20 June (reported): the 785:Greenhouse gas emissions 757:current is presented in 702:British Antarctic Survey 673:stressors are minimized. 422:of 1989, is reported in 313:with assessed levels of 274:, U.N. Secretary-General 10914:2023 in the environment 10823:Sustainable consumption 10164:Social ecology (ethics) 9951:Climate change scenario 9603:Disaster risk reduction 9255:Carbon emission trading 9065:U.S. insurance industry 9040:Civilizational collapse 8887:sea surface temperature 7064:10.1073/pnas.2207183120 6887:10.1126/science.abo1324 5362:10.1073/pnas.2300758120 4713:The Wall Street Journal 4013:10.1126/science.ade0805 3945:10.1073/pnas.2202388120 3690:10.1136/bmj-2023-077784 3247:10.1126/science.abo2812 2769:2023 in the environment 2060:global food consumption 2003:6 February: A study in 1968:outlines challenges of 1964:30 January: A study in 1939:artificial intelligence 1841:, enhance the national 1774:are covered by methane 1679:global health emergency 1640:sustainable food system 1638:could be possible in a 1563:sustainable food system 1496:energy demand reduction 1419:global health emergency 1376:travel activity as the 1270:25 January: A paper in 1231:12 January: A study in 1194:until 2035" within the 812:2023 Canadian wildfires 810:The area burned by the 637:2023 Canadian wildfires 622:8 May 2024 (reported): 611:5 December: the annual 505:said that for 11 days, 492:quantitative foundation 480:Earth system boundaries 239:—during the year 2023. 10766:Ecological engineering 10546:runaway climate change 9944:Research and modelling 9628:Nature-based solutions 9448:Nature-based solutions 9390:Carbon dioxide removal 9307:Fossil fuel divestment 9292:Climate risk insurance 9202:Small island countries 8818:Arctic sea ice decline 8353:2023 in climate change 8336:"2023 in Climate News" 8203:10.1093/oxfclm/kgad008 4952:10.1126/sciadv.adh2458 3029:"2023 in Climate News" 3013:10.1093/biosci/biad080 2678:Report in Brief, 144pp 2659:10.1093/biosci/biad080 2414: 2390: 2172: 2145: 1894: 1878: 1799:This section is empty. 1744:offshore wind capacity 1727: 1599: 1549:18 August: A study in 1509:July: at a meeting in 1502:" would be effective, 1424: 1385:reducing GHG emissions 1289:climate change effects 1265:nature-based solutions 1128: 1068:Earth energy imbalance 1062:17 April – A study in 986:Science and technology 815: 803: 755:Antarctic bottom water 747:circumpolar deep water 743:Antarctic Bottom Water 706:US Antarctic programme 607: 470: 462: 432:e from Denmark in 2018 394: 286: 267: 252: 10149:List of global issues 9905:Earth's energy budget 9788:Background and theory 9676:Climate crisis (term) 9348:Fossil fuel phase-out 9242:Economics and finance 9207:by individual country 9149:By country and region 9124:Security and conflict 9119:Psychological impacts 8803:Abrupt climate change 8726:Charles David Keeling 8559:By country and region 8294:MIT Technology Review 8119:Nature Climate Change 8039:Nature Communications 7935:Nature Climate Change 7832:Nature Communications 7736:Nature Communications 7701:Nature Sustainability 7406:Nature Sustainability 7357:Nature Climate Change 7215:Nature Climate Change 7118:Nature Sustainability 6817:Nature Sustainability 6028:Nature Communications 5545:Nature Climate Change 5422:Nature Communications 4849:Nature Communications 4401:Nature Climate Change 3860:Nature Communications 3551:Nature Communications 3322:climate.copernicus.eu 3206:. Drax. 10 May 2023. 2779:Climatology § History 2404: 2380: 2360:°C in the 2020s and 2 2314:Nature Climate Change 2285:Nature Communications 2250:Nature Climate Change 2225:Nature Communications 2192:Nature Communications 2179:Nature Sustainability 2170: 2135: 2114:Global Energy Monitor 2091:27 March: a study in 2085:Nature Sustainability 2056:Nature Climate Change 2011:as an aspect into an 2005:Nature Climate Change 1966:Nature Sustainability 1887:The consequences of ( 1881: 1876: 1850:Nature Sustainability 1713: 1648:fertilizer production 1619:fossil fuel subsidies 1617:reported that global 1572: 1410: 1381:transportation policy 1370:Nature Communications 1281:fossil fuel companies 1180:Nature Climate Change 1133:Sultan Ahmed al-Jaber 1119: 1100:Nature Communications 901:rapid intensification 893:Nature Communications 809: 801: 772:Major League Baseball 759:Nature Climate Change 656:Nature Communications 615:study finds fossil CO 597: 562:Nature Communications 494:for safeguarding the 468: 460: 392: 301:20 March – The final 284: 258: 250: 10751:Community resilience 10551:in the United States 10519:Biodiversity threats 10192:cannabis cultivation 10159:Planetary boundaries 10125:Environmental issues 10115:Ecological footprint 9734:Glasgow Climate Pact 9395:Carbon sequestration 8965:Mass mortality event 8102:on 26 February 2024. 7528:10.1029/2022GL101827 7513:(6): e2022GL101827. 6986:10.1029/2022EF002880 5774:10.2139/ssrn.4335779 4456:(aop): E1006–E1016. 4318:. 15 February 2023. 4288:. 14 February 2023. 4122:. 15 February 2023. 3523:10.1029/2023GL104910 2504:(10383): 1194–1213. 2395:AR6 Synthesis Report 2097:attempts to provide 1688:(COP28) convened in 1154:Extinction Rebellion 1028:planetary boundaries 868:Yale Environment 360 848:11 July: a study of 613:Global Carbon Budget 347:global climate goals 10813:Restoration ecology 10746:Climate engineering 10683:Ocean acidification 10673:Loss of green belts 10643:Holocene extinction 10638:Habitat destruction 10313:Environmental crime 9873:Climate sensitivity 9648:The Adaptation Fund 9104:Infectious diseases 9006:Social and economic 8340:Inside Climate News 8131:2023NatCC..13.1222N 8096:The Washington Post 8051:2023NatCo..14.6074H 7947:2023NatCC..13..935F 7854:2023NatCo..14.4254D 7748:2023NatCo..14.3139K 7659:2022OEart...5..534M 7519:2023GeoRL..5001827H 7369:2023NatCC..13..297I 7227:2023NatCC..13..130B 7056:2023PNAS..12007183D 7015:. 30 January 2023. 6977:2023EaFut..1102880V 6879:2023Sci...379...78R 6750:2023OEart...6..519O 6371:2023NatEn...8..758B 6296:2023OEart...6..884O 6143:2023OEart...6..459G 6040:2023NatCo..14.2357W 5962:2023OEart...6..362V 5918:. 3 February 2022. 5884:University of Leeds 5698:2023ERL....18a1005J 5649:(12 January 2023). 5575:20.500.11850/594937 5558:2023NatCC..13...58K 5354:2023PNAS..12000758S 5348:(20): e2300758120. 5279:2023ComEE...4...56A 5235:20.500.11850/599236 5152:. 8 February 2023. 5085:. 8 February 2023. 4944:2023SciA....9H2458R 4906:The Washington Post 4861:2023NatCo..14.5167L 4773:2023CmEng...2...44R 4667:The Washington Post 4607:2023ComEE...4..314P 4462:2023BAMS..104E1006C 4413:2023NatCC..13..537G 4358:2023Natur.615..841L 4232:2023Natur.614..479D 4164:2023Natur.614..471S 4005:2023Sci...379..912Z 3937:2023PNAS..12002388P 3872:2023NatCo..14..487T 3563:2023NatCo..14.6103N 3514:2023GeoRL..5004910B 3457:The Washington Post 3357:2023Natur.619..102R 3239:2023Sci...380..743Y 3156:2023NatGe..16..309W 3115:Scientific American 3033:Inside Climate News 2902:20.500.11850/619535 2883:2023ESSD...15.1675V 2603:of the Holy Father 2300:W/m (in 2081-2100). 2272:approaches such as 2184:human climate niche 2063:alone would lead to 1664:sustainable seafood 1449:climate reparations 1312:European Parliament 1216:sustainable finance 1208:rail infrastructure 912:cyclones/hurricanes 416:chlorofluorocarbons 376:Inside Climate News 10828:Waste minimization 10786:Mitigation banking 10781:Industrial ecology 10741:Cleaner production 10693:Resource depletion 10229:Corporate behavior 10187:animal agriculture 9444:(LULUCF and AFOLU) 9416:Forest management 9400:Direct air capture 9365:Sustainable energy 9322:Net zero emissions 9317:Low-carbon economy 9312:Green Climate Fund 9099:Indigenous peoples 8997:Plant biodiversity 8785:Effects and issues 8275:Climate indicators 7915:10.3390/en16166074 7050:(6): e2207183120. 6665:The New York Times 5495:on 1 January 2023. 4517:(11): PR560–R573. 3931:(8): e2202388120. 3727:cosmosmagazine.com 3610:Scientific Reports 3075:. 3 January 2023. 2173: 2110:Boom and Bust Coal 1951:in the next decade 1879: 1699:net zero emissions 1182:reports "required 1026:of staying within 1003:to form a shield ( 816: 804: 608: 571:Scientific Reports 471: 463: 395: 287: 253: 10881: 10880: 10703:Water degradation 10578:Ecological crisis 10524:biodiversity loss 10323:Industrialisation 10308:Genetic pollution 10154:Impact assessment 10062: 10061: 10000: 9999: 9996: 9995: 9935:Radiative forcing 9778: 9777: 9774: 9773: 9598:Adaptive capacity 9483: 9482: 9479: 9478: 9343:Energy transition 9219: 9218: 9215: 9214: 8934:Tropical cyclones 8860:Urban heat island 8774: 8773: 8686: 8685: 8682: 8681: 8647:Carbon accounting 8601:Greenhouse effect 8567: 8566: 8125:(11): 1222–1228. 6823:(11): 1316–1320. 6721:on 19 April 2023. 6443:6, 8, and 9 at p. 6111:10.1136/bmj.p2355 6011:on 30 April 2023. 5051:Nature Geoscience 4639:"Fire Statistics" 4352:(7954): 841–847. 4226:(7948): 479–485. 4158:(7948): 471–478. 3999:(6635): 912–917. 3805:Ember-climate.org 3760:(12): 5301–5369. 3729:. 5 December 2023 3351:(7968): 102–111. 3233:(6646): 743–749. 3144:Nature Geoscience 3109:Harvey, Chelsea. 2290:radiative forcing 1835:national identity 1819: 1818: 1772:methane emissions 1310:14 February: the 1251:at an affordable 1243:could deconflict 1204:electricity grids 1158:public disruption 1030:is possible only 964:said that marine 961:Nature Geoscience 943:radiative forcing 726:Antarctic sea ice 442:Electric Insights 437:Reported 10 May: 424:Nature Geoscience 420:Montreal Protocol 404:Antarctic sea ice 358:Climate breakdown 214: 213: 39: 38: 10921: 10856: 10855: 10845: 10844: 10678:Phosphorus cycle 10658:Land consumption 10653:Land degradation 10628:Freshwater cycle 10427:Overexploitation 10400:marine pollution 10207:cocoa production 10089: 10082: 10075: 10066: 10065: 10050: 10049: 10038: 10037: 10026: 10025: 10015: 10014: 10013: 9978:Paleoclimatology 9795: 9794: 9784: 9783: 9545:Ecological grief 9528:Climate movement 9503: 9502: 9489: 9488: 9469:Plant-based diet 9360:Renewable energy 9238: 9237: 9225: 9224: 9060:Economic impacts 8987:Invasive species 8843:Coastal flooding 8793: 8792: 8780: 8779: 8716:Svante Arrhenius 8692: 8691: 8662:from agriculture 8652:Carbon footprint 8637:Greenhouse gases 8586: 8585: 8573: 8572: 8525: 8524: 8510: 8503: 8496: 8487: 8486: 8481: 8480:from Wikiversity 8473: 8472: 8471: 8464: 8456: 8455: 8454: 8447: 8439: 8438: 8437: 8430: 8422: 8421: 8420: 8413: 8405: 8404: 8403: 8396: 8388: 8387: 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Archived from 6706: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6687: 6679: 6673: 6672: 6656: 6650: 6649: 6639: 6614: 6608: 6607: 6595: 6589: 6588: 6576: 6570: 6569:Section II.A.28. 6568: 6566: 6559: 6551: 6540: 6539: 6529: 6520:(9): 1213–1226. 6505: 6499: 6498: 6488: 6478: 6454: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6436: 6429: 6420: 6411: 6410: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6382: 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6324: 6318: 6317: 6307: 6275: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6264: 6249: 6243: 6242: 6230: 6224: 6223: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6184: 6175: 6174: 6164: 6154: 6122: 6116: 6115: 6113: 6089: 6080: 6079: 6069: 6051: 6019: 6013: 6012: 6000: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5941: 5932: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5908: 5902: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5875: 5865: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5815: 5809: 5808: 5792: 5786: 5785: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5709: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5616: 5614: 5595: 5577: 5541: 5533: 5527: 5526: 5524: 5522: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5485: 5479: 5478: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5445: 5413: 5407: 5406: 5390: 5384: 5383: 5373: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5322: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5290: 5259:Kemfert, Claudia 5254: 5248: 5247: 5237: 5227: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5194: 5192: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5139: 5129: 5105: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5075: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5042: 5036: 5035: 5017: 5007: 4983: 4974: 4973: 4963: 4938:(37): eadh2458. 4932:Science Advances 4923: 4914: 4913: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4880: 4840: 4834: 4833: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4803: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4784: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4735: 4729: 4720: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4696:on 26 June 2023. 4692:. 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under" 3069: 3063: 3062: 3055:climate.NASA.gov 3047: 3041: 3040: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3015: 2995: 2986: 2985: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2921: 2915: 2914: 2904: 2894: 2877:(4): 1675–1709. 2862: 2853: 2852: 2837: 2831: 2830: 2819: 2756: 2749: 2743: 2736: 2720: 2703: 2701: 2690: 2663: 2661: 2639: 2637: 2630: 2618: 2591: 2577: 2564: 2547: 2521: 2495: 2485: 2483: 2472: 2462: 2445: 2443: 2432: 2420: 2412: 2409: 2397: 2388: 2385: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2329:24 October: the 2299: 2295: 2274:demand reduction 2232:collapse of the 2151: 2143: 2140: 2108:5 April: in its 2100: 2064: 1952: 1904: 1903:14 February 2023 1899:António Guterres 1892: 1886: 1814: 1811: 1801:You can help by 1794: 1787: 1733: 1732:8 September 2023 1725: 1723: 1718: 1608: 1607:13 December 2023 1596: 1593: 1588: 1585: 1579: 1577: 1436: 1433:medical journal 1422: 1415: 1301:responsibilities 1224:11 January: the 1162:Vincent van Gogh 1147: 1126: 1124: 1042:hydrogen heating 1036: 1016:building heating 934:Science Advances 898:tropical cyclone 722:Thwaites glacier 718:underwater robot 641:carbon emissions 354:António Guterres 292:António Guterres 277: 272:António Guterres 265: 263: 28: 27: 24: 23: 10929: 10928: 10924: 10923: 10922: 10920: 10919: 10918: 10894:2023 in science 10884: 10883: 10882: 10877: 10832: 10791:Organic farming 10717: 10708:Water pollution 10688:Ozone depletion 10668:Loss and damage 10568:Desertification 10505: 10417:Overconsumption 10338:cleaning agents 10239:Energy industry 10202:meat production 10168: 10098: 10093: 10063: 10058: 10011: 10009: 9992: 9939: 9930:Orbital forcing 9824: 9789: 9770: 9744:Paris Agreement 9722: 9718:Warming stripes 9657: 9623:Managed retreat 9618:Loss and damage 9579: 9513:Business action 9497: 9475: 9452: 9375: 9369: 9326: 9287:Climate finance 9232: 9211: 9143: 9001: 8977:Extinction risk 8953:Flora and fauna 8948: 8909:Permafrost thaw 8904:Ozone depletion 8833:Extreme weather 8787: 8770: 8697: 8678: 8615: 8580: 8563: 8530: 8519: 8514: 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6676: 6657: 6653: 6630:(9): e0000181. 6615: 6611: 6596: 6592: 6577: 6573: 6564: 6557: 6553: 6552: 6543: 6506: 6502: 6469:(8): e0000190. 6455: 6451: 6444: 6440: 6434: 6427: 6421: 6414: 6401: 6400: 6396: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6325: 6321: 6276: 6272: 6262: 6260: 6251: 6250: 6246: 6231: 6227: 6208: 6204: 6185: 6178: 6123: 6119: 6090: 6083: 6020: 6016: 6001: 5997: 5987: 5985: 5942: 5935: 5925: 5923: 5910: 5909: 5905: 5895: 5893: 5877: 5846: 5842: 5832: 5830: 5817: 5816: 5812: 5793: 5789: 5760: 5756: 5746: 5744: 5727: 5723: 5678: 5674: 5664: 5662: 5644: 5640: 5627: 5626: 5622: 5612: 5610: 5597: 5534: 5530: 5520: 5518: 5505: 5504: 5500: 5487: 5486: 5482: 5463: 5459: 5414: 5410: 5391: 5387: 5334: 5330: 5320: 5318: 5317:. 19 April 2023 5309: 5308: 5304: 5255: 5251: 5204: 5200: 5190: 5188: 5173: 5169: 5159: 5157: 5141: 5120:(2): e0000133. 5106: 5102: 5092: 5090: 5077: 5076: 5072: 5043: 5039: 4998:(7985): 83–89. 4984: 4977: 4924: 4917: 4898: 4894: 4841: 4837: 4822: 4818: 4805: 4804: 4800: 4753: 4749: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4705: 4701: 4682: 4678: 4652: 4650: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4587: 4580: 4562: 4558: 4511:Current Biology 4503: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4442: 4438: 4393: 4389: 4342: 4335: 4325: 4323: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4295: 4293: 4280: 4279: 4275: 4211: 4207: 4143: 4139: 4129: 4127: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4099: 4097: 4062: 4058: 4048: 4046: 3985: 3978: 3917: 3913: 3852: 3845: 3820: 3816: 3797: 3793: 3746: 3742: 3732: 3730: 3721: 3720: 3716: 3669: 3665: 3652: 3651: 3647: 3602: 3598: 3543: 3539: 3494: 3490: 3473: 3472: 3468: 3449: 3445: 3434:Popular Science 3426: 3422: 3405: 3404: 3400: 3337: 3333: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3282: 3280: 3219: 3215: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3133: 3129: 3119: 3117: 3107: 3103: 3090: 3089: 3085: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3025: 3021: 2996: 2989: 2972: 2971: 2967: 2957: 2955: 2946: 2945: 2941: 2922: 2918: 2863: 2856: 2839: 2838: 2834: 2821: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2774:2023 in science 2765: 2760: 2759: 2750: 2746: 2737: 2733: 2728: 2707: 2706:19 March 2024: 2699: 2688: 2684: 2674:overview, 47 pp 2635: 2628: 2622: 2595: 2568: 2551: 2481: 2470: 2466: 2449: 2441: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2416: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2399: 2392: 2383: 2382: 2379: 2375: 2364:°C before 2050. 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2346:James E. Hansen 2305:Washington Post 2297: 2293: 2266:Paris Agreement 2153: 2149: 2147: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2058:, reports that 2054:, published in 2029:highly unlikely 2015:, showing that 1991: 1985: 1906: 1902: 1896: 1884: 1883: 1871: 1824: 1815: 1809: 1806: 1785: 1735: 1731: 1729: 1721: 1716: 1715: 1712: 1708: 1694:Sultan Al Jaber 1656:soil amendments 1652:livestock feeds 1613:24 August: the 1610: 1606: 1601: 1594: 1591: 1586: 1583: 1575: 1574: 1571: 1540:climate finance 1523:Held v. Montana 1494:finds that for 1484:carbon taxation 1457:Held v. Montana 1438: 1434: 1426: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1401:electrification 1317: 1260: 1245:energy security 1214:and in need of 1149: 1145: 1140: 1130: 1122: 1121: 1118: 1114: 1057:gas consumption 1034:electrification 988: 983: 966:methane hydrate 896:concluded that 780:Current Biology 714:sea temperature 685: 650: 618: 605: 601: 556:warmer by 2100. 530:coral bleaching 511:Paris Agreement 431: 398:3 January: the 387: 279: 275: 269: 261: 260: 257: 245: 221: 205: 162: 121: 83: 22: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10927: 10917: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10899:Climate change 10896: 10879: 10878: 10876: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10849: 10837: 10834: 10833: 10831: 10830: 10825: 10820: 10818:Sustainability 10815: 10810: 10809: 10808: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10727: 10725: 10719: 10718: 10716: 10715: 10713:Water scarcity 10710: 10705: 10700: 10695: 10690: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10650: 10648:Nitrogen cycle 10645: 10640: 10635: 10630: 10625: 10620: 10615: 10613:Forest dieback 10610: 10605: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10554: 10553: 10548: 10541:Climate change 10538: 10537: 10536: 10531: 10526: 10515: 10513: 10507: 10506: 10504: 10503: 10498: 10497: 10496: 10486: 10485: 10484: 10479: 10474: 10469: 10459: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10408: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10382: 10381: 10380: 10375: 10370: 10365: 10360: 10358:nanotechnology 10355: 10350: 10345: 10340: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10304: 10303: 10298: 10293: 10288: 10283: 10278: 10273: 10263: 10262: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10236: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10220: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10178: 10176: 10170: 10169: 10167: 10166: 10161: 10156: 10151: 10146: 10145: 10144: 10142:on marine life 10134: 10133: 10132: 10130:list of issues 10122: 10117: 10112: 10106: 10104: 10100: 10099: 10092: 10091: 10084: 10077: 10069: 10060: 10059: 10057: 10056: 10044: 10032: 10020: 10005: 10002: 10001: 9998: 9997: 9994: 9993: 9991: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9974: 9973: 9963: 9958: 9953: 9947: 9945: 9941: 9940: 9938: 9937: 9932: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9896: 9895: 9885: 9883:Cloud feedback 9880: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9864: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9838: 9832: 9830: 9826: 9825: 9823: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9801: 9799: 9791: 9790: 9780: 9779: 9776: 9775: 9772: 9771: 9769: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9757: 9756: 9751: 9741: 9739:Kyoto Protocol 9736: 9730: 9728: 9724: 9723: 9721: 9720: 9715: 9714: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9693: 9691:Media coverage 9688: 9683: 9681:Climate spiral 9678: 9673: 9667: 9665: 9659: 9658: 9656: 9655: 9650: 9645: 9640: 9635: 9630: 9625: 9620: 9615: 9610: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9589: 9587: 9581: 9580: 9578: 9577: 9572: 9570:Public opinion 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9536: 9535: 9525: 9520: 9518:Climate action 9515: 9509: 9507: 9499: 9498: 9485: 9484: 9481: 9480: 9477: 9476: 9474: 9473: 9472: 9471: 9460: 9458: 9454: 9453: 9451: 9450: 9445: 9439: 9438: 9437: 9432: 9430:REDD and REDD+ 9427: 9422: 9414: 9409: 9407:Carbon farming 9404: 9403: 9402: 9397: 9387: 9381: 9379: 9371: 9370: 9368: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9351: 9350: 9340: 9334: 9332: 9328: 9327: 9325: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9309: 9304: 9299: 9294: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9269: 9268: 9267: 9257: 9252: 9246: 9244: 9234: 9233: 9221: 9220: 9217: 9216: 9213: 9212: 9210: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9153: 9151: 9145: 9144: 9142: 9141: 9139:Water security 9136: 9134:Water scarcity 9131: 9129:Urban flooding 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9090: 9089: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9068: 9067: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9026: 9025: 9020: 9009: 9007: 9003: 9002: 9000: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8982:Forest dieback 8979: 8974: 8969: 8968: 8967: 8956: 8954: 8950: 8949: 8947: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8919:Sea level rise 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8900: 8899: 8894: 8892:stratification 8889: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8864: 8863: 8862: 8857: 8847: 8846: 8845: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8799: 8797: 8789: 8788: 8776: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8769: 8768: 8767: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8702: 8699: 8698: 8688: 8687: 8684: 8683: 8680: 8679: 8677: 8676: 8671: 8670: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8657:Carbon leakage 8654: 8649: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8623: 8621: 8617: 8616: 8614: 8613: 8608: 8598: 8596:Climate system 8592: 8590: 8582: 8581: 8569: 8568: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8535: 8532: 8531: 8521: 8520: 8517:Climate change 8513: 8512: 8505: 8498: 8490: 8483: 8482: 8465: 8463:from Wikibooks 8448: 8431: 8429:from Wikiquote 8414: 8397: 8380: 8351: 8349: 8348: 8331: 8319: 8302: 8283: 8280: 8279: 8278: 8272: 8267: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8254:External links 8252: 8250: 8249: 8227: 8209: 8176: 8154: 8105: 8082: 8022: 7979: 7968: 7941:(9): 935–942. 7921: 7885: 7815: 7787: 7742:(3139): 3139. 7722: 7682: 7653:(5): 534–549. 7633: 7606: 7588: 7542: 7493: 7462: 7443: 7412:(7): 865–874. 7392: 7363:(3): 297–302. 7343: 7312: 7284: 7221:(2): 130–139. 7201: 7170: 7125:(4): 404–414. 7103: 7030: 7000: 6965:Earth's Future 6948: 6930: 6850: 6803: 6765: 6744:(5): 519–535. 6724: 6698: 6674: 6651: 6609: 6590: 6571: 6541: 6500: 6449: 6412: 6394: 6365:(7): 758–769. 6345: 6319: 6290:(7): 884–898. 6270: 6259:. 12 July 2023 6244: 6225: 6202: 6176: 6137:(5): 459–463. 6117: 6081: 6014: 5995: 5956:(4): 362–391. 5933: 5903: 5840: 5810: 5787: 5754: 5721: 5672: 5638: 5620: 5528: 5498: 5480: 5457: 5408: 5385: 5328: 5315:public.wmo.int 5302: 5249: 5198: 5167: 5150:via EurekAlert 5100: 5070: 5037: 4975: 4915: 4892: 4835: 4816: 4798: 4747: 4730: 4699: 4676: 4630: 4578: 4556: 4497: 4436: 4407:(6): 537–544. 4387: 4333: 4303: 4273: 4205: 4137: 4107: 4076:(3): 241–248. 4056: 3976: 3911: 3843: 3814: 3791: 3740: 3714: 3663: 3645: 3596: 3557:(6103): 6103. 3537: 3488: 3466: 3443: 3420: 3398: 3331: 3309: 3291: 3213: 3195: 3150:(4): 309–313. 3127: 3101: 3083: 3064: 3042: 3019: 2987: 2965: 2939: 2916: 2854: 2832: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2807: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2744: 2730: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2704: 2681: 2664: 2640: 2619: 2592: 2578: 2565: 2548: 2486: 2463: 2446: 2401: 2400: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2338: 2327: 2309: 2303:23 October: a 2301: 2280: 2254: 2245: 2237: 2220: 2208: 2207:lost workdays. 2200: 2187: 2165: 2164: 2132: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2118: 2106: 2089: 2080: 2048: 2038:February: the 2036: 2025:coal phase-out 2001: 1989: 1983: 1962: 1947:global warming 1935: 1925: 1922:sea level rise 1918:mean sea level 1912:Earth's Future 1889:sea level rise 1880: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1865: 1846: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1816: 1797: 1795: 1784: 1781: 1780: 1779: 1759:policies study 1755: 1748:solar capacity 1710: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1702: 1682: 1671: 1625: 1622: 1598: 1597: 1589: 1569: 1568: 1567: 1566: 1553:investigating 1547: 1536:transformative 1528: 1518: 1507: 1504:more equitable 1474: 1463: 1452: 1407: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1378:most important 1362: 1355: 1345: 1342: 1319: 1315: 1308: 1268: 1258: 1249:climate policy 1229: 1222: 1169: 1116: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1095: 1092: 1079: 1060: 1012: 1009:global warming 1005:space sunshade 987: 984: 982: 979: 978: 977: 974:greenhouse gas 956: 946: 929: 919: 904: 888: 880: 863: 846: 839: 828: 796: 795: 788: 775: 762: 733: 698: 687: 683: 674: 664: 649: 646: 645: 644: 627: 620: 616: 603: 599: 592: 591: 582: 575: 566: 557: 547: 542:29 August: an 540: 533: 518: 517:warming phase. 499: 496:global commons 455: 454: 445: 435: 429: 412: 408: 402:reported that 386: 383: 382: 381: 371: 361: 350: 311:climate change 299: 255: 254: 244: 241: 212: 211: 204: 203: 198: 193: 188: 183: 178: 173: 167: 164: 163: 161: 160: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 116: 111: 106: 99: 94: 89: 84: 78: 73: 68: 63: 58: 53: 44: 41: 40: 37: 36: 34: 31: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10926: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10891: 10889: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10850: 10848: 10839: 10838: 10835: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10807: 10804: 10803: 10802: 10801:Reforestation 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10756:Cultured meat 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10736:Birth control 10734: 10732: 10729: 10728: 10726: 10724: 10720: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10699: 10696: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10558:Deforestation 10556: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10543: 10542: 10539: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10525: 10522: 10521: 10520: 10517: 10516: 10514: 10512: 10508: 10502: 10499: 10495: 10492: 10491: 10490: 10487: 10483: 10480: 10478: 10475: 10473: 10470: 10468: 10465: 10464: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10387: 10386: 10383: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10336: 10335: 10334: 10333:Manufacturing 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10302: 10299: 10297: 10294: 10292: 10289: 10287: 10284: 10282: 10281:nuclear power 10279: 10277: 10276:fracking (US) 10274: 10272: 10269: 10268: 10267: 10264: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10250: 10247: 10245: 10242: 10241: 10240: 10237: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10184: 10183: 10180: 10179: 10177: 10175: 10171: 10165: 10162: 10160: 10157: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10143: 10140: 10139: 10138: 10135: 10131: 10128: 10127: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10107: 10105: 10101: 10097: 10090: 10085: 10083: 10078: 10076: 10071: 10070: 10067: 10055: 10054: 10045: 10043: 10042: 10033: 10031: 10030: 10021: 10019: 10018: 10007: 10006: 10003: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9972: 9969: 9968: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9956:Climate model 9954: 9952: 9949: 9948: 9946: 9942: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9894: 9891: 9890: 9889: 9888:Cloud forcing 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9843: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9833: 9831: 9827: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9802: 9800: 9796: 9792: 9785: 9781: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9746: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9731: 9729: 9725: 9719: 9716: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9698: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9668: 9666: 9664: 9663:Communication 9660: 9654: 9651: 9649: 9646: 9644: 9643:Vulnerability 9641: 9639: 9636: 9634: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9613:Flood control 9611: 9609: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9590: 9588: 9586: 9582: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9534: 9531: 9530: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9510: 9508: 9504: 9500: 9496: 9490: 9486: 9470: 9467: 9466: 9465: 9462: 9461: 9459: 9455: 9449: 9446: 9443: 9440: 9436: 9435:reforestation 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9420:afforestation 9418: 9417: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9392: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9382: 9380: 9378: 9372: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9355:Nuclear power 9353: 9349: 9346: 9345: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9335: 9333: 9329: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9298: 9295: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9266: 9263: 9262: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9250:Carbon budget 9248: 9247: 9245: 9243: 9239: 9235: 9231: 9226: 9222: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9154: 9152: 9150: 9146: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9088: 9087:Mental health 9085: 9084: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9066: 9063: 9062: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9024: 9023:United States 9021: 9019: 9016: 9015: 9014: 9011: 9010: 9008: 9004: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8966: 8963: 8962: 8961: 8958: 8957: 8955: 8951: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8877:deoxygenation 8875: 8873: 8872:acidification 8870: 8869: 8868: 8865: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8852: 8851: 8848: 8844: 8841: 8840: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8800: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8786: 8781: 8777: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8736: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8703: 8700: 8693: 8689: 8675: 8672: 8668: 8667:from wetlands 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8644: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8627:Deforestation 8625: 8624: 8622: 8618: 8612: 8609: 8606: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8593: 8591: 8587: 8583: 8579: 8574: 8570: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8533: 8526: 8522: 8518: 8511: 8506: 8504: 8499: 8497: 8492: 8491: 8488: 8479: 8478: 8466: 8462: 8461: 8449: 8445: 8444: 8432: 8428: 8427: 8415: 8412:from Wikinews 8411: 8410: 8398: 8394: 8393: 8381: 8377: 8376: 8364: 8363: 8360: 8354: 8345: 8341: 8337: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8320: 8316: 8312: 8308: 8303: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8286: 8285: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8259:Organizations 8245: 8241: 8237: 8231: 8223: 8219: 8213: 8204: 8199: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8180: 8172: 8168: 8164: 8158: 8150: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8124: 8120: 8116: 8109: 8101: 8097: 8093: 8086: 8078: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8060: 8056: 8052: 8048: 8044: 8040: 8036: 8029: 8027: 8018: 8014: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7990: 7983: 7972: 7964: 7960: 7956: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7940: 7936: 7932: 7925: 7916: 7911: 7907: 7903: 7899: 7892: 7890: 7881: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7863: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7822: 7820: 7808: 7804: 7797: 7791: 7783: 7779: 7775: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7733: 7726: 7710: 7706: 7702: 7698: 7691: 7689: 7687: 7678: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7637: 7626: 7619: 7613: 7611: 7602: 7598: 7592: 7584: 7580: 7574: 7563: 7556: 7549: 7547: 7538: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7497: 7481: 7477: 7473: 7466: 7458: 7454: 7447: 7431: 7427: 7423: 7419: 7415: 7411: 7407: 7403: 7396: 7388: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7370: 7366: 7362: 7358: 7354: 7347: 7331: 7327: 7323: 7316: 7305: 7301: 7294: 7288: 7272: 7268: 7266: 7261: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7216: 7212: 7205: 7189: 7185: 7181: 7174: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7142: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7124: 7120: 7119: 7114: 7107: 7099: 7095: 7091: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7045: 7041: 7034: 7018: 7014: 7010: 7004: 6996: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6966: 6962: 6955: 6953: 6944: 6940: 6934: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6876: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6857: 6855: 6846: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6807: 6798: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6760: 6755: 6751: 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1836: 1832: 1831: 1826: 1825: 1813: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1793: 1789: 1788: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1736: 1734: 1726: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1590: 1582: 1581: 1580: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1519: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1492:Nature Energy 1489: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1458: 1453: 1450: 1446: 1445: 1440: 1439: 1437: 1432: 1431: 1423: 1420: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1393:car ownership 1390: 1389:carbon budget 1386: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1325:reports that 1324: 1320: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1279: 1275: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1176:meta-analysis 1174: 1171:5 January: A 1170: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1138: 1134: 1127: 1106: 1105:tipping point 1102: 1101: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1080: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1040: 1035: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 989: 975: 971: 967: 963: 962: 957: 953: 952: 947: 944: 940: 936: 935: 930: 926: 925: 920: 917: 913: 909: 905: 902: 899: 895: 894: 889: 885: 881: 878: 874: 870: 869: 864: 861: 857: 856: 851: 847: 844: 840: 837: 833: 829: 826: 822: 818: 817: 813: 808: 800: 793: 789: 786: 782: 781: 776: 773: 769: 768: 763: 760: 756: 752: 751:abyssal ocean 748: 744: 740: 739: 734: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 696: 692: 688: 681: 680: 675: 671: 670: 665: 662: 658: 657: 652: 651: 642: 638: 634: 633: 628: 625: 621: 614: 610: 609: 596: 589: 588: 583: 580: 576: 573: 572: 567: 564: 563: 558: 554: 553: 548: 545: 541: 538: 534: 531: 527: 523: 520:24 July: the 519: 516: 512: 508: 504: 501:15 June: the 500: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 472: 467: 459: 452: 451: 446: 443: 441: 436: 433: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 396: 391: 378: 377: 373:27 December: 372: 369: 367: 362: 359: 355: 351: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 297: 293: 289: 288: 283: 278: 273: 266: 249: 240: 238: 234: 230: 226: 219: 210: 209: 202: 199: 197: 194: 192: 189: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 172: 169: 168: 166: 165: 159: 156: 153: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 107: 105: 104: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 82: 79: 77: 74: 72: 69: 67: 64: 62: 59: 57: 54: 52: 49: 46: 45: 43: 42: 35: 32: 30: 29: 26: 25: 19: 10494:urban sprawl 10489:Urbanization 10437:Particulates 10422:Overdrafting 10137:Human impact 10110:Anthropocene 10051: 10039: 10027: 10008: 9841:Carbon cycle 9798:Measurements 9493:Society and 9377:carbon sinks 9282:Climate debt 9272:Carbon price 9094:Human rights 8924:Season creep 8882:heat content 8808:Anoxic event 8758: 8721:James Hansen 8475: 8458: 8441: 8424: 8407: 8395:from Commons 8390: 8373: 8352: 8339: 8311:The Guardian 8310: 8293: 8239: 8230: 8212: 8193: 8189: 8179: 8166: 8157: 8122: 8118: 8108: 8100:the original 8095: 8085: 8042: 8038: 7992: 7988: 7971: 7938: 7934: 7924: 7908:(16): 6074. 7905: 7901: 7835: 7831: 7802: 7790: 7739: 7735: 7725: 7713:. Retrieved 7704: 7700: 7650: 7646: 7636: 7591: 7510: 7506: 7496: 7484:. Retrieved 7475: 7465: 7446: 7434:. Retrieved 7409: 7405: 7395: 7360: 7356: 7346: 7334:. Retrieved 7326:The Guardian 7325: 7315: 7299: 7287: 7275:. Retrieved 7267:via phys.org 7263: 7218: 7214: 7204: 7192:. Retrieved 7184:The Atlantic 7183: 7173: 7161:. Retrieved 7152: 7122: 7116: 7106: 7047: 7043: 7033: 7021:. Retrieved 7013:The Guardian 7012: 7003: 6968: 6964: 6933: 6921:. Retrieved 6896:10852/108771 6870: 6866: 6820: 6816: 6806: 6787: 6784:PLOS Climate 6783: 6741: 6737: 6727: 6719:the original 6714: 6677: 6664: 6654: 6627: 6624:PLOS Climate 6623: 6612: 6593: 6574: 6517: 6513: 6503: 6466: 6463:PLOS Climate 6462: 6452: 6397: 6362: 6358: 6348: 6336:. Retrieved 6333:The Guardian 6332: 6322: 6287: 6283: 6273: 6261:. Retrieved 6256: 6247: 6237:. Euronews. 6228: 6215: 6205: 6193:The Guardian 6192: 6162:10281/416137 6134: 6130: 6120: 6101: 6097: 6031: 6027: 6017: 6009:the original 5998: 5986:. 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