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parliamentary majority. Under
Article 115, parliament requires a two-thirds majority to withdraw confidence from the government. Under Article 104(2), government policy is decided by the president, and implemented by the government. Zaid al-Ali interpreted Articles 67 and 109 to together "assume that it is parliament's responsibility to fall into line with the president".
575:
Zaid al-Ali judged the lack of definition of intelligence services or constraints on their activities in the draft constitution risked the creation of multiple intelligence agencies with no civilian oversight. He judged the definitions of military and police hierarchies to have "serious problems with
602:
Al-Ali viewed the human rights elements of the draft constitution to lack details of how they would be enforced in courts in practice. He commended the "limitations clause" in
Article 65, which limits state authorities from restricting any of the human rights declared in the constitution unless the
584:
Al-Ali viewed the 120-day limit on a state of emergency defined in the draft constitution as positive, "in keeping with trend" of other post-2011 Arab constitutions. He expressed concern that parliament's approval is not required before a presidential declaration of a state of emergency comes into
558:
Article 100 provides for direct popular election of the president. Article 104(1) gives the president full power to choose a government. Article 113 empowers the president to choose the prime minister arbitrarily without being constrained by members of parliament or the political party with a
593:
Al-Ali judged the judiciary (in
Articles including 118, 120, 125, 135 and 136) to be defined with a fair degree of independence from the president, but with a flaw in ambiguity regarding the membership and decision-making methods of the high judicial council.
603:
restriction is "necessary, clear, limited, and proportional with the restrictions' objectives". According to al-Ali, only two other Arab countries at the time had this limitation (Tunisia, Article 49, and Yemen's draft constitution).
549:
In July 2017, the
Constitution Drafting Assembly voted by a two-thirds majority in favour of a final draft constitution. The draft constitution defines a presidential system of government, with strong powers given to the president.
682:
627:. Earlier in February 2018, a legal case against the validity of the draft constitution proceeded to a hearing by the Supreme Court, which dismissed lower courts' decisions against the draft.
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Zaid al-Ali interpreted
Chapters 8 and 9 of the draft constitution to lead to concentration of wealth in the hands of the president, including the control of natural resources.
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623:(HoR) for endorsement. In February 2018, the HoR rejected the CDA's draft constitution and called instead to develop an amendment of the
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https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/2020-12/Libya%20analysis%20-%20Zaid%20Al-Ali%20%28December%202020%29%20%28English%29.pdf
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Zaid Al-Ali, 'Libya's draft final constitution: A contextual analysis', Constitutionnet (December 2020), available at
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Article 157 of the draft constitution states that the HNEC is responsible for organising elections.
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in August 2011, intended as a temporary constitution until a permanent one could be agreed upon.
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The
Constitution Drafting Assembly (CDA) presented the draft to the
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895:"Libya: MPs Refuse to Recognize the Constitution Drafting Assembly"
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regions of Libya. The group of 60 people became known as the
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of 60 representatives in
February 2014, 20 from each of the
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672:"Libya's final draft constitution: A contextual analysis"
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Status: The new draft constitution was not adopted.
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760:"Election re-runs next Wednesday says Elabbar"
474:of 60 people elected from around Libya in the
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757:Elumami, Ahmed (21 February 2014).
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515:High National Election Commission
220:Supreme Judicial Council of Libya
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1082:Government of National Stability
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146:Government of National Stability
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1322:Libyan Political Dialogue Forum
953:Libyan institutional transition
826:al-Ali, Zaid (4 October 2017).
790:Elumami, Ahmed (2 March 2014).
670:al-Ali, Zaid (4 October 2017).
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489:Following the overthrow of the
53:Member State of the Arab League
539:Constitution Drafting Assembly
509:Constitution Drafting Assembly
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460:2017 draft Libyan constitution
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1076:Government of National Accord
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1033:National Transitional Council
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535:Constituent Assembly of Libya
503:National Transitional Council
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1517:. You can help Knowledge by
1460:. You can help Knowledge by
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679:www.constitutionnet.org
576:the chain of command".
80:1977 People's Authority
70:2017 draft constitution
1564:Constitutions of Libya
1513:-related article is a
1394:Constitutions of Libya
615:Support and opposition
554:Presidential dominance
373:Diplomatic missions of
1569:Africa politics stubs
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1203:2012 parliament (GNC)
1004:High Council of State
712:10 March 2012 at the
563:Wealth redistribution
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108:Presidential Council
1449:This article about
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867:. 4 February 2019.
734:. 21 October 2013.
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742:24 December
395:Visa policy
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175:Legislature
1558:Categories
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692:21 January
644:References
485:Background
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185:Chairman:
1248:Judiciary
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607:Elections
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527:Cyrenaica
262:Elections
249:Districts
214:Judiciary
102:Executive
1454:politics
1264:Military
905:Archived
869:Archived
836:Archived
802:Archived
769:Archived
736:Archived
710:Archived
683:Archived
385:Passport
377:in Libya
359:Minister
162:(acting)
118:Chairman
1451:African
1333:Support
1108:unified
1027:unified
808:3 March
775:1 April
491:Gaddafi
326:2019–21
112:Tripoli
531:Fezzan
497:, the
150:Tobruk
1511:Libya
1509:This
1456:is a
1277:split
1133:split
1058:split
878:1 May
872:(PDF)
861:(PDF)
686:(PDF)
675:(PDF)
468:Libya
1515:stub
1458:stub
1232:2014
913:2020
880:2019
844:2020
810:2014
777:2014
744:2013
694:2020
529:and
513:The
466:for
458:The
321:2014
309:2014
296:next
290:2014
277:next
148:(in
110:(in
537:or
1560::
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818:^
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652:^
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525:,
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375:/
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447:e
440:t
433:v
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