1927 Chicago mayoral election

5475: 7608: 7644: 5459: 7556: 7664: 5467: 5418: 7540: 4573: 7628: 3765: 4376: 4361: 5362: 4626: 4405: 4561: 4795: 5370: 4591: 5502:, Dever 54.07 percent and Robertson 3.73 percent; other sources suggest Thompson may have carried as much as 46 percent of the Polish-American vote. By some accounts, Thompson carried 41 percent of the Czech-American vote and 43 percent of the Lithuanian-American vote, groups that typically firmly supported Democrats. He also won more than 60 percent of the German-American and Swedish-American votes, as well as the Italian-American and Jewish votes. Edward Mazur divided his study of the Jewish vote into two groups, the European/German Jews and the Eastern European Jews. He found that Eastern European Jewish precincts were carried by Thompson 55 to 41 percent, while the German Jewish precincts were carried by Dever 62 to 35 percent. 7466: 4484:". Largely, however, Dever responded to Thompson's accusations by declaring them "blarney" which he had no intention of dignifying, and noting that Thompson's comments on international affairs were irrelevant to the duties and powers of the mayoralty. He ran on the slogans "Dever for Decency" and "The best mayor Chicago ever had", the former also used by The Independent Republicans for Dever Committee. He attempted, particularly early in the race, to tout parts of his record such as his construction of Wacker Drive and 51 new schools, as well as a pure milk ordinance he had helped pass. He promised to continue his construction program, including building a long-anticipated 27: 7643: 4397: 3970: 7607: 79: 3962: 3815: 7575: 72: 172: 236: 4860: 7627: 86: 7663: 3859:

bad omen but rather that, due to the lack of a competitive race in the Democratic primary, many of Dever's supporters either did not participate in the primaries or voted instead for Thompson in the Republican primary to try and nominate the weaker prospective opponent. Dever anticipated that he would still be able to win reelection with more than 600,000 votes in the general election.

3685:. Nevertheless, the limited supply of alcohol led to bootleggers competing with one another, increasing violence in the city, lowering Chicagoans' approval of Dever's performance. Aware of the effects of Prohibition enforcement on his mayoralty, Dever was reluctant to run for a second term in 1927, a feeling strengthened by poor health and lucrative job offers in the private sector. 3756:

gunmen gangs to boils and the bootleg industry to an appendix. Lundin later had Robertson withdraw from the Republican primary in order to campaign for candidate Edward R. Litsinger, and Robertson agreed not to run as an independent in the general election if Litsinger won the primary. Early in the campaign Thompson debated with live rats as stand-ins Robertson and Lundin.

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credited opposition to Dever's enforcement of Prohibition and Thompson's pledge to cease such enforcement as key to Thompson's victory, expressing hope that it would warn leaders of other large city's not to enforce "the tyrannous nonsense that is prohibition". However, the newspaper also decried the

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precincts along Chicago's lakeshore. Thompson carried the Black vote by more than 10 to 1, taking the three wards of Chicago's "Black Belt" by more than 59,000 votes. The Associated Press credited the Black vote with supplying Thompson with his victory. According to one study, Thompson received 42.20

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Thompson won the election with more than 51 percent of votes cast, carrying 28 of the city's 50 wards. Dever's campaign ultimately failed to achieve momentum; Thompson had dominated the discourse early on and left Dever's supporters struggling to react to Thompson's campaign and ultimately failing to

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described the election as the city's "quietest election in recent years" in terms of electoral violence. In an incident of election crime, gangsters managed to steal the ballot boxes from the 29th precinct of the 45th ward at gunpoint. Shot fatally during election law enforcement activity was mobster

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because I kept my oath to protect the people. If you make a mistake and vote for some one who doesn't care for you or his oath to God, you'll have to pay the penalty. If I'm elected mayor, I'll build the largest town hall in the world where your German choruses of 25,000 voices can sing as they never

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I will concede that Thompson received more votes than I. I will not concede that he is the better man nor the better candidate. I still believe that the corporation of Chicago needs a businessman at the head of its government. We appealed to the voters of Chicago on the issue of political decency and

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Robertson initially planned to run in the primary before dropping out in favor of Litsinger per his agreement with Lundin, mounting an independent bid upon Litsinger's primary loss. Former policeman Eugene McCaffrey filed for candidacy on February 2 and attracted suspicion as many of the names on his

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and allowing the use in schools of textbooks which Thompson believed were unpatriotic. Thompson declared that his America First slate would elect so many of its candidates that "the king of England will find out for the first time he is damned unpopular", and implied that he might have Dever sent to

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Thompson won by a surprisingly large margin; to many, his victory itself was a surprise. He carried 49 of the city's 50 wards. After Thompson's victory, both partisans of Robertson and Democratic leaders claimed that Democratic voters for Thompson had propelled him to the Republican nomination, with

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and consolidate all transportation lines under public ownership, to construct subways, to form a police investigation into the rampant crime, to look at causes of recent tax increases and investigate potential ways to reverse them, and to clean up streets and alleys. He criticized Thompson as having

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Straw poll, "from 21 south side movie theaters, four street intersections in white neighborhoods, five street corners in colored sections, all on the city's south side; and several miscelaneous locations. The total votes collected are 8,929, of which more than 80 per cent were gathered on the south

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This straw poll was conducted in all three sides of the city. "Collected from north side theaters and north side stations of the elevated, from south side street corners, and then two canvasses of the west side, one of street corners alone, and another of street intersections and elevated stations.

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Albert had been defeated by Haffa in the first-round aldermanic election. However, he filed an appeal to have the result struck, and at the time of the endorsement had gained a new race in the runoff, which he would win. Ultimately, however, the council would vote to unseat him in favor of Haffa on

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rhetoric against Dever. Despite Dever also having had a positive relation with black residents of the city, some Democrats attempted to take advantage of Thompson's particularly positive relation with the city's African-American community in order to divide voters racially, claiming that Thompson's

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Although he overwhelmingly defeated his token opponent, winning all the wards and securing the citywide vote by more than 10 to 1, Dever's vote total in the Democratic primary was less than the margin of victory Thompson had secured in the Republican primary. Dever's camp argued that this was not a

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t isn't merely the manner wherein Chicago elects its mayor that is profoundly startling, but the kind of man it elects as Mayor. The successful candidate has already been dismissed from office for graft. He has declared himself wet and promised before election that he would break any policeman who

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after promising lax enforcement of Prohibition. It was public knowledge that Capone was supporting Thompson's campaign effort, collecting campaign contributions from those who sold his beer. Capone donated between $ 100,000 and $ 500,000 to Thompson's campaign. Other crime figures backing Thompson

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Chicago is well worth saving. I am not going to spare anyone, but I will hold up to ridicule those who have done so much to make this city a laughing stock of the world. The time has come for plain talk. I don't care a snap of my finger who is nominated on the Republican side. Whoever it is in for

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The election was marked by an unusually low level of crime: only one ballot box theft and a negligible amount of violence. Some claimed that this was due to Capone using his men to guard polling stations and ensure votes for Thompson, but contemporary accounts make no mention of gang activity and

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straw polls indicated that Thompson had very strong support among African Americans. The cummulative result of all 132,107 straw votes cast over the polls published between March 20 and April 4, 1927, was 51.20 percent for Thompson, 44.22 percent for Dever, and 4.56 percent for Robertson. Despite

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church on North Side, outside a Catholic church on the North Side, outside a Protestant church on South Side, outside a Catholic church on the South Side, outside a Protestant church on West Side, outside a Catholic church on the West Side, at a pool room on the North Side, at a pool room on the

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in Chicago endorsed him. However, in actuality, labor support was divided between the two major party candidates. While the Cook County Wage Earners, headed by Chicago Federation of Labor vice-president Oscar F. Nelson, backed Thompson, a notable group of labor officials also backed Dever. Among

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after that, and an ally of Thompson, ran against Thompson in the Republican primary supported by Lundin. Serving at the time as President of the West Parks Board, he promised to enforce Prohibition while it was still on the books and to smash organized crime in thirty days if elected, comparing

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despite being personally opposed to it. This led to increased bootlegging and violence in the city and reduced citizen support. Thompson and Robertson seized the opportunity and entered the race. Thompson promised to end the enforcement of Prohibition and accused the United Kingdom of trying to

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supremacy". Palm cards were circulated with an image of Thompson kissing a black boy and with the reverse side reading "Thompson—Me Africa First". Some Democrats hired black people to canvass white neighborhoods for Thompson in an effort to scare white voters. They also attempted to lure black

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The Republican primary was marked by intense vitriol between the candidates. Thompson accused Robertson of messy eating, stating that " eggs in his whiskers, soup on his vest, you'd think the doc got his education driving a garbage wagon." Robertson retaliated, accusing Thompson of corruption.

8237:"Centennial List of Mayors, City Clerks, City Attorneys, City Treasurers, and Aldermen, elected by the people of the city of Chicago, from the incorporation of the city on March 4, 1837, to March 4, 1937, arranged in alphabetical order, showing the years during which each official held office" 7461:

called the election "one of the greatest mud-slinging contests ever managed by the 'celebrated' American political parties," and opined that it demonstrated how labor voters should cease "awarding friends and punishing enemies" of capitalist politicians in the major political parties.

3700:, known as "Big Bill", had been mayor for two terms from 1915 to 1923 and took advantage of the situation to run for a third term, promising to end the enforcement of Prohibition. Having declined a bid for reelection in 1923, he had managed to stay in the public eye by constructing a 5259:

Newspaper advertisements for Robertson's campaign run by the Chicago Business Men's Republican Committee included straw polls which each surveyed several locations in the city. The committee, which actively supported Robertson's candidacy, had tabulated the straw polls itself.

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Straw poll conducted on April 3 of 2 poll rooms on the North Side, 2 pool rooms on the South Side, 2 pool rooms on the West Side, 3 streetcars on the North Side, 3 streetcars on the South Side, 3 streetcars on the West Side, one station of the Oak Park Elevated, outside three

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residents. With one exception, the poll by races was obtained Sunday at the door of churches attended principally by each nationality. Some of them were too late for adequate check and corrolation yesterday morning." Saturday, in this instance, would have meant March 26,

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Straw poll conducted March 30, taken at "west side street intersection and loop theaters". It was noted that, "women predominated heavily at the movies, and at those places Mayor Dever took the lead; while at the west side street intersections Thompson had a substantial

3630:(the president West Parks Board, as well as former health commissioner and school board president), who had been previously allied with the ex-mayor, broke with Thompson to run on his own and received more than five percent of the vote. It remains as of 2023 the last 4061:

were rejected. It is unfortunate for Chicago that its citizens rejected political decency. With this experience of defeat still fresh, I say that over again...I would again, and make the same sort of campaign...win or lose, I would have no regrets. I have none.

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promised that guardsmen would be able to be deployed on a two-hour notice. Thompson himself had urged for the National Guard to be sent to secure the polls in Chicago. In all, more than 5,000 police officers in 100 squads guarded the city during the election.

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shouting "The British are coming." Supporters of each candidate accused the other's supporters of plotting to use underhanded tactics to steal the election. In the closing day of the campaign, Dever and Thompson accused each other of attempting to incite a

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result as a "victory of a political haymaker over a sincere man", calling Dever "an earnest and an honest mayor as far as can be discerned", and characterizing Thompson as holding a political record "of administrative rottenness surpassed only by certain

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Morgan Collins regarding election security. Hughes had ordered county highway police to supervise polls on the city's West Side. However, Collins then ordered the city police to arrest any county policemen found to be "loitering" around polling places.

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Dever faced no genuine opposition in his party's primary. Attorney Martin Walsh of the 27th ward filed on February 2, claiming to have the backing of "the old municipal ownership leaders" and joining the race "to give Mayor Dever a little exercise."

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Litsinger reiterated such accusations against Thompson and further accused Thompson of conspiring to get 50,000 Democratic votes. Both candidates asserted that they were guaranteed victory and accused the other of conspiring to steal the primary.

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Due to fears of race riots on election day, ahead of the election, there was talk of the military potentially providing security in the city on election day. Ultimately, the Chicago Police Department sent 5,000 men (including standard policemen,

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during a portion of the campaign. The first of these polls was published on March 20, 1927. These were not modern scientific polls, and many focused on specific sub-portions of the city's populace, rather than true representative samples.

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police were dispatched to guard polling stations, aided by City Hall employees. Police attributed the quiet at least in part to the death of Drucci, who had allegedly raided the downtown offices of the Dever-supporting 42nd Ward alderman

3831:, withdrew from the race on February 11, claiming that running against Dever was hopeless and that he expected that Democrats opposed to Dever would vote in the Republican primary for Thompson instead of voting in the Democratic primary. 7508:

in 1929. Robertson was re-elected by the West Park to serve as its president two days after the mayoral election, and died in 1931 of heart disease. To date, this is the last mayoral election in Chicago won by a Republican candidate.

7657:, as Thompson had been a public opponent of United States entrance into that war in 1917. This cartoon criticizes Thompson for claiming patriotism to his advantage, while having failed to support the U.S. war effort a decade prior. 4458:

Democratic chief Brennan said that "All the hoodlums are for Thompson", which Thompson used to convince his supporters that the Democrats were elitist and looked down upon them. Campaigning for German votes, Thompson stated:

8310:"DR. J.D. ROBERTSON OF CHICAGO DIES; Former Health Commissioner Succumbs to Heart Disease at the Age of 60. RAN FOR MAYOR IN 1927 Broke With Thompson to Head Independents--Organized Loyola University's Medical School" 4065:

With Thompson's primary victory Robertson launched his independent campaign, having filed a petition the day of the primary with 43,724 signatures to get his People's Ownership Smash Crime Rings party on the ballot.

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office buildings were polled." Additionally, "a poll was taken of the street car men at the North avenue barn. They lined up stronger for Dever than had been anticipated. More than three-fourths of them cast Dever

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Newspaper advertisement run in support of John Dill Robertson's candidacy by the Chicago Business Men's Republican Committee. The ad touts Robertson as the candidate who could quash the "beast" of crime.

7919:." The poll showed, "Mayor Dever made an unexpected showing in view of previous straws collected, and ran ahead among office employees of factories". Additionally, "sundry street intersection and three 7672:

political cartoon published the day after the election deploring politicians for publicly endorsing candidates in general elections who they had previously condemned strongly in their primary election

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retake control of the United States, while Robertson promised to quash the crime wave. Thompson bitterly attacked his campaign opponents and it was public knowledge that he was supported and funded by

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Dever largely refused to engage in Thompson's style of rhetoric. He instead promised to engage in a debate of substantive issues, partaking only in a "decent, friendly discussion without malice or

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jail. He described Dever as "very weak, no courage, no manhood, doesn't know how to fight". He promised to reform the police department by ending enforcement of prohibition. He also criticized the

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dismissing him. The cartoon alleges that, in his campaign, Thompson had appealed "to race hatred in effort to gain vote", and attacked King George of England "to arouse passions of German voters".

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tried to interfere with drinking. The manner wherein the election was fought imperiled the whole principle of democracy. The result of it made it, so far as Chicago is concerned, ridiculous."

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After Thompson beat Deneen's favored candidate in the primary Deneen backed Thompson in the general election. Martin Walsh, who had run against Dever in the Democratic primary, served as a

4763:. The Ministerial Association of Chicago also endorsed Dever, calling him "the best mayor Chicago ever had ... as loyal as a Catholic as he is citizen". He was backed by businessmen 5474: 4017:

In an open letter, Thompson charged that Edward Brundage and Fred Lundin were suburbanites and were guilty of betraying their city roots. He also alleged that Litsinger, who had come from

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on March 28 depicting a "great demand for Thompson's return" among various sorts of grafters that Dever is depicted as having kicked out of City Hall and put "out of work for four years"

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and initially focused on reform. Observing the corruption of city government caused by bootleggers, he resolved to crack down on the illegal liquor trade and strengthen enforcement of

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Dever saw a significant decline in support from the Democratic party's stronghold, the city's white, working-class, inner-city wards. His support improved in traditionally Republican

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characterized the primaries as plagued by, "shootings, sluggings, theft of ballot boxes, police raids and the arrest of about two hundred gangesters and repeaters at the polls". The

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been corrupt during his previous tenure as mayor. In his campaign, Litsinger pledged "to be a working mayor for all Chicago." Litsinger placed the blame for the city's crime on

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October 31, claiming that the judge in the case had erred in counting spoiled ballots to determine the majority needed to avoid a runoff and thereby granting Albert a new race.

12917: 12912: 12902: 11945: 1766: 1739: 1680: 1613: 1576: 1561: 1539: 1487: 1467: 1375: 1370: 1343: 1166: 5394:, home to both Dever and Thompson's campaign headquarters, was given police security scrutiny on election day. Despite Cook County Sheriff Charles E. Graydon requesting that 9062:. The Board of Election Commissioners of the City of Chicago and ex-officio that of the City of Chicago Heights, the Town of Cicero and the Village of Summit. April 5, 1927. 7399:, argued that Dever "would have been easy opposition for any candidate" running "on a campaign of 'Dever and Decency' despite four years of rampant crime in Chicago". The 11286: 4431:

as part of a grand conspiracy to manipulate the minds of American children and set the groundwork for the United Kingdom to repossess the United States; he accused the "

4622:, the city's second-best selling Italian newspaper. Four of the city's daily newspapers backed Dever, as did the city's largest Polish, Jewish, and Italian newspapers. 11965: 8017:, State and Madison and 12:00pm, Chicago "L" trains, 12 streetcars originating in The Loop, three pool rooms, and in front of 5 churches from different denominations. 3956: 7803:

This straw poll was conducted in all three sides of the city. Locations were South Side street corners, South Side theaters, various West Side locations (including

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Straw poll participants were, "5,882 patrons of prominent moving picture theaters", with 20 theaters canvassed (14 on the North Side, and six on the South Side).

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considered him to have finished at a "hopeless third". Koop's performance of two votes was picked up by the Associated Press and used by an editorial of the

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squads) to guard the polls. Police Superintendent Morgan A. Collins warned the city's criminal elements, "Any gangsters that are out Tuesday had batter wear

4540:" as police chief and smash organized crime within thirty days. At a rally on March 28, 1927, Robertson announced that, if elected, he would appoint former 12594: 12584: 12579: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12520: 12515: 12510: 12505: 12500: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12480: 12475: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12445: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12425: 12420: 12415: 12410: 12405: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12375: 12370: 12365: 12360: 12355: 12350: 12345: 12340: 12335: 12330: 4791:

was a strong backer of Dever's campaign. School superintendent William McAndrew distributed a letter to school principals urging for people to vote Dever.

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Mayor Dever took the lead in the north side "L" stations and in one of the polls of the west side, and the race was reasonably close on the south side".

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the day before the election and was killed by police upon his arrest later that night. Among some of the incidents of crime that were reported was the

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remarked that "They was trying to beat Bill with the Better Element vote. The trouble with Chicago is that there ain't much Better Element." The

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Ahead of the primary election day, Dever put up a confident face, touting his leadership and his prospects for the general election, remarking,

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by supporting Litsinger), announced his platform on January 9. He promised to compel the City Council to adopt an ordinance that would end the

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newspaper declared that the election affirmed the validity of, "the description of Chicago as the most lawless city in the world," and wrote,

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Policemen stand guard of blank ballot papers stored in the office of the Chicago Board of Election Commissioners ahead of the general election

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Thompson voters downtown, where they did not often go, with a fake rally outside of Thompson's campaign headquarters. Additionally, the song "

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In the 21st century, Thompson and his 1927 campaign have both been analyzed by some modern writers as precursors to the political career of

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of the 2nd ward, home of Chicago's largest black population, from 1900 to 1902. He also had enemies from his previous tenure, including the

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secretary Victory A. Olander. Dever also received the endorsement of the union representing the city's transit employees (workers on its

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Many experts concluded that Thompson had won because of his skilled campaigning, providing entertainment while Dever called for virtue.

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petition sheets appeared to have been written in the same handwriting. He was allowed on the ballot and received more than 1,500 votes.

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mused that the mystery was not that Dever lost but that he had received 430,000 votes. George Schottenhamel, writing in 1952 for the

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declared that "Chicago is still a good deal of a Wild West town, where a soapbox showman extracting white rabbits from a gentleman's

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The election set the then-record for the most votes cast in a Chicago mayoral election, with just under a million votes being cast.

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and attorney Orville James Taylor. He was also backed by socialites Louise deKoven Bowen and Edward Ryerson Jr, as well as builder

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Primary elections took place on February 22, along with primary elections for City Clerk and City Treasurer and the first round of

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urging voters to reelect Dever "for Chicago's good name" and asking voters to consider "what kind of a city" they want to live in

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provided a similar description. Ahead of the election, Cook County Highway Police Chief Michael Hughes came into conflict with

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Newspaper advertisement in support of Litsinger's campaign, advertising Litsinger's pledge to be a "working mayor for Chicago"

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Dever touted as successes of his mayoral term the construction of a large number of new school buildings, the construction of

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Cook County Wage-Earner's League newspaper advertisement claiming that "95% of the Trades Unions in Chicago Endorse Thompson"

4520:" was sung at some Dever rallies. Dever supporters also mocked Thompson and his supporters by having a Black man dress up as 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3415: 3260: 3240: 3115: 7481:

and unpatriotic "conduct incompatible and inconsistent with, and in direct violation" of his duties, suspending him pending

13205: 13200: 13195: 13190: 13185: 13180: 13175: 13170: 13165: 13160: 13155: 13150: 13145: 13140: 13135: 13130: 13125: 13120: 13115: 13110: 13105: 13100: 13095: 13090: 13085: 13080: 13075: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13050: 13045: 13040: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13020: 13015: 13010: 13005: 13000: 12995: 12990: 12985: 12980: 12975: 12970: 12965: 12960: 12955: 12950: 12945: 11995: 7897:

Straw poll taken at, "west side movie theaters and certain street intersection in the heart of the south side colored area"

7653:

on March 24 depicts Thompson marching ten years behind "The Big Parade 1917". This alludes to the United States' effort in

4492:. He demurred that "no superman can be found to eliminate crime". Dever's campaign characterized Thompson as, "a political 4408:

Advertisement in support of Dever's campaign, characterizing the election as a fight to preserve the reputation of the city

2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 4851:

wrote that a "Dever plurality" was indicated by an increasing trend towards the mayor in the later days of straw polling.

14342: 11822:(Revised ed.). Carbondale, Illinois and Edwardsville, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. pp. 82–98. 11638: 7421: 5365:

Police Superintendent Morgan A. Collins (fourth from left) and several police captains plan for election day peacekeeping

3399: 11557: 5379: 4503:

during his 1915 mayoral campaign, and insinuated that he was again receiving significant financial support from Insull.

4337:

The general election was held on April 5, along with general elections for City Clerk and City Treasurer and aldermanic

4041:

the Democrats claiming that they did so in order to give Dever a weaker opponent in the general election. Additionally,

13696: 12033: 10589:"Advertisement "Ask Your Neighbor! The Answer Is 7 Times out of 10 John Dill Robertson Who Is the Best Man For Mayor?"" 4499:

Dever allies accused Thompson of receiving $ 100,000 in campaign contributions from transit and public utilities mogul

2819: 5470:

Thompson making a celebratory phone call to his wife after the election returns indicated that he had won the election

4435:

Irishman" Dever of being part of the plot. Thompson based these claims on McAndrew being critical of such artworks as

13701: 11874: 11827: 11808: 11719: 2824: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13605: 14490: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14301: 14201: 14191: 14186: 14176: 13711: 13665: 13660: 13655: 13650: 13645: 13640: 12937: 8040: 7485:. The administrative hearing would last months, and the Chicago Board of Education would find McAndrew guilty. The 5560: 5533: 4142: 4124: 4097: 3918: 3890: 3773: 3674: 3638: 3619: 3611: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3323: 2834: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2082: 211: 196: 123: 118: 7465: 14168: 12038: 12018: 11507: 9560: 7564:

headline on Thompson's victory with a sub-header remarking on the relative lack of election day violence. Run in

7363:

still gets a better hearing than a man in a sober suit talking business." The campaign was such that philosopher

5450:

establishment owned by State Representative Lawrence C. O'Brien and the 42nd ward Democratic Party headquarters.

4645:, personally endorsed him as well. The Cook County Wage-Earners' League ran an advertisement for Thompson in the 4432: 4003: 3828: 3314: 11259: 7915:

Straw poll partially among, "employees of factories, mills, and plants which have not heretofore been polled by

4566:

A campaign ad in support of Thompson baring the slogan "America First". This full-page ad was run March 30, 1927

14500: 9196: 5410: 3682: 3065: 2940: 254: 7473:

In his inaugural address, Thompson reiterated his pledge to oust Superintendent McAndrew. In August 1927, the

14158: 14153: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14118: 14108: 14103: 14098: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14063: 14058: 14053: 14048: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13978: 13973: 13963: 13958: 13953: 13948: 13943: 13938: 13933: 13928: 13923: 13906: 13901: 13896: 13891: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13871: 13866: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13774: 13769: 13764: 13759: 13754: 13749: 13744: 13523: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13503: 13498: 13493: 13488: 13483: 13478: 13473: 8027: 7728: 7497: 7486: 5494: 4560: 3768:

Officials sorting blank ballot papers in the offices of the Chicago Board of Elections ahead of the primaries

3670: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 51: 41: 11111:"Thompson Victory A Blow To Lowden; New Chicago Mayor and Senator Deneen Will Control Cook County Delegates" 13736: 11923: 11915: 7694: 7370:

The election of Thompson attracted not just national, but also strong international attention. The British

5399: 4436: 3631: 2896: 7866:

Straw poll an amalgamation of, "six different polls. One was of south side movie theaters, another was of

4400:

Thompson campaign poster, touting him as "Big Bill the Builder" who "cannot be bought, bossed, or bluffed"

7732: 4685: 4655: 4642: 4634: 3978: 3654: 7983:

on the North Side, a movie theater on the South Side, a movie theater on the West Side, in front of the

7477:, now under Thompson's influence after he appointed a number new members, voted to charge McAndrew with 4045:

reported that thousands of Republicans had refused to cast a vote for either candidate in the primary.

7561: 7474: 4747:

Dever was endorsed by prominent reformers campaigning for "Dever and Decency" on his behalf, including

4018: 3367: 14495: 13706: 11818:

Schmidt, John R. (1995). "William E. Dever (1923–1927)". In Green, Paul M.; Holli, Melvin G. (eds.).

8368: 7736: 4678: 3802: 2829: 4872: 7424:. Thompson had previously unfulfilled ambitions to run on the Republican Party presidential ticket 4053: 7979:

on the North Side, a soft drink parlor on the South Side, a soft drink parlor on the West Side, a

3969: 12314: 12309: 12304: 12299: 12294: 12289: 12284: 12279: 12274: 12269: 12264: 12259: 12254: 12249: 12244: 12239: 12234: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12214: 12209: 12204: 12199: 12194: 12189: 12184: 12179: 12174: 12169: 12164: 12159: 12154: 12149: 12144: 12139: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12119: 12114: 12109: 12104: 12099: 12094: 5395: 4609: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 7432:

observed that, "these ambitions have been fired anew by his success in the Mayoralty election."

7420:, as it was anticipated to give Thompson and Deneen control over Cook County's delegates to the 11883: 4748: 4688: 4541: 4417: 3748: 2887: 2882: 1832: 10363:

Hewitt, Oscar (March 28, 1927). "Dever Swamps Bill In Poll of Church Voters". Chicago Tribune.

9302: 7888:

Straw poll an amalgamation of polls of select churches, and polls of North Side theater-goers.

12080: 11378: 8877: 7720: 7707: 7444: 5540: 4814: 4798: 4221: 4104: 4049: 4034: 4030: 3994: 3847:, the construction of new bridges, road paving projects, river-straightening projects on the 3697: 3657:

Chairman Edward R. Litsinger in the Republican primary by a 14.61-percent margin of victory.

3623: 227: 207: 97: 4179:

The "Independent Republican" ticket held a primary. The mayoral slot had no candidates, but

7391: 7355: 5565: 5499: 4718: 4614: 4530: 4284: 3897: 3721: 3666: 3615: 192: 103: 9776:. The Selma Times-Journal. The Associated Press. April 3, 1927 – via newspapers.com. 7613:"The Whole Country Is Watching Us"; an anti-Thompson cartoon run on the front page of the 4547:

In the closing days of the campaign, analysts perceived Dever to be gaining new momentum.

85: 8: 8001: 7906:

Straw poll an amalgamation of, "120 different polls" of factory workers and clerical help

7854: 7808: 7401: 7372: 5584: 5479: 5391: 4703: 4696: 4485: 4246: 3744: 3709: 3627: 108: 78: 8240: 3961: 3720:. He was immensely popular with the city's African-American community, having served as 11863: 11846: 11787: 11757: 11348: 11340: 11031: 9617:"Chicago Election Proves Failure of Theory Labor Should "Reward or Punish" Old Parties" 9438: 9430: 8014: 7850: 7804: 7724: 7417: 5426: 4809:, whose opponent Titus Haffa endorsed Thompson. Henry F. Batterman, Lundin's 41st ward 4710: 4681: 4667: 4537: 4180: 3986: 3789: 3784: 3732: 3547: 4476:". This was not without exception, as Dever did once comment in an interview with the 4183:

votes were cast. Thompson won this primary, but chose not to accept their nomination.

3814: 13721: 13686: 11870: 11823: 11804: 11764: 11741: 11734: 11715: 11698: 11352: 11332: 9442: 9422: 9192: 8485:

Canvassing Sheet of Primary Election in the City of Chicago—February 22nd, 1927

7649:"Ten Years Behind the Parade"; an anti-Thompson cartoon run on the front page of the 7505: 4776: 4737: 4517: 4444: 4367: 3982: 3824: 3717: 3686: 2844: 2809: 11778:

Kantowicz, Edward (1972). "The Emergence of the Polish-Democratic Vote in Chicago".

11532: 8026:

Rogers is sometimes erroneously said to have written this in response to Thompson's

11324: 9414: 8044: 7501: 5507: 5387: 4806: 4805:

In addition to Lundin, Robertson was supported by the incumbent 43rd ward alderman

4788: 4714: 4692: 4507: 4424: 4188: 4071: 3864: 3794: 3737: 3690: 3653:

with 91 percent of the vote, facing only a single weak opponent. Thompson defeated

3650: 71: 4868: 11311:

Todd, James; McAndrew, William; Gilbert, Charles E.; Hemingway, James A. (1927).

8056: 7853:

theaters and street corners, at one or more street intersections in each ward of

7617:

on the eve of the general election with a sign on Thompson's negative points and

7582: 7478: 4885: 4784: 4756: 4580: 4506:

Supporters of both Thompson and Dever resorted to bigotry. Some Republicans used

4338: 3999: 3990: 3751:", who had previously been the city's health commissioner from 1915 to 1922, the 3726: 7943:

Straw poll of, "downtown office buildings and sundry theaters on the south side"

7735:, all private corporations. Public control would come with the formation of the 3736:, and had started to wear out his welcome with former allies such as party boss 11858: 10851:"Central Press Presents Interesting Scenes Taken During Chicago's Hot Election" 8052: 7449: 4752: 4741: 4638: 4536:

Robertson continued his platform of quashing crime, promising to "find another

4489: 4473: 4452: 4382: 3777: 11837:

Schottenhamel, George (1952). "How Big Bill Thompson Won Control of Chicago".

11759:

Political Corruption in America: An Encyclopedia of Scandals, Power, and Greed

11479: 11423: 11232: 11204: 11147: 10973: 10530: 10175: 9981: 9950: 9919: 9857: 9693: 9583: 9434: 9402: 9355: 8998: 8973: 8932: 8805: 8749:"Mayor Battle Grows Hotter on All Fronts". Chicago Tribune. February 16, 1927. 8688: 8656: 8538: 8409: 4396: 3957:

William Hale Thompson 1927 mayoral campaign § Republican primary campaign

14474: 11702: 11451: 11336: 11176: 11081: 10883: 10850: 10808: 10757: 10733: 10709: 10682: 10617: 10588: 10559: 10503: 10473: 10448: 10420: 10390: 10371: 10337: 10309: 10281: 10253: 10226: 10202: 10151: 10122: 10092: 10062: 10037: 10009: 9789: 9772: 9748: 9721: 9665: 9640: 9616: 9536: 9511: 9482: 9457: 9426: 9328: 9077: 9029: 8848: 8774: 8756: 8717: 8569: 8341: 8281: 7980: 7971: 5429:

in what was considered a relatively low-violence general election for its era

4780: 4768: 4500: 4481: 3848: 171: 11801:"The Mayor Who Cleaned Up Chicago" A Political Biography of William E. Dever 10665: 10641: 4351:

William Hale Thompson 1927 mayoral campaign § General election campaign

11729: 11665:"Chicago mayor Big Bill Thompson used 'America First' decades before Trump" 10781: 9894: 9258:"Chicago mayor Big Bill Thompson used 'America First' decades before Trump" 8162:"Chicago mayor Big Bill Thompson used 'America First' decades before Trump" 8048: 7920: 7513: 7493: 7458: 7407: 5435: 4764: 4674: 4525: 4366:

Dever campaigning before stockyard workers in the Exchange Building of the

3852: 3844: 9561:"Battle Over the Chicago Schools: The Superintendency of William Mcandrew" 9461:. The Times (Munster, Indiana). International News Service. March 28, 1927 7545:"Whole Country Laughs at Chicago's Comic Opera Election Campaign" (run in 7439:

noted that he had finished a "poor third" and polled "only" 51,209 votes;

5390:," warning that the police planned to, "shoot first, talk afterward". The 5254: 3716:

to find a tree-climbing fish, all ostensibly as a publicity stunt for the

7997: 7654: 7386: 7364: 7350: 5383: 4760: 4650: 4521: 4464: 12049: 11850: 11791: 11736:

Get Capone: The Secret Plot That Captured America's Most Wanted Gangster

11714:. Urbana, Illinois and Chicago, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. 11212:. Vol. 32, no. 292. Associated Press. May 23, 1927. p. 17 10338:"Latest of Straw Votes, Favoring Dever, Lowers Thompson's Previous Lead" 7857:, and three separate polls, exclusively of women, in outlying districts" 7849:

Straw poll an amalgamation of, "the opinions of 10,473 persons found at

7934:

side" 6,524 votes in the straw poll were collected from the South Side.

7875: 5447: 5439: 4835: 3678: 11344: 11312: 4867:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

3634:

to be won by a candidate who is not a member of the Democratic Party.

10618:"Advertisement "As You Vote, so you must pay!" -John Dill Robertson"" 7976: 7618: 7454: 7349:

The results of the election damaged Chicago's reputation nationally.

4772: 4733: 4728: 4721: 4663: 4493: 3643: 11865:

Cities of the Heartland: The Rise and Fall of the Industrial Midwest

9584:"Union Labor presents a solid front for Wm. Hale Thompson for Mayor" 8573:. The Watchman and Southron. The Associated Press. February 26, 1927 8479: 8477: 8475: 8473: 8471: 8469: 8467: 11328: 9418: 7517: 4428: 4300: 4279: 4261: 4241: 4214: 4026: 8438:"Rahm might be bad, but Chicago's last Republican mayor was worse" 5478:

Crowd of Thompson supporters gather in celebration outside of the

8464: 7360: 5398:

be kept at the ready, they were not called to the city. Instead,

4413: 4390:

Campaign events held by Dever and Thompson, both on April 2, 1927

2866: 11913: 10785:. The Decatur Daily Review. The Associated Press. April 5, 1927 9898:. The Decatur Daily Review. The Associated Press. April 5, 1927 8402: 8400: 7871: 7500:

as his public approval fell victim to continuing crime and the

4654:

those backing Dever were Chicago Federation of Labor president

3839:

the biggest and best beating a candidate ever got in this city.

3713: 11443: 9191:. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications. pp. 166–168. 4847:

Thompson regularly leading these polls, on April 4, 1927, the

4578:

Ad run by the "Independent Republican Dever Committee" in the

9071: 9069: 4512: 11639:"Trump Is Running the White House Like He's America's Mayor" 11585:"Voters in Chicago elect Brandon Johnson as their new mayor" 11487:. Vol. 54. Associated Press. August 20, 1931. p. 1 11310: 10669:. Quad-City Times. April 3, 1927 – via newspapers.com. 8397: 8342:"Dr. Robertson Puts Out Poetry To Win Chicago Women's Votes" 3649:

To receive the Democratic nomination, Dever won the party's

10887:. The Spokesman-Review. The Associated Press. April 6, 1927 9752:. The Billings Gazette. The Associated Press. April 5, 1927 7867: 7416:

regarded Thompson's victory to be "a blow" to the power of

5443: 5425:

ward Democratic Party headquarters building, an example of

5422: 3701: 11558:"New Face and Longtime Politician Vying for Chicago Mayor" 11313:"Documents Relating to the Suspension of William McAndrew" 9989:. Vol. 86, no. 209. September 1, 1927. p. 3 9332:. New Britain Herald. The Associated Press. March 18, 1927 9066: 9054: 9052: 9050: 9048: 8681: 8679: 8043:

in 1995, effective 1999. Since that time, all the winners—

4817:-aligned Black Republicans who publicly backed Robertson. 11589: 9540:. The Times (Munster, Indiana). I. N. Service. p. 15 9189:

The Chicago schools : a Social and Political History

8546:. Vol. 86, no. 46. February 23, 1927. p. 1 7706:

One of 22 organizations that would be merged to form the

11803:. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press. 11697:. New York, New York: Jonathan Cape and Harrison Smith. 11240:. Vol. 84, no. 256. April 15, 1927. p. 22 9793:. The Times (Munster, Indiana). I. N. Service. p. 1 8289:. Vol. 76, no. 28. February 2, 1922. p. 1 7870:, another of German, another of Swedish, another was of 7453:

as evidence that the threat of socialism was overblown.

5266:

Chicago Business Men's Republican Committee straw polls

4717:. Thompson also received a last-minute endorsement from 3989:, (the latter of whom had split from his political ally 9865:. Vol. 53, no. 319. April 15, 1927. p. 2 9686: 9684: 9045: 8813:. Vol. 86, no. 8. January 10, 1927. p. 8 8676: 8600:"Thompson Winner In Chicago Primary; Dever Renominated" 7719:

At the time, Chicago's streetcar lines were managed by

7693:$ 360,000 in 2018. Thompson split the cost with allies 5255:

Chicago Business Men's Republican Committee straw polls

13717:

Transportation Taxes and Fees Lockbox Amendment (2016)

11459:. Vol. 86, no. 84. April 8, 1927. p. 22 9958:. Vol. 86, no. 12. March 20, 1927. p. 7 8876:

Wilson, Mark R.; Porter, Stephen R.; Reiff, Janice L.

2840:

Transportation Taxes and Fees Lockbox Amendment (2016)

11712:

Big Bill Thompson, Chicago, and the Politics of Image

11260:"Mayor William Hale Thompson Inaugural Address, 1927" 10816:. Vol. 86, no. 82. April 6, 1927. p. 7 10761:. Times Record News. Universal Service. April 6, 1927 10737:. Times Record News. Universal Service. April 6, 1927 9591:. Vol. 86, no. 79. April 2, 1927. p. 8 9085:. Vol. 86, no. 82. April 6, 1927. p. 5 8361: 8273: 4021:, had abandoned his roots, writing "You moved to the 3712:

and spending $ 25,000 to take it on an expedition to

10802: 10800: 9681: 8799: 8797: 8795: 8649: 8647: 8532: 8530: 8528: 8526: 8524: 8522: 8520: 8518: 11550: 9295: 7633:Anti-Thompson cartoon run on the front page of the 4612:-owned newspapers, as well as the African-American 11869:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. 11862: 11756: 11733: 11613:"Before The Donald, there was Big Bill of Chicago" 11478: 11450: 11422: 11231: 11203: 11175: 11167: 11146: 11018: 11016: 11014: 10972: 10882: 10849: 10807: 10780: 10756: 10732: 10708: 10681: 10664: 10645:. Modesto News-Herald. United Press. April 3, 1927 10640: 10616: 10587: 10558: 10529: 10524: 10522: 10502: 10472: 10447: 10419: 10389: 10370: 10336: 10308: 10280: 10252: 10225: 10201: 10174: 10150: 10121: 10091: 10061: 10036: 10008: 9980: 9949: 9918: 9910: 9893: 9856: 9788: 9771: 9747: 9720: 9692: 9664: 9639: 9615: 9582: 9535: 9510: 9481: 9456: 9354: 9327: 9076: 9028: 8997: 8972: 8931: 8804: 8773: 8755: 8716: 8687: 8655: 8568: 8537: 8408: 8340: 8308: 8280: 7975:South Side, at a pool room on the West Side, at a 11508:"How, and Why, Chicago Has Nonpartisan Elections" 10797: 10093:"Big Bill Sweeps Colored Section In Tribune Poll" 9944: 9942: 9722:"G.O.P. Foes Bury Hatchets At Big Thompson Rally" 9473: 8792: 8644: 8515: 4174: 14472: 11839:Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 11471: 11373: 11371: 11369: 10966: 10964: 10734:"Chicago Holds Quitest Election In Recent Years" 10391:"Dever Swamps Big Bill In Poll of Church Voters" 10152:"Trend of Straw Votes Indicates Dever Plurality" 10123:"Big Bill Holds 81% of Negroes' Ballots In Poll" 9975: 9973: 9666:""Think of City-Vote For Dever," New Battle Cry" 9030:"City To Vote On Home Rule; File Petition Today" 8933:"Big Bill mauls Doctor Dill for being unrefined" 8334: 8332: 7397:Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 183: 13727:Right to Collective Bargaining Amendment (2022) 11695:Hizzoner Big Bill Thompson, an idyll of Chicago 11196: 11011: 10854:. Meridian Record. Central Press. April 8, 1927 10782:"Drucci, Chicago Gang Leader, Killed By Police" 10519: 9849: 9773:"Black Ordered To Chicago For Situation Review" 9575: 9512:"Lundin Smites 'Big Baby Bill' As City's Shame" 9349: 9347: 9078:"Albert defeats Haffa in bitter Council battle" 8989: 8778:. Chicago Tribune. February 16, 1927. p. 2 8760:. Chicago Tribune. February 16, 1927. p. 1 8689:"Redeem G.O.P., Litsinger plea; race speeds up" 8618: 8339:Douglas, W. A. S. (January 3, 1927). 8229: 7830:Straw poll of "south side street intersections" 2850:Right to Collective Bargaining Amendment (2022) 11630: 11452:"Dr. Robertson re-elected Chief of West Parks" 10809:"Quiet election surprises Cops guarding polls" 10531:"West Side Pads Thompson Lead in Tribune Poll" 10504:"Dever Gains On Bill In Poll of White Collars" 10302: 10300: 10227:"Sraw Ballot Race Is Hotter; Bill Still Leads" 9939: 9888: 9886: 9884: 9882: 9880: 9483:"Robertson dares razzer to face him in person" 9303:"Operations – Lines -> State Street Subway" 8925: 8923: 8921: 8919: 8917: 8871: 8869: 8744: 8742: 8740: 8594: 8592: 8590: 8588: 8455: 8410:"Litsinger cites fee scandal of Thompson rule" 7580:April 6, 1927 post-election cover page of the 4825: 12065: 11899: 11836: 11366: 11224: 11138: 10961: 10611: 10609: 10607: 9970: 9951:"Albert swings to Dr. Dill in 43rd ward race" 9694:"G.O.P. groups spurn Big Bill, turn to Dever" 9060:Elections – City of Chicago – April 5th, 1927 8957: 8955: 8875: 8563: 8561: 8329: 7428:. In the immediate aftermath of his victory, 4649:, in which it claimed that 95 percent of the 3977:Edward R. Litsinger, who was chairman of the 3626:, who had served as mayor from 1915 to 1923. 3587: 11763:. Armenia, New York: Grey House Publishing. 11740:. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster. 11431:. Vol. 52. September 4, 1929. p. 1 11415: 11397: 11105: 11103: 10866: 10686:. The Times (Munster, Indiana). United Press 10560:"Advertisement "Have You A Child To Spare?"" 10449:"Factory Straw Vote Cuts Into Thompson Lead" 10421:"Factory Straw Vote Cuts Into Thompson Lead" 10372:"Dever Swamps Bill In Poll of Church Voters" 10063:"Dever Gains On Thompson By South Side Poll" 9749:"Election's Eve Brings Chicago Riot Warning" 9742: 9740: 9344: 9023: 9021: 8999:"Litsinger hit 2 to 1 in every ward but one" 8657:"Call Political Einsteins for Vote Analysis" 8239:. Chicago Historical Society. Archived from 7748:Data missing for McCaffrey from the 5th ward 4677:for Thompson. Thompson was also endorsed by 3747:, also known as "J.D.", "Doctor Dill", and " 11820:The Mayors: The Chicago Political Tradition 11604: 10758:"Six Gangsters Seize Precinct Ballot Boxes" 10703: 10701: 10582: 10580: 10578: 10553: 10551: 10549: 10496: 10494: 10492: 10441: 10439: 10413: 10411: 10358: 10356: 10330: 10328: 10297: 10282:"Size of Vote by Women May Decide Election" 9982:"Albert ousted; Haffa sworn in as Alderman" 9877: 9641:"Street Car Men Uphold Dever; Rap Thompson" 9610: 9608: 9606: 9371: 9142: 9140: 9138: 9136: 9134: 8914: 8866: 8737: 8585: 8264: 8222: 8220: 8201: 8199: 7757:The State Street Subway would open in 1943. 7483:an administrative hearing held by the board 5442:of two election judges. Two buildings were 4052:speech at his campaign headquarters in the 3753:President of the Chicago Board of Education 12072: 12058: 11906: 11892: 11173: 11129: 10922: 10899: 10679: 10604: 10310:"Mayoral Race Gets Closer On Straw Course" 10274: 10272: 10247: 10245: 10196: 10194: 10115: 10113: 10111: 10085: 10083: 10081: 10030: 10028: 9920:"Barbee, Albert, and Fick go into discard" 9558: 9251: 9249: 9247: 9235: 9182: 9180: 9178: 9176: 9174: 9164: 9162: 9160: 9158: 9156: 9154: 9152: 9122: 9113: 8974:"Lundin's Bomb for Thompson Set for Today" 8952: 8806:"Litsinger for subways now, platform says" 8708: 8558: 8539:"Dever is ready;gives outline of platform" 8189: 8187: 8137: 8128: 7469:Thompson's subsequent mayoral inauguration 7435:Nobody had expected Robertson to win. The 5409:The city avoided rioting on election day. 3594: 3580: 12079: 11777: 11406: 11148:"Dever beaten in battle of 993,617 votes" 11100: 11065: 11047: 10993: 10936: 10934: 10915: 10913: 10911: 10145: 10143: 10141: 10010:"Big Bill Your Worst Enemy, Negroes Told" 9810: 9808: 9737: 9228: 9018: 8825: 8775:"Mayor Battle Grows Hotter on All Fronts" 8757:"Mayor Battle Grows Hotter on All Fronts" 8632:. The Associated Press. February 22, 1927 8155: 8153: 8151: 8149: 4381:Thompson speaks at a mass meeting at the 3981:and backed by reform-minded U.S. Senator 3965:Results of the Republican primary by ward 3818:Results of the Democratic primary by ward 2820:Illinois Governor Recall Amendment (2010) 11754: 11709: 11287:"The trial of the school superintendent" 11088:. The New York Daily News. April 7, 1927 10698: 10575: 10546: 10489: 10436: 10408: 10353: 10325: 10038:"Tribune Poll Shows Early Thompson Lead" 9824: 9822: 9820: 9603: 9563:. Loyola University Chicago. p. 210 9387: 9385: 9383: 9288: 9286: 9284: 9282: 9280: 9278: 9226: 9224: 9222: 9220: 9218: 9216: 9214: 9212: 9210: 9208: 9131: 9106: 9104: 9102: 9100: 8907: 8905: 8903: 8901: 8899: 8508: 8506: 8504: 8502: 8500: 8498: 8496: 8494: 8390: 8388: 8386: 8349:. Vol. 180, no. 40D. p. 1 8255: 8217: 8208: 8196: 7985:First United Methodist Church of Chicago 7464: 5473: 5465: 5457: 5416: 5368: 5360: 5356: 4793: 4624: 4403: 4395: 3968: 3960: 3813: 3763: 11857: 11817: 11798: 11662: 11505: 11285:Schmidt, John R. (September 30, 2011). 11284: 11155:. Vol. 86, no. 82C. p. 1 10981:. Vol. 111, no. 97. p. 1 10835: 10833: 10831: 10474:"Straw Ballots Still Favoring Thompson" 10269: 10242: 10191: 10108: 10078: 10025: 9786: 9662: 9533: 9255: 9244: 9186: 9171: 9149: 8338: 8184: 8159: 8103: 8101: 8091: 8089: 8077: 3693:convinced Dever to run for reelection. 14473: 11692: 11636: 11611:Pacyga, Dominic (September 18, 2020). 11610: 11582: 11533:"Rahm Emanuel | Facts & Biography" 11056: 11002: 10970: 10952: 10943: 10931: 10908: 10710:"Bombs, Bullets Menace Chicago Voters" 10500: 10470: 10445: 10417: 10387: 10368: 10362: 10334: 10306: 10278: 10138: 10119: 10089: 10059: 10034: 9927:. Vol. 86, no. 46. p. 1 9916: 9840: 9805: 9701:. Vol. 86, no. 11. p. 1 9490:. Vol. 86, no. 69. p. 4 9006:. Vol. 86, no. 46. p. 1 8970: 8940:. Vol. 86, no. 42. p. 5 8843: 8841: 8839: 8837: 8725:. Vol. 86, no. 37. p. 5 8696:. Vol. 86, no. 29. p. 4 8664:. Vol. 86, no. 48. p. 6 8435: 8417:. Vol. 86, no. 34. p. 1 8146: 5462:Thompson (center) casts his own ballot 4713:(and 1923 Republican mayoral nominee) 4192:1927 (Independent Republican Primary) 12053: 11887: 11499: 11278: 11144: 10884:"Black Vote Gives Palm To "Big Bill"" 9895:"Police and Machine Guns Guard Polls" 9831: 9817: 9690: 9508: 9479: 9394: 9380: 9329:"Intimating Insull Supports Thompson" 9275: 9205: 9097: 8995: 8929: 8896: 8849:"History – The CTA is created (1947)" 8714: 8685: 8653: 8570:"Big Bill Wins Nomination in Chicago" 8491: 8406: 8383: 7367:wondered whether democracy was dead. 5581:People's Ownership Smash Crime Rings 5515: 4736:, who gave $ 50,000 to his campaign, 4727:Thompson received the endorsement of 4451:. Thompson also supported ending the 4196: 4079: 3950: 3872: 3809: 128:People's Ownership Smash Crime Rings 14486:1927 United States mayoral elections 13692:Crime Victim Rights Amendment (1992) 10828: 9458:"Thompson and Dever in Home Stretch" 9400: 8626:"Chicago Trembles on Eve of Primary" 8119: 8110: 8098: 8086: 4853: 3759: 2815:Crime Victim Rights Amendment (1992) 11728: 9917:Hewitt, Oscar (February 23, 1927). 9790:"Troops Ready For Trouble At Polls" 9537:"Troops Ready For Trouble At Polls" 8996:Evans, Arthur (February 23, 1927). 8971:Browne, Parke (February 23, 1927). 8930:Evans, Arthur (February 18, 1927). 8834: 8715:Evans, Arthur (February 12, 1927). 8654:Evans, Arthur (February 25, 1927). 7807:stations), West Side theaters, and 7731:and the buses were operated by the 7422:1928 Republican National Convention 5490:fully promote Dever's own message. 4771:, as well as university presidents 4332: 13: 11506:Shefsky, Jay (February 26, 2019). 10713:. The Oklahoma News. April 5, 1927 9559:Tarvardian, Arthur Norman (1992). 8686:Evans, Arthur (February 3, 1927). 8436:Selzer, Adam (February 13, 2015). 8407:Evans, Arthur (February 9, 1927). 4660:Illinois State Federation of Labor 4025:. Are you thinking of joining the 3669:had been elected mayor of Chicago 2675:House of Representatives elections 2360:Lieutenant Gubernatorial elections 14: 14512: 11564:. Associated Press. April 1, 2019 11480:"Foe of Thompson dies at Fontana" 11177:"Thompson wins Chicago mayoralty" 11174:Buckingham, Max (April 6, 1927). 10683:"Anticipate Trouble At The Polls" 10680:Buckingham, Max (April 1, 1927). 10534:. Chicago Tribune. March 21, 1923 5421:Men inspecting the wreckage of a 4801:campaigns for John Dill Robertson 4533:among the city's Black populace. 4463:They called me pro-German during 13697:Governor Recall Amendment (2010) 11656: 11583:Woefel, Mariah (April 5, 2023). 11576: 11525: 11304: 11252: 11074: 10875: 10842: 10773: 10749: 10725: 10673: 10657: 10633: 10621:. Chicago Tribune. April 4, 1927 10592:. Chicago Tribune. April 1, 1927 10563:. Chicago Tribune. April 3, 1927 10501:Hewitt, Oscar (March 22, 1927). 10471:Hewitt, Oscar (March 24, 1927). 10464: 10446:Hewitt, Oscar (March 25, 1927). 10418:Hewitt, Oscar (March 26, 1927). 10388:Hewitt, Oscar (March 28, 1927). 10369:Hewitt, Oscar (March 28, 1927). 10335:Hewitt, Oscar (March 29, 1927). 10307:Hewitt, Oscar (March 30, 1927). 10257:. Chicago Tribune. April 2, 1927 10230:. Chicago Tribune. April 3, 1927 10218: 10206:. Chicago Tribune. April 3, 1927 10179:. Chicago Tribune. April 4, 1927 10167: 10155:. Chicago Tribune. April 4, 1927 10120:Hewitt, Oscar (March 24, 1927). 10090:Hewitt, Oscar (March 27, 1927). 10035:Hewitt, Oscar (March 20, 1927). 10013:. Chicago Tribune. April 4, 1927 9725:. Chicago Tribune. April 3, 1927 9691:Evans, Arthur (March 13, 1927). 9644:. Chicago Tribune. March 7, 1927 9509:Evans, Arthur (March 29, 1927). 9480:Evans, Arthur (March 22, 1927). 9033:. Chicago Tribune. March 5, 1927 8033: 8020: 8007: 7989: 7964: 7955: 7946: 7937: 7927: 7909: 7900: 7891: 7882: 7860: 7843: 7833: 7824: 7814: 7797: 7662: 7642: 7626: 7606: 7573: 7554: 7538: 7492:Thompson would lose to Democrat 7489:would later void this decision. 4858: 4589: 4571: 4559: 4544:Edwin A. Olson as police chief. 4374: 4359: 234: 170: 84: 77: 70: 25: 13702:Public Pension Amendment (2012) 13682:State capitol referendum (1834) 13675:Ballot measures and referendums 11145:Evans, Arthur (April 6, 1927). 10279:Hewitt, Oscar (April 1, 1927). 10060:Hewitt, Oscar (April 2, 1927). 10053: 10001: 9787:Hoffman, Gene (April 4, 1927). 9780: 9764: 9713: 9663:Herrick, John (March 7, 1927). 9656: 9632: 9552: 9534:Hoffman, Gene (April 4, 1927). 9527: 9502: 9449: 9320: 8964: 8429: 8301: 7970:Straw poll conducted outside a 7787: 7778: 7769: 7760: 7751: 7742: 7713: 7700: 7687: 4691:, Illinois Lieutenant Governor 4603: 4553:Example campaign advertisements 3829:lieutenant governor of Illinois 3776:. February 22 was incidentally 2825:Public Pension Amendment (2012) 2805:State capitol referendum (1834) 2795:Ballot measures and referendums 13712:Right to Vote Amendment (2014) 11686: 11663:Nichols, Jeff (June 2, 2017). 11024:"English Comment is Sarcastic" 10971:Rogers, Will (April 7, 1927). 9620:. Daily Worker. April 12, 1927 9359:. The Broad Ax. March 26, 1927 9256:Nichols, Jeff (June 2, 2017). 8160:Nichols, Jeff (June 2, 2017). 4643:Chicago Federation of Teachers 4524:ride on horseback through the 4175:Independent Republican primary 3783:The primaries were plagued by 3683:President of the United States 2835:Right to Vote Amendment (2014) 1: 13421:Other state executive offices 11424:"William Dever Cancer Victim" 11317:The Elementary School Journal 10949:Schmidt 1989 Table 3 (p. 187) 10642:"Fear Riots At Chicago Polls" 9407:American Journal of Education 8070: 7729:Chicago Rapid Transit Company 7727:was under the control of the 7498:1931 Chicago mayoral election 7410:pirates of fifty years ago." 5269: 4891: 4480:that, "Thompson's trouble is 3660: 3608:1927 Chicago mayoral election 19:1927 Chicago mayoral election 14481:Mayoral elections in Chicago 11920:1927 United States elections 10394:. Chicago Tribune. p. 4 10375:. Chicago Tribune. p. 1 8884:. Chicago Historical Society 7530:Selected newspaper headlines 7344: 5495:White Anglo-Saxon Protestant 5400:Adjutant General of Illinois 4427:was a British agent sent by 4004:Cook County state's attorney 2587:Secretary of State elections 7: 11495:– via Newspapers.com. 11467:– via Newspapers.com. 11439:– via Newspapers.com. 11379:"Chicago Mayors, 1837–2007" 11248:– via Newspapers.com. 11220:– via Newspapers.com. 11192:– via Newspapers.com. 11163:– via Newspapers.com. 10989:– via Newspapers.com. 10895:– via newspapers.com. 10862:– via Newspapers.com. 10824:– via Newspapers.com. 10793:– via newspapers.com. 10769:– via newspapers.com. 10745:– via newspapers.com. 10721:– via Newspapers.com. 10694:– via newspapers.com. 10653:– via newspapers.com. 10629:– via newspapers.com. 10600:– via newspapers.com. 10571:– via newspapers.com. 10542:– via Newspapers.com. 10515:– via newspapers.com. 10485:– via newspapers.com. 10460:– via newspapers.com. 10432:– via newspapers.com. 10402:– via newspapers.com. 10383:– via newspapers.com. 10349:– via newspapers.com. 10321:– via newspapers.com. 10293:– via newspapers.com. 10265:– via newspapers.com. 10238:– via newspapers.com. 10214:– via newspapers.com. 10187:– via newspapers.com. 10163:– via newspapers.com. 10134:– via newspapers.com. 10104:– via newspapers.com. 10074:– via newspapers.com. 10049:– via newspapers.com. 10021:– via newspapers.com. 9997:– via Newspapers.com. 9966:– via Newspapers.com. 9935:– via Newspapers.com. 9906:– via newspapers.com. 9873:– via Newspapers.com. 9801:– via newspapers.com. 9760:– via newspapers.com. 9733:– via newspapers.com. 9709:– via Newspapers.com. 9677:– via newspapers.com. 9652:– via newspapers.com. 9628:– via Newspapers.com. 9599:– via Newspapers.com. 9548:– via newspapers.com. 9523:– via newspapers.com. 9498:– via Newspapers.com. 9469:– via newspapers.com. 9367:– via Newspapers.com. 9340:– via Newspapers.com. 9093:– via Newspapers.com. 9041:– via newspapers.com. 9014:– via Newspapers.com. 8985:– via Newspapers.com. 8948:– via Newspapers.com. 8821:– via Newspapers.com. 8786:– via Newspapers.com. 8768:– via Newspapers.com. 8733:– via Newspapers.com. 8704:– via Newspapers.com. 8672:– via Newspapers.com. 8581:– via Newspapers.com. 8554:– via Newspapers.com. 8425:– via Newspapers.com. 8369:"History of Chicago's Park" 8357:– via Newspapers.com. 8297:– via Newspapers.com. 7733:Chicago Motor Coach Company 7566:The Knoxville News Sentinel 5396:Illinois National Guardsmen 4826:Chicago Tribune straw polls 4686:Illinois Secretary of State 4635:Chicago Federation of Labor 4608:Thompson was backed by two 4344: 4033:and becoming a resident of 3979:Cook County Board of Review 3743:West Parks Board President 3655:Cook County Board of Review 3610:was held on April 5, 1927. 255:U.S. Presidential elections 10: 14517: 11710:Bukowski, Douglas (1998). 11637:Shafer, Jack (July 2017). 8039:Chicago mayoral elections 8000:meetings, and outside one 7775:$ 7.2 million in 2018 7766:$ 1.4 million in 2018 7562:United Press International 7547:The Appleton Post Crescent 7523: 7487:Cook County Superior Court 7475:Chicago Board of Education 4820: 4412:Thompson accused Dever of 4348: 4075:1927 (Republican Primary) 3954: 3868:1927 (Democratic Primary) 3368:Chicago Board of Education 2566:Attorney General elections 14341: 14325: 14167: 13735: 13674: 13598: 13532: 13466: 13420: 13214: 12936: 12895: 12829: 12608: 12323: 12087: 12009: 11986: 11931: 11799:Schmidt, John R. (1989). 9858:"Ministers Endorse Dever" 9187:Herrick, Mary J. (1971). 7737:Chicago Transit Authority 5612: 5524: 5521: 5518: 5453: 5265: 4884: 4679:Illinois Attorney General 4315: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4157: 4088: 4085: 4082: 3933: 3881: 3878: 3875: 3803:Chicago Police Department 181: 168: 62: 35: 23: 13687:Cutback Amendment (1980) 13215:Lieutenant gubernatorial 12923:18th congressional, 2015 12908:14th congressional, 2008 11385:. Chicago History Museum 11266:. Chicago Public Library 11135:Schmidt 1989 pp. 161–162 11082:"Chicago Boots Volstead" 8878:"Chicago Motor Coach Co" 8013:Straw poll conducted of 7680: 5511:1927 (General Election) 5482:after Thompson's victory 4767:, Julius Rosenwald, and 4511:election would lead to " 3632:Chicago mayoral election 2810:Cutback Amendment (1980) 14491:1927 Illinois elections 12918:2nd congressional, 2013 12913:5th congressional, 2009 12903:2nd congressional, 1995 11780:Polish American Studies 11755:Grossman, Mark (2008). 11403:Schottenhamel pp. 45–46 11383:Encyclopedia of Chicago 10974:"Will Rogers' Dispatch" 10872:Schottenhamel pp. 44–45 9377:Schottenhamel pp. 43–44 8882:Encyclopedia of Chicago 8371:. Chicago Park District 8282:"Dr. Robertson Resigns" 8270:Schottenhamel pp. 42–43 7952:Straw poll of West Side 7874:, and still another of 4002:, the Thompson-aligned 2083:Gubernatorial elections 11233:"Mr. Koop's two votes" 11053:Schmidt 1995 pp. 95–96 9863:The South Bend Tribune 8083:Schmidt 1995 pp. 87–89 7697:and George F. Harding. 7470: 7383: 5483: 5471: 5463: 5430: 5380:plain clothes officers 5374: 5366: 4802: 4749:Charles Edward Merriam 4689:Louis Lincoln Emmerson 4630: 4542:United States attorney 4470: 4409: 4401: 4063: 4048:Litsinger delivered a 3974: 3966: 3841: 3819: 3799:General Superintendent 3769: 14501:William Hale Thompson 12081:Elections in Illinois 11693:Bright, John (1930). 11182:The Daily Independent 9987:Chicago Daily Tribune 7811:Chicago "L" stations. 7721:Chicago Surface Lines 7708:Chicago Park District 7468: 7441:The Daily Independent 7378: 5541:William Hale Thompson 5477: 5469: 5461: 5420: 5372: 5364: 5357:Election day security 5291:William Hale Thompson 4913:William Hale Thompson 4815:Edward Herbert Wright 4799:Edward Herbert Wright 4797: 4628: 4461: 4422:school superintendent 4407: 4399: 4222:William Hale Thompson 4105:William Hale Thompson 4058: 3995:Chicago Traction Wars 3972: 3964: 3836: 3817: 3767: 3708:with his head as the 3698:William Hale Thompson 3624:William Hale Thompson 2603:Comptroller elections 635:U.S. Senate elections 228:Elections in Illinois 208:William Hale Thompson 188:Mayor before election 98:William Hale Thompson 14169:Chicago City Council 10928:Bukowski pp. 186–187 10666:"Fist Fights Common" 8831:Bukowski pp. 182–183 8287:The Daily Pantagraph 8243:on September 4, 2018 5566:William Emmett Dever 5500:Polish-American vote 5281:William Emmett Dever 4903:William Emmett Dever 4455:of municipal water. 4437:Archibald Willard's 4416:. Using the slogan " 4285:William Emmett Dever 4266:Edward R. Litsinger 4129:Edward R. Litsinger 3898:William Emmett Dever 3774:aldermanic elections 3667:William Emmett Dever 3616:William Emmett Dever 3315:Aldermanic elections 1031:U.S. House elections 193:William Emmett Dever 104:William Emmett Dever 13442:Secretary of State 11205:"Evidently married" 11071:Schottenhamel p. 49 11008:Schmidt 1989 p. 161 10999:Schottenhamel p. 35 10958:Schmidt 1989 p. 167 10940:Schmidt 1989 p. 166 10814:The Chicago Tribune 9828:Schmidt 1989 p. 162 9699:The Chicago Tribune 9292:Schmidt 1989 p. 157 9146:Schottenhamel p. 44 8606:. February 23, 1927 8512:Schmidt 1989 p. 156 8394:Schmidt 1989 p. 154 8261:Schottenhamel p. 33 8226:Schottenhamel p. 32 8214:Schottenhamel p. 43 8205:Schottenhamel p. 41 8193:Schottenhamel p. 42 8143:Schmidt 1989 p. 150 8134:Schmidt 1989 p. 148 8002:Knights of Columbus 7402:New York Daily News 5631: 5585:John Dill Robertson 5512: 5480:Sherman House Hotel 5392:Sherman House Hotel 5286:John Dill Robertson 4908:John Dill Robertson 4769:W. A. Wieboldt 4704:Cook County Coroner 4697:Cook County Sheriff 4641:, president of the 4637:endorsed Thompson. 4486:State Street subway 4420:", he alleged that 4247:John Dill Robertson 4193: 4076: 3869: 3745:John Dill Robertson 3637:Dever had enforced 3628:John Dill Robertson 109:John Dill Robertson 20: 13707:Marsy's Law (2014) 11238:The Ottawa Citizen 11115:The New York Times 11062:Schmidt 1995 p. 96 11032:The New York Times 9401:Carl, Jim (2009). 9232:Schmidt 1995 p. 95 9110:Schmidt 1995 p. 94 8718:"O'Hara Pulls Out" 8630:The New York Times 8604:The New York Times 8461:Bright pp. 257–258 8315:The New York Times 8125:Schmidt 1995 p. 93 8116:Schmidt 1995 p. 97 8107:Schmidt 1995 p. 90 8095:Schmidt 1995 p. 89 8041:became nonpartisan 8015:Motor Row District 7598:political cartoons 7471: 7430:The New York Times 7418:Frank Orren Lowden 7414:The New York Times 5629: 5505: 5484: 5472: 5464: 5431: 5427:electoral violence 5388:bullet-proof vests 5375: 5367: 4803: 4711:Chicago Postmaster 4700:Charles E. Graydon 4682:Oscar E. Carlstrom 4631: 4538:Theodore Roosevelt 4478:Chicago Daily News 4410: 4402: 4186: 4069: 4043:The New York Times 3987:Edward J. Brundage 3975: 3967: 3951:Republican primary 3862: 3820: 3810:Democratic primary 3790:The New York Times 3785:electoral violence 3770: 3733:Chicago Daily News 2830:Marsy's Law (2014) 2741:Judicial elections 246:Federal government 133:Popular vote 18: 14466: 14465: 13427:Attorney General 12928:Comptroller, 2016 12047: 12046: 11770:978-1-59237-297-3 11747:978-1-4165-8059-1 11643:POLITICO Magazine 11617:Chicago Sun-Times 11264:www.chipublib.org 10507:. Chicago Tribune 10477:. Chicago Tribune 10452:. Chicago Tribune 10424:. Chicago Tribune 10341:. Chicago Tribune 10313:. Chicago Tribune 10285:. Chicago Tribune 10126:. Chicago Tribune 10096:. Chicago Tribune 10066:. Chicago Tribune 10041:. Chicago Tribune 9669:. Chicago Tribune 9515:. Chicago Tribune 8977:. Chicago Tribune 8347:The Baltimore Sun 8317:. August 21, 1931 8172:on March 22, 2019 7977:soft drink parlor 7784:$ 720,000 in 2018 7568:on April 6, 1927. 7549:on April 4, 1927) 7506:pancreatic cancer 7392:Harper's Magazine 7342: 7341: 5627: 5626: 5411:Universal Service 5354: 5353: 5252: 5251: 4880: 4879: 4777:Walter Dill Scott 4738:Timothy D. Murphy 4719:Illinois Governor 4518:Bye Bye Blackbird 4445:League of Nations 4439:The Spirit of '76 4368:Union Stock Yards 4330: 4329: 4172: 4171: 4147:Eugene McCaffrey 4019:Back of the Yards 3983:Charles S. Deneen 3948: 3947: 3760:Primary elections 3718:Illinois Waterway 3687:George E. Brennan 3604: 3603: 3569: 3568: 3556:Mayoral elections 3538: 3537: 3390: 3389: 2897:Mayoral elections 2875:General elections 2857: 2856: 2786: 2785: 1841:General elections 1823: 1822: 222: 221: 218: 217: 164: 163: 58: 57: 14508: 14496:1920s in Chicago 14357:State's Attorney 12074: 12067: 12060: 12051: 12050: 12034:Philadelphia, PA 11908: 11901: 11894: 11885: 11884: 11880: 11868: 11854: 11833: 11814: 11795: 11774: 11762: 11751: 11739: 11725: 11706: 11680: 11679: 11677: 11675: 11660: 11654: 11653: 11651: 11649: 11634: 11628: 11627: 11625: 11623: 11608: 11602: 11601: 11599: 11597: 11580: 11574: 11573: 11571: 11569: 11554: 11548: 11547: 11545: 11543: 11529: 11523: 11522: 11520: 11518: 11503: 11497: 11496: 11494: 11492: 11482: 11475: 11469: 11468: 11466: 11464: 11454: 11447: 11441: 11440: 11438: 11436: 11426: 11419: 11413: 11410: 11404: 11401: 11395: 11394: 11392: 11390: 11375: 11364: 11363: 11361: 11359: 11308: 11302: 11301: 11299: 11297: 11282: 11276: 11275: 11273: 11271: 11256: 11250: 11249: 11247: 11245: 11235: 11228: 11222: 11221: 11219: 11217: 11207: 11200: 11194: 11193: 11191: 11189: 11179: 11171: 11165: 11164: 11162: 11160: 11150: 11142: 11136: 11133: 11127: 11126: 11124: 11122: 11107: 11098: 11097: 11095: 11093: 11078: 11072: 11069: 11063: 11060: 11054: 11051: 11045: 11044: 11042: 11040: 11028: 11020: 11009: 11006: 11000: 10997: 10991: 10990: 10988: 10986: 10979:The Boston Globe 10976: 10968: 10959: 10956: 10950: 10947: 10941: 10938: 10929: 10926: 10920: 10917: 10906: 10903: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10892: 10886: 10879: 10873: 10870: 10864: 10863: 10861: 10859: 10853: 10846: 10840: 10837: 10826: 10825: 10823: 10821: 10811: 10804: 10795: 10794: 10792: 10790: 10784: 10777: 10771: 10770: 10768: 10766: 10760: 10753: 10747: 10746: 10744: 10742: 10736: 10729: 10723: 10722: 10720: 10718: 10712: 10705: 10696: 10695: 10693: 10691: 10685: 10677: 10671: 10670: 10668: 10661: 10655: 10654: 10652: 10650: 10644: 10637: 10631: 10630: 10628: 10626: 10620: 10613: 10602: 10601: 10599: 10597: 10591: 10584: 10573: 10572: 10570: 10568: 10562: 10555: 10544: 10543: 10541: 10539: 10533: 10526: 10517: 10516: 10514: 10512: 10506: 10498: 10487: 10486: 10484: 10482: 10476: 10468: 10462: 10461: 10459: 10457: 10451: 10443: 10434: 10433: 10431: 10429: 10423: 10415: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10399: 10393: 10384: 10382: 10380: 10374: 10364: 10360: 10351: 10350: 10348: 10346: 10340: 10332: 10323: 10322: 10320: 10318: 10312: 10304: 10295: 10294: 10292: 10290: 10284: 10276: 10267: 10266: 10264: 10262: 10256: 10249: 10240: 10239: 10237: 10235: 10229: 10222: 10216: 10215: 10213: 10211: 10205: 10198: 10189: 10188: 10186: 10184: 10178: 10171: 10165: 10164: 10162: 10160: 10154: 10147: 10136: 10135: 10133: 10131: 10125: 10117: 10106: 10105: 10103: 10101: 10095: 10087: 10076: 10075: 10073: 10071: 10065: 10057: 10051: 10050: 10048: 10046: 10040: 10032: 10023: 10022: 10020: 10018: 10012: 10005: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9994: 9984: 9977: 9968: 9967: 9965: 9963: 9953: 9946: 9937: 9936: 9934: 9932: 9922: 9914: 9908: 9907: 9905: 9903: 9897: 9890: 9875: 9874: 9872: 9870: 9860: 9853: 9847: 9844: 9838: 9835: 9829: 9826: 9815: 9812: 9803: 9802: 9800: 9798: 9792: 9784: 9778: 9777: 9775: 9768: 9762: 9761: 9759: 9757: 9751: 9744: 9735: 9734: 9732: 9730: 9724: 9717: 9711: 9710: 9708: 9706: 9696: 9688: 9679: 9678: 9676: 9674: 9668: 9660: 9654: 9653: 9651: 9649: 9643: 9636: 9630: 9629: 9627: 9625: 9619: 9612: 9601: 9600: 9598: 9596: 9586: 9579: 9573: 9572: 9570: 9568: 9556: 9550: 9549: 9547: 9545: 9539: 9531: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9520: 9514: 9506: 9500: 9499: 9497: 9495: 9485: 9477: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9466: 9460: 9453: 9447: 9446: 9398: 9392: 9389: 9378: 9375: 9369: 9368: 9366: 9364: 9358: 9351: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9337: 9331: 9324: 9318: 9317: 9315: 9313: 9299: 9293: 9290: 9273: 9272: 9270: 9268: 9253: 9242: 9239: 9233: 9230: 9203: 9202: 9184: 9169: 9166: 9147: 9144: 9129: 9126: 9120: 9117: 9111: 9108: 9095: 9094: 9092: 9090: 9080: 9073: 9064: 9063: 9056: 9043: 9042: 9040: 9038: 9032: 9025: 9016: 9015: 9013: 9011: 9001: 8993: 8987: 8986: 8984: 8982: 8976: 8968: 8962: 8959: 8950: 8949: 8947: 8945: 8935: 8927: 8912: 8909: 8894: 8893: 8891: 8889: 8873: 8864: 8863: 8861: 8859: 8845: 8832: 8829: 8823: 8822: 8820: 8818: 8808: 8801: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8783: 8777: 8769: 8767: 8765: 8759: 8750: 8746: 8735: 8734: 8732: 8730: 8720: 8712: 8706: 8705: 8703: 8701: 8691: 8683: 8674: 8673: 8671: 8669: 8659: 8651: 8642: 8641: 8639: 8637: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8611: 8596: 8583: 8582: 8580: 8578: 8572: 8565: 8556: 8555: 8553: 8551: 8541: 8534: 8513: 8510: 8489: 8488: 8481: 8462: 8459: 8453: 8452: 8450: 8448: 8433: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8422: 8412: 8404: 8395: 8392: 8381: 8380: 8378: 8376: 8365: 8359: 8358: 8356: 8354: 8344: 8336: 8327: 8326: 8324: 8322: 8312: 8305: 8299: 8298: 8296: 8294: 8284: 8277: 8271: 8268: 8262: 8259: 8253: 8252: 8250: 8248: 8233: 8227: 8224: 8215: 8212: 8206: 8203: 8194: 8191: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8168:. Archived from 8157: 8144: 8141: 8135: 8132: 8126: 8123: 8117: 8114: 8108: 8105: 8096: 8093: 8084: 8081: 8064: 8045:Richard M. Daley 8037: 8031: 8024: 8018: 8011: 8005: 7993: 7987: 7968: 7962: 7959: 7953: 7950: 7944: 7941: 7935: 7931: 7925: 7913: 7907: 7904: 7898: 7895: 7889: 7886: 7880: 7864: 7858: 7847: 7841: 7837: 7831: 7828: 7822: 7818: 7812: 7801: 7795: 7791: 7785: 7782: 7776: 7773: 7767: 7764: 7758: 7755: 7749: 7746: 7740: 7717: 7711: 7704: 7698: 7691: 7666: 7646: 7630: 7610: 7577: 7558: 7542: 7502:Great Depression 5653:Robertson % 5632: 5630:Results by ward 5628: 5513: 5508:Mayor of Chicago 5504: 5414:Vincent Drucci. 5263: 5262: 4882: 4881: 4862: 4861: 4854: 4807:Arthur F. Albert 4789:Adolph J. Sabath 4715:Arthur C. Lueder 4693:Fred E. Sterling 4656:John Fitzpatrick 4593: 4575: 4574: 4563: 4425:William McAndrew 4378: 4377: 4363: 4333:General election 4194: 4189:Mayor of Chicago 4185: 4077: 4072:Mayor of Chicago 4068: 3870: 3865:Mayor of Chicago 3861: 3795:Associated Press 3738:Frederick Lundin 3691:Julius Rosenwald 3651:primary election 3618:was defeated by 3596: 3589: 3582: 3553: 3552: 3424:State's Attorney 3408:County elections 3405: 3404: 2872: 2871: 2799: 2798: 2619:Senate elections 1838: 1837: 1833:State government 251: 250: 238: 237: 224: 223: 184: 174: 88: 81: 74: 64: 63: 37: 36: 30: 29: 28: 21: 17: 14516: 14515: 14511: 14510: 14509: 14507: 14506: 14505: 14471: 14470: 14467: 14462: 14337: 14326:Other municipal 14321: 14163: 13737:Chicago mayoral 13731: 13722:Fair Tax (2020) 13670: 13594: 13528: 13462: 13416: 13210: 12932: 12891: 12825: 12604: 12319: 12083: 12078: 12048: 12043: 12005: 11982: 11934: 11927: 11912: 11877: 11859:Teaford, Jon C. 11830: 11811: 11771: 11748: 11722: 11689: 11684: 11683: 11673: 11671: 11661: 11657: 11647: 11645: 11635: 11631: 11621: 11619: 11609: 11605: 11595: 11593: 11581: 11577: 11567: 11565: 11556: 11555: 11551: 11541: 11539: 11531: 11530: 11526: 11516: 11514: 11504: 11500: 11490: 11488: 11477: 11476: 11472: 11462: 11460: 11457:Chicago Tribune 11449: 11448: 11444: 11434: 11432: 11421: 11420: 11416: 11412:Grossman p. 329 11411: 11407: 11402: 11398: 11388: 11386: 11377: 11376: 11367: 11357: 11355: 11309: 11305: 11295: 11293: 11283: 11279: 11269: 11267: 11258: 11257: 11253: 11243: 11241: 11230: 11229: 11225: 11215: 11213: 11202: 11201: 11197: 11187: 11185: 11172: 11168: 11158: 11156: 11153:Chicago Tribune 11143: 11139: 11134: 11130: 11120: 11118: 11117:. April 7, 1927 11109: 11108: 11101: 11091: 11089: 11080: 11079: 11075: 11070: 11066: 11061: 11057: 11052: 11048: 11038: 11036: 11035:. April 7, 1927 11026: 11022: 11021: 11012: 11007: 11003: 10998: 10994: 10984: 10982: 10969: 10962: 10957: 10953: 10948: 10944: 10939: 10932: 10927: 10923: 10919:Bukowski p. 186 10918: 10909: 10905:Kantowicz p. 79 10904: 10900: 10890: 10888: 10881: 10880: 10876: 10871: 10867: 10857: 10855: 10848: 10847: 10843: 10838: 10829: 10819: 10817: 10806: 10805: 10798: 10788: 10786: 10779: 10778: 10774: 10764: 10762: 10755: 10754: 10750: 10740: 10738: 10731: 10730: 10726: 10716: 10714: 10707: 10706: 10699: 10689: 10687: 10678: 10674: 10663: 10662: 10658: 10648: 10646: 10639: 10638: 10634: 10624: 10622: 10615: 10614: 10605: 10595: 10593: 10586: 10585: 10576: 10566: 10564: 10557: 10556: 10547: 10537: 10535: 10528: 10527: 10520: 10510: 10508: 10499: 10490: 10480: 10478: 10469: 10465: 10455: 10453: 10444: 10437: 10427: 10425: 10416: 10409: 10397: 10395: 10378: 10376: 10361: 10354: 10344: 10342: 10333: 10326: 10316: 10314: 10305: 10298: 10288: 10286: 10277: 10270: 10260: 10258: 10251: 10250: 10243: 10233: 10231: 10224: 10223: 10219: 10209: 10207: 10200: 10199: 10192: 10182: 10180: 10173: 10172: 10168: 10158: 10156: 10149: 10148: 10139: 10129: 10127: 10118: 10109: 10099: 10097: 10088: 10079: 10069: 10067: 10058: 10054: 10044: 10042: 10033: 10026: 10016: 10014: 10007: 10006: 10002: 9992: 9990: 9979: 9978: 9971: 9961: 9959: 9956:Chicago Tribune 9948: 9947: 9940: 9930: 9928: 9925:Chicago Tribune 9915: 9911: 9901: 9899: 9892: 9891: 9878: 9868: 9866: 9855: 9854: 9850: 9845: 9841: 9837:Bukowski p. 187 9836: 9832: 9827: 9818: 9813: 9806: 9796: 9794: 9785: 9781: 9770: 9769: 9765: 9755: 9753: 9746: 9745: 9738: 9728: 9726: 9719: 9718: 9714: 9704: 9702: 9689: 9682: 9672: 9670: 9661: 9657: 9647: 9645: 9638: 9637: 9633: 9623: 9621: 9614: 9613: 9604: 9594: 9592: 9589:Chicago Tribune 9581: 9580: 9576: 9566: 9564: 9557: 9553: 9543: 9541: 9532: 9528: 9518: 9516: 9507: 9503: 9493: 9491: 9488:Chicago Tribune 9478: 9474: 9464: 9462: 9455: 9454: 9450: 9399: 9395: 9391:Bukowski p. 182 9390: 9381: 9376: 9372: 9362: 9360: 9353: 9352: 9345: 9335: 9333: 9326: 9325: 9321: 9311: 9309: 9301: 9300: 9296: 9291: 9276: 9266: 9264: 9254: 9245: 9240: 9236: 9231: 9206: 9199: 9185: 9172: 9167: 9150: 9145: 9132: 9127: 9123: 9118: 9114: 9109: 9098: 9088: 9086: 9083:Chicago Tribune 9075: 9074: 9067: 9058: 9057: 9046: 9036: 9034: 9027: 9026: 9019: 9009: 9007: 9004:Chicago Tribune 8994: 8990: 8980: 8978: 8969: 8965: 8960: 8953: 8943: 8941: 8938:Chicago Tribune 8928: 8915: 8911:Bukowski p. 183 8910: 8897: 8887: 8885: 8874: 8867: 8857: 8855: 8853:Chicago "L".org 8847: 8846: 8835: 8830: 8826: 8816: 8814: 8811:Chicago Tribune 8803: 8802: 8793: 8781: 8779: 8772: 8763: 8761: 8754: 8748: 8747: 8738: 8728: 8726: 8723:Chicago Tribune 8713: 8709: 8699: 8697: 8694:Chicago Tribune 8684: 8677: 8667: 8665: 8662:Chicago Tribune 8652: 8645: 8635: 8633: 8624: 8623: 8619: 8609: 8607: 8598: 8597: 8586: 8576: 8574: 8567: 8566: 8559: 8549: 8547: 8544:Chicago Tribune 8536: 8535: 8516: 8511: 8492: 8483: 8482: 8465: 8460: 8456: 8446: 8444: 8434: 8430: 8420: 8418: 8415:Chicago Tribune 8405: 8398: 8393: 8384: 8374: 8372: 8367: 8366: 8362: 8352: 8350: 8337: 8330: 8320: 8318: 8307: 8306: 8302: 8292: 8290: 8279: 8278: 8274: 8269: 8265: 8260: 8256: 8246: 8244: 8235: 8234: 8230: 8225: 8218: 8213: 8209: 8204: 8197: 8192: 8185: 8175: 8173: 8158: 8147: 8142: 8138: 8133: 8129: 8124: 8120: 8115: 8111: 8106: 8099: 8094: 8087: 8082: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8067: 8057:Brandon Johnson 8038: 8034: 8025: 8021: 8012: 8008: 7994: 7990: 7969: 7965: 7960: 7956: 7951: 7947: 7942: 7938: 7932: 7928: 7914: 7910: 7905: 7901: 7896: 7892: 7887: 7883: 7865: 7861: 7848: 7844: 7838: 7834: 7829: 7825: 7819: 7815: 7802: 7798: 7792: 7788: 7783: 7779: 7774: 7770: 7765: 7761: 7756: 7752: 7747: 7743: 7718: 7714: 7705: 7701: 7695:William Lorimer 7692: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7673: 7670:Chicago Tribune 7667: 7658: 7651:Chicago Tribune 7647: 7638: 7635:Chicago Tribune 7631: 7622: 7615:Chicago Tribune 7611: 7600: 7599: 7596:Chicago Tribune 7591: 7590: 7589: 7586: 7583:Chicago Tribune 7578: 7569: 7559: 7550: 7543: 7532: 7531: 7526: 7479:insubordination 7437:Chicago Tribune 7347: 5647:Thompson % 5498:percent of the 5456: 5403:Carlos E. Black 5359: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5257: 5231:March 20, 1927 5209:March 21, 1927 5187:March 22, 1927 5165:March 23, 1927 5143:March 24, 1927 5121:March 25, 1927 5099:March 26, 1927 5077:March 27, 1927 5055:March 28, 1927 5033:March 29, 1927 5011:March 30, 1927 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4886:Chicago Tribune 4876: 4863: 4859: 4849:Chicago Tribune 4844:Chicago Tribune 4832:Chicago Tribune 4828: 4823: 4785:Donald Richberg 4757:Harold L. Ickes 4647:Chicago Tribune 4606: 4601: 4600: 4599: 4598: 4597: 4594: 4586: 4585: 4581:Chicago Tribune 4576: 4572: 4568: 4567: 4564: 4555: 4554: 4394: 4393: 4392: 4391: 4387: 4386: 4385: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4370: 4364: 4353: 4347: 4335: 4177: 4000:Robert E. Crowe 3991:Robert E. Crowe 3959: 3953: 3853:street lighting 3812: 3762: 3727:Chicago Tribune 3663: 3600: 3571: 3570: 3550: 3540: 3539: 3402: 3392: 3391: 2869: 2859: 2858: 2845:Fair Tax (2020) 2796: 2788: 2787: 1835: 1825: 1824: 248: 235: 210: 205: 195: 190: 182: 177: 176:Results by ward 169: 31: 26: 24: 12: 11: 5: 14514: 14504: 14503: 14498: 14493: 14488: 14483: 14464: 14463: 14461: 14460: 14455: 14450: 14445: 14440: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14420: 14415: 14410: 14405: 14400: 14395: 14390: 14385: 14380: 14375: 14370: 14365: 14360: 14353: 14347: 14345: 14339: 14338: 14336: 14335: 14329: 14327: 14323: 14322: 14320: 14319: 14314: 14309: 14304: 14299: 14294: 14289: 14284: 14279: 14274: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14254: 14249: 14244: 14239: 14234: 14229: 14224: 14219: 14214: 14209: 14204: 14199: 14194: 14189: 14184: 14179: 14173: 14171: 14165: 14164: 14162: 14161: 14156: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14131: 14126: 14121: 14116: 14111: 14106: 14101: 14096: 14091: 14086: 14081: 14076: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14041: 14036: 14031: 14026: 14021: 14016: 14011: 14006: 14001: 13996: 13991: 13986: 13981: 13976: 13971: 13966: 13961: 13956: 13951: 13946: 13941: 13936: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13916: 13909: 13904: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13869: 13864: 13859: 13854: 13849: 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13824: 13819: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13789: 13784: 13777: 13772: 13767: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13747: 13741: 13739: 13733: 13732: 13730: 13729: 13724: 13719: 13714: 13709: 13704: 13699: 13694: 13689: 13684: 13678: 13676: 13672: 13671: 13669: 13668: 13663: 13658: 13653: 13648: 13643: 13638: 13633: 13628: 13623: 13618: 13613: 13608: 13602: 13600: 13599:State judicial 13596: 13595: 13593: 13592: 13587: 13582: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13542: 13536: 13534: 13530: 13529: 13527: 13526: 13521: 13516: 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13491: 13486: 13481: 13476: 13470: 13468: 13464: 13463: 13461: 13460: 13459: 13458: 13450: 13449: 13448: 13440: 13439: 13438: 13433: 13424: 13422: 13418: 13417: 13415: 13414: 13409: 13404: 13399: 13394: 13389: 13384: 13379: 13374: 13369: 13364: 13359: 13354: 13349: 13344: 13339: 13334: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13314: 13309: 13304: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13279: 13274: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13249: 13244: 13239: 13234: 13229: 13224: 13218: 13216: 13212: 13211: 13209: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13183: 13178: 13173: 13168: 13163: 13158: 13153: 13148: 13143: 13138: 13133: 13128: 13123: 13118: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13078: 13073: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13043: 13038: 13033: 13028: 13023: 13018: 13013: 13008: 13003: 12998: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12968: 12963: 12958: 12953: 12948: 12942: 12940: 12934: 12933: 12931: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12910: 12905: 12899: 12897: 12893: 12892: 12890: 12889: 12884: 12879: 12874: 12869: 12864: 12859: 12849: 12844: 12839: 12833: 12831: 12827: 12826: 12824: 12823: 12818: 12813: 12808: 12803: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12783: 12778: 12773: 12768: 12763: 12758: 12753: 12748: 12743: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12703: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12683: 12678: 12673: 12668: 12663: 12658: 12653: 12648: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12628: 12623: 12618: 12612: 12610: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12602: 12592: 12582: 12577: 12563: 12558: 12553: 12548: 12543: 12538: 12533: 12528: 12523: 12518: 12513: 12508: 12503: 12498: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12468: 12463: 12458: 12453: 12448: 12443: 12438: 12433: 12428: 12423: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12378: 12373: 12368: 12363: 12358: 12353: 12348: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12327: 12325: 12321: 12320: 12318: 12317: 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12222: 12217: 12212: 12207: 12202: 12197: 12192: 12187: 12182: 12177: 12172: 12167: 12162: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12142: 12137: 12132: 12127: 12122: 12117: 12112: 12107: 12102: 12097: 12091: 12089: 12085: 12084: 12077: 12076: 12069: 12062: 12054: 12045: 12044: 12042: 12041: 12036: 12031: 12029:Manchester, NH 12026: 12021: 12015: 12013: 12007: 12006: 12004: 12003: 11998: 11992: 11990: 11984: 11983: 11981: 11980: 11979: 11978: 11970: 11969: 11968: 11960: 11959: 11958: 11950: 11949: 11948: 11939: 11937: 11929: 11928: 11911: 11910: 11903: 11896: 11888: 11882: 11881: 11875: 11855: 11834: 11828: 11815: 11809: 11796: 11775: 11769: 11752: 11746: 11726: 11720: 11707: 11688: 11685: 11682: 11681: 11669:Chicago Reader 11655: 11629: 11603: 11575: 11549: 11524: 11498: 11470: 11442: 11414: 11405: 11396: 11365: 11329:10.1086/456013 11303: 11277: 11251: 11223: 11195: 11166: 11137: 11128: 11099: 11086:Newspapers.com 11073: 11064: 11055: 11046: 11010: 11001: 10992: 10960: 10951: 10942: 10930: 10921: 10907: 10898: 10874: 10865: 10841: 10827: 10796: 10772: 10748: 10724: 10697: 10672: 10656: 10632: 10603: 10574: 10545: 10518: 10488: 10463: 10435: 10407: 10405: 10404: 10385: 10352: 10324: 10296: 10268: 10254:"Tribune Poll" 10241: 10217: 10203:"Tribune Poll" 10190: 10176:"News Summary" 10166: 10137: 10107: 10077: 10052: 10024: 10000: 9969: 9938: 9909: 9876: 9848: 9839: 9830: 9816: 9804: 9779: 9763: 9736: 9712: 9680: 9655: 9631: 9602: 9574: 9551: 9526: 9501: 9472: 9448: 9435:10.1086/595666 9419:10.1086/595666 9413:(2): 305–336. 9393: 9379: 9370: 9343: 9319: 9294: 9274: 9262:Chicago Reader 9243: 9234: 9204: 9197: 9170: 9168:Teaford p. 199 9148: 9130: 9121: 9112: 9096: 9065: 9044: 9017: 8988: 8963: 8951: 8913: 8895: 8865: 8833: 8824: 8791: 8789: 8788: 8770: 8736: 8707: 8675: 8643: 8617: 8584: 8557: 8514: 8490: 8463: 8454: 8428: 8396: 8382: 8360: 8328: 8300: 8272: 8263: 8254: 8228: 8216: 8207: 8195: 8183: 8166:Chicago Reader 8145: 8136: 8127: 8118: 8109: 8097: 8085: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8053:Lori Lightfoot 8032: 8019: 8006: 7988: 7963: 7954: 7945: 7936: 7926: 7908: 7899: 7890: 7881: 7859: 7842: 7832: 7823: 7813: 7796: 7786: 7777: 7768: 7759: 7750: 7741: 7712: 7699: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7675: 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Congressman 4753:Harriet Vittum 4742:Vincent Drucci 4668:elevated lines 4639:Margaret Haley 4615:Daily Defender 4605: 4602: 4595: 4588: 4587: 4577: 4570: 4569: 4565: 4558: 4557: 4556: 4552: 4551: 4550: 4549: 4490:LaSalle Street 4474:sensationalism 4389: 4388: 4383:Medinah Temple 4380: 4373: 4372: 4365: 4358: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4354: 4346: 4343: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4313: 4312: 4309: 4306: 4303: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4282: 4277: 4274: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4264: 4259: 4256: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4236: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4218: 4211: 4208: 4207: 4204: 4201: 4198: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4122: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4101: 4094: 4091: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4054:Morrison Hotel 3952: 3949: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3931: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3894: 3887: 3884: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3855:installation. 3825:Barratt O'Hara 3811: 3808: 3778:Washington Day 3761: 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12191: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12171: 12168: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12092: 12090: 12086: 12082: 12075: 12070: 12068: 12063: 12061: 12056: 12055: 12052: 12040: 12039:San Diego, CA 12037: 12035: 12032: 12030: 12027: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12019:Baltimore, MD 12017: 12016: 12014: 12012: 12008: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11993: 11991: 11989: 11985: 11977: 11974: 11973: 11972:Pennsylvania 11971: 11967: 11964: 11963: 11961: 11957: 11954: 11953: 11951: 11947: 11944: 11943: 11941: 11940: 11938: 11936: 11930: 11925: 11921: 11917: 11909: 11904: 11902: 11897: 11895: 11890: 11889: 11886: 11878: 11876:0-253-20914-5 11872: 11867: 11866: 11860: 11856: 11852: 11848: 11844: 11840: 11835: 11831: 11829:0-8093-1963-2 11825: 11821: 11816: 11812: 11810:0-87580-144-7 11806: 11802: 11797: 11793: 11789: 11785: 11781: 11776: 11772: 11766: 11761: 11760: 11753: 11749: 11743: 11738: 11737: 11731: 11730:Eig, Jonathan 11727: 11723: 11721:0-252-02365-X 11717: 11713: 11708: 11704: 11700: 11696: 11691: 11690: 11670: 11666: 11659: 11644: 11640: 11633: 11618: 11614: 11607: 11592: 11591: 11586: 11579: 11563: 11559: 11553: 11538: 11534: 11528: 11513: 11509: 11502: 11486: 11481: 11474: 11458: 11453: 11446: 11430: 11425: 11418: 11409: 11400: 11384: 11380: 11374: 11372: 11370: 11354: 11350: 11346: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11330: 11326: 11323:(2): 96–123. 11322: 11318: 11314: 11307: 11292: 11288: 11281: 11265: 11261: 11255: 11239: 11234: 11227: 11211: 11206: 11199: 11183: 11178: 11170: 11154: 11149: 11141: 11132: 11116: 11112: 11106: 11104: 11087: 11083: 11077: 11068: 11059: 11050: 11034: 11033: 11025: 11019: 11017: 11015: 11005: 10996: 10980: 10975: 10967: 10965: 10955: 10946: 10937: 10935: 10925: 10916: 10914: 10912: 10902: 10885: 10878: 10869: 10852: 10845: 10836: 10834: 10832: 10815: 10810: 10803: 10801: 10783: 10776: 10759: 10752: 10735: 10728: 10711: 10704: 10702: 10684: 10676: 10667: 10660: 10643: 10636: 10619: 10612: 10610: 10608: 10590: 10583: 10581: 10579: 10561: 10554: 10552: 10550: 10532: 10525: 10523: 10505: 10497: 10495: 10493: 10475: 10467: 10450: 10442: 10440: 10422: 10414: 10412: 10392: 10386: 10373: 10367: 10366: 10359: 10357: 10339: 10331: 10329: 10311: 10303: 10301: 10283: 10275: 10273: 10255: 10248: 10246: 10228: 10221: 10204: 10197: 10195: 10177: 10170: 10153: 10146: 10144: 10142: 10124: 10116: 10114: 10112: 10094: 10086: 10084: 10082: 10064: 10056: 10039: 10031: 10029: 10011: 10004: 9988: 9983: 9976: 9974: 9957: 9952: 9945: 9943: 9926: 9921: 9913: 9896: 9889: 9887: 9885: 9883: 9881: 9864: 9859: 9852: 9843: 9834: 9825: 9823: 9821: 9814:Eig pp. 94–95 9811: 9809: 9791: 9783: 9774: 9767: 9750: 9743: 9741: 9723: 9716: 9700: 9695: 9687: 9685: 9667: 9659: 9642: 9635: 9618: 9611: 9609: 9607: 9590: 9585: 9578: 9562: 9555: 9538: 9530: 9513: 9505: 9489: 9484: 9476: 9459: 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4504: 4502: 4501:Samuel Insull 4497: 4495: 4491: 4488:and widening 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4469: 4466: 4460: 4456: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4441: 4440: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4418:America First 4415: 4406: 4398: 4384: 4369: 4362: 4352: 4342: 4340: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4296: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4275: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4223: 4219: 4217: 4216: 4212: 4210: 4209: 4195: 4191: 4190: 4184: 4182: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4138: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4106: 4102: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4093: 4092: 4078: 4074: 4073: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4055: 4051: 4046: 4044: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4005: 4001: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3971: 3963: 3958: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3925: 3923:Martin Walsh 3922: 3920: 3917: 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3742: 3731: 3725: 3705: 3695: 3664: 3648: 3636: 3607: 3605: 3175: 206: 202: 191: 187: 152: 136: 96: 46: 15: 14343:Cook County 14333:1924 Cicero 13533:State House 12609:U.S. Senate 12599:Dem primary 12589:Dem primary 12574:Rep primary 12570:Dem primary 12024:Chicago, IL 12001:Mississippi 11924:→1928 11916:1926← 11687:Works cited 11648:January 10, 11622:January 10, 11184:. p. 1 11121:January 12, 11092:October 22, 11039:January 12, 10891:January 15, 10858:October 22, 10789:January 14, 10765:January 14, 10741:January 14, 10717:October 24, 10690:January 14, 10649:January 14, 10625:January 15, 10596:January 15, 10567:January 14, 10511:January 13, 10481:January 13, 10456:January 13, 10428:January 13, 10398:January 13, 10379:January 13, 10345:January 13, 10317:January 13, 10289:January 13, 10261:January 13, 10234:January 14, 10210:January 13, 10183:January 14, 10159:January 13, 10130:January 13, 10100:January 13, 10070:January 13, 10045:January 13, 10017:January 13, 9902:January 14, 9797:January 14, 9756:January 14, 9729:January 13, 9673:January 13, 9648:January 13, 9624:October 24, 9544:January 14, 9519:January 14, 9465:January 14, 9363:October 22, 9336:October 23, 9267:January 10, 9037:January 13, 8981:October 22, 8782:October 22, 8764:October 22, 8610:January 10, 8577:October 22, 8059:—have been 7917:The Tribune 7805:Chicago "L" 7655:World War I 7445:Murphysboro 7387:Elmer Davis 7365:Will Durant 7351:Will Rogers 5384:machine gun 5283:(Democrat) 4905:(Democrat) 4869:Phabricator 4836:straw polls 4761:Jane Addams 4707:Oscar Wolff 4522:Paul Revere 4449:World Court 4433:left-handed 4429:King George 4035:Lake County 4031:Lake Forest 3749:Dill Pickle 3696:Republican 3675:Prohibition 3639:Prohibition 3400:Cook County 149:Percentage 14475:Categories 13969:1893 (Dec) 13964:1893 (Apr) 13919:1876 (Jul) 13913:1876 (Apr) 13787:1844 (Apr) 13781:1844 (Mar) 12837:2000 (1st) 12830:U.S. House 11952:Louisiana 11537:Britannica 11358:January 7, 11244:January 7, 11216:January 7, 11210:The Record 11188:January 9, 11159:January 7, 10820:January 6, 9993:January 3, 9705:January 4, 9494:October 3, 9198:080390083X 8817:January 9, 8729:January 4, 8700:January 4, 8421:January 4, 8353:January 4, 8071:References 8063:Democrats. 7972:Protestant 7855:south side 7809:North Side 7723:while the 5599:Socialist 5561:Democratic 5534:Republican 5519:Candidate 5448:soft drink 5440:kidnapping 5273:published 4895:published 4834:conducted 4494:pyromaniac 4349:See also: 4200:Candidate 4143:Republican 4125:Republican 4098:Republican 4083:Candidate 4056:, saying, 4050:concession 4027:high brows 4023:Gold Coast 3955:See also: 3919:Democratic 3891:Democratic 3876:Candidate 3710:figurehead 3704:named the 3679:dark horse 3661:Background 3622:candidate 3620:Republican 3614:incumbent 3612:Democratic 212:Republican 197:Democratic 124:Democratic 119:Republican 11988:Governors 11942:Colorado 11918:) 11703:557783528 11674:April 26, 11596:April 26, 11542:April 26, 11517:March 23, 11435:March 28, 11353:143752260 11337:0013-5984 10985:April 15, 10839:Eig p. 96 10538:April 26, 9869:March 18, 9846:Eig p. 95 9595:March 18, 9567:March 11, 9443:145078307 9427:0195-6744 9312:March 20, 9010:March 28, 8944:March 18, 8858:March 24, 8668:March 18, 8447:March 23, 8375:March 21, 8321:April 19, 8293:March 28, 8247:March 18, 8176:March 22, 7924:ballots". 7876:Norwegian 7851:west side 7619:Uncle Sam 7455:Communist 7345:Aftermath 5650:Robertson 4773:Max Mason 4734:Jack Zuta 4732:included 4729:Al Capone 4722:Len Small 4664:streetcar 4531:race riot 3827:, former 3665:Democrat 3644:Al Capone 3370:elections 11996:Kentucky 11922: ( 11861:(1993). 11851:40189189 11792:20147849 11732:(2010). 11568:April 6, 11491:April 6, 11389:June 13, 9931:April 9, 8888:April 9, 8061:de facto 8030:victory. 7840:margin". 7710:in 1934. 7518:Trumpism 7361:plug hat 5644:Thompson 5617:999,743 5571:432,678 5547:515,716 4620:L'Italia 4453:metering 4447:and the 4345:Campaign 4301:Write-in 4280:Write-in 4262:Write-in 4242:Write-in 4215:Write-in 4181:write-in 4162:506,152 4132:162,240 4111:342,279 3938:162,682 3905:149,422 3730:and the 3722:alderman 3706:Big Bill 3548:Rockford 141:432,678 93:Nominee 12896:Special 12088:By year 8442:TimeOut 8004:meeting 7872:Swedish 7524:Gallery 7496:in the 7457:leader 7426:in 1920 7408:Tammany 7323:515,716 7317:432,678 5622:100.00 5589:51,347 5350:21.99% 5342:32.29% 5331:16.82% 5323:21.96% 5312:19.54% 5304:40.12% 5237:44.08% 5226:+23.31 5215:35.46% 5201:44.22% 5182:+12.85 5171:41.64% 5160:+23.27 5149:36.19% 5127:46.58% 5105:43.31% 5102:12,916 5094:+33.96 5083:31.20% 5072:+17.96 5069:38.89% 5050:+10.82 5047:43.07% 5017:44.82% 5014:10,473 4995:44.70% 4973:44.34% 4951:46.77% 4948:13,789 4929:46.36% 4926:11,716 4871:and on 4821:Polling 4465:the war 4414:treason 4339:runoffs 4325:100.00 4167:100.00 3943:100.00 3926:13,260 3801:of the 3671:in 1923 3261:1989 sp 3241:1977 sp 3116:1893 sp 2867:Chicago 1782:18th sp 1730:14th sp 1661:15th sp 1646:21st sp 1629:14th sp 1599:10th sp 1552:15th sp 1528:13th sp 1438:19th sp 1277:18th sp 1272:10th sp 998:2010 sp 923:1970 sp 868:1940 sp 843:1928 sp 813:1913 sp 758:1887 sp 753:1885 sp 728:1863 sp 708:1849 sp 673:1830 sp 663:1824 sp 144:51,347 137:515,716 67: 14355:1980 ( 12011:Mayors 11976:1st sp 11966:2nd sp 11956:7th sp 11946:1st sp 11873: 11849: 11826: 11807: 11790: 11767: 11744: 11718: 11701: 11351: 11345:995578 11343: 11335: 9441: 9433: 9425: 9195: 8055:, and 7868:Jewish 7338:0.00% 7329:51,347 7326:51.58% 7320:43.28% 7296:51.86% 7291:13,935 7287:40.30% 7284:10,827 7264:40.16% 7261:12,233 7257:55.14% 7252:16,797 7230:51.22% 7221:42.79% 7197:55.92% 7192:12,754 7188:34.61% 7164:54.78% 7155:38.39% 7131:57.83% 7122:36.36% 7098:51.79% 7089:42.54% 7065:56.68% 7056:37.65% 7033:46.03% 7026:50.63% 6999:57.47% 6994:17,212 6990:36.60% 6987:10,961 6966:61.08% 6961:18,139 6957:33.26% 6933:50.43% 6928:15,709 6924:43.72% 6921:13,621 6900:53.51% 6891:40.35% 6867:47.71% 6862:16,366 6858:42.70% 6855:14,647 6834:61.54% 6829:10,293 6825:30.05% 6814:0.01% 6801:62.61% 6792:29.11% 6769:45.50% 6762:50.22% 6736:47.34% 6729:47.69% 6703:46.89% 6696:48.58% 6669:55.07% 6660:41.98% 6637:42.25% 6634:13,479 6630:53.28% 6625:16,998 6604:45.40% 6601:11,095 6597:49.35% 6592:12,059 6570:57.50% 6565:10,377 6561:33.44% 6537:50.78% 6528:42.47% 6504:57.30% 6495:40.02% 6472:38.68% 6465:56.58% 6439:38.63% 6432:58.89% 6406:39.55% 6399:55.42% 6394:10,282 6373:35.19% 6366:57.96% 6340:47.97% 6333:48.53% 6306:63.55% 6297:34.12% 6274:44.83% 6271:14,240 6267:49.82% 6262:15,822 6241:45.72% 6238:10,803 6234:49.63% 6229:11,727 6207:48.70% 6198:45.51% 6174:48.82% 6165:47.57% 6142:44.48% 6139:13,437 6135:50.54% 6130:15,268 6109:42.27% 6102:55.90% 6097:10,163 6076:32.89% 6069:65.29% 6042:52.41% 6037:10,031 6033:44.06% 6010:41.64% 6003:54.55% 5976:59.29% 5967:34.07% 5950:11.12% 5943:47.17% 5934:41.70% 5910:47.30% 5905:13,256 5901:47.19% 5898:13,226 5878:44.02% 5875:12,969 5871:52.33% 5866:15,416 5845:45.27% 5842:10,843 5838:51.02% 5833:12,220 5812:42.40% 5809:10,236 5805:54.47% 5800:13,148 5778:73.40% 5773:20,107 5769:25.00% 5745:87.64% 5740:27,715 5736:11.02% 5712:91.25% 5707:24,169 5680:24.98% 5673:70.38% 5668:11,076 5574:43.28 5552:51.58 5522:Votes 5516:Party 5454:Result 5444:bombed 5423:bombed 5346:45.72% 5339:1,660 5327:61.21% 5308:40.34% 5301:1,361 5276:Sample 5248:+7.58 5244:51.66% 5240:4.25% 5234:5,882 5222:58.77% 5218:5.76% 5212:5,368 5204:+9.46 5198:4.25% 5194:53.68% 5190:9,321 5178:54.59% 5174:3.75% 5168:8,029 5156:59.46% 5152:4.35% 5146:6,946 5138:+1.42 5134:48.00% 5130:6.48% 5124:5,664 5116:+9.60 5112:52.91% 5108:4.76% 5090:65.16% 5086:3.54% 5080:5,956 5066:4.26% 5062:56.85% 5058:4,741 5044:3.03% 5040:53.89% 5036:8,283 5028:+5.19 5024:50.01% 5020:4.16% 5006:+5.68 5002:50.38% 4998:4.90% 4992:8,943 4984:+6.07 4980:50.41% 4976:5.25% 4970:6,198 4962:+2.95 4958:49.72% 4954:3.50% 4940:+1.73 4936:48.09% 4932:5.56% 4898:Sample 4759:, and 4740:, and 4610:Hearst 4482:mental 4272:19.40 4254:28.97 4233:43.58 4203:Votes 4197:Party 4150:1,633 4135:32.05 4116:67.62 4086:Votes 4080:Party 4037:too?" 3910:91.85 3879:Votes 3873:Party 3851:, and 3714:Borneo 1767:2nd sp 1740:5th sp 1681:2nd sp 1614:1st sp 1577:5th sp 1562:7th sp 1540:6th sp 1488:7th sp 1468:7th sp 1376:4th sp 1371:2nd sp 1344:4th sp 1167:6th sp 1152:6th sp 157:43.3% 115:Party 11962:Ohio 11935:House 11933:U.S. 11847:JSTOR 11788:JSTOR 11349:S2CID 11341:JSTOR 11027:(PDF) 9439:S2CID 9431:JSTOR 7879:1927. 7681:Notes 7332:5.14% 7314:Total 7303:7.84% 7300:2,107 7270:4.70% 7267:1,433 7237:5.99% 7234:1,125 7225:9,619 7218:8,037 7204:9.47% 7201:2,161 7185:7,893 7171:6.84% 7168:1,188 7159:9,515 7152:6,668 7138:5.81% 7126:9,378 7119:5,897 7105:5.67% 7093:8,386 7086:6,887 7072:5.67% 7060:8,431 7053:5,601 7039:3.34% 7030:6,255 7021:6,879 7006:5.94% 7003:1,778 6973:5.66% 6970:1,681 6954:9,877 6940:5.85% 6937:1,822 6907:6.14% 6895:8,529 6888:6,431 6874:9.59% 6871:3,288 6841:8.41% 6838:1,407 6822:5,027 6808:8.27% 6805:1,208 6796:9,150 6789:4,254 6775:4.28% 6766:5,812 6757:6,416 6742:4.98% 6733:5,562 6724:5,603 6709:4.53% 6700:5,204 6691:5,392 6676:2.95% 6664:5,069 6657:3,864 6643:4.46% 6640:1,424 6610:5.25% 6607:1,283 6577:9.06% 6574:1,635 6558:6,035 6544:6.75% 6541:1,139 6532:8,565 6525:7,164 6511:2.68% 6499:6,948 6492:4,853 6478:4.73% 6469:4,608 6460:6,740 6445:2.48% 6436:5,361 6427:8,174 6412:5.03% 6403:7,338 6379:6.85% 6370:4,688 6361:7,721 6346:3.51% 6337:6,167 6328:6,239 6313:2.32% 6301:7,822 6294:4,200 6280:5.35% 6277:1,699 6247:4.65% 6244:1,098 6214:5.80% 6211:1,069 6202:8,977 6195:8,389 6181:3.61% 6169:9,288 6162:9,049 6148:4.98% 6145:1,506 6115:1.83% 6106:7,685 6082:1.82% 6073:3,214 6064:6,379 6049:3.53% 6030:8,433 6016:3.80% 6007:5,253 5998:6,882 5983:6.64% 5971:7,913 5964:4,547 5947:1,805 5938:7,654 5931:6,766 5917:5.51% 5914:1,543 5884:3.70% 5881:1,077 5851:3.70% 5818:3.13% 5785:1.60% 5766:6,848 5752:1.34% 5733:3,484 5719:1.99% 5703:6.76% 5700:1,791 5686:4.64% 5677:3,931 5638:Dever 5608:0.00 5592:5.14 5278:size 4918:Lead 4900:size 4513:Negro 4311:0.25 4293:7.81 4153:0.32 3929:8.15 3420:1980 1778:2015 1763:2013 1736:2009 1677:1995 1657:1991 1625:1985 1610:1983 1573:1975 1558:1973 1524:1969 1484:1957 1464:1953 1367:1923 1361:AL sp 1268:1895 1202:AL sp 1198:1871 1163:1861 1148:1859 160:5.1% 153:51.6% 14458:2022 14453:2020 14448:2018 14443:2016 14438:2014 14433:2012 14428:2010 14423:2008 14418:2006 14413:2004 14408:2002 14403:2000 14398:1998 14393:1996 14388:1994 14383:1992 14378:1990 14373:1988 14368:1986 14363:1984 14351:1946 14317:2023 14312:2019 14307:2015 14302:2011 14297:2007 14292:2003 14287:1999 14282:1995 14277:1991 14272:1987 14267:1983 14262:1979 14257:1975 14252:1971 14247:1967 14242:1963 14237:1959 14232:1955 14227:1951 14222:1947 14217:1943 14212:1939 14207:1935 14202:1933 14197:1931 14192:1929 14187:1927 14182:1925 14177:1923 14159:2023 14154:2019 14149:2015 14144:2011 14139:2007 14134:2003 14129:1999 14124:1995 14119:1991 14114:1989 14109:1987 14104:1983 14099:1979 14094:1977 14089:1975 14084:1971 14079:1967 14074:1963 14069:1959 14064:1955 14059:1951 14054:1947 14049:1943 14044:1939 14039:1935 14034:1931 14029:1927 14024:1923 14019:1919 14014:1915 14009:1911 14004:1907 13999:1905 13994:1903 13989:1901 13984:1899 13979:1897 13974:1895 13959:1891 13954:1889 13949:1887 13944:1885 13939:1883 13934:1881 13929:1879 13924:1877 13907:1873 13902:1871 13897:1869 13892:1867 13887:1865 13882:1863 13877:1862 13872:1861 13867:1860 13862:1859 13857:1858 13852:1857 13847:1856 13842:1855 13837:1854 13832:1853 13827:1852 13822:1851 13817:1850 13812:1849 13807:1848 13802:1847 13797:1846 13792:1845 13775:1843 13770:1842 13765:1841 13760:1840 13755:1839 13750:1838 13745:1837 13666:2022 13661:2020 13656:2018 13651:2016 13646:2014 13641:2012 13636:1962 13631:1960 13626:1948 13621:1942 13616:1940 13611:1938 13606:1936 13590:2024 13585:2022 13580:2020 13575:2018 13570:2016 13565:2014 13560:2012 13555:2010 13550:2008 13545:2006 13540:2004 13524:2024 13519:2022 13514:2020 13509:2018 13504:2016 13499:2014 13494:2012 13489:2010 13484:2008 13479:2006 13474:2004 13456:2016 13446:2022 13436:2022 13431:2018 13412:1968 13407:1964 13402:1960 13397:1956 13392:1952 13387:1948 13382:1944 13377:1940 13372:1936 13367:1932 13362:1928 13357:1924 13352:1920 13347:1916 13342:1912 13337:1908 13332:1904 13327:1900 13322:1896 13317:1892 13312:1888 13307:1884 13302:1880 13297:1876 13292:1872 13287:1868 13282:1864 13277:1860 13272:1856 13267:1852 13262:1848 13257:1846 13252:1842 13247:1838 13242:1834 13237:1830 13232:1826 13227:1822 13222:1818 13206:2022 13201:2018 13196:2014 13191:2010 13186:2006 13181:2002 13176:1998 13171:1994 13166:1990 13161:1986 13156:1982 13151:1978 13146:1976 13141:1972 13136:1968 13131:1964 13126:1960 13121:1956 13116:1952 13111:1948 13106:1944 13101:1940 13096:1936 13091:1932 13086:1928 13081:1924 13076:1920 13071:1916 13066:1912 13061:1908 13056:1904 13051:1900 13046:1896 13041:1892 13036:1888 13031:1884 13026:1880 13021:1876 13016:1872 13011:1868 13006:1864 13001:1860 12996:1856 12991:1852 12986:1848 12981:1846 12976:1842 12971:1838 12966:1834 12961:1830 12956:1826 12951:1822 12946:1818 12887:2022 12882:2020 12877:2018 12872:2016 12867:2014 12862:2012 12856:17th 12852:2010 12847:2008 12842:2006 12821:2022 12816:2020 12811:2016 12806:2014 12801:2010 12796:2008 12791:2004 12786:2002 12781:1998 12776:1996 12771:1992 12766:1990 12761:1986 12756:1984 12751:1980 12746:1978 12741:1974 12736:1972 12731:1970 12726:1968 12721:1966 12716:1962 12711:1960 12706:1956 12701:1954 12696:1950 12691:1948 12686:1944 12681:1942 12676:1940 12671:1938 12666:1936 12661:1932 12656:1930 12651:1928 12646:1926 12641:1924 12636:1920 12631:1918 12626:1914 12621:1913 12616:1885 12595:2020 12585:2016 12580:2012 12566:2008 12561:2004 12556:2000 12551:1996 12546:1992 12541:1988 12536:1984 12531:1980 12526:1976 12521:1972 12516:1968 12511:1964 12506:1960 12501:1956 12496:1952 12491:1948 12486:1944 12481:1940 12476:1936 12471:1932 12466:1928 12461:1924 12456:1920 12451:1916 12446:1912 12441:1908 12436:1904 12431:1900 12426:1896 12421:1892 12416:1888 12411:1884 12406:1880 12401:1876 12396:1872 12391:1868 12386:1864 12381:1860 12376:1856 12371:1852 12366:1848 12361:1844 12356:1840 12351:1836 12346:1832 12341:1828 12336:1824 12331:1820 12315:2022 12310:2020 12305:2018 12300:2016 12295:2014 12290:2012 12285:2010 12280:2008 12275:2006 12270:2004 12265:2002 12260:2000 12255:1998 12250:1996 12245:1994 12240:1992 12235:1990 12230:1998 12225:1986 12220:1984 12215:1982 12210:1980 12205:1978 12200:1976 12195:1974 12190:1972 12185:1970 12180:1969 12175:1968 12170:1966 12165:1964 12160:1962 12155:1960 12150:1958 12145:1956 12140:1954 12135:1952 12130:1950 12125:1948 12120:1946 12115:1944 12110:1942 12105:1940 12100:1938 12095:1936 11871:ISBN 11824:ISBN 11805:ISBN 11765:ISBN 11742:ISBN 11716:ISBN 11699:OCLC 11676:2023 11650:2022 11624:2022 11598:2023 11570:2019 11562:WTTW 11544:2023 11519:2019 11512:WTTW 11493:2019 11465:2018 11437:2019 11391:2018 11360:2022 11333:ISSN 11298:2020 11272:2020 11246:2019 11218:2019 11190:2019 11161:2019 11123:2022 11094:2023 11041:2022 10987:2019 10893:2022 10860:2023 10822:2019 10791:2022 10767:2022 10743:2022 10719:2022 10692:2022 10651:2022 10627:2022 10598:2022 10569:2022 10540:2023 10513:2022 10483:2022 10458:2022 10430:2022 10400:2022 10381:2022 10347:2022 10319:2022 10291:2022 10263:2022 10236:2022 10212:2022 10185:2022 10161:2022 10132:2022 10102:2022 10072:2022 10047:2022 10019:2022 9995:2019 9964:2018 9933:2019 9904:2022 9871:2019 9799:2022 9758:2022 9731:2022 9707:2019 9675:2022 9650:2022 9626:2022 9597:2019 9569:2020 9546:2022 9521:2022 9496:2018 9467:2022 9423:ISSN 9365:2023 9338:2023 9314:2019 9269:2022 9193:ISBN 9091:2018 9039:2022 9012:2019 8983:2023 8946:2019 8890:2019 8860:2019 8819:2019 8784:2023 8766:2023 8731:2019 8702:2019 8670:2019 8638:2022 8612:2022 8579:2023 8552:2018 8449:2019 8423:2019 8377:2019 8355:2019 8323:2020 8295:2019 8249:2019 8178:2019 8028:1915 7921:loop 7516:and 7281:50th 7248:49th 7215:48th 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