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1918 East Cavan by-election

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332: 103: 30: 412:. It seems clear that the threat of conscription (which was never, in fact, imposed) was a major factor in Sinn Féin's victory, along with the 'German Plot' arrests. Without them, Dillon argued, his party would have won a decisive majority. Michael Laffan writes that the victory "enabled Sinn Féin to regain its momentum of 1917 and to recover from its setbacks in the three recent campaigns". 360:'. This brought about a wave of sympathy from the public, and it was now Dillon's turn to face demands for his candidate to withdraw. He refused, saying it "would be taken as a sign of weakness of the Irish Parliamentary Party were they to withdraw their candidate". Griffith won the support of others including the Irish Parliamentary Party's MPs for North Meath, 349:, which supported the Party. "No other choice could have been calculated to add bitterness to the contest", Dillon later commented. Catholic Church leaders supported Dillon's proposal, but without success. J. F. O'Hanlon, a member of Cavan Urban District Council, was nominated as candidate of the IPP. 371:
The campaign also focused on economic issues, with the IPP supporters arguing that they had achieved increases in the price of flour, and Sinn Féin claiming responsibility for a rise in old age pensions. At one meeting, there were reports of mud and eggs being thrown at speakers supporting O'Hanlon.
2277: 343:, and described his refusal to do so as 'wanton provocation'. Griffith, unpopular with the IPP because of his many years of criticisms of what he saw as their excessive moderation, was attacked in the pages of the 756: 300:– boycotted by Sinn Féin – about to present its report on proposals for implementing self-government for Ireland, there was a possibility that Sinn Féin support might be receding. 733: 383:
on Sunday 26 May. This oration became known as 'Father O'Flanagan's Suppressed Speech' and was quickly proscribed by the censor. Sinn Féin printed and published the speech.
315:. The backlash among the Nationalist population was strong. On the day of Young's death, an Anti-Conscription Committee was formed in Dublin, which included Griffith and 352:
Griffith began the campaign energetically, visiting the constituency five times in just over three weeks. The situation took a new turn on 17 May, when the Viceroy,
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reported, "but it is generally admitted that the Nationalist candidate has improved his chances very considerably in the past fortnight".
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At this point the British government made what is now generally regarded as a catastrophic misjudgement. With losses mounting on the
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When the votes were counted, Griffith was elected with 3,785 votes as against 2,581 for O'Hanlon. In keeping with his party's
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It had been clear for a long time that a by-election was likely, for Young was 96 years old and had been in poor health;
257:'s preparations had begun as long as a year in advance. Within days of his death, the party's founder and former leader 2282: 2251: 2154: 2010: 1766: 1690: 1674: 1464: 1416: 1314: 1250: 1233: 989: 918: 871: 866: 850: 2027: 1840: 1771: 1596: 1396: 1358: 1336: 1119: 1005: 995: 839: 741: 2043: 1872: 1829: 1809: 1803: 1749: 1739: 1496: 1480: 1352: 1320: 1212: 1097: 1021: 886: 823: 265: 386:
Reports shortly before the voting suggested it would be close-run: "Both sides express confidence in the result",
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Dillon now called for Griffith to stand aside in favour of a neutral candidate, Mayor of Dublin
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Parliamentary by-election for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of East Cavan
345: 8: 340: 319:, newly elected leader of the IPP. The next day Sinn Féin took the seat of Tullamore in 365: 308: 2278:
By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in County Cavan constituencies
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on 20 June 1918. The election was caused by the death of the sitting member,
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The political climate was tense. Having won four by-elections in 1917 - in
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A political cartoon showing Arthur Griffith (left) and John Dillon (right)
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William O'Brien and the Course of Irish Politics: 1881 - 1918
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decided to tie proposals for self-government to the
375:Griffith's fellow vice-president in Sinn Féin, Fr. 679:"Father O'Flanagan's Suppressed Speech, May 1918" 2264: 591:, (Cambridge University Press, 1999) page 147-9. 180: 727: 404:policy, Griffith refused to take his seat at 229:held for the United Kingdom House of Commons 655:(Joseph Valentine O'Brien, 1976), page 234. 734: 720: 676: 583: 581: 579: 577: 575: 573: 571: 408:. He was re-elected for the seat in the 330: 1936:Edinburgh & St Andrews Universities 1787:Edinburgh & St Andrews Universities 602:The Transformation of Ireland 1900-2000 2265: 757:30th Parliament of the United Kingdom 715: 604:(Profile Books, 2004), pages 181-183. 568: 513: 420: 2273:1918 elections in the United Kingdom 313:extension of conscription to Ireland 13: 14: 2299: 261:was nominated as its candidate. 101: 28: 326: 696: 670: 658: 645: 633: 621: 607: 594: 1: 561: 416:By-election 1918: East Cavan 395: 248: 296:- in by-elections. With the 284:(IPP) had won three seats - 7: 2130:St George's, Hanover Square 1577:St George's, Hanover Square 1196:St George's, Hanover Square 589:The Resurrection of Ireland 223:1918 East Cavan by-election 22:1918 East Cavan by-election 10: 2304: 862:Kingston upon Hull Central 321:an uncontested by-election 2283:1918 elections in Ireland 2169: 1997: 1795: 1563: 1383: 1242: 1106: 970: 773: 533: 497: 432: 429: 426: 423: 282:Irish Parliamentary Party 243:Irish Parliamentary Party 178: 82: 74: 65: 38: 26: 2173:Lists of UK by-elections 1587:North West Staffordshire 1267:Bethnal Green South West 907:Bethnal Green South West 683:From Cliffoney to Crosna 410:general election of 1918 1613:Liverpool East Toxteth 808:North East Lanarkshire 336: 2102:Manchester North East 1375:Sheffield Attercliffe 1299:North East Derbyshire 1071:Manchester North West 677:O'Flanagan, Michael. 334: 1889:Liverpool Abercromby 1476:Dublin College Green 1076:East Carmarthenshire 787:Cambridge University 225:was a parliamentary 2065:Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1915:South Monmouthshire 1453:Carmarthen Boroughs 1417:Thirsk & Malton 1326:East Worcestershire 979:Carmarthen District 851:Ross & Cromarty 600:Diarmaid Ferriter, 542:Irish Parliamentary 478:Irish Parliamentary 417: 194:Irish Parliamentary 143:Irish Parliamentary 23: 1713:Berwick-upon-Tweed 1437:Liverpool Kirkdale 1142:Houghton-le-Spring 1038:North West Norfolk 415: 377:Michael O'Flanagan 337: 309:David Lloyd George 185:MP before election 149:Popular vote 21: 2260: 2259: 1952:Dublin University 1815:Dublin University 1767:Ashton-under-Lyne 1691:South Londonderry 1675:Dublin University 1465:Kilmarnock Burghs 1315:Oxford University 1251:North West Durham 1234:South Lanarkshire 1098:Bow & Bromley 990:Glasgow St Rollox 919:Kilmarnock Burghs 867:Glasgow Tradeston 559: 558: 346:Freeman's Journal 307:, Prime Minister 219: 218: 215: 214: 174: 173: 61: 60: 2295: 2288:June 1918 events 2252:Hereditary peers 2247:Northern Ireland 2028:Manchester South 1772:Sheffield Hallam 1597:Bradford Central 1397:Swansea District 1359:Londonderry City 1337:Swansea District 1120:Londonderry City 1006:South East Essex 996:Manchester South 840:Birmingham South 768: 759: 750: 736: 729: 722: 713: 712: 706: 700: 694: 693: 691: 689: 674: 668: 662: 656: 651:Joseph O'Brien, 649: 643: 637: 631: 625: 619: 618:, 27 April 1918. 611: 605: 598: 592: 587:Michael Laffan, 585: 435: 418: 414: 341:Laurence O'Neill 298:Irish Convention 181: 113: 105: 84: 83: 67:Constituency of 40: 39: 33: 32: 31: 24: 20: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2297: 2296: 2294: 2293: 2292: 2263: 2262: 2261: 2256: 2165: 2044:Birmingham West 1993: 1873:Edinburgh South 1830:West Perthshire 1810:North Roscommon 1804:Inverness-shire 1791: 1750:North Fermanagh 1740:St Pancras West 1559: 1497:Glasgow Central 1481:North Tipperary 1379: 1353:The Hartlepools 1321:Birmingham West 1238: 1213:Linlithgowshire 1102: 1022:Nottingham East 966: 887:North East Cork 824:Haddingtonshire 769: 764:31st Parliament 760: 751: 746:29th Parliament 742: 740: 710: 709: 701: 697: 687: 685: 675: 671: 663: 659: 650: 646: 638: 634: 626: 622: 612: 608: 599: 595: 586: 569: 564: 482:J. F. O'Hanlon 451:Arthur Griffith 398: 366:William O'Brien 364:and Cork City, 329: 266:North Roscommon 259:Arthur Griffith 251: 207: 205:Arthur Griffith 202: 192: 187: 179: 129:J. F. 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Retrieved 682: 672: 664: 660: 652: 647: 639: 635: 627: 623: 613: 609: 601: 596: 588: 551: 537: 525: 507: 491: 467: 466: 461: 456: 449: 442: 399: 387: 385: 374: 370: 351: 344: 338: 327:The campaign 302: 286:South Armagh 263: 252: 239:Samuel Young 231:constituency 222: 220: 203: 199: 190:Samuel Young 188: 184: 165: 152: 122: 110: 90:First party 50:20 June 1918 49: 18: 2140:Mid Norfolk 2122:September: 2034:East Tyrone 1989:Southampton 1967:Basingstoke 1777:Whitechapel 1727:September: 1644:Cockermouth 1618:North Louth 1412:Howdenshire 1402:Scarborough 1365:East Galway 1346:September: 1229:Wick Burghs 1158:Whitechapel 1131:East Antrim 1080:September: 917:September: 834:East Dorset 406:Westminster 358:German Plot 354:Lord French 317:John Dillon 294:East Tyrone 227:by-election 162:Percentage 2267:Categories 2159:November: 2118:Canterbury 2086:East Cavan 2081:Bridgwater 2015:February: 2006:Mid Armagh 1982:December: 1971:November: 1925:Chesterton 1910:East Clare 1825:Rossendale 1808:February: 1760:December: 1754:November: 1745:Winchester 1686:Tewkesbury 1659:Harborough 1611:February: 1592:Chesterton 1582:Portsmouth 1553:December: 1539:St Austell 1512:November: 1459:Mid Durham 1442:Mid Antrim 1427:Chesterton 1390:February: 1363:December: 1357:November: 1255:February: 1227:December: 1208:North Cork 1206:November: 1180:Wandsworth 1169:Altrincham 1153:Shrewsbury 1124:February: 1086:November: 1082:Midlothian 1011:Leominster 983:February: 955:December: 934:November: 902:Wellington 845:Barnstaple 829:Cheltenham 792:Horncastle 780:February: 562:References 424:Candidate 396:The result 274:East Clare 249:Background 235:East Cavan 119:Candidate 69:East Cavan 2237:1979–2010 2232:1950–1979 2227:1931–1950 2222:1918–1931 2217:1900–1918 2212:1885–1900 2207:1868–1885 2202:1857–1868 2197:1847–1857 2192:1832–1847 2187:1818–1832 2182:1806–1818 2177:1801–1806 2155:Prestwich 2128:October: 2076:Gravesend 2039:Tullamore 2011:Prestwich 2004:January: 1950:October: 1920:Cambridge 1820:Rotherham 1802:January: 1756:West Cork 1733:October: 1729:Mansfield 1670:Wimbledon 1638:Droitwich 1607:Rotherham 1570:January: 1555:Cleveland 1534:St Helens 1501:October: 1447:Maidstone 1370:Tullamore 1288:East Fife 1262:Cork City 1249:January: 1190:Leicester 1164:Newmarket 1113:January: 1049:Holmfirth 977:January: 923:October: 913:Middleton 892:East Cork 813:Brentford 703:The Times 688:9 January 665:The Times 640:The Times 628:The Times 615:The Times 535:Sinn Féin 498:Majority 444:Sinn Féin 389:The Times 255:Sinn Féin 209:Sinn Féin 138:Sinn Féin 55:Dec. 1918 45:Dec. 1910 2116:August: 2070:Wansbeck 2049:Keighley 1962:Spalding 1934:August: 1841:Stockton 1835:Tamworth 1723:Abingdon 1706:August: 1649:Hertford 1602:Mile End 1549:Tiverton 1529:Kingston 1519:Uxbridge 1486:Keighley 1335:August: 1310:Brighton 1223:Keighley 1200:August: 1069:August: 1055:Ilkeston 1001:Hereford 930:Keighley 911:August: 856:Brighton 797:Westbury 2124:Banbury 2107:Fareham 2091:Clapham 2032:April: 2021:March: 1984:Wisbech 1946:Norwich 1850:April: 1839:March: 1762:Hornsey 1668:April: 1642:March: 1633:Chester 1524:Cardiff 1514:Heywood 1508:Appleby 1471:Preston 1457:April: 1451:March: 1407:Shipley 1392:Norwich 1304:Ipswich 1281:April: 1257:Wycombe 1218:Reading 1151:April: 1140:March: 1136:Chorley 1088:Taunton 1020:April: 994:March: 951:Hitchin 822:April: 806:March: 761:» 755:to the 743:« 515:Turnout 241:of the 98:  87:  75:Turnout 2161:Wilton 2095:July: 2074:June: 2060:Exeter 1930:Dundee 1900:Fulham 1893:July: 1884:Henley 1879:Epping 1877:June: 1862:Ealing 1846:Oxford 1708:Bodmin 1700:July: 1696:Widnes 1680:Ossory 1628:Bolton 1490:July: 1469:June: 1348:Bolton 1319:July: 1308:June: 1272:Poplar 1194:July: 1173:June: 1147:Kendal 1093:Bolton 1060:Hanley 1053:July: 1042:June: 941:Oldham 860:July: 849:June: 818:Bootle 767:» 749:« 519:8,821 501:1,214 485:2,581 457:3,785 427:Votes 421:Party 170:40.5% 157:2,581 134:Party 2053:May: 1866:May: 1782:Derby 1684:May: 1492:Arfon 1463:May: 1292:May: 1185:Dover 1162:May: 1065:Crewe 1044:Hythe 1031:May: 1016:Epsom 962:Govan 897:Luton 838:May: 782:Arfon 547:Swing 540:from 522:72.3 504:19.0 488:40.5 462:59.5 166:59.5% 153:3,785 78:72.3% 2135:Bath 2055:Ross 1998:1918 1796:1917 1664:Hyde 1564:1916 1384:1915 1243:1914 1175:Leix 1107:1913 971:1912 774:1911 690:2019 538:gain 292:and 276:and 221:The 552:N/A 526:N/A 508:N/A 492:N/A 468:New 233:of 111:IPP 2269:: 681:. 570:^ 434:±% 430:% 368:. 288:, 272:, 268:, 245:. 735:e 728:t 721:v 692:.

Index

Dec. 1910
Dec. 1918
East Cavan

Arthur Griffith
Sinn Féin
Irish Parliamentary
Samuel Young
Irish Parliamentary
Arthur Griffith
Sinn Féin
by-election
constituency
East Cavan
Samuel Young
Irish Parliamentary Party
Sinn Féin
Arthur Griffith
North Roscommon
South Longford
East Clare
Kilkenny City
Irish Parliamentary Party
South Armagh
Waterford City
East Tyrone
Irish Convention
Western Front
David Lloyd George
extension of conscription to Ireland

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