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Fifty-eight cardinals were present on 9 October when the conclave began. Since
Charles II was dying at this time, Spain's cardinal electors were unsure of how they should vote, and they did not work closely with electors that were loyal to the Holy Roman Emperor. From the beginning, it was clear that
236:
The French were initially opposed to Albani's election, but they quickly dropped their opposition to him. He was elected unanimously on 23 November 1700. He was unsure whether he should accept the papacy due to the fact that he had nephews who he suspected would be angry if he followed the bull on
244:, but he did not receive ordination to the priesthood until shortly before the conclave began. Albani was not a bishop, and had to receive episcopal consecration after his election before he could be crowned pope. Albani had been elected on the feast day of
189:
who were counted as part of this faction. The other two main factions were those loyal to the Holy Roman
Emperor, who originally had only two cardinals, but eventually increased to four, and the French, who had five cardinals in their camp.
228:
The conclave remained deadlocked until the electors were informed of
Charles II's death in November. The electors present understood that with Charles' death, the next pope would need to be politically impartial, so a member of the
161:
Innocent XII's age and health had been a topic of conversation among
European courts and cardinals, and when he became sick in November 1699 speculation as to the next conclave became more ernest. Despite this, France was the only
166:
to have a clear policy regarding the next papal conclave. Both Spain and the Holy Roman Empire were bogged down in extensive conversations in their capitals that caused a delay in their ambassadors receiving orders.
176:
the impending death of
Charles II was likely to cause a lengthy conclave, because the next pope would be expected to respond to the anticipated political crisis in Spain following Charles' imminent death.
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135:. He reached a compromise with the French king by agreeing to the confirmation of all bishops that Louis had created since 1682 in return for the king's promise not to make them abide by the
220:
for lacking governing experience in addition to not being firm or having the energy required. Following the proposal of these candidates, others came up as well, but were quickly rejected.
200:, was the first serious candidate proposed two weeks in to the conclave. He was acceptable to the Spanish, but was opposed by the French because they wanted a new pope who was not strong.
248:, and took the name of Clement XI to honour the saint. At fifty-one, Albani was younger than any other pope who had been elected in almost two centuries. Albani was the candidate of the
511:
154:, due to the close kinship between Louis and Charles. Philip succeeding to the Spanish throne was seen as a threat to the balance of power by other European nations, leading to the
1117:
237:
nepotism. He was eventually convinced to accept the papacy by theologians who told him that not accepting a unanimous election would not be following the Holy Spirit.
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123:. The cardinal electors anticipated that his death without a clear heir would cause a political crisis, and moved to elect a pope that was seen as non-partisan.
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was preferred. Giovanni Albani, who had drafted the bull outlawing nepotism, soon became the leading candidate for the papacy.
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was dying at this time and had no children. At
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History of the Church: The church in the age of absolutism and enlightenment
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upon
Charles' death, which took place six weeks after Innocent's own.
119:. It remained deadlocked for a month until the death of the childless
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During his pontificate
Innocent XII worked to improve relations with
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in this conclave, and his election represented a success for them.
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De aliquis mutationibus in normis de electione Romani
Pontificis
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442:. Vol. XXXIV. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd.
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was acceptable to the secular rulers, but was opposed by the
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to nominees who were independent of the secular authorities.
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105:. It ended in the election of Cardinal Giovanni Albani as
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109:. The conclave saw a rise in the dominance of the
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447:Jedin, Hubert; Dolan, John Patrick, eds. (1981).
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1501:Ingravescentem aetatem
423:. Palgrave Macmillan.
224:Election of Clement XI
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1090:October–December 1590
26:October–November 1700
399:Jedin and Dolan 1981
187:College of Cardinals
117:College of Cardinals
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419:Behind Locked Doors
194:Galeazzo Marescotti
152:Louis XIV of France
144:Charles II of Spain
133:Louis XIV of France
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99:1700 papal conclave
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551:Elections and
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460:9780824500108
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453:. Crossroad.
452:
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432:
430:0-312-29463-8
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389:, p. 53.
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142:The Habsburg
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1615:Vatican City
1603:Christianity
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1407:October 1978
1205:
990:October 1503
764:January 1276
680:October 1187
470:
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370:
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353:, p. 4.
346:
341:, p. 3.
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305:, p. 1.
298:
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98:
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63:Name taken:
57:
52:Elected pope
46:Papal States
18:
1645:Definitions
1591:Catholicism
1491:Cum proxime
1391:August 1978
164:great power
1777:Categories
1696:Quotations
1462:(selected)
1041:April 1555
408:References
127:Background
65:Clement XI
1747:Resources
1730:Textbooks
1460:documents
1458:Governing
1283:1830–1831
1262:1799–1800
1255:1774–1775
1178:1669–1670
1062:1565–1566
1034:1549–1550
1013:1521–1522
841:1314–1316
834:1304–1305
813:1292–1294
806:1287–1288
792:1280–1281
771:July 1276
757:1268–1271
750:1264–1265
553:conclaves
210:benefices
1563:Category
1446:electors
1430:electors
1414:electors
1398:electors
1382:electors
1366:electors
1350:electors
1334:electors
1318:electors
1134:electors
1127:May 1605
1118:electors
1048:May 1555
997:electors
981:electors
171:Conclave
115:faction
1577:Portals
251:zelanti
231:zelanti
218:zelanti
198:zelanti
182:zelanti
112:zelanti
90: →
81:←
1544:(2013)
1534:(2007)
1524:(1996)
1514:(1975)
1504:(1970)
1494:(1922)
1484:(1621)
1474:(1274)
478:
457:
427:
1713:Texts
1662:Media
258:Notes
1764:Data
1679:News
1439:2013
1423:2005
1375:1963
1359:1958
1343:1939
1327:1922
1311:1914
1304:1903
1297:1878
1290:1846
1276:1829
1269:1823
1248:1769
1241:1758
1234:1740
1227:1730
1220:1724
1213:1721
1206:1700
1199:1691
1192:1689
1185:1676
1171:1667
1164:1655
1157:1644
1150:1623
1143:1621
1104:1592
1097:1591
1076:1585
1069:1572
1055:1559
1027:1534
1020:1523
1006:1513
967:1492
960:1484
953:1471
946:1464
939:1458
932:1455
925:1447
918:1431
911:1417
904:1406
897:1404
890:1389
883:1378
876:1370
869:1362
862:1352
855:1342
848:1334
827:1303
820:1294
799:1285
785:1277
743:1261
736:1254
729:1243
722:1241
715:1227
708:1216
701:1198
694:1191
673:1185
666:1181
659:1159
652:1154
645:1153
638:1145
631:1144
624:1143
617:1130
610:1124
603:1119
596:1118
589:1099
582:1088
575:1086
568:1073
561:1061
476:ISBN
455:ISBN
425:ISBN
97:The
88:1721
83:1691
1779::
277:^
139:.
44:,
1631::
1579::
513:e
506:t
499:v
484:.
463:.
433:.
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