376:
search of all possible 56-bit numbers, because as soon as an invalid bit is detected, all subsequent address bits are known to be invalid. The 56-bit address space is searched as a binary tree, allowing up to 75 devices to be found per second. The order in which device addresses are discovered by this enumeration protocol is deterministic and depends only on the device type and serial number. Bit-reversing these 56 bits yields the order of discovery for devices using Maxim's published algorithm (algorithm defined in
Application Note 187). The search algorithm can be implemented in an alternative form, initially searching paths with address bits equal to 1, rather than 0. In this case, inverting the 56 address bits and then reversing them yields the order of discovery.
1485:
31:
20:
403:) chip, and measured with a logic analyzer. A logic high on the 1-Wire output, means the output of the FPGA is in tri-state mode and the 1-Wire device can pull the bus low. A low means the FPGA pulls down the bus. The 1-Wire input is the measured bus signal. On input sample time high, the FPGA samples the input for detecting the device response and receiving bits.
210:- and MagSafe-2-connector–equipped power supplies, displays, and Mac laptops use the 1-Wire protocol to send and receive data to and from the connected Mac laptop, via the middle pin of the connector. Data include power supply model, wattage, and serial number; and laptop commands to send full power, and illuminate the red or green
138:
1-Wire devices can fit in different places in a system. It might be one of many components on a circuit board within a product. It also might be a single component within a device such as a temperature probe. It could be attached to a device being monitored. Some laboratory systems connect to 1-Wire
321:
in the slave device. The multivibrator in the slave reads the data line about 30 μs after the falling edge. The slave's internal timer is an inexpensive analog timer. It has analog tolerances that affect its timing accuracy. Therefore, the pulses are calculated to be within margins. Therefore,
189:
Each 1-Wire chip has a unique identifier code. This feature makes the chips, especially iButtons, suitable electronic keys. Some uses include locks, burglar alarms, computer systems, manufacturer-approved accessories, time clocks and courier and maintenance keys for smart safes. iButtons have been
375:
command, and then an address, "listening" after each bit of an address. If a slave's address matches all the address bits sent so far, it returns a 0. The master uses this simple behavior to search systematically for valid sequences of address bits. The process is much faster than a brute force
264:, connects the pull-up resistor to ground through its output MOSFET. The data wire is high when idle, and so it can also power a limited number of slave devices. Data rates of 16.3 kbit/s can be achieved. There is also an overdrive mode that speeds up the communication by a factor of 10.
370:
protocols, is an algorithm the master uses to read the address of every device on the bus. Since the address includes the device type and a CRC, recovering the roster of addresses also produces a reliable inventory of the devices on the bus. To find the devices, the master broadcasts an
256:. The pull-up resistor pulls the wire up to 3 or 5 volts. The master device and all the slaves each have a single open-drain connection to drive the wire, and a way to sense the state of the wire. Despite the "1-Wire" name, all devices must also have a second conductor for a
185:
iButtons are connected to 1-Wire bus systems by means of sockets with contacts that touch the "lid" and "base" of the canister. Alternatively, the connection can be semi-permanent with a socket into which the iButton clips, but from which it is easily removed.
379:
The location of devices on the bus is sometimes significant. For these situations, a microcontroller can use several pins, or the manufacturer has a 1-Wire device that can switch the bus off or pass it on. Software can therefore explore sequential
362:
There are several standard broadcast commands, as well as commands used to address a particular device. The master can send a selection command, then the address of a particular device. The next command is executed only by the addressed device.
245:. The master initiates activity on the bus, simplifying the avoidance of collisions on the bus. Protocols are built into the master's software to detect collisions. After a collision, the master retries the required communication.
332:
pulse to start each bit. If the transmitting slave unit wants to send a "1", it does nothing, and the bus goes to the pulled-up voltage. If the transmitting slave wants to send a "0", it pulls the data line to ground for
306:. This resets every slave device on the bus. After that, any slave device, if present, shows that it exists with a "presence" pulse: it holds the bus low for at least 60 μs after the master releases the bus.
350:
Many devices can share the same bus. Each device on the bus has a 64-bit serial number, of which eight bits are used as a checksum, thus allowing a "universe" of 2 (over 7.2 × 10) unique device identities. The
158:
Systems of sensors and actuators can be built by wiring together many 1-Wire components. Each 1-Wire component contains all of the logic needed to operate on the 1-Wire bus. Examples include
408:
182:
interfaces are popular solutions for connecting a MicroLan to the host PC. 1-Wire devices can also be interfaced directly to microcontrollers from various vendors.
131:-style package (as typically used for transistors), and a portable form called an iButton or Dallas key which is a small stainless-steel package that resembles a
104:
One distinctive feature of the bus is the possibility of using only two conductors — data and ground. To accomplish this, 1-Wire devices integrate a small
501:
1646:
1519:
317:) low pulse. To send a binary number "0", the master sends a 60 μs low pulse. The falling (negative) edge of the pulse is used to start a
568:
606:
260:
connection to permit a return current to flow through the data wire. Communication occurs when a master or slave briefly pulls the bus low,
467:
2029:
1480:
Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.
268:
565:"1-Wire online tutorial. This tutorial will give you an overview of the 1-Wire protocol, its device operation and application solutions"
925:
1453:
291:, telephone cables, have been tested by the manufacturer. These extreme lengths require adjustments to the pull-up resistances from
1082:
340:
The basic sequence is a reset pulse followed by an eight-bit command, and then data are sent or received in groups of eight bits.
945:
283:"bridge" chips are also available. Bridge chips are particularly useful to drive cables longer than 100 m. Up to 300-meter
2014:
1807:
1547:
752:
1133:
804:
225:
about power, current and voltage ratings. The laptop will then refuse charging if the adapter does not meet requirements.
839:
1641:
1512:
1186:
1025:
955:
1619:
1015:
639:
2051:
1932:
1837:
1614:
1113:
135:. Manufacturers also produce devices more complex than a single component that use the 1-Wire bus to communicate.
491:
1827:
905:
418:
When developing and/or troubleshooting the 1-Wire bus, examination of hardware signals can be very important.
1599:
1505:
1457:
1108:
1077:
666:
543:
441:
396:
730:
1877:
1867:
1528:
1055:
710:
195:
2081:
1552:
1381:
1320:
1175:
522:
426:
are tools that collect, analyze, decode, and store signals to simplify viewing the high-speed waveforms.
77:, but with lower data rates and longer range. It is typically used to communicate with small inexpensive
2086:
1759:
1557:
980:
745:
1350:
1832:
1741:
1035:
234:
86:
715:
1812:
1764:
564:
352:
318:
444:, a technique for electric power transmission with only "1 wire" without a ground return wire path
356:
2044:
1962:
1902:
1872:
1488:
1463:
1355:
1010:
613:
344:
1629:
1045:
676:
589:
322:
the "0" pulses have to be 60 μs long, and the "1" pulses can't be longer than 15 μs.
681:
2128:
2076:
1634:
1309:
1262:
1118:
890:
738:
2102:
1305:
1158:
1040:
695:
257:
211:
191:
78:
67:
55:
48:
24:
8:
1774:
1624:
1217:
772:
63:
42:
115:) to store charge, which powers the device during periods when the data line is active.
1604:
1589:
761:
720:
343:
When a sequence of data is being transferred, errors can be detected with an eight-bit
267:
A short 1-Wire bus can be driven from a single digital I/O pin on a microcontroller. A
124:
59:
690:
148:
1656:
1207:
829:
765:
238:
221:
laptop power supplies use the 1-Wire protocol to send data via the third wire to the
152:
140:
1975:
1970:
1797:
1711:
940:
383:
355:
of the serial number is an eight-bit number that tells the type of the device. The
253:
144:
2096:
1754:
1070:
920:
900:
775:
242:
51:
1371:
1065:
990:
915:
819:
794:
496:
419:
276:
272:
2122:
1584:
1443:
1330:
1222:
1170:
1153:
935:
834:
824:
799:
760:
724:
310:
179:
1882:
1671:
1651:
1542:
1180:
1123:
975:
880:
447:
423:
284:
2006:
1920:
1915:
1609:
1448:
1427:
1345:
1190:
1128:
1103:
1030:
814:
809:
705:
372:
367:
303:
159:
132:
82:
45:
1267:
85:
and weather instruments. A network of 1-Wire devices with an associated
1731:
1716:
1579:
1497:
1301:
1000:
789:
249:
2071:
2066:
2039:
2034:
2019:
1985:
1980:
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1937:
1910:
1857:
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105:
671:
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207:
163:
93:. The protocol is also used in small electronic keys known as a
2107:
1995:
1990:
1947:
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222:
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167:
1386:
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672:
Accessing, Reading, and
Writing to 1-Wire devices using a UART
468:"Reading and Writing 1-Wire Devices Through Serial Interfaces"
2061:
1817:
1802:
1396:
1287:
1227:
1165:
1138:
1020:
970:
895:
685:
302:
pulse, which pulls the wire to 0 volts for at least 480
128:
112:
706:
Guides to working with 1-Wire, for programmers and engineers
399:, which was the master for the communication with a DS2432 (
30:
1927:
1862:
1691:
1391:
1376:
1237:
1148:
1143:
985:
218:
19:
696:
Choosing the Right 1-Wire Master for
Embedded Applications
1842:
1340:
965:
960:
523:""Teardown and exploration of Apple's Magsafe connector""
280:
171:
74:
601:
599:
170:. These can be connected to a PC using a bus converter.
700:
390:
596:
123:
1-Wire devices are available in different packages:
711:Getting 1-Wire sensors working in Linux using OWFS
359:is a standard (for the 1-Wire bus) eight-bit CRC.
23:An iButton in a plastic fob, as used for Istanbul
691:Guidelines for Reliable Long Line 1-Wire Networks
2120:
640:"1 Wire Search Algorithm (Application Note 187)"
366:The 1-Wire bus enumeration protocol, like other
1083:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
590:"Using a UART to Implement a 1-Wire Bus Master"
721:Guide to writing software for 1-Wire/ MicroLan
1513:
746:
677:Using a UART to Implement a 1-Wire Bus Master
155:, commonly used for telephones) are popular.
544:"Hacking Dell Laptop Charger Identification"
492:"Overview of 1-Wire Technology and Its Use"
395:The following signals were generated by an
269:universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter
166:and current sensors, battery monitors, and
58:that provides low-speed (16.3 kbit/s)
1520:
1506:
753:
739:
438:, a single data wire communications scheme
271:(UART) can also be used. Specific 1-Wire
228:
1527:
701:OWFS — 1-Wire file system for Linux
325:When receiving data, the master sends a
313:"1", the bus master sends a very brief (
298:The master starts a transmission with a
29:
18:
2121:
1501:
734:
233:In any MicroLan, there is always one
413:
34:A Java ring with an embedded iButton
391:Example communication with a device
13:
237:in overall charge, which may be a
14:
2140:
660:
201:
2052:Factory Instrumentation Protocol
1933:Factory Instrumentation Protocol
1615:Factory Instrumentation Protocol
1484:
1483:
406:
118:
73:1-Wire is similar in concept to
16:Device communications bus system
571:from the original on 2009-05-02
504:from the original on 2023-06-27
632:
582:
557:
536:
515:
484:
460:
1:
1078:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect
453:
442:Single-wire transmission line
248:A 1-Wire network is a single
1056:Intel QuickPath Interconnect
1046:Direct Media Interface (DMI)
196:public transport in Istanbul
7:
2082:Unified Diagnostic Services
1553:CC-Link Industrial Networks
429:
10:
2145:
1600:Ethernet Global Data (EGD)
1041:Compute Express Link (CXL)
139:devices using cables with
2004:
1961:
1901:
1773:
1742:Industrial control system
1740:
1535:
1477:
1436:
1415:
1364:
1278:IEEE-1284 (parallel port)
1200:
1193:logical device interface)
1096:
848:
782:
347:(weak data protection).
319:monostable multivibrator
147:cable. In such systems,
1963:Automatic meter reading
1903:Power-system automation
716:1-wire Arduino tutorial
840:List of bus bandwidths
353:least significant byte
229:Communication protocol
35:
27:
2077:Keyword Protocol 2000
357:most significant byte
279:chips are available.
212:light-emitting diodes
33:
22:
1529:Automation protocols
1283:IEEE-1394 (FireWire)
1021:PCI Extended (PCI-X)
727:, "the free Delphi".
281:Universal Serial Bus
56:Dallas Semiconductor
1775:Building automation
1625:FOUNDATION fieldbus
1124:Parallel ATA (PATA)
629:081218 maxim-ic.com
252:wire with a single
192:Akbil smart tickets
125:integrated circuits
89:device is called a
1605:Ethernet Powerlink
1536:Process automation
1031:PCI Express (PCIe)
619:on 27 January 2009
607:"iButton Overview"
214:in the connector.
141:modular connectors
60:data communication
36:
28:
25:Akbil smart ticket
2116:
2115:
1495:
1494:
1481:
1208:Apple Desktop Bus
1185:PCI Express (via
1144:Serial ATA (SATA)
830:Network on a chip
414:Development tools
239:personal computer
162:loggers, timers,
2136:
1712:SERCOS interface
1522:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1487:
1486:
1479:
941:HP Precision Bus
755:
748:
741:
732:
731:
654:
653:
651:
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626:
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612:. Archived from
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472:Maxim Integrated
464:
410:
336:
331:
328:
316:
294:
254:pull-up resistor
111:
81:such as digital
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2139:
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1957:
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1482:
1473:
1432:
1411:
1360:
1273:IEEE-488 (GPIB)
1196:
1092:
1071:Infinity Fabric
901:Europe Card Bus
844:
778:
759:
663:
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420:Logic analyzers
416:
393:
334:
329:
326:
314:
292:
243:microcontroller
231:
223:laptop computer
204:
121:
109:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2142:
2132:
2131:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
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2079:
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2069:
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2042:
2037:
2032:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2002:
2001:
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1993:
1988:
1983:
1981:DLMS/IEC 62056
1978:
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1419:
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1413:
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1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1382:Intel HD Audio
1379:
1374:
1372:ADAT Lightpipe
1368:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
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1328:
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1111:
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1100:
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1066:HyperTransport
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820:Bus contention
817:
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797:
795:Front-side bus
792:
786:
784:
780:
779:
776:computer buses
758:
757:
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743:
735:
729:
728:
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713:
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698:
693:
688:
679:
674:
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661:External links
659:
656:
655:
631:
595:
581:
556:
546:. hackaday.com
535:
514:
497:Analog Devices
483:
458:
457:
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452:
451:
450:
445:
439:
431:
428:
415:
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392:
389:
230:
227:
203:
202:Power supplies
200:
151:(6P2C or 6P4C
120:
117:
66:over a single
64:supply voltage
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2141:
2130:
2127:
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2109:
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2033:
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2023:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2005:Automobile /
2003:
1997:
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1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1652:Honeywell SDS
1650:
1648:
1647:HART Protocol
1645:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1490:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1444:Multidrop bus
1442:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1351:External PCIe
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:Parallel SCSI
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:Commodore bus
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:Fibre Channel
1169:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
851:
847:
841:
838:
836:
835:Plug and play
833:
831:
828:
826:
825:Bus mastering
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
800:Back-side bus
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
785:
781:
777:
774:
770:
768:
763:
756:
751:
749:
744:
742:
737:
736:
733:
726:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
667:1-Wire Device
665:
664:
641:
635:
615:
608:
602:
600:
591:
585:
570:
566:
560:
545:
539:
525:. rightTo.com
524:
518:
503:
499:
498:
493:
487:
473:
469:
463:
459:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
433:
427:
425:
424:bus analyzers
421:
411:
409:
404:
402:
398:
388:
386:
385:
377:
374:
369:
364:
360:
358:
354:
348:
346:
341:
338:
323:
320:
312:
311:binary number
307:
305:
301:
296:
290:
286:
285:twisted pairs
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
240:
236:
226:
224:
220:
215:
213:
209:
199:
197:
193:
187:
183:
181:
180:parallel port
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
156:
154:
153:modular plugs
150:
146:
142:
136:
134:
133:watch battery
130:
126:
119:Usage example
116:
114:
107:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
50:
47:
44:
40:
32:
26:
21:
2129:Serial buses
1782:
1672:MECHATROLINK
1292:
976:TURBOchannel
766:
646:. Retrieved
634:
621:. Retrieved
614:the original
584:
573:. Retrieved
559:
548:. Retrieved
538:
527:. Retrieved
517:
506:. Retrieved
495:
486:
475:. Retrieved
471:
462:
448:Touch memory
417:
405:
394:
381:
378:
365:
361:
349:
342:
339:
324:
308:
299:
297:
288:
266:
261:
247:
232:
216:
205:
188:
184:
178:serial, and
157:
137:
122:
103:
98:
94:
90:
83:thermometers
72:
54:designed by
38:
37:
2099:(SAE J2716)
1971:ANSI C12.18
1921:IEC 60870-6
1916:IEC 60870-5
1610:EtherNet/IP
1449:CoreConnect
1428:ExpressCard
1356:Thunderbolt
1346:Camera Link
1129:Bus and Tag
815:Address bus
810:Control bus
805:Daisy chain
686:iButtonLink
623:18 December
373:enumeration
368:singulation
160:temperature
46:half-duplex
1732:TTEthernet
1717:SERCOS III
1580:ControlNet
1302:ACCESS.bus
1201:Peripheral
1001:InfiniBand
996:HP GSC bus
790:System bus
575:2009-03-13
550:2015-11-30
529:2017-07-18
508:2023-07-21
477:2022-12-21
454:References
309:To send a
250:open drain
95:Dallas key
2040:NMEA 2000
2035:SAE J1939
2030:ARINC 825
2020:ARINC 429
1976:IEC 61107
1943:IEC 62351
1938:IEC 61850
1911:IEC 60870
1858:OpenTherm
1750:MTConnect
1677:MelsecNet
1590:DirectNET
1573:DeviceNet
1263:Lightning
1213:Atari SIO
1088:SpaceWire
921:Zorro III
861:S-100 bus
856:SS-50 bus
849:Standards
769:standards
762:Technical
648:2 October
293:5 to 1 kΩ
106:capacitor
68:conductor
2123:Category
1953:PROFIBUS
1722:Sinec H1
1707:RAPIEnet
1702:PROFINET
1697:PROFIBUS
1662:INTERBUS
1657:HostLink
1595:EtherCAT
1489:Category
1464:Wishbone
1437:Embedded
1416:Portable
1336:Profibus
1268:DMX512-A
1154:Parallel
1006:Ethernet
916:Zorro II
866:Multibus
767:de facto
569:Archived
502:Archived
430:See also
217:Genuine
194:for the
190:used as
91:MicroLAN
2057:FlexRay
2025:CAN bus
2007:Vehicle
1848:LonTalk
1823:EnOcean
1793:BatiBUS
1760:OPC HDA
1727:SynqNet
1687:Optomux
1667:IO-Link
1642:GE SRTP
1568:CANopen
1563:CAN bus
1469:SLIMbus
1423:PC Card
1407:TOSLINK
1097:Storage
1051:RapidIO
931:FASTBUS
886:STD Bus
783:General
725:Lazarus
682:iButton
384:domains
327:1–15 μs
315:1–15 μs
208:MagSafe
164:voltage
99:iButton
79:devices
2108:Cyphal
1996:Zigbee
1991:Modbus
1948:Modbus
1893:Zigbee
1888:Z-Wave
1853:Modbus
1788:BACnet
1783:1-Wire
1765:OPC UA
1755:OPC DA
1682:Modbus
1402:S/PDIF
1293:1-Wire
1258:RS-485
1253:RS-423
1248:RS-422
1243:RS-232
1104:ST-506
1061:NVLink
911:STEbus
871:Unibus
723:using
436:SDI-12
401:EEPROM
330:0 volt
277:bridge
273:driver
258:ground
235:master
206:Apple
176:RS-232
168:memory
110:
87:master
49:serial
39:1-Wire
2072:J1708
2067:J1587
2062:IEBus
1986:M-Bus
1818:DyNet
1803:CEBus
1798:C-Bus
1397:McASP
1365:Audio
1310:SMBus
1306:PMBus
1288:UNI/O
1228:HP-IL
1181:SATAe
1166:ESCON
1139:HIPPI
971:NuBus
926:CAMAC
896:Q-Bus
891:SMBus
876:VAXBI
773:wired
643:(PDF)
617:(PDF)
610:(PDF)
335:60 μs
300:reset
241:or a
145:CAT-5
129:TO-92
108:(~800
43:wired
41:is a
2097:SENT
2092:MOST
2015:AFDX
1928:DNP3
1868:VSCP
1863:oBIX
1808:DALI
1692:PieP
1620:FINS
1585:DF-1
1548:BSAP
1543:AS-i
1454:AMBA
1392:MADI
1377:AES3
1238:MIDI
1191:NVMe
1187:AHCI
1149:SCSI
1134:DSSI
1109:ESDI
986:SBus
946:EISA
881:MBus
771:for
764:and
650:2020
625:2008
422:and
397:FPGA
382:bus
289:i.e.
275:and
262:i.e.
219:Dell
149:RJ11
127:, a
62:and
2103:VAN
2087:LIN
2045:FMS
1883:xPL
1878:xAP
1873:X10
1843:KNX
1838:FIP
1833:EIB
1828:EHS
1813:DSI
1635:HSE
1558:CIP
1458:AXI
1387:I²S
1341:USB
1326:D²B
1321:SPI
1316:I3C
1298:I²C
1233:HIL
1218:DCB
1189:or
1176:SSA
1159:SAS
1119:SMD
1114:IPI
1036:AGP
1026:PXI
1016:PCI
1011:UPA
991:VLB
981:MCA
966:VPX
961:VXS
956:VXI
951:VME
936:LPC
906:ISA
345:CRC
172:USB
143:or
97:or
52:bus
2125::
1630:H1
1308:,
1304:,
684:,
598:^
567:.
500:.
494:.
470:.
387:.
337:.
304:μs
295:.
287:,
198:.
174:,
113:pF
101:.
75:IC
70:.
1521:e
1514:t
1507:v
1460:)
1456:(
1312:)
1300:(
754:e
747:t
740:v
652:.
627:.
592:.
578:.
553:.
532:.
511:.
480:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
