432:
220:
301:
381:
1569:
1218:
709:
231:
27:
80:
87:
431:
1491:
1416:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1411:
1406:
459:
1557:
117:
1184:
1535:
184:
112:
1514:
560:
1550:
746:
1288:
1283:
1206:
1278:
1684:
445:
274:
249:
1543:
1524:
1323:
677:
1519:
1496:
1273:
1263:
1214:
659:
655:
645:
640:
1565:
1689:
617:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1597:
1592:
1388:
1383:
1328:
603:
598:
510:
51:
41:
719:
1674:
804:
406:
1573:
1370:
739:
1199:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1133:
574:
466:
349:
397:
1679:
1293:
1230:
830:
800:
732:
690:
631:
1398:
1192:
565:
540:
486:
359:
826:
388:
279:
1268:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
845:
796:
667:
473:
439:
320:
269:
240:
841:
682:
792:
354:
292:
264:
1222:
768:
526:
519:
423:
308:
174:
156:
497:
344:
332:
695:
672:
313:
8:
817:
was also supported by an alliance of six parties under the name
Ganatantrik Oikkya Jote (
450:
1129:
713:
478:
254:
895:
814:
764:
259:
102:
300:
219:
772:
380:
372:
337:
325:
167:
1668:
1121:
491:
877:
837:
822:
788:
776:
180:
163:
97:
1159:
1568:
1217:
760:
230:
79:
533:
86:
840:
boycotted the elections, including the
Democratic League, the
829:, the Gano Adaji League, the Jatiya Janata Party, the
771:, as the president had previously been elected by the
779:, who received 76.6% of the vote. Turnout was 54.3%.
1666:
151:
1124:, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001)
1551:
1200:
795:, the Bangladesh Scheduled Caste Federation,
740:
1126:Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I
787:Prior to the elections six parties backing
1558:
1544:
1207:
1193:
747:
733:
1160:1978 presidential election in Bangla Desh
844:, Jatiya Dal, the Jatiya League and the
1223:Elections and referendums in Bangladesh
1164:The Indian Journal of Political Science
202:This article is part of a series on the
1667:
19:1978 Bangladeshi presidential election
1539:
1188:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1086:
1075:
1064:
1053:
860:
1685:Presidential elections in Bangladesh
1574:Presidential elections in Bangladesh
763:on 3 June 1978. They were the first
759:Presidential elections were held in
791:– the Bangladesh Labour Party, the
13:
1147:
430:
379:
299:
218:
14:
1701:
821:). The alliance consisted of the
807:– formed the Jatiyatabadi Front (
1567:
1216:
707:
229:
85:
78:
25:
1166:, volume 40, number 1, pp97–110
831:National Awami Party (Muzaffar)
801:National Awami Party (Bhashani)
775:. The result was a victory for
1690:June 1978 events in Bangladesh
1169:
1138:
1115:
1:
1108:
1675:1978 elections in Bangladesh
811:) to support his candidacy.
797:Jatiyatabadi Ganatantrik Dal
561:Parliamentary constituencies
7:
782:
641:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
10:
1706:
851:
836:A group of parties led by
819:United Democratic Alliance
1606:
1580:
1507:
1397:
1369:
1229:
1097:
1087:Registered voters/turnout
1049:
1038:
869:
866:
863:
842:Islamic Democratic League
833:and the People's League.
149:
70:
62:
35:
23:
1158:M. A. Singammal (1979) "
980:Islamic Democratic Group
793:Bangladesh Muslim League
512:Administrative divisions
407:Leader of the Opposition
1176:Asian Affairs, Volume 8
900:Ganatantrik Oikkya Jote
118:Ganatantrik Oikkya Jote
1680:1978 elections in Asia
1371:Presidential elections
932:Jatiya Janomukti Union
656:Diplomatic missions of
498:Bangladesh Bar Council
435:
384:
304:
223:
211:Politics of Bangladesh
805:United Peoples' Party
714:Bangladesh portal
434:
383:
303:
222:
846:Krishak Sramik Party
696:Bangladeshi diaspora
314:Mohammed Shahabuddin
1144:Nohlen et al., p544
1065:Invalid/blank votes
857:
566:Election commission
467:Metropolitan courts
451:High Court Division
398:Leader of the House
20:
1009:Abu Bakar Siddique
882:Jatiyatabadi Front
856:
633:Foreign relations
446:Appellate Division
436:
385:
305:
224:
185:Jatiyatabadi Front
124:Popular vote
113:Jatiyatabadi Front
18:
1662:
1661:
1533:
1532:
1231:General elections
1106:
1105:
1028:Jatiya Gano Mukti
996:Jatiya Dal (Huda)
913:Khabiruddin Ahmed
809:Nationalist Front
757:
756:
691:Foreign relations
678:Visa requirements
618:Political parties
479:Syed Refaat Ahmed
360:Local governments
255:Law of Bangladesh
212:
195:
194:
191:
190:
145:
144:
58:
57:
1697:
1572:
1571:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1537:
1536:
1221:
1220:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1156:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1119:
858:
855:
765:direct elections
749:
742:
735:
712:
711:
710:
634:
555:
513:
487:Attorney General
426:
375:
295:
243:
233:
213:
210:
203:
197:
196:
152:
89:
82:
72:
71:
37:
36:
30:
29:
28:
21:
17:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1602:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1534:
1529:
1503:
1399:Local elections
1393:
1365:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1183:
1182:
1174:
1170:
1157:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1102:, Asian Affairs
1098:Source: Nohlen
896:M. A. G. Osmani
854:
827:Communist Party
815:M. A. G. Osmani
785:
753:
724:
720:Other countries
708:
706:
701:
700:
687:
668:Nationality law
664:
652:
636:
632:
624:
623:
613:
589:
556:
553:
546:
545:
515:
511:
503:
502:
460:District courts
428:
424:
416:
415:
377:
373:
365:
364:
341:
338:Yunus (interim)
329:
317:
297:
293:
285:
284:
280:Judicial review
260:Bangladesh Code
245:
241:
209:
201:
183:
178:
166:
161:
159:before election
150:
103:M. A. G. Osmani
31:
26:
24:
12:
11:
5:
1703:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1180:
1168:
1146:
1137:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
907:
904:
901:
898:
893:
890:
889:
886:
883:
880:
875:
872:
871:
868:
865:
862:
853:
850:
784:
781:
773:Jatiya Sangsad
755:
754:
752:
751:
744:
737:
729:
726:
725:
723:
722:
716:
703:
702:
699:
698:
693:
686:
685:
680:
675:
670:
663:
662:
651:
650:
649:
648:
637:
630:
629:
626:
625:
622:
621:
614:
612:
611:
606:
601:
597:Presidential:
594:
591:
590:
588:
587:
582:
577:
570:
568:
563:
557:
552:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
541:Local Councils
537:
536:
530:
529:
523:
522:
516:
509:
508:
505:
504:
501:
500:
495:
483:
482:
470:
469:
463:
462:
456:
455:
454:
453:
448:
429:
422:
421:
418:
417:
414:
413:
404:
395:
378:
371:
370:
367:
366:
363:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
330:
326:Muhammad Yunus
318:
298:
291:
290:
287:
286:
283:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
246:
239:
238:
235:
234:
226:
225:
215:
214:
206:
205:
193:
192:
189:
188:
171:
168:Military Junta
147:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
132:
131:
128:
125:
121:
120:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
95:
91:
90:
83:
76:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
56:
55:
49:
44:
33:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1702:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1177:
1172:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1141:
1135:
1134:0-19-924958-X
1131:
1127:
1123:
1122:Dieter Nohlen
1118:
1114:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
990:
989:
985:
982:
979:
976:
974:
973:
969:
966:
963:
961:Golam Morshed
960:
958:
957:
953:
950:
947:
944:
942:
941:
937:
934:
931:
928:
926:
925:
921:
918:
915:
912:
910:
909:
905:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
891:
887:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
873:
859:
849:
847:
843:
839:
834:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
750:
745:
743:
738:
736:
731:
730:
728:
727:
721:
718:
717:
715:
705:
704:
697:
694:
692:
689:
688:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
665:
661:
660:in Bangladesh
657:
654:
653:
647:
644:
643:
642:
639:
638:
635:
628:
627:
620:
619:
615:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
596:
595:
593:
592:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
572:
571:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
550:
549:
542:
539:
538:
535:
532:
531:
528:
525:
524:
521:
518:
517:
514:
507:
506:
499:
496:
494:
493:
492:AM Amin Uddin
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
475:
474:Chief Justice
472:
471:
468:
465:
464:
461:
458:
457:
452:
449:
447:
444:
443:
441:
440:Supreme Court
438:
437:
433:
427:
420:
419:
412:
408:
405:
403:
399:
396:
394:
390:
387:
386:
382:
376:
369:
368:
361:
358:
356:
355:Civil Service
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
340:
339:
334:
331:
328:
327:
322:
321:Chief Adviser
319:
316:
315:
310:
307:
306:
302:
296:
289:
288:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
244:
237:
236:
232:
228:
227:
221:
217:
216:
208:
207:
204:
199:
198:
187:
186:
182:
177:
176:
172:
170:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
153:
148:
140:
137:
134:
133:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
99:
96:
93:
92:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
73:
69:
65:
61:
54: →
53:
50:
48:
45:
43:
40:←
39:
38:
34:
22:
16:
1587:
1497:
1378:
1359:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1140:
1125:
1117:
1099:
993:Sirajul Huda
945:Azizul Islam
878:Ziaur Rahman
838:Ataur Rahman
835:
823:Awami League
818:
813:
808:
789:Ziaur Rahman
786:
777:Ziaur Rahman
758:
616:
608:
584:
579:
534:Subdistricts
490:
477:
410:
401:
392:
336:
324:
312:
270:Human rights
242:Constitution
200:
181:Ziaur Rahman
179:
173:
164:Ziaur Rahman
162:
155:
98:Ziaur Rahman
46:
15:
1508:Referendums
1076:Total votes
1054:Valid votes
1025:Abdul Hamid
1012:Independent
977:Abdus Samad
964:Independent
948:Independent
929:Abul Basher
916:Independent
683:Visa policy
374:Parliament
135:Percentage
127:15,733,807
47:3 June 1978
1669:Categories
1329:1996 (Jun)
1324:1996 (Feb)
1109:References
1090:38,486,247
1079:20,885,571
1057:20,531,561
1042:20,531,561
885:15,733,807
769:presidency
761:Bangladesh
554:Elections
425:Judiciary
294:Government
275:Article 70
265:Penal Code
250:Amendments
130:4,455,200
94:Candidate
903:4,455,200
861:Candidate
573:General:
527:Districts
520:Divisions
309:President
175:President
157:President
1607:Indirect
803:and the
783:Campaign
767:for the
673:Passport
646:Minister
350:Agencies
345:Taxation
1498:2024–25
1492:2020–21
1417:1983–84
1128:, p525
1068:354,010
852:Results
389:Speaker
333:Cabinet
141:21.70%
138:76.63%
75:
63:Turnout
1581:Direct
1132:
1100:et al.
1082:100.00
1045:100.00
1031:23,968
1015:25,077
999:35,618
983:37,273
967:38,193
951:49,064
935:51,936
919:81,425
825:, the
799:, the
411:Vacant
402:Vacant
393:Vacant
109:Party
66:54.27%
1178:, p37
1093:54.27
1060:98.31
1039:Total
906:21.70
888:76.63
867:Votes
864:Party
1654:2023
1649:2018
1644:2013
1639:2009
1634:2002
1629:2001
1624:1996
1619:1991
1614:1974
1598:1986
1593:1981
1588:1978
1525:1991
1520:1985
1515:1977
1487:2019
1482:2018
1477:2016
1472:2015
1467:2014
1462:2011
1457:2009
1452:2003
1447:2000
1442:1997
1437:1994
1432:1990
1427:1988
1422:1985
1412:1977
1407:1973
1389:1986
1384:1981
1379:1978
1360:Next
1354:2024
1349:2018
1344:2014
1339:2008
1334:2001
1319:1991
1314:1988
1309:1986
1304:1979
1299:1973
1294:1970
1289:1965
1284:1962
1279:1954
1274:1946
1269:1945
1264:1937
1259:1934
1254:1930
1249:1926
1244:1923
1239:1920
1130:ISBN
1071:1.69
1034:0.12
1018:0.12
1002:0.17
986:0.18
970:0.19
954:0.24
938:0.25
922:0.40
609:2028
604:2023
599:2018
575:2024
52:1981
42:1974
1162:",
585:TBD
580:TBD
1671::
1149:^
848:.
658:/
489::
476::
442::
409::
400::
391::
335::
323::
311::
1559:e
1552:t
1545:v
1208:e
1201:t
1194:v
870:%
748:e
741:t
734:v
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