1923:
1933:
1943:
20:
134:, has researched wood warping and was working on a computer software program in 2003 to help manufacturers make changes in the manufacturing process so that wood doesn't arrive at its destination warped after it leaves the mill or factory.
47:
indefinitely) when it takes up moisture unevenly, or when it is allowed to return to its "dry" equilibrium state unevenly, too slowly, or too quickly. Many factors can contribute to wood warp susceptibility: wood species,
119:
millions of dollars per year. Straight wood boards that leave a cutting facility sometimes arrive at the store yard warped. Although wood warping has been studied for years, the warping control model for manufacturing
42:
caused by uneven shrinkage. Warping primarily occurs due to uneven expansion or contraction caused by changes in moisture content. Warping can occur in wood considered "dry" (wood can take up and release
1816:
247:
127:
1806:
203:
298:
179:
1791:
1982:
1936:
1821:
1977:
1796:
1801:
1811:
1521:
539:
1946:
1148:
87:: a warp across the width of the face, in which the edges are higher or lower than the center of the wood
998:
1826:
1745:
964:
291:
1972:
31:
1178:
326:
321:
131:
1903:
984:
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949:
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680:
592:
241:
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1967:
1926:
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1715:
1606:
1100:
780:
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700:
284:
228:
Cai, Zhiyong, Dickens, James R (2004). "Wood composite warping: Modeling and simulation".
8:
1556:
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1908:
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906:
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271:
1566:
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1516:
1486:
1143:
725:
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387:
148:
1898:
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941:
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871:
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39:
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1211:
974:
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362:
158:
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121:
53:
1961:
1847:
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98:
1660:
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1216:
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790:
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1882:
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49:
1705:
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1035:
1025:
959:
931:
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502:
437:
382:
377:
367:
1685:
1665:
1309:
1274:
1010:
886:
813:
755:
720:
715:
612:
531:
442:
407:
402:
180:"Acceptable Moisture Levels in Wood - Knowing the Moisture Content"
97:: a distortion in which the two ends do not lie on the same plane.
44:
1862:
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1750:
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1624:
1478:
1457:
1349:
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582:
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79:
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1581:
1329:
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1030:
926:
896:
836:
710:
635:
597:
550:
417:
335:
35:
19:
276:
227:
204:"WARPED IDEA: WAYS TO STOP SWAYED WOOD MAY BE AROUND THE BEND"
1730:
1639:
1634:
1619:
1040:
831:
824:
795:
775:
745:
730:
690:
675:
665:
650:
645:
625:
602:
577:
497:
1629:
1158:
1095:
1020:
901:
856:
851:
587:
331:
1755:
1246:
1015:
841:
735:
567:
1817:
International
Federation of Building and Wood Workers
107:: a warp in the center that creates a sort of bow
72:: a warp along the length of the edge of the wood
66:: a warp along the length of the face of the wood
1959:
292:
246:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
299:
285:
1807:Building and Wood Workers' International
124:hasn't been updated for about 40 years.
52:orientation, air flow, sunlight, uneven
18:
1960:
177:
280:
1942:
78:: a localized crook, often due to a
1932:
1792:American Association of Woodturners
59:The types of wood warping include:
56:, temperature, and cutting season.
13:
258:
14:
1994:
1822:National Wood Carvers Association
16:Deviation from flatness in timber
1941:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1797:Architectural Woodwork Institute
270:Society of American Foresters –
306:
236:(2). Soc Wood Sc Tech: 174–185.
23:Different types of wood warping
1802:British Woodworking Federation
221:
196:
171:
101:assist in viewing this defect.
1:
1812:Caricature Carvers of America
164:
178:Loffer, Larry (2020-09-30).
7:
137:
10:
1999:
1917:
1891:
1840:
1827:Society of Wood Engravers
1784:
1698:
1648:
1605:
1477:
1470:
1358:
1245:
1187:
1006:
997:
940:
611:
530:
521:
345:
314:
1983:Wood-related terminology
132:Texas A&M University
38:as a result of internal
1978:Deformation (mechanics)
111:Wood warping costs the
1904:Frameless construction
985:Wood-plastic composite
230:Wood and Fiber Science
24:
22:
1832:Timber Framers Guild
686:Australian Blackwood
30:is a deviation from
1552:Hammer-headed tenon
1071:Janka hardness test
413:Japanese carpentry
208:today.agrilife.org
25:
1955:
1954:
1909:Green woodworking
1766:Wood preservation
1694:
1693:
1597:Tongue and groove
1577:Mortise and tenon
1466:
1465:
1164:Warrington hammer
993:
992:
681:African Blackwood
473:Segmented turning
1990:
1945:
1944:
1935:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1475:
1474:
1144:Thickness planer
1004:
1003:
798:(lime, basswood)
528:
527:
388:Chainsaw carving
301:
294:
287:
278:
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252:
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245:
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225:
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200:
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149:Forest pathology
130:, researcher at
1998:
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1991:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1973:Timber industry
1958:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1913:
1899:Frame and panel
1887:
1836:
1780:
1690:
1649:Surface piecing
1644:
1601:
1522:Crown of thorns
1462:
1448:Smoothing plane
1354:
1241:
1183:
1086:Milling machine
989:
950:Cross-laminated
936:
607:
517:
488:Spindle turning
478:Shingle weaving
448:Pallet crafting
341:
310:
305:
261:
259:Further reading
256:
255:
239:
238:
226:
222:
213:
211:
210:. 15 April 2003
202:
201:
197:
188:
186:
176:
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140:
40:residual stress
17:
12:
11:
5:
1996:
1986:
1985:
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1975:
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1912:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1878:Quarter sawing
1875:
1870:
1868:Wood splitting
1865:
1860:
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1837:
1835:
1834:
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1814:
1809:
1804:
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1786:
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1781:
1779:
1778:
1776:Wood finishing
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1736:Paint stripper
1733:
1728:
1723:
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1481:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1443:Shoulder plane
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1418:Moulding plane
1415:
1410:
1408:Japanese plane
1405:
1400:
1398:Grooving plane
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1356:
1355:
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1257:
1251:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:Flooring clamp
1209:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1169:Winding sticks
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1149:Timber-framing
1146:
1141:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
994:
991:
990:
988:
987:
982:
977:
975:Particle board
972:
967:
962:
957:
955:Glue laminated
952:
946:
944:
938:
937:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
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869:
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829:
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793:
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753:
748:
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518:
516:
515:
510:
505:
500:
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493:Timber framing
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
463:Relief carving
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
363:Bush carpentry
360:
355:
349:
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343:
342:
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339:
329:
324:
318:
316:
312:
311:
304:
303:
296:
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281:
275:
274:
268:
266:Warp in Drying
260:
257:
254:
253:
220:
195:
169:
168:
166:
163:
162:
161:
159:Crooked Forest
156:
154:Dancing Forest
151:
146:
139:
136:
122:composite wood
109:
108:
102:
99:Winding sticks
88:
82:
73:
67:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1995:
1984:
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1849:
1848:Chainsaw mill
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1823:
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1818:
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1800:
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1785:Organizations
1783:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:Steam bending
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1711:French polish
1709:
1707:
1704:
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1701:
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1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1582:Rabbet/Rebate
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1567:Mason's mitre
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
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1543:
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1459:
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1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1413:Jointer plane
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1383:Compass plane
1381:
1379:
1378:Chamfer plane
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1368:Bedrock plane
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1348:
1346:
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1341:
1338:
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1333:
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1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:Veneer hammer
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
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1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1066:Impact driver
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
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918:
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913:
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895:
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888:
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883:
882:Red Quebracho
880:
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868:
865:
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358:Bow and arrow
356:
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353:Boat building
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209:
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199:
185:
184:Wagner Meters
181:
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1661:Edge banding
1433:Router plane
1428:Rebate plane
1388:Finger plane
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508:Wood carving
483:Shipbuilding
468:Root carving
428:Log building
393:Chip carving
242:cite journal
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1968:Woodworking
1937:WikiProject
1883:Rift sawing
1873:Flat sawing
1761:Wood drying
1438:Scrub plane
1423:Razee plane
1373:Block plane
1227:Mitre clamp
1174:Wood scribe
1125:Combination
867:Purpleheart
563:Douglas fir
513:Woodturning
346:Occupations
308:Woodworking
272:Warped Wood
128:Zhiyong Cai
1962:Categories
1892:Techniques
1841:Conversion
1771:Wood stain
1699:Treatments
1487:Birdsmouth
1453:Spokeshave
1403:Jack plane
1393:Fore plane
1232:Pipe clamp
1197:Band clamp
1121:Carpenters
942:Engineered
892:Rubberwood
741:Eucalyptus
545:Calocedrus
458:Pyrography
423:Kohlrosing
264:WoodWeb –
214:2018-09-12
189:2024-03-09
165:References
1681:Parquetry
1676:Oystering
1671:Marquetry
1512:Butterfly
1179:Workbench
1111:Sandpaper
1091:Mitre box
1036:Drawknife
1026:Burnisher
1011:Abrasives
960:Hardboard
621:Afromosia
503:Whittling
453:Parquetry
438:Marquetry
383:Certosina
378:Carpentry
368:Cabinetry
315:Overviews
54:finishing
1927:Category
1706:Adhesive
1686:Purfling
1666:Intarsia
1607:Profiles
1532:Dovetail
1471:Geometry
1310:Hand saw
1295:Crosscut
1280:Circular
1275:Chainsaw
1222:Holdfast
887:Rosewood
819:American
814:Mahogany
786:Jelutong
756:Hornbeam
721:Cocobolo
716:Chestnut
631:Andiroba
443:Millwork
408:Intarsia
403:Fretwork
398:Ébéniste
327:Glossary
138:See also
45:moisture
32:flatness
1947:Commons
1863:Whipsaw
1858:Sawmill
1751:Varnish
1746:Thermal
1721:Lacquer
1656:Binding
1625:Chamfer
1492:Biscuit
1458:Surform
1350:Whipsaw
1320:Keyhole
1305:Fretsaw
1285:Compass
1270:Bucksaw
1260:Bandsaw
1255:Backsaw
1237:Sawbuck
1207:F-clamp
1202:C-clamp
1076:Jointer
980:Plywood
932:Zebrano
872:Ovankol
837:Meranti
825:African
796:Linden
751:Hickory
706:Cedrela
701:Camphor
696:Bubinga
691:Boxwood
671:Bilinga
656:Avodire
573:Juniper
558:Cypress
433:Luthier
322:History
115:in the
1853:Hewing
1592:Splice
1547:Halved
1542:Groove
1537:Finger
1517:Coping
1502:Bridle
1479:Joints
1360:Planes
1345:Veneer
1335:Scroll
1330:Ripsaw
1315:Jigsaw
1290:Coping
1189:Clamps
1116:Square
1106:Shaper
1101:Router
1081:Mallet
1056:Gimlet
1031:Chisel
927:Willow
917:Walnut
907:Totara
897:Sapele
862:Poplar
847:Padauk
809:Merbau
781:Jarrah
766:Imbuia
761:Idigbo
726:Cumaru
711:Cherry
636:Anigre
598:Spruce
551:Cedrus
418:Khatam
373:Caning
336:lumber
36:timber
1731:Paint
1640:Ovolo
1635:Ogive
1620:Bevel
1587:Scarf
1572:Miter
1340:Table
1325:Miter
1300:Frame
1217:Gripe
1133:Speed
1129:Miter
1061:Gauge
1051:Float
1046:Fence
1041:Drill
999:Tools
922:Wenge
912:Utile
877:Ramin
832:Maple
804:Lovoa
776:Iroko
746:Hazel
731:Ebony
676:Birch
666:Beech
661:Balsa
651:Aspen
646:Apple
626:Alder
583:Kauri
578:Larch
540:Cedar
523:Woods
498:Treen
91:twist
70:crook
50:grain
1630:Ogee
1615:Bead
1557:Knee
1527:Dado
1507:Butt
1247:Saws
1159:Vise
1096:Rasp
1021:Adze
902:Teak
857:Plum
852:Pear
613:Hard
593:Rimu
588:Pine
532:Soft
332:Wood
248:link
117:U.S.
105:curl
95:wind
80:knot
76:kink
1756:Wax
1726:Oil
1562:Lap
1497:Box
1265:Bow
1137:Try
1016:Axe
970:OSB
965:MDF
842:Oak
771:Ipê
736:Elm
641:Ash
603:Yew
568:Fir
93:or
85:cup
64:bow
34:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
