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1330:—and confined to the House committee room, giving the House the necessary number of members present to establish a quorum. After the amendment passed by a 43-11 vote, Heiskell refused to sign it and resigned in protest. His successor signed it, however, and the amendment was ratified. In transmitting the news to Congress, Brownlow taunted Johnson, stating, "My compliments to the dead dog in the White House." Tennessee was readmitted to the Union shortly afterward, and was represented in Congress again by 1866; Tennessee was the only former Confederate state that bypassed
1115:, the elder who Brownlow earlier in that year referred to as "the vain old historian of Tennessee") arrested and jailed Brownlow on charges of treason. While jailed, Brownlow witnessed the trials and last moments of many of the condemned bridge-burners, which he recorded in a diary. He sent a letter to Benjamin protesting his incarceration, writing, "which is your highest authority, the Secretary of War, a Major General, or a dirty little drunken attorney such as J.C. Ramsey is!" After Benjamin threatened to pardon Brownlow, he was released in late December 1861.
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leave the
Confederacy. The military governor, Andrew Johnson, had enacted a series of measures that essentially prevented ex-Confederates from voting, and on March 4, Brownlow was elected by a 23,352 to 35 vote, and the amendments passed by a similarly lopsided margin. The vote met President Lincoln's "1/10th test," which recognized elections in Southern states if the total vote was at least one-tenth the total vote in the 1860 presidential election.
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causes was to chastise and ridicule his opponents, and few men could do so with as much venomous wit as he. Baptists, Presbyterians, Catholics, Mormons, Democrats, Republicans, secessionists, drunks, immigrants, and abolitionists—all were at one time or another on the receiving end of
Brownlow's merciless broadsides. Not surprisingly, he made many enemies. A number of them replied in kind; some tried to kill him.
1518:"The leading men in the South still look upon the separation of the south from the Union as a hopeful probability. The devil is in them, and they will get up another rebellion if they see any chance of success. They exalt in private over the reduction of the regular army, which Congress foolishly cut down to 30,000 men, and they boast of having enough arms to organize an army at any time.
1400:] government will be swept out of existence not a Radical will be left alive." Forrest claimed the Klan had more than 40,000 members in Tennessee and 550,000 in the southern states. He said the Klan supported the Democratic Party. Forrest suggested that a proclamation of Brownlow called for shooting members of the Klan. Forrest denied being a member of the Klan himself.
930:, published that same year. He accused Graves of slandering an ex-Congressman, argued that Baptist ministers were mostly illiterate and opposed to learning, and charged that the Baptist religion was wrought with "selfishness, bigotry, intolerance, and shameful want of Christian liberality." Brownlow also mocked the Baptist sectarian method of baptism,
758:, which he had dubbed a "filthy lying sheet." Prior to the departure of Brownlow and his newspaper from Jonesboro, an unknown assailant clubbed Brownlow in the head, leaving him bedridden for two weeks. He blamed this act on Knoxville's newspaper interests, who feared his competition. Upon his arrival, he became embroiled in an editorial war with
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490:." Unable to make headway in the district, Brownlow circulated his venomous 70-page pamphlet blasting the district's Baptists, and narrowly galloped safely back into the mountains as the district's enraged residents demanded he be hanged. Brownlow's run-in with the South Carolina nullifiers would influence his later views on secession.
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970:, but Brownlow refused to debate him because of his race. The challenge was then taken up by Abram Pryne of McGrawville, New York, a clergyman with the Congregational Church, and editor of an abolitionist newspaper. At the debate, which took place in Philadelphia in September 1858, Brownlow stated in his opening argument:
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By the 1850s, Brownlow was radically pro-slavery, arguing that the institution was "ordained by God." He gave a
Scriptural defense of slavery in a speech delivered in Knoxville in 1857, and in the following year, he issued a challenge to Northern abolitionists to debate the issue. The challenge was
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former slaves with the right to vote and run for public office in
Tennessee and extend other civil rights to all former slaves. Conservative Republicans generally opposed these actions by Brownlow and his Radical Republican base, and soon after, ex-Confederate political leaders and military officers
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had 14,000 subscribers, and was considered by secessionists the root of the stubborn pro-Union sentiment in East
Tennessee (the region had resoundingly rejected a referendum on secession in February of that year). Knoxville's Democrats tried to counter Brownlow by installing radical secessionist J.
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What made the Parson stand out was, more than anything else, his vitriolic tongue and pen. Over the course of his long career, he took up many causes. These included not only
Methodism, Whiggery, and the Union, but also temperance, Know-Nothingism, and slavery. His favorite method of promoting those
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The competition in
Southern Appalachia for both converts and their tithes among the Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians was fierce, and diatribes in both speech and print against rival sectarian Christian beliefs and leaders were commonplace among missionaries. In defending his Methodist Church
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Brownlow remained a divisive figure for decades after his death. In 1999, historian
Stephen Ash wrote, "more than 120 years after his death, merely mentioning his name in the Volunteer State can evoke raucous laughter or bitter curses." Brownlow has been described as "Tennessee's worst governor,"
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for president in 1868, and asked for federal troops to be stationed in 21 Tennessee counties to counter rising Klan activity. The state legislature granted him the power to throw out entire counties' voter registrations if he thought they included disfranchised voters. In
October 1868, prior to the
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in the 1820s, Brownlow was both censured and praised by his superiors for his vicious verbal debates responding to rival missionaries of other sectarian
Christian beliefs. Later, as a newspaper publisher and editor, he was notorious for his relentless replies in the form of personal attacks against
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Brownlow was nominated for governor by a convention of Tennessee Unionists in January 1865. He was the only nominee. This convention also submitted state constitutional amendments outlawing slavery and repealing the Ordinance of Secession, thus making his state the first of the Southern states to
978:, but that slavery is an established and inevitable condition to human society. I will maintain the ground that God always intended the relation of master and slave to exist; that Christ and the early teachers of Christianity, found slavery differing in no material respect from American slavery,
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William Rule wrote that Brownlow was "a master of invective and burning sarcasm, and he flourished in an age when such things were expected of a public journalist." J. Austin Sperry, Brownlow's rival editor in pre-Civil War Knoxville, admitted that Brownlow was a remarkable judge of human
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Forrest and twelve other Klan members submitted a petition to Brownlow, stating they would cease their activities if Confederates were given the right to vote. Brownlow rejected this, however, and set about reorganizing the state guard and pressing the legislature for still greater enforcement
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Brownlow was escorted to Nashville (which the Union Army had captured), and crossed over into Union-controlled territory on March 3, 1862. His struggle against secession had made him a celebrity in northern states, and he embarked upon a speaking tour, starting with speeches in Cincinnati and
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of Alabama. When South Carolina seceded following Lincoln's election in November 1860, Brownlow derided the state and its "miserable cabbage-leaf of a Palmetto flag" as being descended from British loyalists, thus giving it an affinity for the aristocratic types that would govern the proposed
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Although Brownlow left the circuit shortly after his marriage during 1836, he would continue his staunch defense of Methodism and Methodist leaders against the published attacks by religious leaders and writers of other sectarian Christian beliefs within his later newspaper columns, books, and
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near Sulphur Springs, Virginia, where he experienced a dramatic spiritual rebirth. He later recalled that, suddenly, "all my anxieties were at an end, all my hopes were realized, my happiness was complete." He immediately abandoned the carpentry trade and began studying to become a Methodist
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express the sentiments of the masses of the Southern people... try to accomplish at the ballot-box and by legislation what they failed to do in the field...to get control of the National Government by the aid of the Democratic party, to destroy all the work of reconstruction, and during the
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believed in such things. He derided Ross as a "habitual adulterer" and the son of a slave, and accused his relatives of stealing and committing indecent acts (Ross's son responded to the latter charge with a death threat). This quarrel continued until Brownlow moved to Knoxville in 1849.
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in the state, supporting President Lincoln's Civil War and Reconstruction era policies and spent much of his term opposing the policies of Conservative Republicans. Brownlow's gubernatorial policies, which were both autocratic and progressive, helped Tennessee become the first former
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circuit in North Carolina. It was here that Brownlow first ran afoul of the Baptists—who were spreading quickly throughout the Southern Appalachian region—and developed an immediate dislike of them, considering them narrow-minded bigots who engaged in "dirty" rituals such as
1492:(also known under the popular titles as the Civil Rights Act of 1871 or the Third Ku Klux Klan Act) of the United States Congress which empowered the President to suspend the writ of habeas corpus in order to combat the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacy organizations.
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While Brownlow left the preaching circuit in the 1830s, he continued responding to the critics attacking the Methodist faith until the Civil War. In 1843, his feud with Haynes led to Haynes being barred from the Methodist clergy. That same year, J.M. Smith, editor of the
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The Capitol Committee of the Tennessee General Assembly removed the official portrait of Governor Parson Brownlow that had only been briefly installed during April 1987 within the Legislative Library of state capitol building, upon the recommendation of Democratic
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Eliza O'Brien Brownlow lived at the family's home formerly on East Cumberland Avenue (at the present day James White Parkway) in Knoxville until her death in 1914 at the age of 94. In the 1890s and early 1900s, numerous visitors, including three presidents
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Brownlow was a member of the U.S. Senate when the final version of the bill S. 810 was introduced onto the Senate floor on April 19, 1870, enacted the next month by the U.S. Congress, and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on May 31, 1870 as the
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in 1845. Ross argued that the Methodist Church was despotic, comparing it to a "great iron wheel" that would crush American liberty. He stated that most Methodists were descended from Revolutionary War loyalists, and accused the Methodist Church founder,
802:(who spent time in Knoxville while in exile), and on at least one occasion, threatened Swan with a revolver. Following the failure of the Bank of East Tennessee in 1858, Brownlow ruthlessly assailed its directors. His attacks forced A.R. Crozier and
739:. Clay was consistently Brownlow's first choice for the party's presidential candidate throughout the 1840s. Brownlow's son John recalled that one of the few times he ever saw his father cry was after he had received the news of Clay's defeat in the
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Brownlow would later accost Haynes in a Jonesborough street and then proceeded to beat Haynes with a sword cane, prompting Haynes to draw out his pistol and shoot Brownlow in the thigh. Haynes was later hired as editor of the competing Democratic
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It was easy for friends to persuade Mr. Brownlow to do anything that did not violate his sense of right; to force him was impossible. A child could lead him; a giant could not drive him. When his mind was once made up, it was as immovable as the
1394:, Forrest stated, "I have never recognized the present government in Tennessee as having any legal existence." He objected to Governor Brownlow calling out the militia and warned if they "committed outrages" that "they and Mr. Brownloe's [
958:, stated that social pressure in the 1830s pushed most abolitionist Southerners to adopt pro-slavery views. Historian Robert McKenzie, however, suggests that Brownlow's pro-slavery shift might have been rooted in the rivalry between Northern and
629:(the Tennessee town has spelled municipal name two different ways through its history), publishing the first edition of the second volume on May 7, 1840. Brownlow had also brought along Valentine Garland along as a new business partner within his
822:), he was later jailed by Confederate States military authorities (the CSA district attorney in Knoxville, Tennessee being related to J. G. M. Ramsey) in December 1861, pardoned, and subsequently forced into exile in the northern United States.
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candidates in the upcoming elections. Brownlow partnered with the Elizabethton newspaper publisher, Mason R. Lyon, and as the editor within their partnership, with the agreement that Brownlow would receive one-third of the new profits from the
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1295:, turned against Brownlow, alleging his actions were too despotic, and aligned themselves with Johnson. By 1866, Brownlow had come to believe that some Southerners were plotting another rebellion, and that Andrew Johnson would be its leader.
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to support his campaign, he accused Johnson of being illegitimate, suggested Johnson's relatives were murderers and thieves and stated that Johnson was an atheist. Johnson won the election by 1,300 votes, out of just over 10,000 votes cast.
906:, which was dedicated to refuting Ross's attacks, and embarked on a speaking tour that summer. Brownlow argued that while it was common in Wesley's time for people to believe in ghosts, he provided evidence that many Presbyterian ministers
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minister. In Fall 1826, he attended the annual meeting of the Holston Conference of the Methodist Church in Abingdon. He applied to join the travelling ministry (commonly called "circuit riders"), and was admitted that year by Bishop
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state to be readmitted to the Union in 1866, "exempting it from the lengthy federal military reconstruction inflicted on most of the South". After the Civil War, Brownlow again resumed his opposition to longtime political foe and then
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in 1709 and emigrated to Virginia in 1731. Brownlow and his four siblings were split up among relatives, with Brownlow spending the remainder of his childhood on his uncle John Gannaway's farm. At age 18, Brownlow went to
1283:, a group which dominated Congress and vehemently opposed Johnson. In the elections for the state's congressional seats held in August 1865, Brownlow rejected nearly one-third of the total vote to allow Radical candidate
1111:. On December 6, as he was in Knoxville preparing to leave, however, Knox County Commissioner Robert B. Reynolds and Confederate States District Attorney John Crozier Ramsey (a son of Confederate States treasury agent
1162:, which was completed in May 1862. By September, the book had sold over 100,000 copies. Brownlow then headed to the northeast, where he addressed the New York City Chamber of Commerce on May 14, and spoke at the
1753:(1879–1963), a prominent 20th-century political scientist and city planner, was a grandson of one of Parson Brownlow's first cousins. He served a tumultuous 3-year term as Knoxville's city manager in the 1920s.
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In early April 1865, Brownlow arrived in Nashville, a city which he despised, having called it a "dunghill," and stating it had a "deadly, treasonable exhalation." He was sworn in on April 5, and submitted the
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by a 63 to 39 vote. By the time he was sworn in on March 4, 1869, a persistent nervous disease had weakened him considerably, and the Senate clerk had to read his speeches. One of his speeches was a defense of
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Partially a result of Brownlow's persistent opposition to secession within the pages of his newspapers (and partially due to his long-time feud with Confederate sympathizer, banker, and Tennessee historian
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Journalist Steve Humphrey argued that Brownlow was a talented newspaper editor and reporter, as evidenced by his reporting on events such as the opening of the Gayoso Hotel in Memphis and Knoxville's 1854
851:. Brownlow denied the charge, and accused Smith of being an adulterer. At a meeting of the Methodists' Holston Conference that year, Smith tried unsuccessfully to have Brownlow expelled from the church.
1387:, archived by the Tennessee Secretary of State, contains one letter dated July 4, 1868, from the Great-Grand Cyclops of the Ku Klux Klan Stella Morton, in which Morton threatens Governor Brownlow's life.
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and the "most hated man in Tennessee History." A 1981 poll of fifty-two Tennessee historians that ranked the state's governors on ability, accomplishments, and statesmanship, placed Brownlow dead last.
1909:
Americanism Contrasted with Foreignism, Romanism and Bogus Democracy, In the Light of Reason, History, and Scripture; In Which Certain Demagogues in Tennessee, and Elsewhere, are Shown Up in Their True
1053:, which unsuccessfully petitioned the state legislature to allow East Tennessee to form a separate, Union-aligned state. In the weeks following Tennessee's secession in June 1861, Brownlow used the
1943:, Ass, Who Appeared Before the Invitation, On Saturday Night, the 18th of September, 1852, in the Hearing of a Large Audience, and Assailed Said Brownlow" (Knoxville, Tennessee, September 19, 1852)
1708:(1839–1922), was a colonel in the Union Army during the Civil War. In the decades following his father's death, he helped finance the development of a Knoxville neighborhood (just north of modern
618:. Haynes had read law under Elizabethton attorney T.A.R. Nelson, and Haynes would later follow Nelson to Jonesborough during 1840, where Haynes would eventually edit a Jonesborough newspaper.
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on May 15. In subsequent weeks, he spoke in Boston and various cities in New England, and later toured western New York and Illinois. In late June, he testified at the impeachment trial of
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On the night of April 28, 1877, Brownlow collapsed at his home, and died the following afternoon. The cause of death was given as "paralysis of the bowels." He was interred in Knoxville's
1181:, who had threatened to shoot two Confederate soldiers attempting to remove the American flag from the Brownlows' home in Knoxville in December of the previous year. Later that year, author
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his religious and political opponents, sometimes to the point of being physically assaulted. At the same time, Brownlow was successfully building a large base of fiercely loyal subscribers.
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Parson Brownlow recently declared in relation to the Union men of East Tennessee: We intend to fight the secessionists until hell freezes over, and then fight them on ice, Or any other man.
396:, Tennessee and Catherine Gannaway followed three months later, leaving William orphaned at the age of 10. The first Brownlow forebear in Virginia was William Brownlow, who was born in
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Following his reelection as Governor of Tennessee in 1867, Brownlow decided he would not seek a third term, and instead sought election to the U.S. Senate seat that would be vacated by
301:(August 29, 1805 – April 29, 1877) was an American newspaper publisher, Methodist minister, book author, prisoner of war, lecturer, and politician who served as the 17th
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for at least five years anyone who had supported the Confederacy, and, in cases of Confederate leaders, fifteen years. He later strengthened this law to require prospective voters to
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Helps to the Study of Presbyterianism: Or, An Unsophisticated Exposition of Calvinism, with Hopkinsian Modifications and Policy, with a View to a More Easy Interpretation of the Same
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for ratification, which the Radicals in Congress supported, but Johnson and his allies opposed. The pro-Johnson minority in the statehouse attempted to flee Nashville to prevent a
1034:, touching off an editorial war that lasted throughout much of the year. Brownlow called Sperry a "scoundrel" and a "debauchee," and mocked the relatively small circulation of the
775:(one of his more common personal attacks was to accuse his opponents of being "drunkards"). Following the collapse of the Whig Party in the mid-1850s, he aligned himself with the
1232:, and began vengefully pursuing ex-Confederates. He spent a portion of 1864 attempting to reorganize his church's Holston Conference and realign it with the northern Methodists.
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Brownlow began calling for civil rights to be extended to freed slaves, stating that "a loyal Negro was more deserving than a disloyal white man." In May 1866, he submitted the
1712:) which for years was known as "Brownlow." Brownlow Elementary School, which served this neighborhood from 1913 to 1995, still stands, and has been converted into urban lofts.
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and its early leaders, Brownlow, took such debates to a whole new level, attacking not only Baptist and Presbyterian theology but also the character of his rival missionaries.
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559:, initially under its editor William Gott. This weekly Elizabethton newspaper advanced Whig politics, and by the time that Brownlow had later been promoted as its editor, the
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were organized to help freed slaves in this process. Members of these leagues frequently clashed with disfranchised ex-Confederates, including members of the burgeoning
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the following year, and the editors Brownlow and Haynes would publish polemics targeting each other within their respective newspapers over the next several years.
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was the last pro-Union newspaper in the South. He was quoted as saying "We intend to fight the secessionists until hell freezes over, and then fight them on ice."
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Brownlow was staunchly opposed to Southern secession. He argued that secessionists wanted to form a country governed by "purse-proud aristocrats" of the Southern
2149:""Finding Aid for the William G. Brownlow Tennessee Bonds Circular MS.2750". Special Collections Online – The University of Tennessee. Retrieved November 5, 2017"
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in East Tennessee, and attacked several others. Confederate leaders immediately suspected Brownlow of complicity, but he denied any involvement in the attacks.
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they had supported the Union. He tried to impose fines for wearing a Confederate uniform, and attempted to bar Confederate ministers from performing marriages.
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area, where there was a strong Presbyterian presence, and he later recalled being constantly harassed by a young Presbyterian missionary who taunted him with
331:. Brownlow's uncompromising and radical viewpoints made him one of the most divisive figures in Tennessee political history and one of the most controversial
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1341:, a frequent critic of the Brownlow administration. That same month, the legislature passed a bill giving the state's black residents the right to vote, and
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A Political Register, Setting Forth the Principles of the Whig and Locofoco Parties in the United States, With the Life and Public Services of Henry Clay
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By 1868, Klan violence had increased significantly. The organization had sent Brownlow a death threat, and had come close to assassinating Congressman
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497:(addressing, in part, Brownlow's advancement of the separation of church and state in the United States and the Presbyterian Church domination of the
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As Brownlow's vituperative editorial style quickly brought bitter division to Elizabethton, and he began quarreling with local Whig-turned-Democrat
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1459:, where the Klan had been founded. After Brownlow left office in March, Forrest ordered the Klan to destroy its costumes and cease all activities.
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at Metropolitan Hall in Indianapolis on April 8, and spoke at the Merchants' Exchange in Chicago a few days later. On April 14, he addressed the
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for ratification the following day. After this amendment was ratified, Brownlow submitted a series of bills to punish former Confederates. He
954:. In subsequent years, however, he shifted to a staunchly pro-slavery stance. Indeed he owned slaves himself. Brownlow's friend and colleague,
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Brownlow's views on slavery changed over time. While his pre-Civil War writings reveal a strong pro-slavery slant, his name appears on an 1834
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In the late 1850s, Brownlow turned his attention to Knoxville's Democratic Party leaders and their associates. He quarreled with the radical
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also relocated from Elizabethton and to Jonesborough during the same year, where the weekly Brownlow newspaper was again rebranded as the
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360:, an often bitter and biting dislike for each other that both Brownlow and Johnson had put aside during the dark days on the Civil War.
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Brownlow returned to Tennessee in 1863 and in 1865 became governor with support of the U.S. Army behind him. Brownlow aligned with the
1951:
Ought American Slavery to be Perpetuated? A Debate Between Rev. W.G. Brownlow and Rev. A. Pryne Held At Philadelphia, September, 1858
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following a funeral procession described by his colleague, Oliver Perry Temple, as the largest in the city's history up to that time.
1255:. This official portrait of Governor Brownlow would only be briefly displayed within the Tennessee State Capitol building during 1987.
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after announcing Confederate authorities were preparing to arrest him. On November 4, he left Knoxville and went into hiding in the
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2238:"Early History of Carter County 1760-1861", pp. 55-56. Frank Merritt, 1950. East Tennessee Historical Society, Knoxville, Tennessee.
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521:. Brownlow began working as a clerk managing her family's O'Brien Furnace (iron foundry), which was located along the banks of the
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speeches. For the remainder of his life and beyond, Brownlow was to become known to friend and foe alike as the "Fighting Parson".
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William E. Hardy, "The Margins of William Brownlow's Words: New Perspectives on the End of Radical Reconstruction in Tennessee,"
2263:"Early History of Carter County 1760-1861", pp. 58. Frank Merritt, 1950. East Tennessee Historical Society, Knoxville, Tennessee.
926:, which used terminology and attacks similar to the ones Ross had used in the previous decade. Brownlow quickly fired back with
2196:"Early History of Carter County 1760-1861", p. 55. Frank Merritt, 1950. East Tennessee Historical Society, Knoxville, Tennessee.
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1946:"A Sermon on Slavery: A Vindication of the Methodist Church, South: Her Position Stated" (Knoxville, Tennessee, August 9, 1857)
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ideals, and also that repeated Brownlow's opposition to secession by the southern slave states in the years leading up to the
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Alexander, Thomas B. "Strange Bedfellows: The Interlocking Careers of TAR Nelson, Andrew Johnson, and WG (Parson) Brownlow."
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1545:, had undone most of his Radical initiatives, allowing Democrats to regain control of the state government. Having sold the
1432:, were initially defeated. Brownlow, believing Klan intimidation to be the reason for their defeat, rejected the votes from
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384:, in 1805, the eldest son of Joseph A. Brownlow and Catherine Gannaway. Joseph Brownlow, an itinerant farmer, was born in
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Soon after the Civil War, Brownlow and Radical Republicans utilized their control of state government to enfranchise male
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Interviewed (while suffering visibly from the "palsy" that afflicted him in later life) in 1871 by a reporter from the
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on Thursday, May 16, 1839, and within several weeks, Brownlow and Lyon would rebrand their new weekly newspaper as the
1224:'s forces back to Knoxville in September. In November 1863, using proceeds from his speaking tour, he relaunched the
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administration of a Democratic President to reorganize the Southern Confederacy, after long and careful preparation."
1455:, arguing this was necessary to quell rising Klan violence. He also dispatched five state guard companies to occupy
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Miscamble, William G. "Andrew Johnson and the Election of William G. ("Parson") Brownlow as Governor of Tennessee."
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Wilson D. Miscamble, "Andrew Johnson and the Election of William G. ('Parson') Brownlow as Governor of Tennessee,"
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Sketches of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of Secession; With a Narrative of Personal Adventures Among the Rebels
1488:(also known under the popular titles as the Civil Rights Act of 1870 or the First Ku Klux Klan Act) and the later
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1743:(1826–1907), another nephew of Parson Brownlow (the son of his sister, Nancy), served as a U.S. congressman from
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to the south, where there was a strong pro-Union presence, and would spend several weeks staying with friends in
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from Tennessee from 1869 to 1875. Brownlow rose to prominence in the late 1830s and early 1840s as editor of the
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982:... that slavery having existed ever since the first organization of society, it will exist to the end of time.
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1150:, threatening Confederate soldiers who sought to remove the American flag from the Brownlows' home in Knoxville
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During the course of the Civil War, Brownlow would return to an anti-slavery stance, calling for emancipation.
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Stephen Humphrey, "The Man Brownlow from a Newspaper Man's Point of View," East Tennessee Historical Society
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The Great Iron Wheel Examined; Or, Its False Spokes Extracted, and an Exhibition of Elder Graves, Its Builder
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Brownlow married Eliza O'Brien (1819–1914) during 1836 in Elizabethton, Tennessee. They had seven children:
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1045:, canvassed East Tennessee, giving dozens of pro-Union speeches. In May and June 1861, Brownlow represented
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Full text online free of 1999 edition, with important new introduction by Stephen V. Ash pp xi to xvii.
2625:"Senator Brownlow: What He Thinks of the Next Presidential Election, the 'Rebel' Spirit, the Kuklux..."
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862:, where Ross had taken up in 1818. Ross had earlier "declared war" on Methodism as a co-editor in his
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Schroeder-Lein, Glenna R.; Zuczek, Richard (2001). "Brownlow, William Gannaway 'Parson' (1805–1877)".
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Forrest Conklin and John Wittig, "Religious Warfare in the Southern Highlands: Brownlow versus Ross,"
1471:, Andrew Johnson's son-in-law, in 1869. In October 1867, the state legislature elected Brownlow over
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to defend Unionists accused of treasonous acts by Confederate authorities. By the Fall of 1861, the
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Brownlow asked for permission to leave the state, which was granted by Confederate Secretary of War
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Throughout the Spring of 1861, Brownlow and his colleagues, Oliver Perry Temple, T.A.R. Nelson, and
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3668:
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1499:
Brownlow's house and library at 211 Cumberland Avenue in Knoxville (no longer extant), as drawn by
1445:
1437:
1337:
The Radicals nominated Brownlow for a second term for governor in February 1867. His opponent was
1006:
514:
2978:– from the Library of Congress "Chronicling America" database; includes issues published 1863–1866
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3593:
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2338:
James Bellamy, "The Political Career of Landon Carter Haynes," East Tennessee Historical Society
1485:
1350:
1331:
1078:
855:
518:
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and likeminded vigilante groups in efforts to disenfranchise African-Americans across Tennessee.
2990:
1541:
After his Senate term ended in 1875, Brownlow returned to Knoxville. His successor as governor,
424:, showing a Baptist minister changing clothes in front of horrified women after administering a
3808:
3613:
1956:"Speech of Parson Brownlow, of Tennessee, Against the Great Rebellion" (New York, May 15, 1862)
1790:
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in East Tennessee, bringing shipments of iron castings from the O'Brien Furnance to Knoxville.
393:
381:
249:
172:
2859:
2419:: A debate between Rev. W.G. Brownlow and Rev. A. Pryne. Held at Philadelphia, September, 1858
1596:'s pro-Republican successor. Rule continued editing this paper, which was eventually renamed
719:
the "greatest curse that ever yet befell this nation," and attacked Jackson's supporters, the
3793:
3295:
3174:
3090:
3080:
3056:
3046:
2206:"O'Brien Furnace ~ 1A 73 ~ Valley Forge, TN - Tennessee Historical Markers on Waymarking.com"
1940:
1727:. He served as an adjutant general in the state guard during his father's term as governor.
1716:
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1598:
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1527:
1167:
1128:
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915:
891:
696:
454:
302:
257:
100:
93:
56:
2927:
Haskins, Ralph W. "Internecine Strife in Tennessee: Andrew Johnson Versus Parson Brownlow"
2287:
Verton Queener, "William Gannaway Brownlow as an Editor," East Tennessee Historical Society
1884:
A Narrative of the Life, Travels, and Circumstances Incident Thereto, of William G. Brownlow
1719:(1842–1879), was also a colonel in the Union Army during the Civil War, though he was later
525:
at Valley Forge about four miles southeast of Elizabethton. Brownlow would often travel by
3954:
3949:
3360:
3098:
1665:"Liberty & Union. Now & Forever, One and Inseperable" - 34-star U.S. flag given to
1451:
In February 1869, as Brownlow's final term was near its end, he placed nine counties under
1204:
Brownlow's characteristic forthright communication style is evident in the newspaper title
1014:
859:
751:
715:), developing industries within northeast Tennessee, and a weakened presidency. He called
615:
487:
461:
189:
2584:""Guide to Manuscript Materials : MF. 1800 - MF. 1899", Tennessee Secretary of State"
858:(1796–1883), who, from 1826 till 1852, was pastor of Old Kingsport Presbyterian Church in
8:
3390:
3265:
1698:
1562:
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1280:
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955:
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780:
566:
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Brownlow cut his teeth in the newspaper business during 1838 writing for the short-lived
3523:
1925:
1908:
1900:
1135:. He hosted a banquet at the Monongahela House in Pittsburgh on April 17, and spoke at
898:
Brownlow initially responded to Ross with a running column, "F.A. Ross' Corner," in the
3893:
3838:
3768:
3638:
3588:
3340:
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967:
768:
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406:
347:
332:
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128:
2704:(Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1900; reprinted by Kessinger Books, 2010), p. 326.
1193:. In 1863, Philadelphia-based music publisher Lee and Walker issued a musical score,
3873:
3833:
3788:
3663:
3623:
3618:
3603:
3375:
3370:
3260:
3013:
2974:
2904:
2869:
2811:
2563:
2562:. ABC-CLIO biographical companions. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 39–41.
2497:
2129:
1983:
1720:
1573:
1566:
1376:
1338:
1221:
1213:
1170:, a Confederate judge who had denied Brownlow bail following his arrest in December.
1136:
1108:
931:
200:
1303:
3863:
3828:
3813:
3798:
3763:
3718:
3678:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3410:
3380:
3350:
3330:
3123:
3022:
2946:
Tennessee's Radical Army: The State Guard and Its Role in Reconstruction, 1867-1869
1690:
1477:
1408:
1322:, and the House sergeant-at-arms was dispatched to arrest them. Two were captured—
1292:
1265:
1244:
1209:
1155:
1142:
1124:
830:
364:
2216:"That D--d Brownlow!", p. 176. Steve Humphrey. Appalachian Consortium Press, 1978.
1495:
1279:, was too lenient toward former Confederate leaders, and aligned himself with the
989:
974:
Not only will I throughout this discussion openly and boldly take the ground that
563:
had some three hundred subscribers and was closely associated with Mason R. Lyon.
3923:
3878:
3853:
3848:
3823:
3693:
3673:
3658:
3450:
3415:
3405:
3400:
3345:
3320:
3310:
3305:
3275:
3195:
2997:
2782:
2676:
Notable Men of Tennessee, From 1833 to 1875, Their Times and Their Contemporaries
2491:
2416:
1959:"Address to the Loyal People of Tennessee" (Knoxville, Tennessee, March 18, 1868)
1950:
1709:
1519:
1480:, the Union general who had liberated Knoxville from Confederate forces in 1863.
1112:
1101:
819:
811:
807:
704:
680:
416:
3009:
1669:
by the Ladies of Philadelphia, June 13, 1862 (East Tennessee Historical Society)
3913:
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3843:
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3628:
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3143:
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1724:
1666:
1612:
1182:
1132:
1042:
882:
732:
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661:
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During the following year in 1827, Brownlow was assigned as a circuit rider in
385:
357:
316:
140:
79:
1275:
After a few months in office Brownlow decided Johnson, who had by then become
922:
minister of Nashville's Second Baptist Church, ripped Methodists in his book,
43:
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3773:
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700:
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was short-lived as an announcement published on August 12, 1840 notified the
534:
530:
1733:(1851–1910), a nephew of Parson Brownlow, served as a U.S. congressman from
1100:
Harrison Self bids goodbye to his daughter; Self was eventually pardoned by
1092:
633:
enterprise. Garland had previously worked as a journeyman printer with the
425:
3928:
3903:
3868:
3653:
3608:
3598:
3335:
1510:, Brownlow essentially predicted the failure of Reconstruction, the coming
1380:
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1342:
1308:
1120:
848:
799:
776:
438:
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369:
216:
1416:. Following the election, two of the Radicals' congressional candidates,
1383:, partially in response to the disfranchisement policies of Brownlow. The
1013:, for president in 1860, and in September of that year, interrupted a pro-
649:
readers that the Brownlow and Garland business partnership was dissolved.
3470:
3445:
3385:
3355:
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3200:
3190:
1607:
1452:
1291:. A small group of state legislators, led by state Speaker of the House
1252:
1174:
919:
876:
712:
708:
448:
In 1826, Soule gave Brownlow his first assignment as a circuit rider—the
397:
2932:
2922:
2918:
2501:
1569:, which had been established for the city's African-American residents.
1565:
for president. In December of the same year, he spoke at the opening of
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
2849:
1606:
remained one of Knoxville's daily newspapers until it folded in 1991.
1365:
1186:
736:
575:
368:
joined into this opposition directed against Brownlow and utilized the
320:
764:
editor John Miller McKee that lasted until McKee's departure in 1855.
754:, where he was already well known for his clashes with the Democratic
3898:
3004:
Brownlow-related photographs in the Calvin McClung Digital Collection
2496:, (Chattanooga, Tenn.: The Lookout Publishing Co., 1918), pp. 39-45.
787:, which attacked Catholicism, foreigners and Democratic politicians.
720:
522:
486:
in South Carolina, which he claimed was "overrun with Baptists" and "
465:
410:
105:
2007:, 6 April 2011] Accessed at the Internet Archive, September 20, 2017
785:
Americanism Contrasted with Foreignism, Romanism and Bogus Democracy
501:) published in Knoxville, Tennessee by newspaper and book publisher
1773:, Brownlow's primary mouthpiece, was published under the following
1744:
1627:
Brownlow's long-time colleague, Oliver Perry Temple, wrote of him:
526:
389:
2689:
Printer's Devil to Publisher: Adolph S. Ochs of the New York Times
2184:, 6 April 2011. Accessed at the Internet Archive, 2 October 2015.
779:
movement, as he had long shared this movement's anti-Catholic and
3908:
2844:
Alexander, Thomas B. "Whiggery and Reconstruction in Tennessee."
2810:(Gaithersburg, Maryland: Olde Soldier Books, Inc., 1990), p. 86.
2765:, 6 April 2011. Accessed at the Internet Archive, 2 October 2015.
2548:(Franklin, Tenn.: Hillsboro Press, 2000), pp. 169, 178, 190, 239.
1642:
951:
854:
In the late 1840s, Brownlow quarreled with Presbyterian minister
472:
2794:
2403:
Lincolnites and Rebels: A Divided Town in the American Civil War
814:, winning a civil judgement on behalf of the bank's depositors.
727:. While Brownlow steadfastly supported Whig candidates such as
1440:
counties, allowing Tillman to win, and rejected the votes from
1319:
401:
2891:
William G. Brownlow: Fighting Parson of the Southern Highlands
2358:(Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1999).
2356:
William G. Brownlow: Fighting Parson of the Southern Highlands
2135:
William G. Brownlow: Fighting Parson of the Southern Highlands
1235:
684:
Brownlow as he appeared on the frontispiece of his 1856 book,
475:, but the suit was dismissed. In 1831, Brownlow was sued for
2254:(Johnson City, Tenn.: Overmountain Press, 2002), pp. 140-145.
1017:
rally in Knoxville to spar with the rally's keynote speaker,
928:
The Great Iron Wheel Examined; Or, Its False Spokes Extracted
594:
suggested that Brownlow should launch a newspaper to support
476:
2665:(Tulsa, Okla.: Continental Heritage Press, 1982), p. 49, 74.
838:
that attacked Presbyterian minister Frederick Augustus Ross.
513:
Brownlow married a younger Eliza Ann O'Brien during 1836 in
2271:
2269:
1220:
Brownlow returned to Nashville in early 1863, and followed
1069:
On October 24, 1861, Brownlow suspended publication of the
479:
by a Baptist preacher, and ordered to pay his accuser $ 5.
2854:
Alexander, Thomas B. "Kukluxism in Tennessee, 1865-1869."
611:
starting with the June 13, 1839 edition of the newspaper.
3553:
2958:
2252:
Jonesborough: The First Century of Tennessee's First Town
1584:
In 1870, William Rule, who had been a journalist for the
1396:
1177:
in Hartford presented a revolver to Brownlow's daughter,
834:
Heading for "F.A. Ross' Corner," a series in Brownlow's
711:
allowing for better steamboat transportation of goods to
482:
In 1832, Brownlow was assigned as a circuit rider to the
2901:
A South Divided: Portraits of Dissent in the Confederacy
2327:
Sketches of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of Secession
2266:
2138:(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 1999).
1160:
Sketches of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of Secession
1553:, a Republican newspaper published by his old protégé,
1349:, and Brownlow organized a state guard, led by General
976:
Slavery as it exists in America ought to be perpetuated
866:, published from 1827 to 1832. Although distracted by
3990:
Republican Party United States senators from Tennessee
2776:
Brownlow School Redevelopment & Urban Renewal Plan
2611:. "A Talk with General Forrest." September 8, 1868: 1.
1412:
election, Brownlow discarded all registered voters in
1146:
An artist's 1888 illustration of Brownlow's daughter,
946:
petition. In the early 1840s, Brownlow supported the
2225:
Stephen V. Ash, "Introduction" in E. Merton Coulter,
1701:), called on Eliza Brownlow when visiting Knoxville.
1123:
in early April. He spoke alongside Indiana governor
1009:. Brownlow endorsed his friend, pro-Union candidate
794:, a pro-secession newspaper published by businessman
2966:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
2557:
2192:
2190:
997:, showing Brownlow delivering a pro-Union speech in
641:
for $ 550.00, but their business partnership in the
1191:
Parson Brownlow and the Unionists of East Tennessee
868:
internecine conflict within the Presbyterian Church
810:from public life. Brownlow sued another director,
561:
Elizabethton Republican and Manufacturer's Advocate
557:
Elizabethton Republican and Manufacturer's Advocate
2354:Stephen Ash, Introduction to E. Merton Coulter's
2187:
1815:Brownlow's Knoxville Whig and Independent Journal
1462:
1298:
847:, accused Brownlow of having stolen jewelry at a
771:in 1850, and promoted temperance policies in the
3941:
3173:
3006:– includes newspaper clippings and family photos
2619:
2617:
1894:Baptism Examined: Or, the True State of the Case
1799:(May 6, 1840 in Jonesborough – November 3, 1841)
1208:; perhaps not insignificantly, Brownlow's sons,
1833:Brownlow's Knoxville Whig, and Rebel Ventilator
1549:in 1869, Brownlow purchased an interest in the
735:, his true political idol was Kentucky senator
699:(more specifically, public improvements to the
2975:Brownlow's Knoxville Whig and Rebel Ventilator
2839:East Tennessee Historical Society Publications
2414:Brownlow, William Gannaway & Pryne, Abram
1783:(May 16, 1839 in Elizabethton – June 13, 1839)
902:. In 1847, he launched a separate paper, the
4040:People of Tennessee in the American Civil War
3539:
3159:
2678:(New York: Cosmopolitan Press, 1912), p. 143.
2614:
1988:Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture
1685:, Mary, Fannie, Annie, and Caledonia Temple.
980:incorporated into every department of society
950:, which sought to recolonize freed slaves in
4035:Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
2913:Kelly, James C. "William Gannaway Brownlow"
2486:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
1385:William G. Brownlow Family Papers, 1836-1900
2785:, August 2007. Retrieved: 29 October 2012.
2712:
2710:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
1817:(May 19, 1849 in Knoxville – April 7, 1855)
1236:Reconstruction-era as Governor of Tennessee
1216:, both saw combat as Union cavalry officers
783:sentiments. In 1856, he published a book,
691:Brownlow supported Whig policies such as a
517:, where the two resided in her hometown of
3546:
3532:
3508:
3166:
3152:
2405:(New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
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2073:
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2069:
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2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
603:. Brownlow and Lyon launched their weekly
493:Brownlow soon afterward had his 1834 tome
69:April 5, 1865 – February 25, 1869
3970:19th-century American Methodist ministers
2753:
2751:
2507:
2475:
2417:Ought American slavery to be perpetuated?
2301:
2299:
2297:
2276:Jonesborough Whig and Independent Journal
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1809:Jonesborough Whig and Independent Journal
637:and had purchased Lyon's interest in the
2707:
2702:Standard History of Knoxville, Tennessee
2560:Andrew Johnson: a biographical companion
2533:
2455:
2386:
2312:
1660:
1494:
1359:
1302:
1243:
1199:
1141:
1091:
988:
937:
881:
829:
679:
565:
544:
415:
4050:United States senators who owned slaves
4025:19th-century American newspaper editors
4000:Republican Party governors of Tennessee
2745:, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Spring 1982), p. 100.
2332:
2246:
2244:
2172:
2170:
1990:, 2009. Retrieved on October 18, 2012.
1933:
1835:(November 11, 1863 – February 21, 1866)
1557:. The paper's name was changed to the
1096:Brownlow (center) watches as condemned
870:for nearly a decade, he relaunched the
260:, Mary, Fannie, Annie, Caledonia Temple
14:
3942:
3000:– Tennessee State Library and Archives
2748:
2663:Knoxville: Crossroads of the New South
2530:(Tennessee Book Company, 1959), p. 67.
2350:
2348:
2294:
2010:
1969:
1888:Helps to the Study of Presbyterianism:
1886:(1834, a book supplement bound within
1841:(February 28, 1866 – January 27, 1869)
1085:. On November 8, pro-Union guerillas
890:, showing an ex-Congressman attacking
879:, of believing in ghosts and witches.
413:from another uncle, George Winniford.
118:March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1875
4020:Politicians from Knoxville, Tennessee
3555:United States senators from Tennessee
3527:
3147:
3115:U.S. senator (Class 1) from Tennessee
2832:Political Reconstruction in Tennessee
2774:Knox County Development Corporation,
2456:Uffelman, Minoa (November 21, 2011).
2229:(Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1999) p xi
1651:Tennessee state Senator Douglas Henry
1064:
495:Helps To The Study of Presbyterianism
2868:, Louisiana State University Press,
2691:(New York Messner, 1963), pp. 24-25.
2241:
2167:
1610:, who later became publisher of the
1379:joined the Klan, becoming its first
1158:convinced Brownlow to write a book,
825:
746:In May 1849, Brownlow relocated the
338:Beginning his career as a Methodist
4055:Temperance activists from Tennessee
2991:Governor William G. Brownlow Papers
2493:Notable Southern families, Volume 1
2345:
1829:(August 3, 1861 – October 26, 1861)
1230:Knoxville Whig and Rebel Ventilator
574:, attacking presidential candidate
24:
4030:19th-century American male writers
3960:People from Wythe County, Virginia
2917:43.1, 2 (1984): 25-43 and 155-72.
2824:
2434:. Stroudsburg, Pa. August 15, 1861
2329:(Philadelphia: G.W. Childs, 1862).
1984:William Gannaway "Parson" Brownlow
1805:(November 10, 1841 – May 11, 1842)
1723:to brigadier general by President
335:politicians of the United States.
25:
4076:
3019:Works by or about Parson Brownlow
2952:
2948:(Univ. of Tennessee Press, 2005).
2880:Brownlow Roared Pro-Union Message
2808:Brevet Brigadier Generals in Blue
2806:Roger D. Hunt and Jack R. Brown,
2650:Journal of East Tennessee History
2307:Journal of East Tennessee History
1789:(June 13, 1839 in Elizabethton –
1448:counties, allowing Smith to win.
590:The rising Elizabethton attorney
392:in 1782 and died during 1816 in
4060:American prisoners and detainees
3727:
3507:
3498:
3497:
3484:
2421:J.B. Lippincott & Co. (1858)
1823:(April 14, 1855 – July 27, 1861)
1602:, until his death in 1928. The
1512:nadir of American race relations
1139:in Philadelphia two days later.
276:
42:
2982:William Gannaway Brownlow entry
2961:"Parson Brownlow (id: b000963)"
2903:. Nashville: Cumberland House,
2800:
2788:
2768:
2736:
2723:
2694:
2681:
2668:
2655:
2642:
2602:
2576:
2551:
2520:
2449:
2424:
2408:
2361:
2281:
2257:
2232:
1847:(February 3, 1869 – March 1870)
1811:(May 18, 1842 – April 19, 1849)
1087:burned several railroad bridges
1030:Austin Sperry as editor of the
471:In 1828, Brownlow was sued for
420:Engraving from Brownlow's book
27:American politician (1805–1877)
2986:National Governors Association
2939:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2931:24#4 (1965), pp. 321–340
2929:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2915:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2856:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2759:Gov. Brownlow's Bad Reputation
2743:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2546:Tennessee: A Political History
2517:, Vol. 37 (1978), pp. 308-320.
2515:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2342:, Vol. 28 (1956), pp. 105-107.
2219:
2210:
2199:
2141:
1993:
1561:. In 1876, Brownlow endorsed
1490:Second Enforcement Act of 1871
1463:U.S. Senate and his later life
1299:Opposition to the Ku Klux Klan
1277:President of the United States
660:In 1845, Brownlow ran against
409:where he learned the trade of
13:
1:
2797:. Retrieved: 29 October 2012.
2528:Nashville: Its Life and Times
2504:. Retrieved: 29 October 2012.
2458:"Tennessee's Fighting Parson"
1963:
1761:
1249:Portrait of Governor Brownlow
1173:In June 1862, workers at the
962:over the issue in the 1840s.
948:American Colonization Society
904:Jonesborough Quarterly Review
888:The Great Iron Wheel Examined
806:to flee the state, and drove
686:The Great Iron Wheel Examined
670:U.S. House of Representatives
432:In 1825, Brownlow attended a
422:The Great Iron Wheel Examined
375:
2866:Secessionists and Scoundrels
2720:, Vol. 43 (1971), pp. 59-70.
2652:, Vol. 84 (2012), pp. 78-86.
2309:, Vol. 63 (1991), pp. 33-50.
1860:Knoxville Whig and Chronicle
1715:The Brownlows' younger son,
1559:Knoxville Whig and Chronicle
1536:Parson Brownlow, August 1871
1195:Parson Brownlow's Quick Step
581:Historian Stephen Ash says:
499:American Sunday School Union
7:
4065:People charged with treason
2846:Journal of Southern History
2630:. August 5, 1871. p. 3
2325:William Gannaway Brownlow,
2178:Requiem for Parson Brownlow
2001:Requiem for Parson Brownlow
1862:(1875–1877), co-owner with
1737:from 1897 until his death.
1154:In Philadelphia, publisher
570:Ad in an 1848 issue of the
508:
315:, a polemical newspaper in
305:from 1865 to 1869 and as a
10:
4081:
2899:Downing, David C. (2007),
2291:, No. 4 (1932), pp. 72-76.
1939:"Speech, Being a Reply to
1704:The Brownlows' older son,
1616:, began his career at the
1592:, which he considered the
1364:Photograph of Brownlow by
1307:Photograph of Brownlow by
886:Engraving from Brownlow's
741:1844 presidential election
548:
268:Minister, newspaper editor
4015:Journalists from Virginia
4010:American male journalists
3736:
3725:
3561:
3493:
3482:
3186:
3132:
3112:
3104:
3097:
3087:
3078:
3068:
3063:
3053:
3040:
3035:
3030:
2609:The Charleston Daily News
1839:Brownlow's Knoxville Whig
1821:Brownlow's Knoxville Whig
1656:
1579:
1390:In an interview with the
1051:East Tennessee Convention
993:Illustration in Barton's
468:criticisms of Methodism.
284:
272:
264:
245:
234:
226:
208:
196:
179:
160:William Gannaway Brownlow
155:
150:
146:
134:
122:
111:
99:
87:
73:
62:
54:
50:
41:
34:
18:William Gannaway Brownlow
3975:Methodist circuit riders
3965:Methodists from Virginia
3031:Party political offices
3010:Works by Parson Brownlow
2959:United States Congress.
2893:(1937; reprinted 999).
2731:Notable Men of Tennessee
1869:
1851:Weekly Whig and Register
1756:
1735:Tennessee's 1st district
515:Carter County, Tennessee
3985:Tennessee Know Nothings
2884:Knoxville News Sentinel
1486:Enforcement Act of 1870
1351:Joseph Alexander Cooper
1332:Military Reconstruction
856:Frederick Augustus Ross
230:Eliza O'Brien (m. 1836)
4005:Governors of Tennessee
2996:July 12, 2013, at the
2848:16.3 (1950): 291-305.
2834:(Vanderbilt UP, 1950).
2781:March 3, 2016, at the
2369:"Congress slaveowners"
1827:Brownlow's Weekly Whig
1670:
1634:
1539:
1503:
1368:
1311:
1256:
1217:
1151:
1129:Ohio state legislature
1104:
1022:Southern Confederacy.
1019:William Lowndes Yancey
1002:
984:
966:initially accepted by
895:
839:
695:, federal funding for
688:
588:
578:
429:
382:Wythe County, Virginia
173:Wythe County, Virginia
3175:Governor of Tennessee
3091:Dewitt Clinton Senter
3081:Governor of Tennessee
3057:Dewitt Clinton Senter
3047:Governor of Tennessee
2864:Ash, Stephen (1999),
2830:Alexander, Thomas B.
2674:Oliver Perry Temple,
1845:Knoxville Weekly Whig
1717:James Patton Brownlow
1664:
1629:
1599:The Knoxville Journal
1543:DeWitt Clinton Senter
1516:
1498:
1392:Cincinnati Commercial
1363:
1306:
1247:
1203:
1168:West Hughes Humphreys
1145:
1095:
1075:Great Smoky Mountains
992:
972:
938:Slavery and secession
916:James Robinson Graves
892:James Robinson Graves
885:
833:
697:internal improvements
683:
583:
569:
545:Early newspaper owner
503:Frederick S. Heiskell
419:
380:Brownlow was born in
307:United States Senator
303:governor of Tennessee
101:United States Senator
94:Dewitt Clinton Senter
57:Governor of Tennessee
2889:Coulter, E. Merton,
1934:Speeches and debates
1741:James Stewart Martin
1620:in the early 1870s.
924:The Great Iron Wheel
860:Kingsport, Tennessee
767:Brownlow joined the
752:Knoxville, Tennessee
725:A Political Register
723:, in his 1844 book,
616:Landon Carter Haynes
462:Maryville, Tennessee
426:baptism by immersion
204:Knoxville, Tennessee
190:Knoxville, Tennessee
83:as Military Governor
3995:Radical Republicans
2661:William MacArthur,
2590:on October 30, 2017
2373:The Washington Post
2227:William G. Brownlow
2155:on November 7, 2017
1699:William Howard Taft
1590:Knoxville Chronicle
1563:Rutherford B. Hayes
1551:Knoxville Chronicle
1501:Benson John Lossing
1281:Radical Republicans
960:Southern Methodists
956:Oliver Perry Temple
348:Radical Republicans
4045:Sons of Temperance
3121:Served alongside:
3108:David T. Patterson
3064:Political offices
2944:Severance, Ben H.
2544:Phillip Langsdon,
2432:"The Jeffersonian"
2375:, January 19, 2022
1747:in the mid-1870s.
1731:Walter P. Brownlow
1706:John Bell Brownlow
1695:Theodore Roosevelt
1671:
1504:
1469:David T. Patterson
1407:Brownlow endorsed
1369:
1312:
1257:
1218:
1152:
1105:
1065:American Civil War
1032:Knoxville Register
1003:
995:A Hero In Homespun
968:Frederick Douglass
896:
872:Calvinist Magazine
864:Calvinist Magazine
845:Abingdon Virginian
840:
804:William Churchwell
798:and Irish patriot
769:Sons of Temperance
761:Knoxville Register
689:
655:Tennessee Sentinel
579:
430:
333:Reconstruction Era
329:American Civil War
239:Walter P. Brownlow
129:David T. Patterson
3937:
3936:
3521:
3520:
3142:
3141:
3133:Succeeded by
3119:1869–1875
3088:Succeeded by
3054:Succeeded by
3014:Project Gutenberg
2941:37.3 (1978): 308.
2909:978-1-58182-587-9
2858:(1949): 195-219.
2569:978-1-57607-030-7
2490:Zella Armstrong,
2401:Robert McKenzie,
2130:E. Merton Coulter
1982:Forrest Conklin,
1941:Thomas Dog Arnold
1803:Jonesborough Whig
1787:Elizabethton Whig
1604:Knoxville Journal
1574:Old Gray Cemetery
1567:Knoxville College
1473:William B. Stokes
1377:Nathan B. Forrest
1339:Emerson Etheridge
1324:Pleasant Williams
1228:under the title,
1222:Ambrose Burnsides
1214:James P. Brownlow
1137:Independence Hall
1109:Judah P. Benjamin
1083:Tuckaleechee Cove
900:Jonesborough Whig
836:Jonesborough Whig
826:Sectarian debates
639:Elizabethton Whig
635:Elizabethton Whig
623:Elizabethton Whig
621:Brownlow and the
609:Elizabethton Whig
572:Jonesborough Whig
288:
287:
201:Old Gray Cemetery
16:(Redirected from
4072:
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3548:
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3488:
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3161:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3124:Joseph S. Fowler
3105:Preceded by
3069:Preceded by
3028:
3027:
3023:Internet Archive
2970:
2878:Robert Booker, "
2819:
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2586:. Archived from
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2531:
2524:
2518:
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2197:
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2185:
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2164:
2162:
2160:
2151:. Archived from
2145:
2139:
2127:
2008:
1997:
1991:
1980:
1853:(c. 1870 – 1871)
1691:William McKinley
1537:
1478:Ambrose Burnside
1426:William J. Smith
1409:Ulysses S. Grant
1293:William Heiskell
1210:John B. Brownlow
1206:Rebel Ventilator
1164:Academy of Music
1156:George W. Childs
1125:Oliver P. Morton
920:Landmark Baptist
792:Southern Citizen
664:for the state's
484:Pickens District
365:African-American
291:William Gannaway
280:
186:
169:
167:
151:Personal details
137:
125:
116:
90:
76:
67:
46:
32:
31:
21:
4080:
4079:
4075:
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3980:Tennessee Whigs
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3938:
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3557:
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3489:
3485:
3480:
3182:
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3110:
3093:
3084:
3076:
3075:Acting Governor
3074:
3059:
3050:
2998:Wayback Machine
2955:
2886:, 28 June 2011.
2841:24 (1952): 68+.
2827:
2825:Further reading
2822:
2805:
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2793:
2789:
2783:Wayback Machine
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2195:
2188:
2175:
2168:
2158:
2156:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2128:
2011:
1998:
1994:
1981:
1970:
1966:
1936:
1872:
1764:
1759:
1710:Fourth and Gill
1659:
1588:, launched the
1582:
1538:
1535:
1508:New York Herald
1465:
1301:
1238:
1113:J. G. M. Ramsey
1102:Jefferson Davis
1067:
940:
828:
820:J. G. M. Ramsey
812:J. G. M. Ramsey
808:John H. Crozier
796:William G. Swan
705:Tennessee River
553:
551:Brownlow's Whig
547:
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378:
219:
215:
209:Political party
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170:August 29, 1805
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2953:External links
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1725:Andrew Johnson
1667:Susan Brownlow
1658:
1655:
1613:New York Times
1581:
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1464:
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1414:Lincoln County
1316:14th Amendment
1300:
1297:
1287:to win in the
1262:13th Amendment
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1183:Erastus Beadle
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1043:Horace Maynard
1027:Knoxville Whig
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733:James C. Jones
717:Andrew Jackson
662:Andrew Johnson
643:Jonesboro Whig
631:Jonesboro Whig
627:Jonesboro Whig
605:Tennessee Whig
601:Tennessee Whig
549:Main article:
546:
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2923:part 2 online
2920:
2919:part 1 online
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2757:Jack Neely, "
2754:
2752:
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2697:
2690:
2687:Doris Faber,
2684:
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2176:Jack Neely, "
2173:
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2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1999:Jack Neely, "
1996:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1948:
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1938:
1937:
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1458:
1454:
1449:
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1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1418:Lewis Tillman
1415:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1373:Samuel Arnell
1367:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1355:1867 election
1352:
1348:
1344:
1343:Union Leagues
1340:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1305:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:Samuel Arnell
1282:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1266:disfranchised
1263:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1198:
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1140:
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1126:
1122:
1116:
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1110:
1103:
1099:
1098:bridge-burner
1094:
1090:
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1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1025:By 1861, the
1023:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:planter class
1000:
996:
991:
987:
983:
981:
977:
971:
969:
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953:
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837:
832:
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749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
701:Moccasin Bend
698:
694:
693:national bank
687:
682:
678:
675:
672:. Using the
671:
667:
663:
658:
656:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
619:
617:
612:
610:
606:
602:
597:
593:
592:T.A.R. Nelson
587:
582:
577:
573:
568:
564:
562:
558:
552:
542:
538:
536:
535:Holston River
532:
531:Watauga River
528:
524:
520:
516:
506:
504:
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496:
491:
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366:
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344:
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340:circuit rider
336:
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318:
314:
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296:
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197:Resting place
195:
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98:
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78:
72:
66:
61:
58:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
3643:
3290:
3128:Henry Cooper
3122:
3113:
3079:
3045:nominee for
3041:
3036:
2973:
2964:
2945:
2938:
2928:
2914:
2900:
2890:
2883:
2865:
2855:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2807:
2802:
2790:
2770:
2762:
2742:
2738:
2730:
2725:
2718:Publications
2717:
2701:
2696:
2688:
2683:
2675:
2670:
2662:
2657:
2649:
2644:
2632:. Retrieved
2627:
2608:
2604:
2592:. Retrieved
2588:the original
2578:
2559:
2553:
2545:
2527:
2526:Jesse Burt,
2522:
2514:
2509:
2492:
2465:. Retrieved
2461:
2451:
2443:
2436:. Retrieved
2426:
2415:
2410:
2402:
2377:, retrieved
2372:
2363:
2355:
2340:Publications
2339:
2334:
2326:
2306:
2289:Publications
2288:
2283:
2275:
2259:
2251:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2212:
2201:
2181:
2157:. Retrieved
2153:the original
2143:
2133:
2004:
1995:
1987:
1924:
1916:
1907:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1883:
1875:
1864:William Rule
1859:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1786:
1780:
1768:
1749:
1739:
1729:
1714:
1703:
1687:
1683:James Patton
1672:
1647:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1603:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1571:
1558:
1555:William Rule
1550:
1546:
1540:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1482:
1466:
1450:
1430:8th District
1422:4th District
1406:
1402:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1381:Grand Wizard
1370:
1347:Ku Klux Klan
1336:
1328:A. J. Martin
1313:
1309:Mathew Brady
1289:6th District
1274:
1269:
1258:
1248:
1239:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1205:
1194:
1190:
1185:published a
1172:
1159:
1153:
1117:
1106:
1079:Wears Valley
1070:
1068:
1058:
1054:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1015:Breckinridge
1004:
994:
985:
979:
975:
973:
964:
944:abolitionist
941:
927:
923:
913:
907:
903:
899:
897:
894:for slander.
887:
871:
863:
853:
849:camp meeting
844:
841:
835:
816:
800:John Mitchel
791:
789:
784:
777:Know Nothing
772:
766:
759:
755:
747:
745:
724:
703:area of the
690:
685:
673:
668:seat in the
666:1st District
659:
654:
651:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
620:
613:
608:
604:
600:
589:
584:
580:
571:
560:
556:
554:
539:
529:on both the
519:Elizabethton
512:
494:
492:
481:
470:
459:
455:foot washing
447:
443:
439:Joshua Soule
434:camp meeting
431:
421:
379:
370:Ku Klux Klan
362:
345:
337:
310:
298:
294:
290:
289:
185:(1877-04-29)
136:Succeeded by
113:
89:Succeeded by
64:
29:
3955:1877 deaths
3950:1805 births
3794:A. Anderson
3749:J. Anderson
3584:J. Anderson
3099:U.S. Senate
3051:1865, 1867
2763:Metro Pulse
2594:October 29,
2462:Opinionator
2438:January 14,
2250:Paul Fink,
2182:Metro Pulse
2159:November 5,
2005:Metro Pulse
1608:Adolph Ochs
1453:martial law
1375:. General
1253:George Dury
1175:Colt Armory
1047:Knox County
999:Sevierville
877:John Wesley
713:New Orleans
709:Chattanooga
466:Calvinistic
398:Magherafelt
394:Blountville
353:Confederate
124:Preceded by
75:Preceded by
3944:Categories
3784:A. Jackson
3669:Whitthorne
3664:H. Jackson
3574:A. Jackson
3085:1865–1869
3043:Republican
1964:References
1762:Newspapers
1645:epidemic.
1632:mountains.
1366:Carl Giers
1187:dime novel
737:Henry Clay
596:Whig Party
576:Lewis Cass
488:nullifiers
376:Early life
325:Whig Party
321:Henry Clay
265:Profession
221:Republican
166:1805-08-29
3924:Alexander
3809:Nicholson
3764:Whiteside
3719:Blackburn
3699:Brock III
3639:Patterson
3614:Nicholson
3461:Sundquist
3456:McWherter
3451:Alexander
3436:Ellington
3426:Ellington
3396:McAlister
3381:A. Taylor
3361:Patterson
3341:R. Taylor
3326:R. Taylor
3261:Trousdale
2733:, p. 282.
1791:nameplate
1721:brevetted
1679:John Bell
1618:Chronicle
1011:John Bell
932:immersion
914:In 1856,
729:John Bell
721:Locofocos
523:Doe River
411:carpentry
356:President
273:Signature
254:John Bell
235:Relations
114:In office
106:Tennessee
65:In office
55:17th
3919:Thompson
3909:Gore Jr.
3889:Kefauver
3799:Jarnagin
3779:Williams
3769:Campbell
3694:Gore Sr.
3689:McKellar
3644:Brownlow
3589:Campbell
3503:Category
3466:Bredesen
3416:Browning
3401:Browning
3346:McMillin
3331:Buchanan
3301:J. Brown
3291:Brownlow
3266:Campbell
3256:N. Brown
3251:A. Brown
2994:Archived
2779:Archived
2729:Temple,
2634:June 24,
2467:June 29,
2379:July 10,
1953:" (1858)
1797:The Whig
1777:titles:
1775:masthead
1745:Illinois
1624:nature.
1534:—
1528:Stephens
1434:Marshall
1404:powers.
1133:Columbus
1036:Register
781:nativist
756:Standard
533:and the
527:flatboat
509:Marriage
407:Abingdon
390:Virginia
323:and the
299:Brownlow
246:Children
241:(nephew)
217:American
3929:Hagerty
3914:Mathews
3894:Walters
3884:Stewart
3874:Bachman
3864:Brock I
3854:Shields
3844:Sanders
3834:Carmack
3774:Wharton
3737:Class 2
3679:Frazier
3649:Johnson
3634:Johnson
3562:Class 1
3446:Blanton
3431:Clement
3421:Clement
3376:Roberts
3351:Frazier
3316:Hawkins
3281:Johnson
3271:Johnson
3231:Carroll
3221:Houston
3216:Carroll
3021:at the
2984:at the
2502:1079125
1793:change)
1643:cholera
1457:Pulaski
1442:Fayette
1428:in the
1420:in the
1049:at the
1001:in 1861
952:Liberia
473:slander
3839:Taylor
3829:Turley
3824:Harris
3819:Cooper
3814:Fowler
3744:Blount
3714:Corker
3704:Sasser
3659:Bailey
3624:Turney
3619:Foster
3609:Grundy
3604:Foster
3599:Grundy
3471:Haslam
3411:McCord
3406:Cooper
3391:Horton
3366:Hooper
3336:Turney
3306:Porter
3296:Senter
3276:Harris
3236:Cannon
3211:McMinn
3206:Blount
3201:Sevier
3191:Sevier
2933:online
2921:; and
2907:
2872:
2860:online
2850:online
2814:
2566:
2500:
1929:(1862)
1921:(1856)
1913:(1856)
1910:Colors
1904:(1844)
1896:(1842)
1880:(1834)
1697:, and
1657:Family
1580:Legacy
1524:Toombs
1446:Tipton
1438:Coffee
1320:quorum
1121:Dayton
918:, the
402:Ulster
295:Parson
227:Spouse
192:, U.S.
175:, U.S.
3904:Baker
3879:Berry
3859:Tyson
3789:White
3759:Smith
3754:Cocke
3709:Frist
3629:Jones
3594:Eaton
3579:Smith
3569:Cocke
3311:Marks
3246:Jones
3196:Roane
3037:First
1870:Books
1757:Works
1675:Susan
1520:Davis
1270:prove
1179:Susan
1148:Susan
908:still
707:near
477:libel
258:James
250:Susan
104:from
3899:Bass
3869:Hull
3849:Webb
3804:Bell
3674:Bate
3513:List
3441:Dunn
3386:Peay
3321:Bate
3286:East
3241:Polk
3226:Hall
3179:list
2905:ISBN
2870:ISBN
2812:ISBN
2636:2023
2596:2017
2564:ISBN
2498:OCLC
2469:2023
2440:2023
2381:2022
2161:2017
1858:The
1770:Whig
1767:The
1594:Whig
1586:Whig
1547:Whig
1526:and
1444:and
1436:and
1424:and
1326:and
1226:Whig
1212:and
1081:and
1071:Whig
1059:Whig
1055:Whig
773:Whig
748:Whig
731:and
674:Whig
647:Whig
312:Whig
213:Whig
180:Died
156:Born
3684:Lea
3654:Key
3476:Lee
3371:Rye
3356:Cox
3012:at
2761:,"
2180:,"
2003:,"
1986:.
1397:sic
1251:by
1131:in
750:to
3946::
3126:,
2963:.
2882:,
2750:^
2709:^
2616:^
2535:^
2477:^
2460:.
2442:.
2388:^
2371:,
2347:^
2314:^
2296:^
2268:^
2243:^
2189:^
2169:^
2132:,
2012:^
1971:^
1693:,
1681:,
1677:,
1653:.
1522:,
1357:.
1334:.
1197:.
1189:,
1038:.
934:.
743:.
505:.
457:.
441:.
400:,
388:,
297:"
256:,
252:,
3547:e
3540:t
3533:v
3181:)
3177:(
3167:e
3160:t
3153:v
2969:.
2818:.
2638:.
2598:.
2572:.
2471:.
2163:.
1949:"
1890:)
1689:(
428:.
293:"
168:)
164:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
