22:
572:
622:
903:
359:
389:
1474:
124:
70:
42:
62:
30:
234:, the Iron Age hillfort immediately adjacent to the white horse may have played some part in the battle, but there is no evidence of this, and the 'fortress' referenced in Medieval texts is much more likely to have been the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Chippenham, which had been occupied by Guthram's Danes as their headquarters. Local legend asserts that the defeated Danes fled down the slopes to the springs that rise between the villages of
141:
111:, it is the oldest of several white horses carved in Wiltshire. It was restored in 1778, an action which may have obliterated another horse that had occupied the same slope. A contemporary engraving from around 1772 appears to show a horse facing in the opposite direction that was rather smaller than the present figure. There is, however, no documentation or other evidence for the existence of a chalk horse at Westbury before 1772.
50:
415:. After the words were removed, the horse was noticeably grey with a white horizontal strip where the message had been. In November 2006, the horse was repaired and repainted again. The newly whitened horse was illuminated on the night the repairs were finished, by Second World War searchlights, as in 1950.
407:
In 1957 the horse was concreted over and painted white by
Westbury Urban District Council, in an attempt to save on long-term maintenance costs, as the chalk of the face was eroding and unstable, due to the steepness of the slope. Since then, the concrete has tended to turn grey and deteriorate over
252:
According to local tradition, the current white horse was cut in 1778 by a Mr Gee, who overlaid a smaller, older chalk figure, believed to also have been a horse, the only surviving image of which dates to 1772, and shows a figure facing the other way with a long tail. During the 19th and early 20th
242:(after which the battle was named), and the slopes on which the white horse is located. Again, according to local legend, many exhausted Danes were massacred in the woods and boggy ground there by pursuing Saxons, the survivors fleeing north-eastwards, pursued by Alfred's men all the way to
370:
By 1872 the horse was considered to have lost its shape, by the chalk repeatedly growing over and being re-cut. In 1873 it was remodelled by a committee, and at the same time substantial edging-stones were added all around the perimeter, to prevent the shape from changing again.
469:
by up to 18 volunteer abseilers. The cost was given as £3,000, paid for by
Westbury Town Council. It stated that the previous clean was in 2016. In July 2023 the horse was cleaned, repainted and repaired again, with water used to clean off algae and dirt in a project funded by
438:
to the White Horse
Country Park beneath the horse in 2012, the horse has been illuminated at night whilst the festival has been taking place. This is achieved via a tinted spotlight which changes colour every couple of seconds, so the horse appears different colours.
114:
The horse is 180 ft (55 m) tall and 170 ft (52 m) wide and has been adopted as a symbol for the town of
Westbury, appearing on welcome signs and the logo of its tourist information centre. It is also considered a symbol for Wiltshire as a whole.
246:. However, there are some who dispute this account and believe this key battle was fought elsewhere, as there is very little real evidence either way, it remains contested, although the majority agree the vicinity of Edington is the most likely, and logical site.
201:
in 878, and while this is quite plausible, there is no trace of such a legend before the second half of the 18th century. Perhaps more believable is a theory that it was created at a much later date to commemorate this early "English victory", particularly as
217:
on the high ground, somewhere within a few kilometres of the white horse, which would have been a strong defensive position for Alfred and the Saxons of Wessex, marching north-east from Egbert's Stone (popularly believed to be located at
767:
695:
and White Horse
Country Park outside Westbury. The horse overlooks both parks. White Horse Way is also a name of a street in Westbury, and the town's visitor centre features the horse in its logo, as does its golf club.
418:
In July 2010, the neck of the horse was vandalised when the word "wonkey" was written across it. This part of the neck had to be re-whitened in 2010, leading to the horse having a whiter neck than the rest of the body.
272:. Unlike the recorded history of Westbury, documents as early as the eleventh century refer to the "White Horse Hill" at Uffington ("mons albi equi"), and archaeological work has dated the Uffington White Horse to the
563:" of their corner of West Wiltshire, although many residents felt that Westbury, as the only town on the A350 without a bypass and whose medieval heart was blighted by pollution and HGVs needed a bypass.
591:. The monument does not have an official name but is known as the Battle of Ethandun memorial. It consists of a large sarsen stone (stone of remembrance) with a pebbled base, on which lies a metal
458:
was placed to the side of the road on the top of the hill leading to the car park on 3 June 2002, that resembles the millennium beacons. It is lit to mark occasions such as the 70th anniversary of
934:
249:
A local site, just to the north-east of the white horse is
Luccombe Vale, which has a locally famed 'bloodstone' said to be connected with the massacre of Danish prisoners after the battle.
408:
time, requiring regular cleaning, as well as periodic repairs and repainting. It was thoroughly cleaned in 1993 and in 1995, the concrete facing from 1957 was replaced and repainted.
1063:
317:, and it is argued by some scholars that Westbury White Horse may have first been carved in the early 18th century as a symbol of loyalty to the new Protestant reigning house.
529:
on
Bratton Road (B3098) which passes beneath the horse is known as Westbury White Horse Viewing Area. It has fifteen parking spaces and information boards on the horse.
768:"Folk horror from Wiltshire: The Blood Stone at Luccombe Spring, starving out the Vikings at Bratton Camp, the White Horse of Westbury and the nature of folklore"
884:
422:
The BBC reported that the horse was to be cleaned again in 2012. Work began on 11 April 2012 and was completed on 19 April 2012. The cleaning coincided with the
555:
revealed plans for a potential three-lane bypass that would run within half a mile of the horse, with a 35-acre (14 ha) business park and 550 new homes on
1735:
942:
1369:
404:
in East Sussex, which until 1983, when it was changed from a standing position to a prancing position, was visually similar to the
Westbury horse.
1725:
548:
radio broadcast in 2011. The chimney was the most prominent feature of the view from the horse; some considered it to spoil views from the hill.
1146:
442:
Two visitor information signs, on the hill above the horse and in the viewing area car park, were placed in 1999 following the completion of
1128:
381:
The horse was illuminated at night in 1900 and again in 1950, both times using army equipment. For the 1950 event, which used World War Two
193:
Although it is the oldest of the
Wiltshire white horses, the origin of Westbury White Horse is obscure. It is often claimed to commemorate
1165:
1227:
510:
can both be viewed. The horse itself cannot be seen from other hill figures. Two of the furthest views of the horse are said to be from
1715:
1081:
1710:
1672:
916:
298:
invaders into
England, are said to have fought under a white horse standard (a claim recalled in the heraldic badge of the county of
411:
In 2003, the horse was vandalised when "Stop This War" was written in yellow across the horse in capital letters in protest of the
450:
dated 1968, mounted on a small stone structure, which identifies the towns and cities that can be seen from the hillside. For the
1006:
Westbury White Horse. The construction in the foreground is a signpost erected by pupils of Adcroft School of Building in 1968.
335:
debunked the suggested connection of the White Horse with Alfred and the Battle of Ethandune. Paul Newman suggests in his book
1027:
1720:
1420:
1336:
Bridewell is pronounced locally as if it is spelt "Briddle", and as such, the springs are also known as the Briddle Springs.
1312:
158:
451:
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21:
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162:
131:, which may have inspired Westbury White Horse soon after the Hanoverian dynasty inherited the British throne.
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350:
church clock strikes midnight, the white horse goes down to the Bridewell Springs, below the hill, to drink.
1740:
1004:
684:. Furthermore, it featured in a 2015 Visit England tourist advertisement produced in association with the
571:
430:. Celebrating the completion of the work, again the horse was lit up with searchlights. Since the annual
378:
from using it for navigation. Nearby Westbury was considered to be a potential target as a railway hub.
287:
1642:
502:
can be seen clearly to the west, particularly at night. From the top of the horse and Bratton Castle,
1413:
621:
609:, is the best known monument that was definitely built to celebrate King Alfred and his victory. The
540:
and the chimney was last used in 2010: it was demolished on 18 September 2016. Some considered it an
902:
1652:
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677:
536:
cement works about a mile and a half from the horse. The Blue Circle company was bought in 2001 by
507:
482:
The Horse can be viewed from up to 16–17 miles (26–27 km) in all directions. From the horse,
1657:
1599:
1528:
722:
151:
73:
Westbury White Horse in 1772 (Top) and as re-cut in 1778 (Bottom) as illustrated by Plenderleath.
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nearby), whilst facing the Danes led by Guthram, advancing south-west from their stronghold in
223:
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385:, traffic in Westbury and Bratton came almost to a standstill as drivers slowed down to look.
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128:
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1349:
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717:
680:", and is featured in the current opening titles of the regional television news programme
592:
310:
792:
703:(1903–1942) in his watercolour paintings "Train Landscape" and "The Westbury Horse" 1939.
8:
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land. Some local residents, together with many from outside the town, were against the "
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had a very strong following in England from the 17th century onwards, see for example
1443:
638:
552:
537:
446:; the signs show all eight Wiltshire White Horses. Also on the side of the hill is a
219:
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1473:
1317:
1307:
1208:
840:
660:
656:
596:
471:
466:
332:
314:
276:, although it is not certain that it was originally intended to represent a horse.
1129:"Wiltshire's oldest white horse gets a belated spring clean from English Heritage"
1609:
423:
89:
1191:"BBC Wiltshire – Matthew Smith, Westbury cement works chimney: eyesore or icon?"
1064:"Westbury's White Horse to mark 70th anniversary of VE Day with beacon lighting"
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During the Second World War, the chalk of the horse was turfed over to prevent
363:
325:
231:
34:
1704:
1584:
1458:
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1371:
587:, an official monument to the victory was erected atop the hill, adjacent to
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101:
54:
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613:
tower was erected in 1772, six years before the white horse was redesigned.
1589:
1574:
1453:
1045:
588:
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295:
1285:
Further Observations on the White Horse and other Antiquities in Berkshire
1429:
1313:
The White (ish) Horse at ThisisWestbury.co.uk, Westbury's history website
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533:
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BBC News had a video in June 2018 showing the horse being cleaned with
273:
243:
227:
165: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
41:
809:
Illtyd Trethowan, 'Alfred and the Great White Horse of Wiltshire', in
1263:
673:
659:, as the place where the sapper Kip learned how to deactivate bombs.
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61:
29:
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526:
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105:
474:. The cost was not made public, but the paint alone cost £25,000.
339:(2009) that the horse may have been inspired by the popularity of
1667:
672:
The figure can be seen in the music video for Scottish guitarist
560:
541:
519:
400:
In 1928, the horse was used as inspiration for the design of the
291:
1228:"Council planners want to ruin Westbury White Horse with bypass"
544:
whilst others considered it a local icon, a debate covered by a
1398:
1361:
Walking the White Horses: Wiltshire's White Horse Trail on Foot
629:
The White Horse was referenced in G. K. Chesterton's epic poem
459:
455:
283:
691:
The horse lends its name to White Horse Business Park outside
532:
In 1961 a 400-foot-tall (122 m) chimney was built at the
49:
750:"Wiltshire White Horses: The Westbury or Bratton white horse"
610:
340:
253:
Centuries the figure was periodically reshaped and repaired.
213:
Historians have generally located the battle of Ethandun or
299:
260:, featured in King Alfred's early life. He was born in the
1166:"Westbury chimney: Emotions run high following demolition"
864:
986:"Westbury's greying hillside white horse to be repainted"
935:"Graffiti on Westbury White Horse | Westbury People"
917:"BBC – Wiltshire – In Pictures: Westbury White Horse Lit"
965:"Westbury white horse to be cleaned for Queen's Jubilee"
873:
at wiltshirewhitehorses.org.uk, accessed 10 October 2016
843:
at wiltshirewhitehorses.org.uk, accessed 10 October 2016
33:
An autumnal view of Westbury White Horse on the edge of
1100:"Abseilers start work on cleaning Westbury White Horse"
551:
The landscape of the horse was threatened in 2013 when
787:
785:
783:
781:
65:
The horse in 2012 less than 4 years after restoration
25:
Paragliding above Westbury White Horse (August 2007)
778:
595:. The monument was unveiled 5 November 2000 by the
579:Although the horse is only presumed to commemorate
279:A white horse war standard was associated with the
1082:"Westbury giant white hillside horse gets a scrub"
294:and Horsa who, according to legend, led the first
92:, approximately 1.5 mi (2.4 km) east of
885:"The White Horse near Litlington: A Further Note"
1702:
1025:
346:Wiltshire folklore has it that when the nearby
1308:Westbury White Horse at Wiltshire White Horses
1225:
871:Wiltshire White Horses: lighting up the horses
566:
309:was a heraldic symbol associated with the new
1414:
322:Alfred and the Great White Horse of Wiltshire
980:
978:
663:mentioned it as one of the inspirations for
1736:Buildings and structures completed in 1778
1421:
1407:
1246:"War Memorial: Battle Of Ethandun (45340)"
975:
181:Learn how and when to remove this message
1028:"World to light beacons to honour Queen"
620:
570:
396:was designed on the Westbury White Horse
387:
357:
122:
68:
60:
48:
40:
28:
20:
1354:The White Horses of the West of England
1163:
1123:
1121:
1002:
882:
876:
1726:White horses (hill figures) in England
1703:
744:
742:
1402:
1164:Mackley, Stefan (18 September 2016).
616:
1118:
452:Golden Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II
163:adding citations to reliable sources
134:
57:before the surface treatment of 2007
1302:White Horses and Other Hill Figures
1295:White Horses of the West of England
841:The Westbury or Bratton white horse
739:
256:Another hillside chalk figure, the
13:
834:
100:, England. Located on the edge of
45:Seen from White Horse Viewing Area
14:
1752:
1716:Archaeological sites in Wiltshire
1605:South San Francisco hillside sign
1356:(London: Allen & Storr, 1892)
892:Sussex Archaeological Collections
713:List of hill figures in Wiltshire
699:The horse was depicted by artist
353:
1711:Tourist attractions in Wiltshire
1472:
1428:
1226:James Fielding (4 August 2013).
901:
230:. It is popularly believed that
139:
1580:Effigy Mounds National Monument
1343:
1256:
1238:
1219:
1201:
1183:
1157:
1147:"Country parks and open spaces"
1139:
1092:
1074:
1056:
1038:
1026:Caroline Davies (22 May 2002).
1019:
996:
957:
927:
909:
754:www.wiltshirewhitehorses.org.uk
343:buildings in the 18th century.
150:needs additional citations for
1330:
1003:Gittins, Roger (19 May 2009),
846:
816:
803:
760:
514:in Bath and from the tower of
1:
733:
631:The Ballad of the White Horse
490:can be closely observed. The
53:Viewed from near the edge of
1721:Protected areas of Wiltshire
7:
1213:wiltshirewhitehorses.org.uk
828:wiltshirewhitehorses.org.uk
706:
645:(1980) by Caribbean author
575:Battle of Ethandun Memorial
567:Battle of Ethandun memorial
516:St Michael's Church, Dundry
10:
1757:
118:
1690:Hill figures in Wiltshire
1618:
1562:
1481:
1470:
1436:
1318:Wiltshire Web information
1264:"WESTBURY GOLF CLUB HOME"
1046:"Beacons blaze across UK"
625:The Edward Street mosaic.
305:During the 18th century,
1489:Alton Barnes White Horse
1350:Plenderleath, Rev. W. C.
1323:
1297:(1885, 2nd edition 1892)
1209:"Wiltshire White Horses"
939:www.westburypeople.co.uk
824:"Wiltshire White Horses"
508:Alton Barnes White Horse
477:
467:high pressure water jets
104:and lying just below an
1600:Shoreham Memorial Cross
1529:Marlborough White Horse
1283:Reverend Francis Wise,
883:Marsden, Fiona (1986).
723:Marlborough White Horse
1524:Litlington White Horse
1509:Folkestone White Horse
1494:Broad Town White Horse
1449:Long Man of Wilmington
858:Wiltshire Hill Figures
854:"Westbury White Horse"
793:"Westbury White Horse"
728:Litlington White Horse
626:
576:
402:Litlington White Horse
397:
394:Litlington White Horse
367:
132:
74:
66:
58:
46:
38:
26:
16:Hill figure in England
1549:Uffington White Horse
1534:Osmington White Horse
682:ITV News West Country
633:(1911) and the books
624:
574:
432:Village Pump Festival
391:
361:
290:, and the figures of
258:Uffington White Horse
129:Electorate of Hanover
126:
88:on the escarpment of
72:
64:
52:
44:
32:
24:
1731:History of Wiltshire
1554:Westbury White Horse
1499:Cherhill White Horse
1385:51.26361°N 2.14694°W
1291:William Plenderleath
1250:Imperial War Museums
718:Cherhill White Horse
597:7th Marquess of Bath
593:commemorative plaque
311:British royal family
159:improve this article
78:Westbury White Horse
1741:Westbury, Wiltshire
1519:Kilburn White Horse
1514:Hackpen White Horse
1504:Devizes White Horse
1381: /
1197:. 6 September 2011.
1052:. 31 December 1999.
1032:The Daily Telegraph
774:. 18 February 2018.
652:The English Patient
649:, and in the novel
603:King Alfred's Tower
504:Devizes White Horse
444:Devizes White Horse
436:Farleigh Hungerford
337:Lost Gods of Albion
262:Vale of White Horse
224:King Alfred's Tower
208:King Alfred's Tower
82:Bratton White Horse
1595:Paracas Candelabra
1544:Red Horse of Tysoe
1539:Pewsey White Horse
1390:51.26361; -2.14694
1268:WESTBURY GOLF CLUB
945:on 22 January 2015
686:England rugby team
666:The Butterfly Lion
627:
617:In popular culture
585:Battle of Ethandun
583:'s victory at the
577:
428:Queen Elizabeth II
398:
368:
199:Battle of Ethandun
197:'s victory at the
133:
75:
67:
59:
47:
39:
27:
1698:
1697:
1444:Cerne Abbas Giant
1151:Wiltshire Council
639:Thomas B. Costain
553:Wiltshire Council
220:Kingston Deverill
191:
190:
183:
1748:
1648:Hillside letters
1643:White Horse Flag
1476:
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1070:. 30 April 2015.
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941:. Archived from
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813:vol. LVII (1939)
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746:
676:'s 1996 single "
661:Michael Morpurgo
657:Michael Ondaatje
512:Beckford's Tower
472:English Heritage
333:Illtyd Trethowan
315:House of Hanover
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1359:Clensy, David,
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1170:Wiltshire Times
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1088:. 24 June 2018.
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1068:Wiltshire Times
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971:. 7 March 2012.
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811:Downside Review
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797:www.hows.org.uk
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748:
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462:on 8 May 2015.
424:Diamond Jubilee
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307:the white horse
264:, not far from
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90:Salisbury Plain
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1678:Platte Mound M
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1570:Battalion Park
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1575:Bulford Kiwi
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171:January 2018
168:
157:Please help
152:verification
149:
127:Flag of the
113:
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1663:The Big "C"
1619:Related art
1388: /
1376:002°08′49″W
1278:Works cited
1133:www.itv.com
1110:23 February
635:The Tontine
581:King Alfred
534:Blue Circle
434:moved from
296:Anglo-Saxon
281:continental
270:Oxfordshire
204:King Alfred
195:King Alfred
86:hill figure
1705:Categories
1683:Y Mountain
1464:Marree Man
1454:Firle Corn
1373:51°15′49″N
949:13 January
734:References
693:Trowbridge
655:(1992) by
637:(1955) by
557:green belt
488:Trowbridge
274:Bronze Age
244:Chippenham
228:Chippenham
921:bbc.co.uk
674:Midge Ure
607:Stourhead
454:, a fire
448:toposcope
288:Dark Ages
266:Uffington
109:hill fort
98:Wiltshire
1636:Land art
1631:Rock art
1626:Geoglyph
1437:Humanoid
1104:BBC News
1086:BBC News
1050:BBC News
990:BBC News
969:BBC News
707:See also
527:car park
500:Somerset
484:Westbury
413:Iraq War
240:Edington
215:Edington
106:Iron Age
94:Westbury
1673:The "P"
1668:Block U
1658:The "A"
678:Breathe
605:, near
542:eyesore
538:Lafarge
520:Bristol
494:on the
348:Bratton
292:Hengest
286:in the
236:Bratton
119:Origins
1482:Horses
1363:(2023)
1304:(1949)
1287:(1742)
460:VE Day
456:beacon
366:, 1939
313:, the
284:Saxons
1563:Other
1324:Notes
888:(PDF)
611:folly
518:near
478:Views
341:folly
328:monk
84:is a
1653:List
1177:2016
1112:2024
1014:2016
951:2022
506:and
486:and
392:The
300:Kent
238:and
1195:BBC
896:124
498:in
426:of
330:Dom
320:In
302:).
268:in
222:or
161:by
96:in
80:or
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169:(
155:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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