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those developed by the states. Brownlow asked to appear before the
Veterans Board for five minutes to present his proposal. He told the Board members of the thousands of men in the South and particularly in the First District of Tennessee that risked their lives and fortunes supporting the Union. Brownlow stated that the federal government had recently approved a large sum of money for the establishment of a prison at Atlanta so that southern prisoners would not suffer the rigors of the cold and unfamiliar northern climate. Brownlow concluded his argument with the point that the old soldiers were certainly entitled to as much consideration as were convicts. At the end of his plea, the Board informed him that the members unanimously endorsed his plan for a million-dollar appropriation.
417:
493:, and inserted a request in the 1907 appropriations bill for improvements to the cemetery. When a northern representative attempted to remove the request, Brownlow launched into a tirade. He argued that his district "furnished more soldiers to the Union service during the dark days of the rebellion than any Congressional district in the United States," and praised Johnson as "the greatest patriot of the civil war." Following this speech, the funding request was restored to the bill.
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31:
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In securing passage of his proposal for the
Soldiers Home, Brownlow encountered numerous difficulties. At first, the Congressionally-appointed board governing veterans benefits refused to hear him, stating that the policy was to discourage homes established by the federal government and support only
444:
called for an investigation into
Brownlow's tactics. After Evans defeated the Brownlow-backed candidate, T. Asbury Wright, for the 1906 gubernatorial nomination, Brownlow ruthlessly assailed both Evans and Sanders, alienating still more supporters, and allowing the Evans block to regain control of
424:
By 1900, Brownlow effectively controlled the
Tennessee Republican Party. At the state party convention in Nashville that year, Brownlow was elected chairman, and his allies on the committee granted him the power to reject any candidate for office. Outraged, Evans and his supporters marched out of
452:
in the general election, Sanders assumed control of his political block, and managed to have several political allies appointed to postmaster positions across the state. In 1908, though he was weakened considerably by illness, Brownlow attempted to regain control of the state party. His friend,
504:, by an Act of Congress dated January 28, 1901. Forty years after the Civil War, the "Soldiers Home" was developed on an unprecedented scale and modeled after the European tradition of institutions providing care for disabled soldiers of Europe's numerous wars during the 18th and 19th centuries.
473:
Brownlow's 1902 proposal for a "Bureau of Public Roads" was the first bill initiated in
Congress for a unified system of national, state and local roads. Though the bill failed to pass, it helped lay the groundwork for what eventually become the Bureau of Public Roads (now the
549:, Walter Brownlow once stated, "The best legislator is the one who votes for all appropriations and against all taxes." He also once expressed frustration with the patronage system, stating, "Every job I get for a man nets me one ingrate and twelve enemies."
314:, his future political ally. Brownlow worked as superintendent of the Senate's folding room, where Senate documents were processed and distributed to the public, from 1885 to 1893. After leaving this position, he briefly worked in the office of Congressman
254:, the son of Joseph and Mary (Barr) Brownlow. He attended common schools for three years until his father's death in 1861. Needing to earn a living, he worked as a telegraph messenger boy. At the age of 13, during the Civil War, he attempted to join the
330:
before finally withdrawing his name, allowing
Anderson to win on the 144th ballot. In 1896, he again sought the nomination in a three-way race with Anderson and W.E.F. Milburn. Unlike the 1894 campaign, candidates for the 1896 election were chosen in a
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was nominated over his preferred candidate, Alfred Taylor, for the party's gubernatorial candidate, Hooper was generally viewed as being neutral in the factional fighting, and was on good terms with the
Brownlow faction.
429:, but Brownlow's were awarded most of the state's seats. Brownlow easily beat back a primary challenge from Judge H. Tyler Campbell that year. John E. McCall, a Brownlow ally, was the party's nominee for governor.
405:. Brownlow's relationship with Hanna and McKinley would prove key in helping him obtain and distribute federal patronage during the late 1890s. In 1897, the newly elected McKinley considered appointing Evans
354:(the quarrel primarily involved the distribution of federal patronage). This feud continued throughout Brownlow's congressional career (and for several years after his death). Brownlow's supporters included
523:, two lakes, and numerous other amenities all within a park-like setting that was a tribute to landscape architecture of that era. Today, the campus houses a major Veterans Affairs Center as well as the
432:
Brownlow's hold on the party showed signs of breaking in 1904, when his candidate, Austin, was defeated by the Evans-backed candidate, Hale, for the open seat of retiring 2nd district congressman
591:
335:, which Brownlow won, capturing 8,843 votes to 6,590 for Milburn and 5,448 for Anderson. In the general election, he defeated the Democratic candidate, Lacey Lawrence, 25,075 to 13,916.
213:
from 1897 until his death in 1910. He is remembered for obtaining large federal appropriations for his district, as well as for his intraparty political battles with
Chattanoogans
378:. His cousins, the children and grandchildren of his famous uncle, remained influential in the Knoxville area. Evans' supporters included Chattanooga businessman
457:. The Sanders faction sent its own group of delegates, however, and they were awarded the state's seats after the national committee learned of Oliver's actions.
303:
226:
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instead, in part due to
Brownlow's opposition to Evans. After Evans was appointed Commissioner of Pensions, Brownlow tried unsuccessfully to have him fired.
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the state party. Popular former congressman Alfred A. Taylor ran against
Brownlow as an independent in the 1st district, but Brownlow was easily reelected.
393:, Brownlow and Austin helped thwart Evans' bid for the vice presidential nomination. Outmaneuvering Evans, Brownlow was elected the state's delegate to the
1013:
988:
Walter P. Brownlow, late a representative from Tennessee, Memorial addresses delivered in the House of Representatives and Senate frontispiece 1911
453:
William J. Oliver, led an armed mob to Nashville, took control of the state party convention, and had Brownlow allies elected as delegates to the
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Brownlow first ran for the 1st district congressional seat in 1894. At the state party's convention, he was deadlocked for the nomination with
901:
888:
350:
By the mid-1890s, the Tennessee Republican Party had divided into two quarreling factions, one led by Brownlow, the other led by ex-Congressman
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Brownlow married Clayetta Ashland Holbach in 1870, and they had six children, five of whom lived into adulthood: three daughters and two sons.
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54:
658:," House of Representatives Documents: 61st Congress, 3rd Session (December 5, 1910 - March 4, 1911), Volume 121 (1911), pp. 40-50.
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Brownlow died at the National Soldiers’ Home (where he had an apartment) in Johnson City on July 8, 1910, at the age of 59. He is
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277:(and at the time co-owned by his uncle). He generally covered political campaigns that year, namely the canvasses of
375:
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Though a champion of Southern Unionist causes, Brownlow delivered a memorial address on the House floor for Senator
511:
Situated on a 450-acre (1.8 km) campus, the National Soldiers Home included a hospital, lodging for over 3,000
496:
Arguably the most lasting accomplishment of Brownlow's career was the establishment of the "Mountain Branch" of the
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National Historic Landmark Nomination for Mountain Branch, National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers
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538:, who had been one of his uncle's bitterest enemies during the Civil War. He did likewise for Senator
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310:(1881–1883), a position which controlled entry to the House floor. His Assistant Doorkeeper was
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the convention, and held a rival convention across town. Both conventions sent delegates to the
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Autobiographies and Portraits of the President, Cabinet, Supreme Court, and Fifty-fifth Congress
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In 1910, Brownlow was renominated for his congressional seat. Although Sanders-backed
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Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
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In 1906, Brownlow secured the establishment of a national cemetery for President
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205:(March 27, 1851 – July 8, 1910) was an American politician who represented
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The Lost Cause That Wasn't: East Tennessee and the Myth of Unionist Appalachia
680:, 1887. Transcribed for TNGenWeb by Louise Jackson. Retrieved: 19 August 2013.
436:. Numerous state Republicans grew weary of Brownlow's control of the party.
1042:
461:
410:
266:, and later worked as an engineer on the Rogersville and Jefferson Railroad.
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accused Brownlow of using questionable means to pack state conventions, and
838:
The American Highway: The History and Culture of Roads in the United States
437:
398:
255:
238:
Brownlow was a nephew of Tennessee's radical post-Civil War governor,
50:
527:. On June 30, 2011, the National Soldiers' Home campus was named a
592:
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)
678:
Goodspeed's Biographical Sketches of Washington County, Tennessee
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259:
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East Tennessee State University College of Medicine and Pharmacy
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30:
273:, a newspaper that had been founded by his uncle's protégé,
291:, which he would publish and edit until his death in 1910.
225:. Along with his congressional tenure, Brownlow served as
516:
304:
Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives
227:
Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives
976:
Johnson's Depot: The History of Johnson City, Tennessee
740:(Franklin, Tenn.: Hillsboro Press, 2000), pp. 223-224.
715:. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
693:. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1018:
859:
Reconstructing Appalachia: The Civil War's Aftermath
321:
346:
in April 1896, following Brownlow's primary victory
904:" (Government Printing Office, 1907), pp. 113-118.
891:" (Government Printing Office, 1898), pp. 105-115.
401:, the campaign manager for presidential candidate
269:In 1876, Brownlow was hired as a reporter by the
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623:, 30 May 2008, p. 25. Retrieved: 18 August 2013.
468:
302:, in 1881. In December 1881, he was appointed
915:Respectfully Quote: A Dictionary of Quotations
872:Mountain Home Now a National Historic Landmark
861:(University Press of Kentucky, 2010), p. 314.
498:National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers
1079:Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
1014:U.S. House of Representatives
931:(University of Chicago Press, 1958), p. 163.
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656:Memorial Address for Representative Brownlow
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918:(Courier Dover Publications, 2010), p. 62.
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902:Memorial Address for William Brimage Bate
878:, 1 July 2011. Retrieved: 18 August 2013.
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542:, a former Confederate general, in 1907.
45:U.S. House of Representatives
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1074:American newspaper publishers (people)
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645:, Volume 1 (The Neale Company, 1899).
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285:. In October 1876, he purchased the
229:from 1881 to 1883, and published the
68:March 4, 1897 – July 8, 1910
1099:19th-century American businesspeople
967:Works by or about Walter P. Brownlow
889:Memorial Address for Isham G. Harris
626:
1064:People from Jonesborough, Tennessee
1059:Politicians from Abingdon, Virginia
844:
455:1908 Republican National Convention
427:1900 Republican National Convention
391:1896 Republican National Convention
296:1880 Republican National Convention
13:
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478:), which was established with the
420:Congressman Brownlow, c. 1897
342:Illustration that appeared in the
298:, and was appointed postmaster at
160:Clayetta Ashland Holbach (m. 1870)
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322:Congress and state party politics
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571:Mountain Home National Cemetery
294:Brownlow was a delegate to the
824:Tennessee: A Political History
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782:Tennessee: A Political History
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756:Tennessee: A Political History
738:Tennessee: A Political History
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476:Federal Highway Administration
1:
1025:March 4, 1897 - July 8, 1910
1012:Member of the
997:U.S. House of Representatives
597:
469:Congressional accomplishments
395:Republican National Committee
245:
211:U.S. House of Representatives
480:Federal Aid Road Act of 1916
366:, and Knoxville businessmen
344:Jonesboro Herald and Tribune
288:Jonesboro Herald and Tribune
271:Knoxville Whig and Chronicle
232:Jonesboro Herald and Tribune
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10:
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529:National Historic Landmark
221:over control of the state
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944:. The Political Graveyard
841:(McFarland, 2000), p. 28.
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587:Federal-Aid Highway Act
545:According to a cousin,
502:Johnson City, Tennessee
300:Jonesborough, Tennessee
203:Walter Preston Brownlow
140:Johnson City, Tennessee
421:
397:, where he befriended
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264:Rogersville, Tennessee
1069:Tennessee postmasters
900:Walter P. Brownlow, "
887:Walter P. Brownlow, "
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341:
279:Augustus H. Pettibone
250:Brownlow was born in
942:"Walter P. Brownlow"
691:"Walter P. Brownlow"
654:Richard W. Austin, "
450:Malcolm R. Patterson
1006:William C. Anderson
835:William Kaszynski,
713:"Richard W. Austin"
235:from 1876 to 1910.
169:William G. Brownlow
79:William C. Anderson
16:American politician
981:2005-10-26 at the
876:Johnson City Press
736:Phillip Langsdon,
674:Walter P. Brownlow
513:American Civil War
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407:postmaster general
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252:Abingdon, Virginia
119:Abingdon, Virginia
23:Walter P. Brownlow
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1031:Zachary D. Massey
1028:Succeeded by
577:marks his grave.
376:William J. Oliver
368:Edward J. Sanford
356:Richard W. Austin
312:Richard W. Austin
283:Emerson Etheridge
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174:James P. Brownlow
91:Zachary D. Massey
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86:Succeeded by
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1054:1910 deaths
1049:1851 births
491:Greeneville
74:Preceded by
1043:Categories
853:Tom Lee, "
822:Langsdon,
809:Langsdon,
796:Langsdon,
780:Langsdon,
767:Langsdon,
754:Langsdon,
598:References
399:Mark Hanna
256:Union Army
246:Early life
189:Profession
151:Republican
133:1910-07-09
113:1851-03-27
813:, p. 251.
784:, p. 240.
262:trade in
165:Relations
64:In office
51:Tennessee
979:Archived
948:29 April
697:29 April
581:See also
567:interred
306:for the
181:Children
176:(cousin)
57:district
969:at the
575:obelisk
569:at the
389:At the
333:primary
260:tinning
209:in the
171:(uncle)
131: (
111: (
1017:from
553:Family
157:Spouse
719:1 May
561:Death
500:near
49:from
950:2013
721:2013
699:2013
519:, a
374:and
281:and
217:and
142:, US
126:Died
121:, US
106:Born
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517:zoo
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
