Visual kei - Knowledge

1519: 368:, "but it simply felt... too cheap... Even though X Japan was a big band and people used the term 'Okeshou kei' to describe them, the term was still lacking substance, I didn't like the term at all! Because of this, I tried to remind all the writers to not use this term as 'They are not okeshou kei, they are visual-shock kei'. From there, it went from 'Visual-shock kei' to 'Visual-kei' to 'V-kei'. After we spread the word, fans naturally abbreviated it to 'V-kei'. The Japanese love to abbreviate everything as a matter of fact." Hoshiko considers visual kei a distinctive Japanese music genre and defined it "as the music itself along with all the visual aspects of it." 1579: 1325:(Dead End), they "sublimated each other" inventing something new, but the younger generation is more imitative. He proposed that from Morrie's perspective this probably appears to be a "copy of his copy's copy". In the same interview, Morrie added that the problem with new visual kei bands is that "they're established as a genre... well, there's probably a part of it that's business-wise, but it wouldn't be fun if it got stiff. I would like to see people who are trying to break through that area. It doesn't matter how good you are, whether you're doing it on the visual kei route or not, it's something fundamental." 1504: 1549: 1534: 1564: 1614: 1353: 1598: 460: 971: 703: 3775:

but a poetic one, artistic, with painstaking attention to detail,' Yun explains. She points out that "visual kei" literally translates as "visual style" and spans a wide range of musical genres.; Musically, it can be anything: American rock, British punk, glam, metal, Euro-pop, techno, new wave, electronica," explains Yun. "Visually, the influences are diverse as well: traditional Japanese dress, S&M outfits, costumes made of vinyl, leather, lace, plastic...you name it."

6469: 4143:...visual-kei, where peacockish fashion far overshadows any definitive sound.; To be honest, when we first started and we were wearing a lot of makeup on stage and stuff, there were a lot of bands doing that at the time in Japan and people thought it was cool. But not anymore, ha ha. The music was so unique, too – bands like X Japan. At that time, there weren't any two bands that sounded alike; these days everyone sounds exactly the same 722:. They gained mainstream awareness, although they were not as commercially successful, except for L'Arc-en-Ciel and Glay whose later huge success was accompanied by a drastic change in their appearance and are often not associated with visual kei. Around 1995, visual kei bands experienced a booming success in the general population, which lasted for four years. According to Pfeifle, the third transition era began by bands such as 830: 4455: 852:. The difference between the first and second generation is that the second; has no straightforward music style, ranging from metal to pop, but still seemingly focused on heavy rock genres; the fashion and gender ambiguities are of central importance. Although economically not very significant in the Japanese music market, it became the first Japanese music to succeed on an international scale. 2685:...a fleeting genre known to fans as 'Visual Kei'. Nonetheless, this fusion of metal, punk and gothic aesthetics ignited at least two generations of followers with its shocking visual appeal...; 'Visual Kei' as a genre has more or less expired since the late '90s. The music that derived from the scene has transformed and visual bands have generally subdued their appearance. 1313:) commented in 2009 that "back in the day, there were bands, but people would try to do things differently. Nowadays, there's one band and everyone copies off of them," with Free-Will founder and Color frontman Tommy concluding with "I don't think our breed of visual kei exists anymore." In 2013, Kiyoharu (Kuroyume, Sads) said that although he, 895:, Luna Sea performed a one-off performance and X Japan officially reunited with a new single and a world tour. With these developments, visual kei bands enjoyed a boost in public awareness, with acts formed around 2004 having been described by some media as "neo-visual kei". From this generation the subgenre "oshare kei" 2813:

For visual kei bands, outrageous, usually androgynous looks – gobs of makeup, hair dyed and sprayed in ways that made Mohawks look conservative and a small fortune spent on leather and jewellery – were as important as music (or, in many cases after X, more important than music).; To a certain extent,

1297:(Pierrot, Angelo) said "now it's more like people are dressing up a certain way because they want to be visual kei or look visual kei. They are doing it to look like others instead of doing it to look different. This is obviously very different from when we started out more than ten years ago," while 3869:

Well I still don't think "visual kei" is a name for a genre; I see it as a bigger picture, as a part of rock. The visual aspect is something for a band to set themselves apart from others, at least that's what it was ten years ago. Now it's more like people are dressing up a certain way because they

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Josephine Yun, author of the book Jrock, Ink., explains that visual kei originated in the late 1970s and early 1980s as Japan's rock scene began cultivating its own identity. 'It was rock 'n roll, punk rock, glam and metal with a twist – a twist just as angry and rebellious as what came before it –

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Although almost from the newer generation himself, Dir En Grey bassist Toshiya said in 2010 "to be honest, when we first started and we were wearing a lot of makeup on stage and stuff, there were a lot of bands doing that at the time in Japan and people thought it was cool. But not anymore, ha ha."

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Visual Kei is exactly as it sounds: Rock music that incorporates visual effects and elaborate costumes to heighten the experience of the music and the show. Visual Kei started in the 80s and became so popular by the 90s that the nearly all-female fan base started dressing up as their favorite band

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In addition to the visual aspects, visual kei artists often have a wider "decorative fantasy" concept or context and their on-stage performances are "overwhelming, multisensory experiences whose constructed nature is made apparent to audiences" (e.g. observed in Gackt's career claim about being a

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Well, visual kei isn't a genre of music; it's used to categorize the bands that show their unique characteristics with their costumes and makeup, though sometimes the music doesn't necessarily fit the image. Either way, it's used to describe such bands that show their individualism through their

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psychoanalysis of the subculture indicates that the fascination with the singer's voice (the lack of understanding amplifies the effect), as well ineffable and unfulfillable desire, are what attracts most of the (predominantly female) fans to the groups on an international scale. The female fans

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In 2021, visual kei journalist Chiaki Fujitani noted how newer acts were combining visual kei with other elements to create originality. She cited Nocturnal Bloodlust's muscular vocalist Hiro for defying the usual delicate appearance of visual kei musicians, 0.1g no Gosan for utilizing tropes of

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wrote that visual kei is not a specific sound, but rather it "revolves around the creation of a band's unique worldview and/or stylistic beauty through visual expressions in the form of makeup and fashion". While visual kei acts can be of any music genre, it originated with bands influenced by

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system" and "that originally prided itself on being different, it now attracts those who want to 'look' visual kei. Genuine originality (in the music, at least) seems to be dying out." In 2018, Seiichi Hoshiko said that he was worried about this trend's effect on the movement's future.

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As an epilogue to their 25th anniversary, Luna Sea hosted a rock festival titled Lunatic Fest on 27 and 28 June 2015, with an estimated 60,000 fans attending. Held at Makuhari Messe, there were three stages and 12 artists, most visual kei acts including X Japan, Dead End, Dir En Grey,

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In the late 1980s and until the mid-1990s, visual kei received increasing popularity throughout Japan, when album sales from such bands started to reach record numbers. The first band with recordings that achieved notable success was Dead End, whose independent album

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By the late 1990s, the mainstream popularity of visual kei was declining; Luna Sea went on a year-long hiatus in 1997 before disbanding in 2000, X Japan disbanded at the end of 1997 and one year later their lead guitarist hide died. In 1999, Malice Mizer's drummer

807:, who with a toned down appearance became one of the most popular and successful visual kei acts, and L'Arc-en-Ciel publicly distanced themselves from the movement (although, in 2012 they were partly promoted internationally as a visual kei band). In 1998, 2814:

Hide's death means the end of an era, said Steve McClure, Tokyo bureau chief for Billboard, the music-industry magazine. X were the first generation of visual kei bands, but the novelty has worn off. For the next generation of bands, it's like:

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wrote that visual kei "revolves around the creation of a band's unique worldview and/or stylistic beauty through visual expressions in the form of makeup and fashion". Sources have also noted that visual kei is a "uniquely Japanese" phenomenon.

1174:. Instead, it is defined by an act's emphasis on aesthetics, particularly their fashion and use of makeup, with a number of visual kei artists and critics describing it as a freedom of expression and experimental fashion. Koji Dejima of 682:, who both went on to sell millions of records, with Glay being one of Japan's best-selling musical acts, had their first albums released by Extasy in 1991 and 1994 respectively. Free-Will was founded by Color vocalist and leader 3870:

want to be "visual kei" or look "visual kei." They are doing it to look like others instead of doing it to look different. This is obviously very different from when we started out more than ten years ago. That's how I see it.

1492:(to be recognized by the other, desire of the other), i.e. the female fans do not desire the musician himself, but his desire; a kind of cultural social training ground for the inescapable process of learning how to desire. 821:". As other bands could not meet financial expectations, most major companies backed out of the movement, and it became an underground style often associated with the rebellious generation, non-conforming to proper society. 507: 1930:...while Kiss is a heavy metal band, visual kei bands like X Japan, Color, Dead End and D'erlanger are by and large a cross between metal, punk, goth, cyber and rock. The sounds are hard and the looks are dark and severe. 816:

s Steve McClure commented that "To a certain extent, hide's death means the end of an era, X were the first generation of visual kei bands, but the novelty has worn off. For the next generation of bands, it's like:

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Visual kei musicians often have elaborate, dyed hair, extravagant costumes, frequently with leather, PVC or lace, or based on traditional Japanese clothing pieces, and excessive jewelry. Many musicians make use of

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A large three-day visual kei rock festival titled Visual Japan Summit was held at Makuhari Messe between October 14–16, 2016. Luna Sea hosted another two-day Lunatic Fest at Makuhari Messe on June 23 and 24, 2018.

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by Luna Sea in 1999, it was not until 2002 that many visual kei bands started to perform worldwide (United States, in Europe from 2004), with the initial interest coming from Japanese-themed conventions like

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bands like Psycho le Cemu performed. In the first five years Dir En Grey was especially well received having performed in Korn's Family Values Tour in 2006. In 2007, the Jrock Revolution event was held in

609:. They continued to have success, with nearly all of their subsequent albums topping the charts until 1995 and later reaching the top ten on the charts. X Japan's first album, the independently released 1289:

There has been criticism directed at newer visual kei bands for having lost the spirit of their forefathers by copying each other in design and sound, and becoming all the same. As far back as 1998,

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members (known as 'cosplay') who were often males that wore make-up, crazy hair and dressed androgynously or as females (usually, the more feminine the rocker, the more fans rush to emulate them).

1902:, p. 250: "In the late 1980s and during the 1990s, Japanese bands like Dead End, Buck-Tick, or Luna Sea performed... The most successful and influential of these bands certainly was X Japan." 3833:

But visual kei is more like a spirit, it's not a music style or, you know… I think it is a freedom about describing myself, a freedom to express myself, that's what I believe visual kei is.

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and added "the music was so unique, too – bands like X Japan. At that time, there weren't any two bands that sounded alike; these days everyone sounds exactly the same." Kenzi (Kamaitachi,

5628: 505: 1518: 476: 453:, Megan Pfeifle described the movement as being roughly divided into two generations, with the first in three transitional eras, of which the first era lasted just over a decade. 1419:

emerged, but they hesitate to consider themselves visual kei because they are not ethnically Japanese. Despite the existence of visually similar music acts in the West such as

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It's a style of dress, there's a lot of costuming and make up and it's uniquely Japanese because it goes back to ancient Japan. Men would often wear women's clothing...

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reported that to visual kei bands "after X" makeup and outrageous looks became "more important than music." Several musicians have expressed their discontent; in 2008,

4682: 5647: 3997: 2429: 1969:それは、X JAPANやDEAD ENDのようなメタルの影響の強いものや、BUCK-TICKのような80sのゴス系ニュー・ウェイヴ（第10章参照）のタイプ、ハードコア・パンクからメタルに進化したGastunkに影響されたものまで雑多なものでしたが、それらはやがて外見上の傾向で括られ"ヴィジュアル系"と呼ばれるようになります。 1503: 4706: 1106:

rock". Moi dix Mois, Versailles, D and Matenrou Opera teamed up for the four-date Japanese Visual Metal tour in late 2023 and released a collaborative single.

224:, is a category of Japanese musicians that have a strong focus on extravagant stage costumes that originated in Japan during the early 1980s. Koji Dejima of 4687: 5623: 2795: 4812: 4824: 1396:

among others. The popularity and awareness of visual kei groups outside Japan has seen an increase in recent years, mostly through internet and Japanese

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According to sales figures from online music store CDJapan, some of the internationally popular visual kei acts on the late 2010s include the Gazette,

4730: 7046: 4776: 4718: 1578: 1277:. Many acts tone-down their appearance upon achieving mainstream success, calling into question whether they are still to be considered visual kei. 320:. Many acts tone-down their appearance upon achieving mainstream success, calling into question whether they are still to be considered visual kei. 5020: 4978: 4951: 3678: 1412:. The biggest fan communities are found in United States, Germany, Poland, Russia, France and Brazil and to some extent Finland, Chile and Sweden. 4800: 3848: 2155: 954:

was reported as the "world's largest Visual Kei music festival" gathering over 50 "visual artists," although this included some Western acts like

795:'s first three major singles were released with the help of Yoshiki the following year. They were called "the big two" in the scene at that time. 5115: 3166: 4764: 5713: 767: 4886: 4874: 1301:(Luna Sea) stated in 2010 that "they cannot make good sounds and music is more like a hobby for them. I cannot feel their soul in the music." 5279: 5088: 4592: 2635: 4694: 3612: 4645: 4609: 3751: 5847: 5382: 5274: 5093: 4633: 4621: 4262: 615:, reached No. 19 in 1988, making them the first indie band to appear on the main Oricon Albums Chart. Their second and major debut album 1548: 1249:

movement and Los Angeles metal scene, or the goth subculture, and topped off with elements from "strange" and "taboo" interests such as

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delinquent subculture are often noted. The movement designated a new form of Japanese rock music influenced by Western hard rock and

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magazine, which was founded in 1990 as the first publication devoted to the subject. However, he explained in a 2018 interview with

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was released in 1991, topped the charts and sold over 1 million copies. They went on to release two more number one studio albums,

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Rob Schwartz (23 March 2012). "L'Arc-en-Ciel, Japanese Visual Rock Band, To Play Madison Square Garden This Weekend". Billboard.

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Dead End officially reunited in 2009 and La'cryma Christi (which disbanded in 2007) reunited for an anniversary tour in 2010.

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In 1988 and 1989, Buck-Tick and X Japan started to gain mainstream success that continues to present-day. Buck Tick's single "

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Henry Johnson, Akitsugu Kawamoto (2016). "Visual Kei: Glamour in Japanese Pop Music". In Ian Chapman, Henry Johnson (ed.).

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Around the early 1990s, a visual kei scene that placed more emphasize on music rather than fashion arouse in the city of

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and signed bands, not limited to visual kei acts, that would go on to make marks on the Japanese music scene, including

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Visual-kei is a uniquely Japanese music scene, but it doesn't have a specific sound – it's more of a movement.

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wrote that similarities between the appearances and behavior of the founders of visual kei and members of the

7218: 6429: 5699: 5652: 4028: 1524: 3141: 1150:. It is not associated with any one musical style, as visual kei artists play a variety of genres including 5579: 4879: 4480: 2640: 2434: 1431:, Pfeifle writes that the androgynous look of visual kei bands often has a repulsive effect on Westerners. 879:, who have all performed overseas. Veterans of the scene also established new acts, such as Malice Mizer's 734:

achieving moderate success. At the time, "the big four of visual kei" were Malice Mizer, La'cryma Christi,

3436: 605:(1989) charted at No. 3 and 1 respectively and were the first Japanese rock band to hold a concert at the 7228: 7092: 6949: 5754: 4983: 4956: 4459: 662:), were instrumental in promoting the visual kei scene. Extasy was created by X Japan drummer and leader 332:'s slogans, "Psychedelic Violence Crime of Visual Shock", seen on the cover of their second studio album 5083: 4224: 3688: 3622: 7233: 6650: 6472: 5833: 5680: 5417: 5248: 4817: 4515: 4074: 3856: 2163: 617: 401:. Music journalist Taiyo Sawada noted the musical diversity of the scene's early acts; some had strong 334: 4098: 3357:""Visual Japan Summit 2016 Powered by Rakuten" makes 4th release of artist lineup with 29 more groups" 7223: 7208: 6414: 3882: 918: 639:(1996). In 1992, X Japan tried to launch an attempt to enter the American market, even signing with 572:, with radio station and MTV exposure in the United States. In 1990, D'erlanger's major debut album 5427: 5255: 3718: 1509: 1208: 1127: 880: 623: 149: 4155: 4016:

When we were growing up around late '80s and early '90s, visual kei was influenced by glam music.

3913: 1081: 686:, and while at the time not as popular as Extasy, it had many moderately successful acts, such as 7066: 7025: 7019: 6842: 6316: 6306: 5243: 4829: 4805: 4781: 4769: 4638: 4597: 4473: 2423: 601: 449: 154: 3761: 6929: 6783: 6439: 6406: 6351: 6326: 6311: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 4022: 1871: 1230: 771:(1996) both topped the Oricon chart. During the 1990s, several other conceptual subgenres like 338:(1989). This derivation is credited as being coined by Seiichi Hoshiko, the founding editor of 6094: 2918: 2709: 621:(1989) reached number 6 and has since sold 712,000 copies. Their third and best-selling album 7238: 7182: 7112: 6722: 6391: 6321: 6301: 6082: 5946: 5916: 5904: 5412: 5326: 4048: 4002: 2185: 891:. In 2007, visual kei was revitalized as Yoshiki, Gackt, Sugizo and Miyavi formed supergroup 761:(formed in 1993), are credited with "creating the early Nagoya kei style." Kuroyume's albums 381:

Visual kei emerged in the 1980s Japanese underground music scene, pioneered by bands such as

6361: 3364: 2331: 7008: 6331: 6209: 5953: 5331: 5229: 5219: 1489: 998: 892: 809: 757:(formed in 1991) were described as the "Nagoya big two" in the underground scene, and with 590: 184: 4735: 4345:

Pfeifle, Megan (2013). "Exposing the Underground: The Japanese Subculture of Visual Kei".

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s Bunny Bissoux concluded in 2015 that the movement "today is basically a parallel of the

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that visual kei was technically coined, or at least inspired by, X Japan's lead guitarist

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reached No. 5 on the Oricon chart, but they and Dead End both disbanded that same year.

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or Japanese uniforms) and Ouji kei or Kodona kei (prince style or boy style, notably

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Pfeifle described the second transition era as beginning in 1993 with bands such as

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Vocal Music and Contemporary Identities: Unlimited Voices in East Asia and the West

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and featured visual kei bands. Although some bands like the Gazette have played at

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Johnson, Adrienne Renee (2019). "From Shōjo to Bangya(ru): Women and Visual Kei".

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imagery, while angura kei makes use of traditional Japanese clothing styles like

1238: 1234: 1167: 1139: 1061: 868: 800: 520:" is first successful single by a visual kei band, reaching Top 10 on the charts. 489: 386: 349: 255: 3305:"Luna Sea "Lunatic Fest." Lunacy was announced as the opening act for both days" 3194:"Luna Seahosts Lunatic Fest. 12 artists perform on 3 stages (Moon, Shine, Fate)" 2665:"X [Japan]: Reliving the Height of Japan's Superlative Visual Rock Band" 2276: 1984: 1452:) show a behavioral pattern while attending the concerts, and there are several 7117: 6981: 6934: 6883: 6589: 6356: 6010: 5778: 5198: 5000: 4496: 2460: 1643: 1420: 1416: 1352: 1270: 1250: 1194: 1123: 1037: 1021: 955: 951: 947: 910: 788: 739: 683: 647: 635: 436: 410: 270:, and gained further notoriety in the 1990s through the success of groups like 79: 4604: 2748:

Global Glam and Popular Music: Style and Spectacle from the 1970s to the 2000s

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Sample of "Danse Macabre" (1987), a hard rock song from Top 15 charting album

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Visual kei is not a style of music, but the whole physical image of the band.

3334: 3312: 3201: 1953: 1638: 1619: 1477: 1392: 1340: 1310: 1190: 970: 934: 888: 758: 718:, Glay (although formed in 1988, their first album was released in 1994) and 671: 556: 414: 394: 263: 3060: 7162: 7137: 6908: 6705: 6560: 6449: 6256: 6219: 6181: 6169: 6159: 6149: 6114: 6099: 6057: 6047: 6032: 6005: 5968: 5675: 5554: 5539: 5137: 5110: 5042: 4900: 4795: 3551: 3086: 2791: 1569: 1290: 1246: 1204: 1135: 884: 784: 719: 398: 283: 267: 40: 5154: 4759: 4577: 2124: 2096: 1794: 122: 7003: 6961: 6956: 6903: 6863: 6837: 6800: 6771: 6756: 6751: 6675: 6638: 6528: 6434: 6271: 6251: 6241: 6154: 6134: 6109: 6062: 5985: 5936: 5894: 5889: 5744: 5591: 5544: 5356: 5166: 5132: 5057: 5052: 2629: 1604: 1481: 1473: 1435: 1424: 1254: 1163: 1147: 986: 939: 928:

Although the first international concert by a visual kei act was held in

856: 792: 702: 629: 440: 432: 406: 291: 244: 74: 6986: 4346: 1819:"Interviewing the man who coined the term "Visual kei", Seiichi Hoshiko" 1217: 824: 6971: 6966: 6888: 6805: 6788: 6744: 6734: 6643: 6606: 6582: 6565: 6533: 6214: 6124: 6119: 6022: 6017: 6000: 5980: 5963: 5931: 5809: 5691: 5618: 5346: 5316: 5186: 5159: 5010: 4968: 4946: 4931: 4905: 3756: 3653: 3386: 1143: 1099: 1085: 1049: 994: 943: 914: 872: 864: 845: 750: 606: 529: 428: 303: 299: 134: 59: 36: 4587: 3503:"『マツコの知らない世界』ヴィジュアル系特集に反響 LUNA SEAからMALICE MIZER、アリス九號.まで……非日常を追求する尊さ" 2470: 7172: 7157: 7097: 6991: 6893: 6810: 6761: 6739: 6729: 6700: 6690: 6685: 6633: 6628: 6538: 6514: 6462: 6246: 6202: 6144: 6129: 6072: 6037: 6027: 5958: 5921: 5640: 5574: 5191: 5037: 5005: 3114: 2895: 2751: 2400: 1428: 1242: 1226: 1186: 1159: 1151: 1119: 1089: 1053: 776: 687: 655: 513: 390: 259: 240: 232: 99: 69: 54: 3942:

Shōjo Across Media: Exploring "Girl" Practices in Contemporary Japan

3167:"Luna Sea Celebrate 25th Anniversary With Star-studded Lunatic Fest" 1985:"ヴィジュアル系におけるメタルサウンドの移り変わり X JAPANからLUNA SEA、DIR EN GREY、DEZERTまでを総括" 1366:

Magazines published regularly in Japan with visual kei coverage are

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From this influence on international youth subcultures, bands like

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Alice in Japanese Wonderlands: Translation, Adaptation, Mediation

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and wear bright colorful attire. Pioneers of this style include

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went on to become one of the best-selling musical acts in Japan.

7127: 6873: 6570: 6444: 6042: 5768: 5763: 5613: 5214: 5144: 5100: 5078: 4562: 4557: 4537: 4454: 3552:"Moi dix Mois × Versailles × D × 摩天楼オペラが共同声明「我々は共に手を組みここに宣言する」" 3092: 3064: 2606: 2578: 2549: 2280: 2190: 2073: 1584: 1298: 1294: 1258: 1088:

with fans during concerts, Choke for their avant-garde form of

1069: 1045: 1033: 1029: 965: 929: 876: 837: 780: 746: 735: 731: 5825: 5975: 5788: 5773: 5759: 5608: 5568: 5564: 4910: 4749: 4407:

Laputa―from the cradle to the grave 1999 (Fool's Mate extrax)

4293: 2069:"Shinjidai ni Totsunyu! Neo Visual Kei Band Taidō no Kizashi" 1485: 1397: 1382: 1337: 1212: 1073: 804: 659: 651: 340: 287: 30: 6483: 848:

managed by record companies like PS Company (Free-Will) and

836:

performing in 2010, wearing costumes inspired by the French

4744: 1911: 1266: 1203:

performers. This rose to prominence through the success of

1094: 1065: 1002: 707: 679: 275: 4317: 1915:

Sokstyle Deficit Disorder: Harajuku Street Fashion - Tokyo

286:. The movement's success continued through the 2000s with 6766: 6616: 4205: 3683: 3617: 3171: 2937: 2822: 1872:"Pretty Babies: Japan's Undying Gothic Lolita Phenomenon" 844:

A second generation emerged in small visual kei-specific

4351:. Vol. 21. The George Mason Review. pp. 74–87. 4263:"Globalizing Visual Kei: Investigating the Visual Style" 4244: 4242: 2949: 2355: 2353: 2004: 2002: 560:

through the same record label. Dead End even had albums

4359:

Japanese Popular Music: Culture, Authenticity and Power

2864:"Japanese rock singer Miyavi makes debut in 'Unbroken'" 1772: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1764: 554:. That same year, Buck-Tick released their major debut 4305: 2386:【V系】ヴィジュアル系はもう「終わり」?「2012年のV系を振り返る」第3回(ゲスト:NoGoD 団長) - 779:), Angura kei (underground style, wearing traditional 4281: 4239: 2961: 2727: 2350: 1999: 825:

2001–2009: International expansion and neo-visual kei

3998:"Dir En Grey feature interview with guitarist Kaoru" 3971:"【インタビュー】Mana × Közi、MALICE MIZERを語る「Kamiの約束が実現できる」" 1761: 1661: 1488:

culture), are related to the Lacanian man's type of

1221:". Such aesthetics are reminiscent of those seen in 643:

for a US album, but this ultimately did not happen.

4126:"Shock-rock act Dir En Grey snub cartoons for cred" 3646: 2485: 2365: 1134:Sources have variously referred to visual kei as a 697: 310:, a period which some critics term "neo-visual kei" 4148: 3143:【エンタがビタミン♪】LUNA SEAが終幕と復活の真相語る。「ここで終わらせるのは罪だと思った」。 2040:"Introducing Globalizing Visual Kei: A Web Series" 3008:"V-Rock Festival 2011 - White and Rainbow Stages" 2631:PIERROT×DIR EN GREY 『ANDROGYNOS』がもたらした"丘戦争"と歴史的融和 376: 7195: 4528: 3809: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3005: 2218:"Indies eXplosion: The Early History of X JAPAN" 989:, and Luna Sea reunited and began a world tour. 985:announced the reformations of both Kuroyume and 3666:Musically speaking, visual kei can do anything. 3164: 2916: 1782: 1527:vocalist Mikaru wearing a costume in Paris 2007 958:. A second V-Rock Festival was held in 2011 at 361: 215: 188: 4260: 3989: 3749: 2150: 2148: 2037: 2033: 2031: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 1967: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1684: 1445: 898: 355: 328:The term "visual kei" was derived from one of 313: 209: 6499: 5841: 5707: 5280:List of best-selling Western artists in Japan 4481: 4185:"V.A.「DEAD END Tribute -SONG OF LUNATICS-」特集" 4179: 4177: 3815: 3738: 3671: 3437:"TOP 15 VISUAL KEI AND JAPANESE ACTS OF 2017" 3035:"V-Rock Festival 2011 - Rose and Moon Stages" 2707: 2271: 2269: 1737:"Bounce Di(s)ctionary Number 13 – Visual Kei" 1680: 1678: 1676: 176: 4041: 4006:. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012 2796:"The Pop Life: End of a Life, End of an Era" 2774: 1941: 1480:acts on the stage by some musicians, called 1197:in a manner similar to traditional Japanese 1193:aesthetics, with some of its male musicians 966:2009–present: Reunions and further expansion 905:emerged, where the musicians produce upbeat 5275:List of best-selling music artists in Japan 4731:Daigaku-Ōenka (cheering song of university) 3714:"International Music Feed feature "J Rock"" 3146:(in Japanese). Techinsight. 4 December 2013 2816:That's it. The torch has been passed to us. 2145: 2014: 1987:(in Japanese). Real Sound. 30 November 2019 1858: 1512:with white face paint in New York City 2007 1265:is one such subsect which is influenced by 250:Visual kei was pioneered by groups such as 198: 6506: 6492: 5848: 5834: 5714: 5700: 4488: 4474: 4174: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3875: 3640: 3279:"Lunatic Fest. at Makuhari Messe: Part #3" 3252:"Lunatic Fest. at Makuhari Messe: Part #2" 3225:"Lunatic Fest. at Makuhari Messe: Part #1" 2786: 2784: 2782: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2662: 2266: 1838: 1836: 1673: 1102:'s singing style has been referred to as " 819:That's it. The torch has been passed to us 589:" is first visual kei No. 1 single on the 29: 3883:"the Underneath Debuts: Interview Part 1" 3843: 3841: 3706: 3679:"Visual Kei 101 – Segment 2: the GazettE" 3613:"Visual Kei 101 – Segment 1: the GazettE" 3607: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3387:"「LUNATIC FEST.」にGLAY、back number、大黒摩季登場" 3032: 2455: 2453: 2063: 2061: 1945:第110回：「ロックと日本の60年」第11章バブルの喧噪に射し込んだニルヴァーナ 405:influence, some were influenced by 1980s 5721: 4225:"dokidoki: raptor startet neues Magazin" 4117: 3963: 3911: 2574:PIERROT11年ぶり本格復活! DIR EN GREYと異色プロジェクト始動 1730: 1728: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1472:(spread hands in the air). The explicit 1400:, shown for example by German magazines 1351: 1211:performed dressed as a woman and singer 1113: 969: 828: 701: 4404: 4377:Utz, Christian; Lau, Frederick (2013). 4355: 4344: 4287: 4211: 4066: 3938: 3927: 3505:(in Japanese). Real Sound. 7 April 2021 3088:ラクリマ再結成! 来年ツアーへ世界初のV-ROCKフェス初日に1万5000人 2967: 2955: 2943: 2790: 2779: 2733: 2690: 2503: 2466:SHUN.'S FAVORITE THINGS Vol.30 ９０年代名古屋系 2359: 2008: 1977: 1833: 1734: 1667: 997:and Tokyo Yankees the first night, and 855:Notable newer visual kei bands include 791:released their major debut single, and 290:and more musically broad bands such as 7196: 4376: 4323: 4311: 4299: 4248: 4156:"Interview: The Killing Red Addiction" 4123: 4091: 3838: 3647:Allyson B. Crawford (14 August 2009). 3598: 3379: 2979: 2828: 2450: 2425:「今夜はカラオケしマクリマクリスティ」90年代を代表するヴィジュアル系四天王 2326: 2324: 2058: 1952:(in Japanese). Sockets. Archived from 1912:Tiffany Godoy; Ivan Vartanian (2007). 1869: 1776: 1557:wearing matching outfits in Paris 2009 6487: 5829: 5695: 5292:List of best-selling singles in Japan 4469: 4405:加納一美(KANO Kazumi) (27 October 1999). 4227:(in German). otaji.de. 10 August 2015 4042:Arulvarathan, Subha (15 April 2006). 3006:Polina & Kay (22 December 2011). 2888: 2421: 2198:from the original on 19 December 2012 2098:短期集中連載：増田勇一のDEAD END回想録（1）『DEAD LINE』 1788: 1709: 887:and three members of Pierrot forming 5287:List of best-selling albums in Japan 4423: 3780: 3276: 3249: 3222: 2656: 2627: 2509: 2491: 2459: 2371: 2126:短期集中連載：増田勇一のDEAD END回想録（3）『SHAMBARA』 1434:According to the musicologists, the 3750:Reesman, Bryan (30 November 2006). 2321: 1321:(L'Arc-en-Ciel) were influenced by 803:died after the departure of singer 753:. Silver-Rose (formed in 1989) and 13: 5423:List of Japanese hip hop musicians 5403:List of musical artists from Japan 4495: 3995: 3855:. 24 November 2008. Archived from 3818:"Interview with YOSHIKI in Brazil" 3816:Daniel Robson (20 November 2011). 3701:Visual kei isn't a genre of music. 3687:. 12 November 2013. Archived from 3621:. 11 November 2013. Archived from 3523: 3363:. 9 September 2016. Archived from 3337:. Sync Music Japan. 16 August 2016 2248:"BIOGRAPHY バイオグラフィ hideモバイル-JETS-" 1118:Many visual kei musicians utilize 1109: 1001:, Buck-Tick, D'erlanger, Glay and 646:Two record labels formed in 1986, 568:(1988) released by American label 528:Problems playing these files? See 458: 14: 7255: 7103:Animal rights and punk subculture 4447: 2917:Lara Garnermann (18 April 2010). 2224:. 29 October 2007. Archived from 1634:List of visual kei musical groups 950:. In 2009 the V-Rock Festival at 6468: 6467: 6367:New wave of American heavy metal 4453: 4124:Robson, Daniel (27 April 2007). 3914:"Japan's gender-bending history" 3439:. jrocknews.com. 4 December 2017 3165:Daisuke Kikuchi (31 July 2015). 2399:31 December 2012. Archived from 2162:. 27 August 2007. Archived from 1612: 1596: 1577: 1562: 1547: 1532: 1517: 1502: 1408:, as well European record label 698:1993–2000: Expansion and decline 503: 474: 7088:List of punk compilation albums 6372:New wave of British heavy metal 5855: 5408:List of Japanese musical groups 4801:Shichōsonka (municipality song) 4261:Pfeifle, Megan (30 July 2011). 4254: 4217: 4193:(in Japanese). 5 September 2013 4060: 4035: 3905: 3570: 3544: 3517: 3495: 3473: 3451: 3429: 3407: 3349: 3327: 3297: 3270: 3243: 3216: 3200:. 14 April 2015. Archived from 3186: 3158: 3134: 3107: 3079: 3053: 3026: 2999: 2973: 2910: 2889:Evers, Mi. (11 December 2007). 2882: 2856: 2834: 2768: 2739: 2621: 2593: 2565: 2537: 2497: 2415: 2377: 2332:"Visual Kei and Extasy Records" 2295: 2240: 2210: 2178: 2117: 2089: 1935: 1905: 1899: 1685:Kristen Sollee (25 June 2006). 749:, and as such was later dubbed 417:. Japanese pop culture website 5322:Sony Music Entertainment Japan 4430:Every Road Leads to the V Kei. 4269:. Japanese Music Entertainment 3285:. Japanese Music Entertainment 3258:. Japanese Music Entertainment 3231:. Japanese Music Entertainment 3041:. Japanese Music Entertainment 3014:. Japanese Music Entertainment 2925:. Japanese Music Entertainment 2708:Bunny Bissoux (11 June 2015). 2046:. Japanese Music Entertainment 2038:Pfeifle, Megan (4 June 2011). 1893: 1870:Suzuki, Chako (January 2007). 1811: 706:Originally a visual kei band, 377:1980–1992: Origins and success 39:as members of visual kei band 16:Category of Japanese musicians 1: 6513: 4356:Stevens, Carolyn S. (2012) . 4333: 3977:(in Japanese). 29 August 2018 3788:"Interview with MUCC at RTOC" 3558:(in Japanese). 1 January 2023 3311:. 1 June 2015. Archived from 3116:解散から1年を経て黒夢本格的復活＆SADSも7年ぶり再始動 3061:"伝説のロックバンド・DEAD END、20年ぶりに復活" 2133:(in Japanese). 11 August 2009 1942:Taiyo Sawada (21 July 2015). 1846:. JRock News. 31 January 2018 1821:. JRock News. 24 January 2018 1745:(in Japanese). Archived from 1572:guitarist Ryōga in Paris 2010 1542:vocalist Hakuei in Paris 2008 1484:(a sexual term borrowed from 1347: 1126:in their aesthetics, such as 3395:(in Japanese). 16 April 2018 2663:Chi Minnie (15 April 2006). 2105:(in Japanese). 4 August 2009 1284: 875:, as well as solo performer 775:kei (notably represented by 593:, while their studio albums 413:, while others evolved from 323: 7: 7093:List of punk rock festivals 6377:Early Norwegian black metal 4398: 4044:"For those about to J-Rock" 3912:Adetunji, Jo (March 2017). 2303:"The Jrock Legend: X Japan" 1627: 1404:(discontinued in 2011) and 362: 216: 189: 10: 7260: 7047:Second wave punk musicians 5681:Min-On Concert Association 5418:List of Japanese composers 4338: 4075:University of Hawaii Press 2842:"Wrasse Records Biography" 2186:"D'ERLANGERのアルバム売り上げランキング" 2077:(in Japanese). 7 June 2006 1495: 1215:was a "living specimen of 371: 7080: 7042:First wave punk musicians 7034: 6922: 6851: 6551: 6521: 6458: 6405: 6287: 6190: 5863: 5802: 5727: 5663: 5532: 5436: 5395: 5370: 5309: 5300: 5267: 5207: 5179: 5071: 4924: 4864: 4854: 4669: 4514: 4503: 4027:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3949:. pp. 303–313, 322. 3586:(in Japanese). 9 May 2023 3033:Remy Zane (29 May 2012). 2980:JKlein (11 August 2009). 2710:"The story of visual kei" 2469:. Visulog. Archived from 2156:"LUNA SEA: God Bless You" 1968: 1525:Dio – Distraught Overlord 1446: 899: 356: 314: 210: 177: 174: 145: 140: 133: 128: 121: 116: 108: 47: 28: 23: 7214:Japanese styles of music 5428:List of Japanese singers 5256:RIAJ Digital Track Chart 5106:Japanese net label scene 4425: 4362:. Taylor & Francis. 4067:Kennell, Amanda (2023). 3719:International Music Feed 3142: 3115: 3087: 2630: 2601: 2573: 2517: 2465: 2424: 2385: 2125: 2097: 1944: 1654: 1510:The Candy Spooky Theater 150:Japanese popular culture 6317:Bangladeshi heavy metal 6307:Australian thrash metal 4791:Radio calisthenics song 4695:Gakusēka (student song) 4348:The George Mason Review 4302:, pp. 17, 262–288. 3849:"Interview with Angelo" 2422:野中すふれ (14 March 2016). 1048:, Dadaroma, Initial'L, 450:The George Mason Review 155:Japanese street fashion 6440:Heavy metal subculture 6352:Indigenous metal music 6327:Brazilian thrash metal 6312:Australian heavy metal 5362:Teichiku Entertainment 4719:Ryōka (dormitory song) 3524:荒金, 良介 (31 May 2016). 3277:Tomo (2 August 2015). 2982:"V-Rock Festival 2009" 2891:"Gackt! Gackt! Gackt!" 2525:(in Japanese). CDジャーナル 2430:Excite Japan Co., Ltd. 2277:"X、初期のリマスター再発商品2作が好調！" 1789:Inoue, Takako (2003). 1687:"Japanese Rock on NPR" 1363: 1131: 978: 841: 711: 550:reached No. 14 on the 463: 7183:Timeline of punk rock 7113:Death of Brian Deneke 6723:Progressive metalcore 6392:Teutonic thrash metal 6322:Bay Area thrash metal 6302:Argentine heavy metal 5917:Blackened death metal 5413:List of J-pop artists 5327:Universal Music Japan 5310:"Big 10" (as of 2024) 5028:Ōenka (cheering song) 4750:Gunka (military song) 4432:]. Shinko Music. 3250:Tomo (25 July 2015). 3223:Tomo (21 July 2015). 2628:清水素子 (28 July 2017). 1355: 1117: 973: 832: 705: 585:" entered No. 6 and " 462: 7219:Japanese subcultures 7009:Scottish Gaelic punk 6332:Canadian heavy metal 5722:Japanese subcultures 5342:Victor Entertainment 4605:Komori-uta (lullaby) 4462:at Wikimedia Commons 4099:"Sugizo on Luna Sea" 3764:on 28 September 2007 1356:Japanese fans doing 787:) emerged. In 1998, 591:Oricon Singles Chart 548:Victor Entertainment 499:"Just One More Kiss" 7051:List of punk bands 6387:Swedish death metal 6342:Florida death metal 6337:Chinese heavy metal 6297:African heavy metal 6095:Neue Deutsche Härte 5533:Online distributors 5180:Ethnic and regional 4509:" (National anthem) 4326:, pp. 258–262. 4056:on 11 October 2007. 3859:on 13 November 2013 3691:on 12 November 2013 2831:, pp. 250–251. 2463:(27 January 2015). 1918:. Chronicle Books. 1791:Visual kei no jidai 1378:Fool's Mate Express 1018:Nocturnal Bloodlust 960:Saitama Super Arena 570:Metal Blade Records 552:Oricon Albums Chart 546:(1987) released by 7229:Heavy metal genres 7177:List of punk films 7072:Women in punk rock 6595:Christian hardcore 6362:Les Légions Noires 6090:Neoclassical metal 5900:National Socialist 5803:Cultural phenomena 5614:Oricon Music Store 5567:(the successor of 5352:Warner Music Group 4707:Kōka (school song) 4324:Utz & Lau 2013 4312:Utz & Lau 2013 4300:Utz & Lau 2013 4249:Utz & Lau 2013 4214:, pp. 78, 83. 4105:. 10 February 2010 3947:Palgrave Macmillan 3889:. 29 February 2008 3726:on 12 October 2007 3526:"矢島舞依激ロックインタビュー" 2946:, pp. 79, 86. 2829:Utz & Lau 2013 2801:The New York Times 2675:on 11 October 2007 2602:DIR EN GREYのプロフィール 2545:"黒夢のアルバム売上TOP12作品" 2504:extrax Laputa 1999 2283:. 14 February 2007 1900:Utz & Lau 2013 1777:Utz & Lau 2013 1649:Scene (subculture) 1607:in Pittsburgh 2012 1364: 1307:The Dead Pop Stars 1207:, whose guitarist 1132: 1084:, such as playing 1005:the second night. 979: 977:in Singapore, 2013 842: 712: 583:Just One More Kiss 518:Just One More Kiss 464: 112:Early 1980s, Japan 7234:Rock music genres 7191: 7190: 7108:Conservative Punk 7035:People and groups 6718:Melodic metalcore 6661:Beatdown hardcore 6481: 6480: 6140:Progressive metal 5885:Beatdown hardcore 5880:Avant-garde metal 5875:Alternative metal 5823: 5822: 5689: 5688: 5550:Google Play Music 5391: 5390: 5260: 5175: 5174: 4672:Meiji Restoration 4665: 4664: 4548:Dainichido Bugaku 4529:Genres and styles 4458:Media related to 4439:978-4-401-64639-5 4390:978-1-136-15521-5 4369:978-0-415-38057-7 3367:on 20 August 2017 2958:, pp. 78–79. 2870:. 31 October 2014 2868:Los Angeles Times 2669:asiaarts.ucla.edu 2403:on 1 January 2017 2166:on 9 January 2016 1804:978-4-7872-3216-8 1464:(reversed dive), 1456:(movements) like 1082:underground idols 850:Maverick DC Group 674:and Ladies Room. 508: 479: 366:, "Makeup Style") 163: 162: 48:Stylistic origins 7251: 7224:Punk rock genres 7209:Japanese fashion 7081:Related articles 6859:Alternative rock 6681:Melodic hardcore 6671:Digital hardcore 6666:Crossover thrash 6508: 6501: 6494: 6485: 6484: 6471: 6470: 6420:Environmentalism 6191:Musical elements 6175:Crossover thrash 6053:Industrial metal 5850: 5843: 5836: 5827: 5826: 5745:Fujoshi/fudanshi 5716: 5709: 5702: 5693: 5692: 5656: 5644: 5632: 5595: 5583: 5307: 5306: 5302:Record companies 5258: 5199:Southern Islands 5124: 5097: 5063:Juliana’s techno 5024: 4987: 4960: 4895: 4883: 4862: 4861: 4858: 4847: 4833: 4821: 4809: 4785: 4773: 4739: 4727: 4715: 4703: 4691: 4676: 4654: 4642: 4630: 4618: 4601: 4526: 4525: 4490: 4483: 4476: 4467: 4466: 4457: 4443: 4420: 4394: 4373: 4352: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4276: 4274: 4258: 4252: 4246: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4221: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4181: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4160:JRock Revolution 4152: 4146: 4145: 4140: 4138: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4095: 4089: 4088: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4052:. 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Archived from 3710: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3696: 3675: 3669: 3668: 3663: 3661: 3644: 3638: 3637: 3632: 3630: 3625:on 21 April 2016 3609: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3548: 3542: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3481:"Ranking (2019)" 3477: 3471: 3470: 3468: 3466: 3459:"Ranking (2018)" 3455: 3449: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3415:"Ranking (2016)" 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3383: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3331: 3325: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3315:on 9 August 2016 3301: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3247: 3241: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3204:on 14 April 2015 3190: 3184: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3046: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2977: 2971: 2965: 2959: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2914: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2844:. Wrasse Records 2838: 2832: 2826: 2820: 2819: 2810: 2808: 2794:(18 June 1998). 2788: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2766: 2765: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2705: 2688: 2687: 2682: 2680: 2671:. Archived from 2660: 2654: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2644: 2625: 2619: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2581:. 1 January 2017 2569: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2513: 2507: 2501: 2495: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2473:on 26 March 2015 2457: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2438: 2419: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2397:CyberAgent, Inc. 2381: 2375: 2369: 2363: 2357: 2348: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2338:. 25 August 2007 2336:JRock Revolution 2328: 2319: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2309:. 26 August 2007 2307:JRock Revolution 2299: 2293: 2292: 2290: 2288: 2273: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2235: 2233: 2222:JRock Revolution 2214: 2208: 2207: 2205: 2203: 2182: 2176: 2175: 2173: 2171: 2160:JRock Revolution 2152: 2143: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2093: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2065: 2056: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2035: 2012: 2006: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1981: 1975: 1974: 1972: 1971: 1970: 1963: 1961: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1909: 1903: 1897: 1891: 1890: 1884: 1882: 1876:fashionlines.com 1867: 1856: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1840: 1831: 1830: 1828: 1826: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1786: 1780: 1774: 1759: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1732: 1707: 1706: 1701: 1699: 1692:The Big Takeover 1682: 1671: 1665: 1616: 1603:All-female band 1600: 1587:performing with 1581: 1566: 1551: 1536: 1521: 1506: 1451: 1449: 1448: 1368:Arena 37 °C 1335: 904: 902: 901: 815: 724:La'cryma Christi 641:Atlantic Records 612:Vanishing Vision 562:Ghost of Romance 544:Ghost of Romance 516:'s 1988 single " 510: 509: 486:Ghost of Romance 481: 480: 461: 367: 365: 359: 358: 319: 317: 316: 223: 222: 219: 213: 212: 202: 200: 196: 193: 182: 180: 179: 109:Cultural origins 90:alternative rock 85:progressive rock 33: 21: 20: 7259: 7258: 7254: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7248: 7194: 7193: 7192: 7187: 7153:Punk literature 7148:Punk visual art 7143:Punk ideologies 7133:Punk subculture 7076: 7067:Punk filmmakers 7030: 6918: 6847: 6816:Punk pathetique 6553: 6547: 6517: 6512: 6482: 6477: 6454: 6401: 6397:Ukrainian metal 6347:Hungarian metal 6289: 6283: 6225:Gallop drumbeat 6186: 6165:Symphonic metal 5927:Christian metal 5866: 5859: 5854: 5824: 5819: 5798: 5723: 5720: 5690: 5685: 5659: 5650: 5638: 5626: 5589: 5577: 5528: 5432: 5387: 5366: 5332:King Record Co. 5296: 5263: 5238:Billboard Japan 5203: 5171: 5118: 5091: 5067: 5018: 4981: 4954: 4920: 4889: 4877: 4856: 4850: 4841: 4827: 4815: 4803: 4779: 4767: 4733: 4721: 4709: 4697: 4685: 4683:Commercial song 4674: 4661: 4648: 4636: 4624: 4612: 4595: 4524: 4510: 4499: 4494: 4450: 4440: 4427: 4417: 4409:. FOOL'S MATE. 4401: 4391: 4370: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4330: 4322: 4318: 4310: 4306: 4298: 4294: 4286: 4282: 4272: 4270: 4259: 4255: 4247: 4240: 4230: 4228: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4210: 4206: 4196: 4194: 4183: 4182: 4175: 4165: 4163: 4154: 4153: 4149: 4136: 4134: 4131:The Japan Times 4122: 4118: 4108: 4106: 4097: 4096: 4092: 4085: 4077:. p. 124. 4065: 4061: 4040: 4036: 4020: 4019: 4009: 4007: 3994: 3990: 3980: 3978: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3957: 3937: 3928: 3918: 3916: 3910: 3906: 3892: 3890: 3881: 3880: 3876: 3862: 3860: 3847: 3846: 3839: 3826: 3824: 3814: 3810: 3797: 3795: 3786: 3785: 3781: 3767: 3765: 3748: 3739: 3729: 3727: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3694: 3692: 3677: 3676: 3672: 3659: 3657: 3645: 3641: 3628: 3626: 3611: 3610: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3583:Billboard Japan 3576: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3535: 3533: 3522: 3518: 3508: 3506: 3501: 3500: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3479: 3478: 3474: 3464: 3462: 3457: 3456: 3452: 3442: 3440: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3413: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3385: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3368: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3340: 3338: 3333: 3332: 3328: 3318: 3316: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3288: 3286: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3248: 3244: 3234: 3232: 3221: 3217: 3207: 3205: 3192: 3191: 3187: 3177: 3175: 3163: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3125: 3123: 3119:(in Japanese). 3117: 3113: 3112: 3108: 3098: 3096: 3091:(in Japanese). 3089: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3063:(in Japanese). 3059: 3058: 3054: 3044: 3042: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 3004: 3000: 2990: 2988: 2986:JRockRevolution 2978: 2974: 2966: 2962: 2954: 2950: 2942: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2915: 2911: 2901: 2899: 2887: 2883: 2873: 2871: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2847: 2845: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2827: 2823: 2806: 2804: 2789: 2780: 2773: 2769: 2762: 2754:. p. 202. 2744: 2740: 2732: 2728: 2718: 2716: 2706: 2691: 2678: 2676: 2661: 2657: 2647: 2645: 2638: 2634:(in Japanese). 2632: 2626: 2622: 2612: 2610: 2605:(in Japanese). 2603: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2584: 2582: 2577:(in Japanese). 2575: 2571: 2570: 2566: 2556: 2554: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2528: 2526: 2519: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2502: 2498: 2490: 2486: 2476: 2474: 2467: 2458: 2451: 2441: 2439: 2432: 2428:(in Japanese). 2426: 2420: 2416: 2406: 2404: 2395:(in Japanese). 2387: 2383: 2382: 2378: 2370: 2366: 2358: 2351: 2341: 2339: 2330: 2329: 2322: 2312: 2310: 2301: 2300: 2296: 2286: 2284: 2279:(in Japanese). 2275: 2274: 2267: 2257: 2255: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2216: 2215: 2211: 2201: 2199: 2194:(in Japanese). 2184: 2183: 2179: 2169: 2167: 2154: 2153: 2146: 2136: 2134: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2118: 2108: 2106: 2099: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2080: 2078: 2067: 2066: 2059: 2049: 2047: 2036: 2015: 2007: 2000: 1990: 1988: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1966: 1959: 1957: 1956:on 23 July 2015 1946: 1940: 1936: 1926: 1910: 1906: 1898: 1894: 1880: 1878: 1868: 1859: 1849: 1847: 1842: 1841: 1834: 1824: 1822: 1817: 1816: 1812: 1805: 1787: 1783: 1775: 1762: 1752: 1750: 1749:on 1 March 2008 1733: 1710: 1697: 1695: 1683: 1674: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1630: 1623: 1622:in Alberta 2012 1617: 1608: 1601: 1592: 1582: 1573: 1567: 1558: 1552: 1543: 1537: 1528: 1522: 1513: 1507: 1498: 1443: 1350: 1333: 1317:(Luna Sea) and 1287: 1112: 1110:Characteristics 968: 896: 827: 813: 700: 535: 534: 526: 524: 523: 522: 521: 511: 504: 501: 495: 494: 493: 482: 475: 472: 470:"Danse Macabre" 465: 459: 379: 374: 353: 326: 311: 220: 207: 201:"Visual Style") 191: 168: 159: 104: 43: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7257: 7247: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7206: 7189: 7188: 7186: 7185: 7180: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7084: 7082: 7078: 7077: 7075: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7063: 7062: 7057: 7049: 7044: 7038: 7036: 7032: 7031: 7029: 7028: 7023: 7013: 7012: 7011: 7006: 6999:United Kingdom 6996: 6995: 6994: 6989: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6919: 6917: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6855: 6853: 6852:Related genres 6849: 6848: 6846: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6829: 6828: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6792: 6791: 6786: 6776: 6775: 6774: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6748: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6726: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6709: 6708: 6703: 6693: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6653: 6648: 6647: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6626: 6625: 6624: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6598: 6597: 6590:Christian punk 6587: 6586: 6585: 6575: 6574: 6573: 6568: 6557: 6555: 6552:Subgenres and 6549: 6548: 6546: 6545: 6544: 6543: 6542: 6541: 6525: 6523: 6519: 6518: 6511: 6510: 6503: 6496: 6488: 6479: 6478: 6476: 6475: 6465: 6459: 6456: 6455: 6453: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6411: 6409: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6357:Japanese metal 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6293: 6291: 6288:Notable scenes 6285: 6284: 6282: 6281: 6280: 6279: 6274: 6266: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6229: 6228: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6207: 6206: 6205: 6194: 6192: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6184: 6179: 6178: 6177: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6086: 6085: 6080: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6014: 6013: 6011:Medieval metal 6008: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5972: 5971: 5961: 5956: 5954:Death 'n' roll 5951: 5950: 5949: 5944: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5913: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5871: 5869: 5861: 5860: 5853: 5852: 5845: 5838: 5830: 5821: 5820: 5818: 5817: 5812: 5806: 5804: 5800: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5731: 5729: 5725: 5724: 5719: 5718: 5711: 5704: 5696: 5687: 5686: 5684: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5667: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5657: 5645: 5633: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5584: 5572: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5536: 5534: 5530: 5529: 5527: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5440: 5438: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5399: 5397: 5393: 5392: 5389: 5388: 5386: 5385: 5380: 5374: 5372: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5313: 5311: 5304: 5298: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5283: 5282: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5264: 5262: 5261: 5259:(discontinued) 5253: 5252: 5251: 5246: 5234: 5233: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5211: 5209: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5183: 5181: 5177: 5176: 5173: 5172: 5170: 5169: 5167:Vocaloid music 5164: 5163: 5162: 5157: 5147: 5142: 5141: 5140: 5130: 5125: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5086: 5081: 5075: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4928: 4926: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4897: 4896: 4884: 4868: 4866: 4859: 4857:(1945–present) 4852: 4851: 4849: 4848: 4836: 4835: 4834: 4810: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4787: 4786: 4774: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4745:Enzetsuka/Enka 4742: 4741: 4740: 4728: 4716: 4692: 4679: 4677: 4675:(1868–present) 4667: 4666: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4659: 4658: 4657: 4656: 4655: 4643: 4631: 4607: 4602: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4532: 4530: 4520: 4518: 4512: 4511: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4497:Music of Japan 4493: 4492: 4485: 4478: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4449: 4448:External links 4446: 4445: 4444: 4438: 4421: 4415: 4400: 4397: 4396: 4395: 4389: 4374: 4368: 4353: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4316: 4314:, p. 258. 4304: 4292: 4280: 4253: 4251:, p. 251. 4238: 4216: 4204: 4173: 4162:. 12 July 2009 4147: 4116: 4090: 4083: 4059: 4034: 3996:Mascia, Mike. 3988: 3962: 3955: 3926: 3904: 3874: 3837: 3822:JaME-World.com 3808: 3794:. 25 July 2008 3779: 3737: 3705: 3670: 3639: 3597: 3569: 3543: 3516: 3494: 3472: 3450: 3428: 3406: 3378: 3348: 3326: 3296: 3269: 3242: 3215: 3185: 3157: 3133: 3106: 3095:. 4 March 2015 3078: 3052: 3025: 2998: 2972: 2960: 2948: 2936: 2909: 2881: 2855: 2833: 2821: 2778: 2767: 2760: 2738: 2726: 2689: 2655: 2620: 2592: 2564: 2536: 2508: 2496: 2494:, p. 366. 2484: 2449: 2414: 2376: 2374:, p. 362. 2364: 2349: 2320: 2294: 2265: 2239: 2228:on 1 July 2015 2209: 2177: 2144: 2116: 2088: 2057: 2013: 1998: 1976: 1934: 1924: 1904: 1892: 1857: 1832: 1810: 1803: 1781: 1779:, p. 250. 1760: 1708: 1672: 1670:, pp. 75. 1659: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1646: 1644:Japanese metal 1641: 1636: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1618: 1611: 1609: 1602: 1595: 1593: 1591:in Brazil 2011 1583: 1576: 1574: 1568: 1561: 1559: 1553: 1546: 1544: 1538: 1531: 1529: 1523: 1516: 1514: 1508: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1421:Marilyn Manson 1417:Cinema Bizarre 1349: 1346: 1330:Time Out Tokyo 1286: 1283: 1195:cross-dressing 1191:gender bending 1124:cross-dressing 1111: 1108: 1038:Matenrou Opera 1020:, Versailles, 967: 964: 956:Marilyn Manson 952:Makuhari Messe 948:Shibuya O-East 883:with his band 826: 823: 740:Fanatic Crisis 699: 696: 684:Dynamite Tommy 648:Extasy Records 596:Seventh Heaven 525: 512: 502: 497: 496: 483: 473: 468: 467: 466: 457: 456: 455: 437:Twisted Sister 378: 375: 373: 370: 325: 322: 203:, abbreviated 161: 160: 158: 157: 152: 146: 143: 142: 138: 137: 131: 130: 126: 125: 119: 118: 114: 113: 110: 106: 105: 103: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 62: 57: 51: 49: 45: 44: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7256: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7184: 7181: 7178: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7168:Straight edge 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7085: 7083: 7079: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7052: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7033: 7027: 7024: 7021: 7017: 7016:United States 7014: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7001: 7000: 6997: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6951: 6950:List of bands 6948: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6856: 6854: 6850: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6827: 6824: 6823: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6796:Post-hardcore 6794: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6781: 6780: 6777: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6698: 6697: 6696:Electronicore 6694: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6656:Hardcore punk 6654: 6652: 6649: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6631: 6630: 6627: 6623: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6596: 6593: 6592: 6591: 6588: 6584: 6581: 6580: 6579: 6576: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6563: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6554:fusion genres 6550: 6540: 6537: 6536: 6535: 6532: 6531: 6530: 6527: 6526: 6524: 6520: 6516: 6509: 6504: 6502: 6497: 6495: 6490: 6489: 6486: 6474: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6460: 6457: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6412: 6410: 6408: 6404: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6294: 6292: 6290:and movements 6286: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6233: 6230: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6211: 6208: 6204: 6201: 6200: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6189: 6183: 6180: 6176: 6173: 6172: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6075: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6003: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5996:Extreme metal 5994: 5992: 5991:Electronicore 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5970: 5967: 5966: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5939: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5897: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5867:fusion genres 5865:Subgenres and 5862: 5858: 5851: 5846: 5844: 5839: 5837: 5832: 5831: 5828: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5807: 5805: 5801: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5717: 5712: 5710: 5705: 5703: 5698: 5697: 5694: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5654: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5637: 5634: 5630: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5609:E-Onkyo music 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5593: 5588: 5585: 5581: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5537: 5535: 5531: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5435: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5398: 5394: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5369: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5281: 5278: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5266: 5257: 5254: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5240: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5230:Karaoke Chart 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5220:Singles Chart 5218: 5217: 5216: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5206: 5200: 5197: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5188: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5178: 5168: 5165: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5152: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5139: 5136: 5135: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5122: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5095: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5070: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5022: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4991:Hardcore punk 4989: 4985: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4958: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4923: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4893: 4888: 4885: 4881: 4876: 4873: 4872: 4870: 4869: 4867: 4863: 4860: 4853: 4845: 4840: 4837: 4831: 4826: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4814: 4811: 4807: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4783: 4778: 4775: 4771: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4737: 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Routledge. 4382: 4381: 4375: 4371: 4365: 4361: 4360: 4354: 4350: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4325: 4320: 4313: 4308: 4301: 4296: 4290:, p. 82. 4289: 4284: 4268: 4264: 4257: 4250: 4245: 4243: 4226: 4220: 4213: 4208: 4192: 4191: 4186: 4180: 4178: 4161: 4157: 4151: 4144: 4133: 4132: 4127: 4120: 4104: 4100: 4094: 4086: 4084:9780824896874 4080: 4076: 4072: 4071: 4063: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4045: 4038: 4030: 4024: 4023:cite magazine 4017: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3992: 3976: 3972: 3966: 3958: 3956:9783030014858 3952: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3915: 3908: 3901: 3888: 3884: 3878: 3871: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3842: 3834: 3823: 3819: 3812: 3805: 3793: 3789: 3783: 3776: 3763: 3759: 3758: 3753: 3752:"Kabuki Rock" 3746: 3744: 3742: 3725: 3721: 3720: 3715: 3709: 3702: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3680: 3674: 3667: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3643: 3636: 3624: 3620: 3619: 3614: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3585: 3584: 3579: 3573: 3557: 3553: 3547: 3532:(in Japanese) 3531: 3527: 3520: 3504: 3498: 3482: 3476: 3460: 3454: 3438: 3432: 3416: 3410: 3394: 3393: 3388: 3382: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3352: 3336: 3330: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3300: 3284: 3280: 3273: 3257: 3253: 3246: 3230: 3226: 3219: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3189: 3174: 3173: 3168: 3161: 3145: 3137: 3122: 3118: 3110: 3094: 3090: 3082: 3067:. 3 July 2009 3066: 3062: 3056: 3040: 3036: 3029: 3013: 3009: 3002: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2970:, p. 81. 2969: 2964: 2957: 2952: 2945: 2940: 2924: 2920: 2913: 2898: 2897: 2892: 2885: 2869: 2865: 2859: 2843: 2837: 2830: 2825: 2818: 2817: 2803: 2802: 2797: 2793: 2792:Strauss, Neil 2787: 2785: 2783: 2771: 2763: 2761:9781317588191 2757: 2753: 2749: 2742: 2736:, p. 58. 2735: 2730: 2715: 2711: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2686: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2659: 2642: 2637: 2633: 2624: 2609:. 15 May 2010 2608: 2604: 2596: 2580: 2576: 2568: 2553:(in Japanese) 2552: 2551: 2546: 2540: 2524: 2523:cdjournal.com 2520: 2512: 2506:, pp. 104–105 2505: 2500: 2493: 2488: 2472: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2454: 2436: 2431: 2427: 2418: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2380: 2373: 2368: 2362:, p. 57. 2361: 2356: 2354: 2337: 2333: 2327: 2325: 2308: 2304: 2298: 2282: 2278: 2272: 2270: 2254:(in Japanese) 2253: 2252:hide-city.com 2249: 2243: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2213: 2197: 2193: 2192: 2187: 2181: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2151: 2149: 2132: 2128: 2120: 2104: 2100: 2092: 2076: 2075: 2070: 2064: 2062: 2045: 2041: 2034: 2032: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2011:, p. 78. 2010: 2005: 2003: 1986: 1980: 1973: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1938: 1931: 1927: 1925:9780811857963 1921: 1917: 1916: 1908: 1901: 1896: 1889: 1877: 1873: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1845: 1839: 1837: 1820: 1814: 1806: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1785: 1778: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1748: 1744: 1743: 1738: 1735:Koji Dejima. 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1705: 1694: 1693: 1688: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1669: 1664: 1660: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1639:Japanese rock 1637: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1621: 1620:Daizystripper 1615: 1610: 1606: 1599: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1580: 1575: 1571: 1565: 1560: 1556: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1520: 1515: 1511: 1505: 1500: 1499: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1393:Rock and Read 1389: 1385: 1384: 1379: 1375: 1374: 1369: 1362: 1359: 1354: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1332: 1331: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1311:Anti Feminism 1308: 1302: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1282: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1201: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1004: 1000: 996: 990: 988: 984: 976: 972: 963: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 936: 931: 926: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 853: 851: 847: 839: 835: 831: 822: 820: 812: 811: 806: 802: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 769: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 743: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 716:L'Arc-en-Ciel 709: 704: 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 672:Tokyo Yankees 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 644: 642: 638: 637: 632: 631: 626: 625: 620: 619: 614: 613: 608: 604: 603: 598: 597: 592: 588: 584: 579: 577: 576: 571: 567: 563: 559: 558: 557:Sexual XXXXX! 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manga 1187:androgynous 1164:electronica 1156:heavy metal 1148:music genre 940:Los Angeles 861:the Gazette 857:Dir En Grey 846:live houses 793:Dir En Grey 765:(1995) and 633:(1993) and 630:Art of Life 599:(1988) and 587:Aku no Hana 445:Mötley Crüe 441:Hanoi Rocks 296:the Gazette 292:Dir En Grey 245:gothic rock 237:heavy metal 194:Bijuaru kei 123:Eroguro kei 75:gothic rock 65:heavy metal 7204:Visual kei 7198:Categories 7173:Punk films 7026:Yugoslavia 7020:California 6923:By country 6914:Visual kei 6889:Noise rock 6879:Industrial 6806:Punk blues 6789:Skate punk 6745:Thrashcore 6735:Riot grrrl 6644:Gypsy punk 6607:Dance-punk 6583:Avant-punk 6566:Crust punk 6534:Proto-punk 6522:Precursors 6237:Distortion 6215:Blast beat 6125:Post-metal 6120:Pornogrind 6023:Glam metal 6018:Funk metal 6001:Folk metal 5981:Doom metal 5964:Death-doom 5932:Crust punk 5815:Visual kei 5810:Gyaru-moji 5755:Genderless 5619:Line Music 5571:Unlimited) 5347:Being Inc. 5317:Avex Group 5249:Hot Albums 5187:Ainu music 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metal 419:Real Sound 395:D'erlanger 363:Okeshō Kei 346:JRock News 335:Blue Blood 315:ネオ・ヴィジュアル系 308:Versailles 304:Girugamesh 300:Alice Nine 264:D'erlanger 166:Visual kei 95:electronic 60:shock rock 37:cosplaying 24:Visual kei 7244:Androgyny 7158:Punk zine 7118:DIY ethic 7098:Afro-punk 6992:Trallpunk 6930:Australia 6894:Post-punk 6843:Surf punk 6811:Punk jazz 6762:Nazi punk 6740:Taqwacore 6730:Queercore 6701:Crunkcore 6691:Deathcore 6686:Metalcore 6634:Anti-folk 6629:Folk punk 6539:Glam punk 6515:Punk rock 6463:Hard rock 6430:Festivals 6277:Screaming 6203:Fuzz bass 6145:Rap metal 6130:Pop metal 6073:Metalcore 6038:Grindcore 6028:Goregrind 5959:Deathcore 5947:Technical 5922:Blackgaze 5905:Symphonic 5604:Dwango.jp 5575:RecoChoku 5396:Musicians 5192:Rekuhkara 5089:Being-kei 5038:Synth-pop 4887:Idol-kayō 4875:Mood-kayō 4855:Post-War 4760:Kayōkyoku 4634:Ekaki Uta 4622:Kazoe Uta 4273:20 August 4166:20 August 4109:20 August 4010:20 August 3981:2 January 3893:20 August 3827:20 August 3695:20 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