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303:, also known as "Death hath Deprived Me"). Some of Weelkes's madrigals were reprinted in popular collections during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but none of his verse anthems were printed until 1966, since when he has become recognised as one of the most important church composers of his time.
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and his wife
Johanne. If this was so, the boy was the Thomas Weeke baptised at Elsted on 25 October 1576; he had at least five siblings. Brown adds that there is no firmer evidence about Weelkes's childhood and musical training, although one piece of information is found in the preface to Weelkes’s
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Dyvers tymes & very often come so disguised eyther from the
Taverne or Ale house into the quire as is muche to be lamented, for in these humoures he will bothe curse & sweare most dreadfully, & so profane the service of God … and though he hath bene often tymes admonished … to refrayne
91:
Esquire, Groom to her
Majesty’s Privy Chamber". In the preface to his first volume of madrigals (1597) Weelkes states that he was a very young man at the time of their composition – "my yeeres yet unripened" – which, in Brown's view, confirms that he was born in the middle or later 1570s. By 1597
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Weelkes remained at the college for three or four years, and, according to Brown, during this period he composed his finest madrigals. They appeared in two volumes (1598 and 1600); Brown calls the second – works for five and six voices – "one of the most important volumes in the
English madrigal
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puts it, Weelkes "was not the only disorderly member of the cathedral establishment, though in due course he would become its most celebrated." In 1609 he was charged with unauthorised absence from
Chichester, but no mention of drunken behaviour is made until 1613, and in
204:
In 1622 Elizabeth
Weelkes died. Weelkes was, by this time, reinstated at Chichester Cathedral, but appears to have been spending a great deal of time in London. He died in London in 1623, in the house of a friend and was buried on 1 December 1623 at
279:
described as the most famous of the
English madrigalists): it has been suggested that the personalities of the two men - Wilbye appears to have been a more sober character than Weelkes - are reflected in the music. Both men were interested in
209:. His will, made the day before he died at the house of his friend Henry Drinkwater of St Bride's parish, left his estate to be shared between his three children, with a 50-shilling legacy left to Drinkwater for his meat, drink and lodging.
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dismissed him for being drunk at the organ and using bad language during divine service. He was reinstated and remained in the post until his death, although his behaviour did not improve; in 1619 he was again reported to the bishop:
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Walter S. Collins observes, "one would hardly dare publish such a claim if it were not true". Brown infers that Wilkes may have been a
Gentleman Extraordinary – a temporary rather than a permanent appointment.
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Weelkes, by his own account, had enjoyed the "undeserved love, and liberall good will" of George
Phillpot, who lived at Compton, near Winchester. Towards the end of 1598 he was appointed organist of
244:, which would have suited the small forces available at Chichester Cathedral. It has been suggested that larger-scale pieces were intended for the Chapel Royal. His
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in July 1602. On 20 February he 1603 married
Elizabeth Sandham, the daughter of a wealthy Chichester merchant; they had at least three children.
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who died in 1602, when Weelkes was in his mid-twenties (Weelkes commemorated his death in a madrigal-form anthem titled
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On the title page of Weelkes's fourth and final volume of madrigals, published in 1608, he refers to himself as a
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theis humors and reforme hym selfe, yett he daylye continuse the same, & is rather worse than better therein.
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In 1616 Weelkes was reported to the bishop for being "noted and famed for a comon drunckard [
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Only a small amount of instrumental music was written by Weelkes, and it is rarely performed. His
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John Shepherd has suggested caution in assuming that Weelkes's decline began before that date.
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There is no documentary evidence about Weelkes's early years. According to the biographer
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550:"Every piece of music at King Charles' coronation service at Westminster Abbey"
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At some time between October 1601 and October 1602 Weelkes joined the choir of
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music is sombre in tone, contrasting with the often gleeful madrigals.
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were often in trouble with the authorities for poor behaviour. As the
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Shepherd, John (1980). "Thomas Weelkes: a Biographical Caution".
622:"Recent Discoveries Concerning the Biography of Thomas Weelkes"
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services than any other major composer of the time, mostly for
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at a salary of 13s. 4d. a quarter, with board and lodging.
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Weelkes is best known for his vocal music, especially his
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Since Robin Hood, Maid Marian and Little John are gone
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22:(1576 (?) – 1623) was an English composer and
271:Weelkes's madrigals are often compared to those of
174:] and notorious swearer & blasphemer". The
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398:
603:Thomas Weelkes: A Biographical and Critical Study
292:and unconventional rhythm in their construction.
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738:Welch, C. E. (1957). "Two Cathedral Organists".
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34:. His works are chiefly vocal, and include
873:English classical composers of church music
150:While Weelkes was at Chichester members of
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556:. Global Media & Entertainment Limited
295:Weelkes was friendly with the madrigalist
772:International Music Score Library Project
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713:"Chichester Cathedral and Thomas Weelkes"
685:Starkey, David; Greening, Katie (2013).
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301:A Remembrance of my Friend Thomas Morley
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250:O Lord, grant the King a long life
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717:Sussex Archaeological Collections
119:) with, in addition, a well-paid
883:English male classical organists
868:English male classical composers
863:17th-century classical composers
471:, Oxford University Press, 2004
444:, Oxford University Press, 2004
277:Dictionary of National Biography
232:and church music. He wrote more
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848:17th-century English composers
843:16th-century English composers
284:. Weelkes' madrigals are very
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833:English Renaissance composers
768:Free scores by Thomas Weelkes
758:Free scores by Thomas Weelkes
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136:Gentleman of the Chapel Royal
762:Choral Public Domain Library
475:UK public library membership
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142:do not mention him, but the
123:. He obtained the degree of
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878:17th-century male musicians
823:English classical organists
536:Starkey & Greening 2013
216:Weelkes' memorial stone in
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818:English madrigal composers
620:Collins, Walter S (1963).
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576:"Thomas Weelkes biography"
240:. Many of his anthems are
838:English Baroque composers
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26:. He became organist of
798:Thomas Weelkes biography
792:Here of a Sunday Morning
788:Thomas Weelkes biography
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348:Master of the Choristers
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58:Weelkes madrigal print:
651:(subscription required)
446:(subscription required)
288:and use varied organic
252:, was performed at the
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111:informator choristarum
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711:Ford, Wyn K. (1962).
670:10.1093/mq/LXVI.4.505
658:The Musical Quarterly
601:Brown, David (1969).
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162:The Musical Quarterly
138:. The records at the
85:Ballets and Madrigals
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781:has compositions by
353:Chichester Cathedral
329:Chichester Cathedral
218:Chichester Cathedral
105:Chichester Cathedral
32:Chichester Cathedral
828:Cathedral organists
638:10.1093/ml/44.2.123
626:Music & Letters
129:New College, Oxford
115:(instructor of the
30:in 1598, moving to
687:Music and Monarchy
442:Grove Music Online
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94:Winchester College
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28:Winchester College
740:Chichester Papers
696:978-1-84-990586-2
612:978-0-57-108933-8
605:. London: Faber.
554:www.classicfm.com
490:, pp. 25–26.
473:(subscription or
465:"Weelkes, Thomas"
438:"Weelkes, Thomas"
395:, pp. 19–21.
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360:Succeeded by
336:Succeeded by
309:Cultural offices
246:coronation anthem
198:St Bride's Church
125:Bachelor of Music
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802:Singers.com
273:John Wilbye
83:collection
68:David Brown
812:Categories
723:: 156–72.
512:Brown 1969
488:Brown 1969
408:Brown 1969
393:Brown 1969
370:References
357:1602–1623
333:1602–1623
117:choristers
477:required)
380:Citations
286:chromatic
275:(who the
267:Madrigals
256:in 2023.
230:madrigals
152:its choir
36:madrigals
794:website.
324:Organist
238:evensong
234:Anglican
44:services
24:organist
804:website
774:(IMSLP)
770:at the
760:in the
595:Sources
582:14 July
578:. HOASM
261:consort
180:Chapter
40:anthems
693:
678:741964
676:
646:731100
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80:Sussex
76:Elsted
72:rector
62:, 1608
674:JSTOR
642:JSTOR
560:7 May
375:Notes
224:Music
127:from
777:The
744:VIII
691:ISBN
607:ISBN
584:2014
562:2023
178:and
176:Dean
50:Life
42:and
800:on
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