259:, arrived on the island. He had organized a fleet of colonists hoping to establish an island colony, after hearing about the success of the English on Saint Kitts, but his fleet was destroyed by a run-in with the Spanish Armada. Only his flagship and its passengers survived to reach St. Kitts. Feeling sorry for the French colonists, Warner allowed them to settle on the island. Saint Kitts was thus the site of the first French settlement in the Caribbean. They took the ruins of the town of Dieppe, which they rebuilt. Warner accepted the French to gain more Europeans on the island, as he thought the local Kalinago were becoming less enthusiastic about the newcomers.
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After checking each island, Warner decided that Saint Kitts would be the best-suited site for an
English colony. He noted its strategic central position ideal for expansion, friendly native population, fertile soil, abundant fresh water, and large salt deposits. He and his family landed on the island
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In 1643 Warner was appointed as
Parliamentary Governor of the Caribee Islands. After his first wife died, he was said to have taken a Carib woman in a 'common-law marriage' and they had a lasting relationship. Warner died on March 10, 1649, in St. Kitts and was buried in a tomb in Middle Island. The
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and other
Amerindians at this time to take sacrifices to appease "Bat man," to ensure the dry season ended and the wet season began. (This was called the season of "Frog woman".) Kalinago had gathered from various islands at St. Christopher at the time, because of its location: on the border between
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According to Du Tertre, in the ensuing battle, three to four thousand Caribs took up arms against the
Europeans. He did not estimate the number of Caribs killed, but said the fallen Amerindians on the beach were piled high into a mound. The English and French suffered at least 100 casualties. Others
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Warner left his family on the island and returned to
England to gather more men to officially establish a colony. He was supported by Ralph Merrifield, a merchant, who provided the capital, and the brothers John and Samuel Jeaffreson. The Jeaffresons agreed to bring a second vessel with settlers and
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The
English and French joined forces and attacked the Carib at night. The colonists killed between 100 and 120 Caribs in their beds that night, with only the most beautiful Carib women spared to serve as slaves. The French and English set about fortifying the island against the expected invasion of
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slaves for labour. They were forced to develop and work on large sugar and tobacco plantations to raise commodity crops for export. As the years passed, Sir Thomas Warner amassed a wealth that would amount to over £100 million in today's terms. He died on March 10, 1649, in St. Kitts, and he was
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the islands controlled by different groups, it was used as a base for
Kalinago raids against the Taino. Evidence of atrocity was that the Europeans killed so many and defiled the Kalinago place of worship, a means of frightening the Kalinago of neighbouring islands.
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Ethnologists have put the events into a different context. The killings occurred in late
January, near the middle of the dry season. The Kalinago called this the season of "Bat man", due to the abundance of the species then. Usually, they made raids on the
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Warner's concerns proved accurate. As the
European population on Saint Kitts continued to increase, Tegremante grew suspicious of the foreigners. In 1626, after a secret meeting with Kalinago heads from neighbouring Waitikubuli
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The early accounts were by
Europeans and told from their point of view. Modern scientists and historians estimate that many of their claims were fraudulent or exaggerated in order to justify the killings.
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in the south; and the British gaining the centre. Both groups colonised neighbouring islands from their bases. The English settled Nevis (1628),
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of South America, which was abandoned the same year. The Dutch controlled most of the territory. Warner is noted for settling on
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and established the colony of Saint Christopher, the first English colony in the Caribbean. He established a port town at
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After the Kalinago Genocide of 1626 and the subsequent partitioning of the island, Warner imported many thousands of
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Tomas Painton, another captain in the colony, suggested that Warner should try to colonise one of the islands in the
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He later married and started a family with his wife, which included their son Philip. Thomas Warner had an
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woman named Barbe. She had recently been brought to St. Kitts as a slave-wife after the Kalinago raided an
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who became an explorer in the Caribbean. In 1620 he served at the brief-lived English settlement of
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mistress on St. Kitts, and their son was called "Indian Warner". Indian Warner was killed in the
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guards. In 1620 he accepted assignment to the colonies, and took his family with him to the
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Carib woman was reported to have given birth to many other children after Warner's death.
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in 1580. He entered the army at an early age, which provided him with his main training.
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and establishing it in 1624 as the first English colony in the Caribbean.
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supplies. Warner returned to St. Kitts on January 28, 1624, with the
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Histoire Generale des Antilles..., 2 vols. Paris: Jolly, 1667, I:5–6
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Captain in the guards of James I of England (1580–1649)
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Perpetrators of Indigenous genocides in North America
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601:History of British Saint Christopher and Nevis
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496:Interesting sites on Saint Kitts and Nevis
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340:and Montserrat in 1625.
257:Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc
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282:Jean-Baptiste Du Tertre
235:people of the islands.
433:A History of St. Kitts
482:Du Tertre (1667), I:6
343:The French colonised
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363:Slave trade
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580:Categories
562:1632–1635
538:1623–1649
415:2023-05-15
392:References
349:Guadeloupe
345:Martinique
334:Montserrat
326:Basseterre
322:Capisterre
316:After the
170:Massacre.
106:April 2013
76:newspapers
184:James I's
380:See also
355:(1648).
353:St Barts
338:Barbados
270:Dominica
245:Old Road
241:Hopewell
222:Kalinago
209:St Kitts
168:Dominica
369:African
330:Antigua
180:captain
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