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Artistic depictions of the Partition of India

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wanted an education above marriage; Puri, whose ideology and principles often came in the way of his impoverished circumstances; Asad, who was ready to sacrifice his love for the sake of communal harmony. Their lives—and those of other memorable characters—are forever altered as the carnage that ensues on the eve of Independence shatters the beauty and peace of the land, killing millions of Hindus and Muslims, and forcing others to leave their homes forever. Published in English translation for the first time, Yashpal's controversial novel is a politically charged, powerful tale of human suffering.
35: 1585:(2001), is an Indian movie about the Partition; notable for shocking scenes of riot and massacre of Hindus and Sikhs being killed in the famous scene of train full of dead bodies of Hindu and Sikh people escaping from Pakistan. The train was marked by Pakistani mobs by writing "Ajadi Ka Tohfa," that translates as "Gift of Independence" on it. In the movie the trains that came from Pakistan had another sentence written on them, which translates as "Indians! learn cutting from us." It was a major hit. 1565:. The story follows the life of a south Indian Brahmin man caught up in the madness surrounding the direct action day in Calcutta and the subsequent events culminating in the assassination of Gandhi. It portrays the greatness of M.K. Gandhi in a telling way and also shows how even educated men acted mad out of grief and rage during the partition. The screenplay touches on many things that are common to the modern nations of India and Pakistan, starting from the Indus valley civilisation. 362:(1959). Translated into English by the author in 1998. Reprint 2019 by New Directions. "River of Fire tells a completist and syncretistic version of 2,500 years of history in modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh—beginning with the Nanda Dynasty on the brink of defeat by the founder of the Mauryan Empire (323 to 185 BCE), and ending in post-Partition despair." 570:
Jhootha Sach is arguably the most outstanding piece of Hindi literature written about the Partition. Reviving life in Lahore as it was before 1947, the book opens on a nostalgic note, with vivid descriptions of the people that lived in the city's streets and lanes like Bhola Pandhe Ki Gali: Tara, who
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is a novel by Amitav Ghosh. It is a non-linear narrative that covers several crucial periods in the history of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. It explored the themes of violence, memory, loss, and of the 'grand narratives' propagated by those in power, as opposed to the more individual and personal
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was first published in 1956. Singh's version of the Partition is a social one, providing human accounts in a diverse, detailed character base where each person has unique points of view, pointing out that everyone is equally at fault and that placing blame was irrelevant. Interwoven with this point
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to create literary/cinematic depictions of this event. While some creations depicted the massacres during the refugee migration, others concentrated on the aftermath of the partition in terms of difficulties faced by the refugees in both side of the border. Even now, more than 60 years after the
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which is the story of a Muslim family in Ludhyiana (located in undivided Punjab) and two lovers Hassan and Bano who got separated during partition. The heart breaking story of the partition of India further continues after the independence of Pakistan. Later, the novel was also adapted into a
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is a non-profit non-governmental organization dedicated to institutionalizing the people's history of Partition through documenting, preserving and sharing eye witness accounts from all ethnic, religious and economic communities affected by the Partition of British India in 1947.
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fleeing to Pakistan during the partition, however Kamala's great-grandmother, Aisha, who is from an alternate dimension is killed by her former ally and fellow inhabitant of the alternate dimension, while her grandmother and great-grandfather manage to make it out
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that chronicled the events surrounding the first Independence Day celebrations in 1947. There is a paucity of films related to the independence and partition. Early films relating to the circumstances of the independence, partition and the aftermath include
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wrote this famous surrealistic fiction full of satirical references to the event of partition and independence. The "midnight" alluded to in the title is the moment at which partition and independence became official. It was later adapted into a film
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is an Urdu novel that focuses on the partition as memory, through the lens of protagonist Zakir, a historian who seeks to come to terms with this memory in the context of the happenings in 1971 in Pakistan leading up to the formation of Bangladesh.
1534:(1998), an India/Canada co-production, is a thoughtful examination of a circle of friends and acquaintances affected by the Partition. A scoundrel uses communal violence as an excuse for retaliation against a romantic rival. The film is based on 613:
When a portion of the Muslims from the various regions of India were trying to get to Pakistan, some faced attacks from Hindu and Sikh groups, during their journeys, that involved snatching of money, and jewellery of their wives and daughters.
627:, a Hindi novel by Krishna Baldev Vaid, portrays the psychological and sociological transformations in a West Punjabi village in the phase leading up to the Partition, with emphasis on commensal taboos and hardened community boundaries. 733:
which is the story of a Hindu Girl who was kidnapped by a Muslim young man who married her. At the time of partition that girl again got chance to go to her family and re-unite which she refuses as she starts loving her husband. A
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is not about partition, it does contain a long and graphic chapter describing the main character's mother's flight as a young Sikh girl from what would become Pakistani Punjab, during which her beloved older sister was abducted.
653:, an Urdu novel by Abdullah Hussein, tracks the prehistory of the partition through the experiences of the main character, Naeem, a veteran of the First World War who faces up to the futility and meaningless of the partition. 883:
are the subtle questions of morality which Singh asks through his characters, such as whether or not the bad needs to be recognized to promote the good, and what constitutes a good deed. It was adapted into a Hindi film
2613: 1014:, and their fight against the tide. The story stretches from a pre-independence period to early 1980s and reflects the socio-economical changes that this region went through during this long period of time. 1503:, the theme was reverse in this film as herein a Hindu family brings an illegitimate Muslim child, who grows up to become a Hindu fundamentalist. The film was critically acclaimed, and won the 2327: 2515: 2948: 640:, a Hindi novel by Rahi Masoom Reza, represents the experiences of subaltern Indian Muslims in village Gangauli, and their distinctive take on the vacuity of 'high politics'. 2246: 714:
is a novel by Attia Hosain which depicts the experiences of the protagonist, Laila, a young woman from a taluqdari family of Oudh, in the years leading up to the partition.
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Richard Attenborough's film on Gandhi's life has several scenes dealing with the lead up to partition, the violence, and Gandhi's reaction. The movie won 8 Academy Awards
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is a novel by Balachandra Rajan that portrays the experiences of an Indian educated abroad who returns home to face the horror of the Partition.
1140:, the violence and bloodshed in aftermath of partition of India in 1947 and examines the nature and futility of divisive politics and religion. 795:). The majority of stories by this Urdu writer from Punjab revolve around the end of the Raj, Partition and communalism. His stories include 3098: 3076: 2335: 2130:
Mandal, Somdatta (2008). "Constructing Post-partition Bengali Cultural Identity through Films". In Bhatia, Nandi; Roy, Anjali Gera (eds.).
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by Samira Fazal was a series on Hum TV that follows the story of Bano and her trials and tribulations in migrating from India to Pakistan
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Raychaudhuri, Anindya (2009). "Resisting the Resistible: Re-writing Myths of Partition in the Works of Ritwik Ghatak".
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learns about her family heritage and how it was affected by the sectarian violence unleashed by the Partition.
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that deal with the partition of India and Pakistan. The book was published by HarperCollins Publishers India
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and was viewed more than 1.6 million times before officially debuting on television on 15 November 2013.
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Azadi (Freedom). New Delhi, Arnold-Heinemann, and Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1975; London, Deutsch, 1977
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cite the Partition of India as a key reason for its founding in December 1947. Those members included
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that describes the sacrifices of Muslims of the sub-continent during the time of partition in 1947.
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which explores the history and current climate on both sides of the Indo-Pakistani divide (2007).
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Literature, Partition and the Nation-State: Culture and Conflict in Ireland, Israel and Palestine
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i ("New Story") movement of the 1950s, deals with historical context on the based on the rise of
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Some of the books and films are discussed here. However, the list is far from being exhaustive.
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The Partition Anti-Memorial Project by Pritika Chowdhry commemorates the Partition of India.
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with their childhood communities and villages through virtual reality digital experiences.
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in 1947. It premiered from 3 December 2013 to 11 January 2014, in a production directed by
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Bhatia, Nandi (1996). "Twentieth Century Hindi Literature". In Natarajan, Nalini (ed.).
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Contemporary Indian artists that have made significant artworks about the Partition are
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depicted riots in a small Indian town. The novel was later adapted into a TV series by
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partition, works of fiction and films are made that relate to the events of partition.
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and the associated bloody riots inspired many creative minds in the republics of
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Dwyer, R. (2010). "Bollywood's India: Hindi Cinema as a Guide to Modern India".
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that features some of the graphic violence that occurred during the partition.
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South Asian Partition Fiction in English: From Khushwant Singh to Amitav Ghosh
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Literature describing the human cost of independence and partition comprises
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in Pakistan. It is written by a Police officer who traveled in this train.
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in Urdu, it is a true story based on a train journey from Indian city of
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etc. Some of his characters became legendary. An online translation of
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The partition of India figures in a good deal of imaginative writing...
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Tu Hindu banega na Musalman banega, insaan ki aulaad hai, insaan banega
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that includes his narration on the account of bringing his family from
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Partitioned Lives: Narratives of Home, Displacement, and Resettlement
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Interpreter of Maladies (1999). Mariner Books/Houghton Mifflin.
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The Broken Pens: The (Indian) Partition in Literature and Films
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It was first Hindi film to depict the partition of India, and
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from Aaliya's perspective. The novel was also adapted into a
106: 2909:"Google reunion ad reignites hope for easier Indo-Pak visas" 1733: 126:, responsible for deciding which parts of India went where. 2594: 2205:
Mourning the Nation: Indian Cinema in the Wake of Partition
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was a 2003 film, adapted from the novel by same name by
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family and the problems they face because of Partition.
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University, © Stanford; Stanford; California 94305.
2516:"Nehru's vision shaped many Bollywood golden oldies" 1132:, noted 20th-century Hindi writer, a pioneer of the 2655:
Social Transformations: Journal of the Global South
2614:"Progressive Artists Group of Bombay: An Overview" 2425:Narrating partition: texts, interpretations, ideas 2421: 2049:Handbook of Twentieth-Century Literatures of India 1944:by Rajinder singh Bedi was a daily soap in zee tv. 812:is available. "Toba Tek Singh" was the basis for 775: 738:based on the novel was released in 2003 while the 2693: 2648: 2240: 2238: 2236: 344: 3122: 1864:. The museum was inaugurated on 25 August 2017. 1588: 1269: 3047:"Ms Marvel adds time travel twist to episode 4" 2930:"This ad from Google India brought me to tears" 2244: 1848:is a public museum located in the town hall in 1070:. Later the story was made into a film, called 1002:(East and the West) is an epic Bengali saga by 935:, and later a one-off four-hour feature film. 825: 122:in his poem "Partition" showed the dilemmas of 2233: 1732:A feature-length award-winning documentary by 704: 630: 2281: 1438:, and concerns an impoverished genteel Hindu 783:(1987) is a collection of stories written by 3070: 2287: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2039: 804:, Iss Manjdhar Mein, Mozalle, Babu Gopi Nath 124:Cyril John Radcliffe, 1st Viscount Radcliffe 3083:: Anglo-Indian Writers and the Partition". 2876: 2868:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2136:. Pearson Education India. pp. 66–69. 2015:. Cambridge University Press. p. 104. 1196:is an Urdu-language award winning novel by 282:(1998) (based on the aforementioned book), 3131:Literature of Indian independence movement 2927: 2157: 1860:into two independent countries: India and 1807:, Mahbubur Rahman, Promotesh D Pulak, and 1308:, adapted from Saadat Hasan Manto's story 1083: 1060:, written in the backdrop of the riots in 3044: 3012: 2989: 2694:Micieli-Voutsinas, Jacque (3 July 2015). 2666: 2415: 2195: 2118: 2082: 2080: 2002: 1486:, two years after he made his debut with 1445: 1128:(How Many Pakistan?) 2000 Hindi novel by 487:(1999). Mariner Books/Houghton Mifflin. 79:Learn how and when to remove this message 2552: 2504:. Monsters and Critics. 1 November 2006. 2372:"Films & Partition train of History" 742:adapted from the novel was broadcast on 643: 606:Khak aur Khoon is a historical novel by 92: 42:This article includes a list of general 3101:, and Ashim kumar Sarkar, eds. (2016). 2995: 2245:Vishwanath, Gita; Malik, Salma (2009). 1568: 687: 539: 14: 3123: 2928:Chatterjee, Rhitu (20 November 2013). 2791: 2582: 2450:"अदीबों की अदालत है 'कितने पाकिस्तान'" 2382: 2201: 2129: 2077: 2045: 2008: 954: 139:(1956), several short stories such as 2946: 2921: 2882: 2428:. Indialog Publications. p. 15. 2325: 2163: 1821:initiative that reconnects displaced 2564:International Film Festival of India 2532: 2319: 2009:Cleary, Joseph N. (3 January 2002). 1990:Opposition to the partition of India 1880:The 2013 Google India advertisement 871: 787:, published by Penguin Books India ( 617: 28: 2965: 2940: 2903: 2897: 2883:Naqvi, Sibtain (19 November 2013). 2792:Sharma, Ekatmata (17 August 2019). 2590:"Communal holocaust in Hindi films" 2086: 1168: 574: 565:This is Not That Dawn (Jhoota Sach) 24: 2981:. 14 November 2013. Archived from 2794:"Revisiting Partition through art" 2649:Micieli-Voutsinas, Jacque (2013). 2524:. 16 November 2009. Archived from 2364: 1890:) has had a strong impact in both 1799:, Pran Nath Mago, S. L. Parasher, 674: 599: 48:it lacks sufficient corresponding 25: 3152: 2996:Johnson, Kay (15 November 2013). 2947:Peter, Sunny (15 November 2013). 2202:Sarkar, Bhaskar (29 April 2009). 1875: 1746:Bombay Progressive Artist's Group 1116: 1017: 1725: 1636:in the role of the protagonist, 1555:wrote, directed, and starred in 1264: 1046: 992: 211:(1975) is a non-fiction work by 33: 3045:Fullerton, Huw (29 June 2022). 3038: 2836: 2811: 2785: 2759: 2734: 2687: 2642: 2606: 2508: 2494: 2468: 2442: 2350: 2087:Roy, Rituparna (15 July 2011). 1150:Semi-autobiographical novel by 981:(1980). New York: Knopf, 1981; 850: 781:Kingdom's End and Other Stories 776:Kingdom's End and Other Stories 584:in Urdu is an autobiography of 396:(1987). Penguin Books India. 393:Kingdom's End and Other Stories 376:(1980). New York: Knopf, 1981; 2598:. 24 June 2004. Archived from 1929:in 2018 deals with how series 729:is a Punjabi novel written by 345:Ordered by date of publication 13: 1: 3136:Partition of India in fiction 2819:"Partition Museum | Amritsar" 2712:10.1080/2373566X.2015.1103196 2476:"What's On: Drawing the Line" 2326:Ahsan, Kamil (22 July 2019). 2255:Economic and Political Weekly 1905: 1590:Khamosh Paani (Silent Waters) 1465: 1392: 1270:Films ordered by release date 1064:, was re-released in 1991 as 416:(1987). Penguin Books India. 2954:International Business Times 2845:"The 1947 Partition Archive" 2540:"Back Story: Separate lives" 2456:(in Hindi). 29 December 2003 2178:10.1080/03068374.2010.508231 1995: 1915:", the sixth episode of the 1643: 1222:TV series with the same name 833:Raavi Paar and Other Stories 827:Raavi Paar and Other Stories 258:(1962); later films include 7: 3141:Conflict in popular culture 2422:Sukrita Paul Kumar (2004). 2262:(36): 61–69. Archived from 1978: 1616: 712:Sunlight on a Broken Column 706:Sunlight on a Broken Column 632:Half a Village (Aadha Gaon) 10: 3157: 2934:Public Radio International 2560:"9th National Film Awards" 2095:Amsterdam University Press 2054:Greenwood Publishing Group 1985:The 1947 Partition Archive 1681:'s acclaimed Hindi novel, 1670: 1545: 1512:Best Feature Film in Hindi 1095:Pulitzer Prize for Fiction 549:Hoshyar Pur say Lahore tak 339: 157:(Freedom's Dawn, 1947) by 3071:General and cited sources 2634:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2302:10.1080/10350330903361158 1961:Marvel Cinematic Universe 1744:The early members of the 1708: 1698: 1184: 717: 1517: 1231: 1143: 908: 656: 3079:(July–December 2010). " 2315:(subscription required) 2191:(subscription required) 1923:science-fiction series 1420:(The Cloud-Capped Star) 1100:Interpreter of Maladies 1085:Interpreter of Maladies 749: 503:What the Body Remembers 483:Interpreter of Maladies 63:more precise citations. 1869:1947 Partition Archive 1739: 919:and the winner of the 197:(1980), which won the 187:(1988), among others. 98: 3109:: Aadi Publications. 2849:Spotlight at Stanford 2668:10.13185/ST2013.01103 2399:, later published as 2328:"The Alternate India" 2210:Duke University Press 1093:was awarded the 2000 1036:(2001). Random House 921:Sahitya Akademi Award 897:(1990). Grove Press; 651:The Weary Generations 645:The Weary Generations 527:(2001). Random House 498:Baldwin, Shauna Singh 466:(1990). Grove Press; 96: 2985:on 17 November 2013. 2961:on 21 November 2013. 2907:(15 November 2013). 2823:The Partition Museum 2798:Art Culture Festival 2746:Pritika Chowdhry Art 2056:. pp. 146–147. 1913:Demons of the Punjab 1582:Gadar: Ek Prem Katha 1570:Gadar: Ek Prem Katha 1474:Hindu fundamentalism 1413:'s last major role. 1357:Gadar: Ek Prem Katha 1249:and his part in the 772:(Pakistan) in 2010. 759:is an Urdu novel by 695:A Bend in the Ganges 689:A Bend in the Ganges 541:Hoshyarpur to Lahore 291:Gadar: Ek Prem Katha 175:A Bend in the Ganges 2890:The Express Tribune 2602:on 8 December 2017. 1508:National Film Award 1492:(1959), steeped in 1482:(1961) directed by 978:Midnight's Children 956:Midnight's Children 768:which broadcast on 443:later published as 388:Manto, Saadat Hasan 372:Midnight's Children 208:Freedom at Midnight 194:Midnight's Children 147:Saadat Hassan Manto 3026:. 11 November 2018 2978:The Times of India 2773:. 14 December 2017 2675:on 29 October 2021 2570:on 2 December 2016 2521:The Times of India 2097:. pp. 24–29. 1963:television series 1888:Partition of India 1613:in 1979 Pakistan. 1251:partition of India 1241:is a 2013 play by 1004:Sunil Gangopadhyay 941:Rajkamal Prakashan 785:Saadat Hasan Manto 351:Hyder, Qurratulain 217:Dominique Lapierre 103:Partition of India 99: 3115:978-93-82630-75-3 3085:Exploring History 2480:Hampstead Theatre 2435:978-81-87981-62-6 2219:978-0-8223-4411-7 2143:978-81-317-1416-4 2104:978-90-8964-245-5 2063:978-0-313-28778-7 2022:978-0-521-65732-7 1805:Tayeba Begum Lipi 1781:Anjolie Ela Menon 1677:Based on author, 1259:Hampstead Theatre 949:978-81-267-1539-8 895:Train to Pakistan 873:Train to Pakistan 699:Manohar Malgonkar 625:The Broken Mirror 619:The Broken Mirror 506:(2001). Anchor: 463:Train to Pakistan 279:Train to Pakistan 203:Booker of Bookers 171:Manohar Malgonkar 136:Train to Pakistan 89: 88: 81: 16:(Redirected from 3148: 3064: 3063: 3061: 3059: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3031: 3016: 3010: 3009: 3006:Associated Press 2993: 2987: 2986: 2969: 2963: 2962: 2957:. Archived from 2944: 2938: 2937: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2914:Deccan Chronicle 2901: 2895: 2894: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2867: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2789: 2783: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2771:The Heritage Lab 2763: 2757: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2691: 2685: 2684: 2682: 2680: 2671:. Archived from 2670: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2633: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2610: 2604: 2603: 2586: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2566:. Archived from 2556: 2550: 2549: 2536: 2530: 2529: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2498: 2492: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2472: 2466: 2465: 2463: 2461: 2446: 2440: 2439: 2419: 2413: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2378:. 5 August 2007. 2368: 2362: 2361: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2334:. Archived from 2323: 2317: 2316: 2313: 2290:Social Semiotics 2285: 2279: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2268: 2251: 2242: 2231: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2189: 2161: 2155: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2127: 2116: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2084: 2075: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2043: 2037: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2006: 1846:Partition Museum 1809:Pritika Chowdhry 1634:Urmila Matondkar 1431:Meghe Dhaka Tara 1418:Meghe Dhaka Tara 1277:Meghe Dhaka Tara 1238:Drawing the Line 1177:The Shadow Lines 1170:The Shadow Lines 967:by the same name 885:by the same name 582:Ali Pur Ka Aeeli 576:Ali Pur Ka Aeeli 517:Mistry, Rohinton 458:Singh, Khushwant 243:Meghe Dhaka Tara 84: 77: 73: 70: 64: 59:this article by 50:inline citations 37: 36: 29: 21: 3156: 3155: 3151: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3121: 3120: 3073: 3068: 3067: 3057: 3055: 3043: 3039: 3029: 3027: 3018: 3017: 3013: 2994: 2990: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2945: 2941: 2926: 2922: 2902: 2898: 2881: 2877: 2861: 2860: 2853: 2851: 2841: 2837: 2827: 2825: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2802: 2800: 2790: 2786: 2776: 2774: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2750: 2748: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2692: 2688: 2678: 2676: 2647: 2643: 2627: 2626: 2619: 2617: 2612: 2611: 2607: 2588: 2587: 2583: 2573: 2571: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2548:. 27 July 2012. 2538: 2537: 2533: 2528:on 13 May 2013. 2514: 2513: 2509: 2500: 2499: 2495: 2485: 2483: 2474: 2473: 2469: 2459: 2457: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2436: 2420: 2416: 2387: 2383: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2356: 2355: 2351: 2341: 2339: 2338:on 26 July 2019 2324: 2320: 2314: 2286: 2282: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2249: 2243: 2234: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2212:. p. 121. 2200: 2196: 2190: 2162: 2158: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2128: 2119: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2085: 2078: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2044: 2040: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2007: 2003: 1998: 1981: 1917:eleventh series 1908: 1878: 1815:Project Dastaan 1742: 1730: 1713: 1703: 1689:Govind Nihalani 1675: 1648: 1621: 1593: 1573: 1550: 1522: 1470: 1451: 1422: 1397: 1272: 1267: 1247:Cyril Radcliffe 1234: 1200:. Aangan means 1198:Khadija Mastoor 1189: 1173: 1148: 1121: 1088: 1051: 1026:Rohinton Mistry 1022: 997: 959: 913: 880:Khushwant Singh 876: 855: 830: 778: 754: 722: 709: 692: 682:The Dark Dancer 679: 676:The Dark Dancer 668:Intizar Hussain 661: 648: 635: 622: 604: 601:Khaak aur Khoon 579: 568: 544: 366:Rushdie, Salman 359:(River of Fire) 347: 342: 309:Madrasapattinam 159:Faiz Ahmad Faiz 131:Khushwant Singh 85: 74: 68: 65: 55:Please help to 54: 38: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3154: 3144: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3119: 3118: 3096: 3081:Hearts Divided 3072: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3037: 3011: 2988: 2964: 2939: 2920: 2896: 2875: 2835: 2810: 2784: 2758: 2733: 2706:(2): 398–413. 2686: 2641: 2605: 2581: 2551: 2531: 2507: 2493: 2467: 2441: 2434: 2414: 2402:Cracking India 2381: 2363: 2349: 2318: 2296:(4): 469–481. 2280: 2269:on 6 June 2014 2232: 2218: 2194: 2172:(3): 381–398. 2156: 2142: 2117: 2103: 2076: 2062: 2038: 2021: 2000: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1987: 1980: 1977: 1976: 1975: 1953: 1945: 1937: 1907: 1904: 1877: 1876:Advertisements 1874: 1819:peace-building 1797:Krishen Khanna 1741: 1738: 1729: 1724: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1674: 1669: 1647: 1642: 1620: 1615: 1592: 1587: 1572: 1567: 1549: 1544: 1540:Cracking India 1521: 1516: 1489:Dhool Ka Phool 1469: 1464: 1450: 1444: 1421: 1415: 1396: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1384:, directed by 1377: 1372:, directed by 1365: 1360:, directed by 1353: 1341: 1336:, directed by 1329: 1324:, directed by 1317: 1310:Toba Tek Singh 1304:, directed by 1297: 1292:, directed by 1285: 1280:, directed by 1271: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1243:Howard Brenton 1233: 1230: 1188: 1183: 1172: 1167: 1147: 1142: 1125:Kitne Pakistan 1120: 1118:Kitne Pakistan 1115: 1087: 1082: 1067:Cracking India 1056:'s 1989 novel 1050: 1045: 1033:A Fine Balance 1021: 1019:A Fine Balance 1016: 996: 991: 962:Salman Rushdie 958: 953: 912: 907: 875: 870: 861:'s 2006 novel 859:Vikram Chandra 854: 849: 829: 824: 809:Toba Tek Singh 802:Toba Tek Singh 777: 774: 753: 748: 744:TVOne Pakistan 721: 716: 708: 703: 697:is a novel by 691: 686: 678: 673: 660: 655: 647: 642: 638:Half a Village 634: 629: 621: 616: 603: 598: 578: 573: 567: 562: 543: 538: 537: 536: 523:A Fine Balance 514: 495: 477:Lahiri, Jhumpa 474: 455: 445:Cracking India 424: 408:Sahni, Bhisham 405: 385: 363: 346: 343: 341: 338: 189:Salman Rushdie 153:poems such as 142:Toba Tek Singh 87: 86: 41: 39: 32: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3153: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3075: 3074: 3054: 3053: 3048: 3041: 3025: 3021: 3015: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2992: 2984: 2980: 2979: 2974: 2968: 2960: 2956: 2955: 2950: 2943: 2935: 2931: 2924: 2916: 2915: 2910: 2906: 2900: 2892: 2891: 2886: 2879: 2871: 2865: 2850: 2846: 2839: 2824: 2820: 2814: 2799: 2795: 2788: 2772: 2768: 2762: 2747: 2743: 2737: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2700:GeoHumanities 2697: 2690: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2645: 2637: 2631: 2615: 2609: 2601: 2597: 2596: 2591: 2585: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2555: 2547: 2546: 2541: 2535: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2517: 2511: 2503: 2497: 2481: 2477: 2471: 2455: 2451: 2445: 2437: 2431: 2427: 2426: 2418: 2412: 2411:0-915943-56-5 2408: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2397:0-14-011767-9 2394: 2390: 2389:Ice-Candy Man 2385: 2377: 2373: 2367: 2359: 2353: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2322: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2284: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2256: 2248: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2221: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2206: 2198: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2166:Asian Affairs 2160: 2145: 2139: 2135: 2134: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2106: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2091: 2083: 2081: 2065: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2050: 2042: 2035: 2024: 2018: 2014: 2013: 2005: 2001: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1982: 1972: 1968: 1967: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1909: 1903: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1873: 1870: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1858:British India 1855: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1789:Nilima Sheikh 1786: 1785:Satish Gujral 1782: 1778: 1777:Nalini Malani 1773: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1737: 1735: 1728: 1727:The Sky Below 1723: 1721: 1717: 1716:Jamil Dehlavi 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1685: 1680: 1679:Bhisham Sahni 1673: 1668: 1666: 1665:Kristin Kreuk 1662: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1630:Amrita Pritam 1627: 1626: 1619: 1614: 1612: 1608: 1607:Silent Waters 1604: 1603: 1598: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1583: 1578: 1571: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1559: 1554: 1548: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1520: 1515: 1513: 1509: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1495: 1491: 1490: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1468: 1463: 1461: 1460: 1459:Komal Gandhar 1456: 1455:Ritwik Ghatak 1448: 1447:Komal Gandhar 1443: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1426:Ritwik Ghatak 1419: 1414: 1412: 1408: 1407: 1402: 1395: 1387: 1383: 1382: 1378: 1375: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1363: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1351: 1347: 1346: 1342: 1339: 1338:Jamil Dehlavi 1335: 1334: 1330: 1327: 1323: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1286: 1283: 1282:Ritwik Ghatak 1279: 1278: 1274: 1273: 1265:Feature films 1262: 1260: 1256: 1255:Howard Davies 1252: 1248: 1245:, centred on 1244: 1240: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1187: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1163:9780395194010 1160: 1155: 1153: 1146: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1126: 1119: 1114: 1113: 1112:0-395-92720-X 1109: 1104: 1102: 1101: 1096: 1092: 1091:Jhumpa Lahiri 1086: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1074: 1069: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1058:Ice-Candy Man 1055: 1049: 1048:Ice-Candy Man 1044: 1043: 1042:1-4000-3065-X 1039: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1027: 1020: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1008:East Pakistan 1005: 1001: 1000:Purbo-Paschim 995: 994:Purbo-Paschim 990: 988: 987:0-394-51470-X 984: 980: 979: 974: 972: 968: 963: 957: 952: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 929:the same name 926: 922: 918: 917:Bhisham Sahni 911: 906: 904: 903:0-8021-3221-9 900: 896: 892: 890: 886: 881: 878:This saga by 874: 869: 866: 865: 860: 853: 848: 846: 845:81-7223-275-6 842: 838: 834: 828: 823: 822: 820: 816:'s 1987 film 815: 811: 810: 805: 803: 799: 794: 793:0-14-011774-1 790: 786: 782: 773: 771: 767: 762: 758: 752: 747: 745: 741: 737: 732: 731:Amrita Pritam 728: 727: 720: 715: 713: 707: 702: 700: 696: 690: 685: 683: 677: 672: 669: 665: 659: 654: 652: 646: 641: 639: 633: 628: 626: 620: 615: 611: 609: 608:Naseem Hijazi 602: 597: 595: 591: 587: 583: 577: 572: 566: 561: 559: 555: 551: 550: 542: 534: 533:1-4000-3065-X 530: 526: 525: 524: 518: 515: 513: 512:0-385-49605-2 509: 505: 504: 499: 496: 494: 493:0-395-92720-X 490: 486: 485: 484: 478: 475: 473: 472:0-8021-3221-9 469: 465: 464: 459: 456: 454: 453:0-915943-56-5 450: 446: 442: 441:0-14-011767-9 438: 434: 433: 432:Ice-Candy Man 428: 427:Sidhwa, Bapsi 425: 423: 422:0-14-011477-7 419: 415: 414: 409: 406: 403: 402:0-14-011774-1 399: 395: 394: 389: 386: 383: 382:0-394-51470-X 379: 375: 374: 373: 367: 364: 361: 360: 358: 352: 349: 348: 337: 334: 332: 331: 326: 325: 320: 319: 315: 312:(2010),. The 311: 310: 305: 304: 299: 298: 293: 292: 287: 286: 281: 280: 275: 274: 269: 268: 263: 262: 257: 256: 251: 250: 249:Komal Gandhar 245: 244: 239: 238:Ritwik Ghatak 235: 234: 229: 228: 223: 218: 214: 213:Larry Collins 210: 209: 204: 200: 196: 195: 190: 186: 185: 184:Ice-Candy Man 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 163:Bhisham Sahni 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 143: 138: 137: 132: 127: 125: 121: 116: 112: 108: 104: 95: 91: 83: 80: 72: 62: 58: 52: 51: 45: 40: 31: 30: 27: 19: 18:Tamas (novel) 3102: 3087:1.1: 54–61. 3084: 3080: 3056:. Retrieved 3050: 3040: 3028:. Retrieved 3014: 2991: 2983:the original 2976: 2967: 2959:the original 2952: 2942: 2923: 2912: 2899: 2888: 2878: 2852:. Retrieved 2848: 2838: 2826:. Retrieved 2822: 2813: 2801:. Retrieved 2797: 2787: 2775:. Retrieved 2770: 2761: 2749:. Retrieved 2745: 2736: 2703: 2699: 2689: 2677:. Retrieved 2673:the original 2661:(1): 27–58. 2658: 2654: 2644: 2618:. Retrieved 2608: 2600:the original 2593: 2584: 2572:. 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Husain 1743: 1731: 1726: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1682: 1676: 1671: 1654: 1650:Directed by 1649: 1644: 1637: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1602:Khamosh Pani 1600: 1597:Sabiha Sumar 1595:Directed by 1594: 1589: 1580: 1575:Directed by 1574: 1569: 1556: 1553:Kamal Haasan 1551: 1546: 1539: 1536:Bapsi Sidhwa 1529: 1524:Directed by 1523: 1518: 1500: 1487: 1477: 1471: 1466: 1457: 1453:Directed by 1452: 1446: 1429: 1424:Directed by 1423: 1417: 1411:Balraj Sahni 1404: 1401:M. S. Sathyu 1399:Directed by 1398: 1393: 1379: 1374:Priyadarshan 1367: 1355: 1350:Kamal Haasan 1348:directed by 1343: 1331: 1319: 1306:Ken McMullen 1299: 1294:M. S. Sathyu 1287: 1275: 1257:at London's 1236: 1235: 1228:(Pakistan). 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1191: 1190: 1185: 1175: 1174: 1169: 1156: 1152:Chaman Nahal 1149: 1144: 1133: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1105: 1098: 1089: 1084: 1071: 1065: 1057: 1054:Bapsi Sidhwa 1052: 1047: 1031: 1030: 1023: 1018: 999: 998: 993: 976: 975: 960: 955: 936: 924: 914: 909: 894: 893: 889:Pamela Rooks 877: 872: 864:Sacred Games 862: 856: 852:Sacred Games 851: 832: 831: 826: 817: 814:Ken McMullen 808: 798:Thanda Gosht 796: 780: 779: 755: 750: 724: 723: 718: 711: 710: 705: 694: 693: 688: 681: 680: 675: 663: 662: 657: 650: 649: 644: 637: 636: 631: 624: 623: 618: 612: 605: 600: 596:on a truck. 586:Mumtaz Mufti 580: 575: 569: 564: 547: 545: 540: 521: 520: 502: 501: 481: 480: 462: 461: 444: 431: 430: 412: 411: 392: 391: 370: 369: 357:Aag Ka Darya 355: 354: 335: 328: 322: 316: 307: 301: 295: 289: 283: 277: 271: 265: 259: 255:Subarnarekha 253: 247: 241: 231: 225: 206: 199:Booker Prize 192: 182: 179:Bapsi Sidhwa 177:(1965), and 174: 166: 155:Subh-e-Azadi 154: 140: 134: 128: 100: 90: 75: 66: 47: 26: 3099:Roy, Pinaki 3077:Roy, Pinaki 3052:Radio Times 3030:20 November 2620:18 November 2376:The Tribune 1971:Kamala Khan 1934:Yasmin Khan 1886:(about the 1801:Arpana Caur 1762:S. K. Bakre 1750:F. N. Souza 1734:Sarah Singh 1718:'s film on 1693:Doordarshan 1661:Jimi Mistry 1577:Anil Sharma 1526:Deepa Mehta 1484:Yash Chopra 1409:(1973) was 1362:Anil Sharma 1326:Deepa Mehta 1138:communalism 1134:Nayi Kahani 1078:Deepa Mehta 1024:Written by 1012:West Bengal 971:Deepa Mehta 943:Pvt. Ltd.. 933:Doordarshan 800:, Khol Do, 327:(1998) and 306:(2007) and 264:(1973) and 222:Nemai Ghosh 61:introducing 3125:Categories 2828:29 October 2803:29 October 2777:29 October 2679:29 October 2460:11 October 2454:BBC, Hindi 2332:The Nation 1966:Ms. Marvel 1926:Doctor Who 1906:Television 1900:went viral 1839:Bangladesh 1766:H. A. Gade 1758:S. H. Raza 1632:, and had 1497:secularism 1479:Dharmputra 1467:Dharmputra 1406:Garam Hawa 1394:Garam Hawa 1369:Kaalapaani 1289:Garam Hawa 1130:Kamleshwar 915:Penned by 761:Razia Butt 554:Hoshiarpur 233:Dharmputra 145:(1955) by 120:W.H. Auden 115:Bangladesh 44:references 3093:2230-8490 2751:8 January 2728:147050563 2720:2373-566X 2310:143332374 1996:Citations 1931:companion 1827:Partition 1770:K. H. Ara 1656:Partition 1652:Vic Sarin 1645:Partition 1494:Nehruvian 1440:bhadralok 1386:Vic Sarin 1381:Partition 1314:Tariq Ali 1301:Partition 1202:Courtyard 923:in 1975, 891:in 1998. 819:Partition 766:TV series 746:in 2018. 740:TV series 546:Entitled 303:Partition 261:Garm Hava 227:Chinnamul 191:'s novel 3002:ABC News 2864:cite web 2630:cite web 2486:19 April 2405:(1991). 2186:70892666 1979:See also 1941:Lajwanti 1896:Pakistan 1862:Pakistan 1850:Amritsar 1835:Pakistan 1823:refugees 1449:(E Flat) 1436:Calcutta 447:(1991). 321:(1982), 300:(2003), 294:(2001), 288:(2000), 276:(1998), 252:(1961), 246:(1960), 236:(1961), 230:(1950), 201:and the 169:(1974), 111:Pakistan 69:May 2020 3058:29 June 2574:30 July 2391:(1989) 2342:26 July 2273:27 July 2225:27 July 2149:27 July 2110:27 July 2069:27 July 2028:27 July 1957:Disney+ 1949:Dastaan 1919:of the 1883:Reunion 1611:Jihadis 1558:Hey Ram 1547:Hey Ram 1345:Hey Ram 1214:Tehmina 435:(1989) 340:Fiction 314:biopics 285:Hey Ram 57:improve 3113:  3107:Jaipur 3091:  2854:31 May 2726:  2718:  2482:. 2013 2432:  2409:  2395:  2358:"Home" 2308:  2216:  2184:  2140:  2101:  2060:  2019:  1974:alive. 1768:, and 1720:Jinnah 1710:Jinnah 1700:Gandhi 1625:Pinjar 1618:Pinjar 1563:Gandhi 1388:(2007) 1376:(1996) 1364:(2001) 1352:(2000) 1340:(1998) 1333:Jinnah 1328:(1998) 1316:(1978) 1296:(1973) 1284:(1960) 1226:Hum TV 1210:Aaliya 1206:Chammi 1193:Aangan 1186:Aangan 1161:  1110:  1062:Lahore 1040:  985:  947:  901:  857:While 843:  837:Gulzar 791:  770:Hum TV 726:Pinjar 719:Pinjar 594:Lahore 590:Batala 558:Lahore 531:  510:  491:  470:  451:  439:  420:  400:  380:  330:Sardar 324:Jinnah 318:Gandhi 297:Pinjar 113:, and 46:, but 2724:S2CID 2306:S2CID 2267:(PDF) 2250:(PDF) 2182:S2CID 1892:India 1854:India 1831:India 1817:is a 1684:Tamas 1672:Tamas 1531:Earth 1519:Earth 1321:Earth 1312:, by 1232:Plays 1218:Salma 1145:Azadi 1073:Earth 937:Tamas 925:Tamas 910:Tamas 664:Basti 658:Basti 413:Tamas 273:Earth 267:Tamas 167:Tamas 107:India 3111:ISBN 3089:ISSN 3060:2022 3032:2018 2870:link 2856:2022 2830:2021 2805:2021 2779:2021 2753:2022 2716:ISSN 2681:2021 2636:link 2622:2017 2595:Sify 2576:2012 2545:Mint 2488:2020 2462:2014 2430:ISBN 2407:ISBN 2393:ISBN 2344:2019 2275:2012 2260:XLIV 2227:2012 2214:ISBN 2151:2012 2138:ISBN 2112:2012 2099:ISBN 2071:2012 2058:ISBN 2030:2012 2017:ISBN 1959:and 1955:The 1894:and 1867:The 1844:The 1837:and 1691:for 1638:Puro 1510:for 1216:and 1159:ISBN 1108:ISBN 1097:for 1038:ISBN 983:ISBN 945:ISBN 931:for 899:ISBN 841:ISBN 789:ISBN 757:Bano 751:Bano 736:film 529:ISBN 508:ISBN 489:ISBN 468:ISBN 449:ISBN 437:ISBN 418:ISBN 398:ISBN 378:ISBN 215:and 151:Urdu 101:The 3024:BBC 2905:PTI 2708:doi 2663:doi 2298:doi 2174:doi 1921:BBC 1829:of 1740:Art 1667:). 1538:'s 1505:9th 1224:by 1208:, 1076:by 1010:to 969:by 939:– 887:by 666:by 592:to 556:to 240:'s 224:'s 181:'s 173:'s 165:'s 133:'s 3127:: 3105:. 3049:. 3022:. 3000:. 2975:. 2951:. 2932:. 2911:. 2887:. 2866:}} 2862:{{ 2847:. 2821:. 2796:. 2769:. 2744:. 2722:. 2714:. 2702:. 2698:. 2657:. 2653:. 2632:}} 2628:{{ 2592:. 2562:. 2542:. 2518:. 2478:. 2452:. 2374:. 2330:. 2304:. 2294:19 2292:. 2258:. 2252:. 2235:^ 2208:. 2180:. 2170:41 2168:. 2120:^ 2093:. 2079:^ 2052:. 2032:. 1852:, 1833:, 1811:. 1803:, 1795:, 1791:, 1787:, 1783:, 1779:, 1764:, 1760:, 1756:, 1752:, 1640:. 1599:, 1579:, 1528:, 1476:, 1428:, 1403:, 1261:. 1212:, 1165:. 1154:. 1080:. 989:. 973:. 951:. 905:. 847:. 519:, 500:, 479:, 460:, 429:, 410:, 390:, 368:, 353:, 161:, 149:, 109:, 3117:. 3095:. 3062:. 3034:. 3008:. 3004:/ 2936:. 2917:. 2893:. 2872:) 2858:. 2832:. 2807:. 2781:. 2755:. 2730:. 2710:: 2704:1 2683:. 2665:: 2659:1 2638:) 2624:. 2578:. 2490:. 2464:. 2438:. 2360:. 2346:. 2312:. 2300:: 2277:. 2229:. 2188:. 2176:: 2153:. 2114:. 2073:. 1911:" 1605:( 821:. 384:. 82:) 76:( 71:) 67:( 53:. 20:)

Index

Tamas (novel)
references
inline citations
improve
introducing
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The Partition Anti-Memorial Project by Pritika Chowdhry commemorates the Partition of India.
Partition of India
India
Pakistan
Bangladesh
W.H. Auden
Cyril John Radcliffe, 1st Viscount Radcliffe
Khushwant Singh
Train to Pakistan
Toba Tek Singh
Saadat Hassan Manto
Urdu
Faiz Ahmad Faiz
Bhisham Sahni
Manohar Malgonkar
Bapsi Sidhwa
Ice-Candy Man
Salman Rushdie
Midnight's Children
Booker Prize
Booker of Bookers
Freedom at Midnight
Larry Collins
Dominique Lapierre

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