688:
700:
419:
726:
137:
398:
to Class 125-4 Hour for large data storage applications. These vaults utilize ceramic fiber, a high temperature industrial insulating material, as the core of their modular panel system. All components of the vault, not just the walls and roof panels, must be Class 125 rated to achieve that overall rating for the vault. This includes the door assembly (a double door is needed since there is no single Class 125 vault door available), cable penetrations, coolant line penetrations (for split
213:
359:
1616:
32:
129:
566:
electric tools, grinding points, carbide drills and pressure applying devices or mechanisms. In addition to those requirements, the safe must be at least 750 pounds or come with instructions for anchoring, have body walls of material equivalent to at least 1" open hearth steel with a minimum tensile strength of 50,000 P.S.I. The UL Standard for tool resistant safes and above are governed by UL Standard 687.
1429:
558:
494:(UL) testing certifications are known to be some of the most rigorous and most respected in the world. UL provides numerous ratings, the most common security and fire ratings as discussed below. UL ratings are the typical rating standards used for safes within the United States. They are only matched by B.T.U/VDMA certifications (Germany).
503:
542:- Must withstand a ten-minute attack by two technicians who use more aggressive tools such as picks, sledgehammers, pry bars, high-speed carbide drills and pressure applying devices. In addition, the technicians will attempt to make a six-square-inch opening in the door or the front face of the gun safe.
577:
against combinations of common mechanical and electrical tools. The safe will resist abuse for 15 minutes from tools such as hand tools, picking tools, mechanical or electric tools, grinding points, carbide drills and devices that apply pressure. While the UL 687 defines this as a "limited degree" of
528:
This is the entry level security rating offered by
Underwriters Laboratories and it has its own standard: (UL 1037). The standard originally had one level, which is now known as RSC Level I. The standard was expanded in 2016 providing a greater range of security options. This standard also involves a
482:
Safe cracking is opening a safe without a combination or key. There are many methods of safe cracking ranging from brute force methods to guessing the combination. The easiest method that can be used on many safes is "safe bouncing", which involves hitting the safe on top; this may cause the locking
467:
Wall safes are designed to provide hidden protection for documents and miscellaneous valuables. Adjustable depth allows the maximization of usable space when installed in different wall thicknesses. Some wall safes feature pry-resistant recessed doors with concealed hinges for anti-theft protection.
397:
For larger volumes of heat-sensitive materials, a modular room-sized vault is much more economical than purchasing and storing many fire rated safes. Typically these room-sized vaults are utilized by corporations, government agencies and off-site storage service firms. Fireproof vaults are rated up
519:
UL standards are one of the principal protection standards considered by North
American consumers when considering purchasing a safe. The time limit only includes "tools on the safe" time (measured with a stopwatch). The actual test might take hours to run and can be repeated as many times as
617:
against combinations of mechanical, electrical, and cutting tools. The safe will resist abuse for 30 minutes from tools such as hand tools, picking tools, mechanical or electrical tools, grinding points, carbide drills, devices that apply pressure, cutting wheels, power saws, impact tools and, in
565:
Safes at this level are typically, but not exclusively, used for commercial applications such as jewelers and coin dealers. These ratings are granted to combination locked safes that successfully resist when attacked by two technicians with common hand tools, picking tools, mechanical or portable
668:
EN 1143-1 is the main testing standard for safes, ATM safes, strongroom doors and strongrooms. For safes it features eleven resistance grades (0, I, II, ..., to X). From one grade to the next the security rises by approximately 50%. Testing is based on a free choice of attack tools and methods.
284:
patented a "receptacle for storing and preserving papers". The container was fire retardant and accident resistant as it was made from forged metal. The box was able to be safely secured with a lock and key and also able to maintain organization by offering different slots to organize important
510:
UL provides a variety of fire rating classifications, 125, 150, and 350 representing the maximum internal temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit the safe may not exceed during the test. The classifications come in durations from 1/2 hour to 4 hours in length. The safe is exposed to gradually higher
444:
These conditions are maintained for the duration of the test. This is usually at least 30 minutes but can extend to many hours depending on grade. Both kinds of safe are also tested for impact by dropping from a set height onto a solid surface and then tested for fire survivability once again.
366:
Fire resistant record protection equipment consists of self-contained devices that incorporate insulated bodies, doors, drawers or lids, or non-rated multi-drawer devices housing individually rated containers that contain one or more inner compartments for storage of records. These devices are
455:
An in-floor safe installed in a concrete floor is very resistant to fire. However, not all floor safes are watertight and will often fill with water from fire hoses, therefore everything stored inside should be placed in either double zip lock bags, dry bags, or sealed plastic containers.
430:. Fire resistant safes are usually rated by the amount of time they can withstand the extreme temperatures a fire produces, while not exceeding a set internal temperature, e.g., less than 350 °F (177 °C). Models are typically available between half-hour and four-hour durations.
405:
There are also Class 150 applications (such as microfilm) and Class 350 vaults for protecting valuable paper documents. Like the data-rated (Class 125) structures, these vault systems employ ceramic fiber insulation and components rated to meet or exceed the required level of protection.
548:- Similar to RSC Level II and gives two technicians a ten-minute window to perform the test, but the range of tools become even more aggressive. Additionally, the size of the maximum attack opening shrinks significantly from six-square-inches to two-square-inches.
367:
intended to provide protection to one or more types of records as evidenced by the assigned Class rating or ratings; Class 350 for paper, Class 150 for microfilm, microfiche other and photographic film and Class 125 for magnetic media and hard drives.
687:
511:
temperatures depending on the duration of the test. The most common standards being the 350 one hour (1,700 degrees) and 350 two hour (1,850 degrees) ratings as the temperature paper chars is approximately 451 degrees
Fahrenheit.
669:
Testing requires partial access (hand hole) and complete access attempts, on all sides of the product. The security is calculated by using ratings of tools and the attack time. The result is expressed in resistance units (RU).
593:
against combinations of mechanical and electrical tools. The safe will resist abuse for 30 minutes from the tools as in the TL-15 test but with the addition of more aggressive tools including: cutting wheels and power
409:
In recent years room-sized Class 125 vaults have been installed to protect entire data centers. As data storage technologies migrate from tape-based storage methods to hard drives, this trend is likely to continue.
250:
In the 16th century, blacksmiths in southern
Germany, Austria, and France first forged cash boxes in sheet iron. These sheet-iron money chests served as the models for mass-produced cash boxes in the 19th century.
699:
854:
1332:
437:
Document safes are designed to maintain an internal temperature no greater than 177 °C (351 °F) while in a constantly heated environment in excess of 1,000 °C (1,830 °F).
647:
or equivalent to not more than 4 ounces (110 g) of nitroglycerin in one charge (entire test must not use more explosive than that equivalent to 8 ounces (230 g) of nitroglycerin).
351:, or hidden safe, is a safe that is made from an otherwise ordinary object such as a book, a candle, a can, or wall outlet. Valuables are placed in these hidden safes, which are themselves
672:
EN 14450 is a testing standard for secure cabinets and strongboxes. The standard covers products meant for purposes where the security resistance required is less than that of EN 1143–1.
1357:
440:
Data safes are designed to maintain an internal temperature no greater than 55 °C (131 °F) while in a constantly heated environment in excess of 1,000 °C (1,830 °F).
725:
676:
For fire-resistant safes the EN 1047-1 (fire resistance standard similar to the fire resistance safe standard of UL) and EN 15659 (for light fire storage units) were published.
373:
In addition, these enclosures may be rated for their impact resistance, should the safe fall a number of feet to a lower level or have debris fall upon it during a fire.
752:
529:
drop test for products weighing 750 pounds or less. That aspect of the test simulates attempting to gain entry by forcibly dropping or knocking the safe to the ground.
660:
has published different
European standards for safes. Testing and certification according to these standards should be done by an accredited certification body, e.g.
1004:
846:
693:
Safe- iron with bronze decorations, including appliques heads of deities arranged in a row, found in
Pompeii, now in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples
1328:
433:
In the UK the BS EN-1047 standard is set aside for data and document safes to determine their ability to withstand prolonged intense heat and impact damage.
1050:
200:
to foil thieves. One significant distinction between types of safes is whether the safe is secured to a wall or structure or if it can be moved around.
1298:
578:
protection that standard is used for commercial applications and the TL-15 rating still offers significant protection compared to unrated safes.
600:- This is safe can withstand the same assaults as the TL-30 but protection is offered on all six-sides of the body as opposed to only the door.
376:
Burglary resistant safes are rated as to their resistance to the type of tools to be used in their attack and also the duration of the attack.
1353:
269:, England, received a patent for a burglar-resisting safe and began a production of safes. The Chubb brothers had produced locks since 1818.
196:. Bank teller safes typically are secured to the counter, have a slit opening for dropping valuables into the safe without opening it, and a
1079:
1461:
706:
896:
1248:
1804:
1382:
914:
657:
880:
825:
536:- Must withstand a five-minute attack by one technician using common hand tools such as drills, screwdrivers and hammers.
1174:
254:
In the 17th century, in northern Europe, iron safes were sometimes made in the shape of a barrel, with a padlock on top.
448:
In the United States, both the writing of standards for fire-resistance and the actual testing of safes is performed by
1012:
983:
1414:
115:
643:- This class meets all the requirements for Class TRTL-60x6 and, in addition, can withstand high explosives such as
1598:
957:
96:
426:
A fire-resistant safe is a type of safe that is designed to protect its contents from high temperatures or actual
1454:
68:
520:
the UL staff feels is necessary to ensure that all prospective avenues of attack have been thoroughly explored.
53:
1042:
1755:
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75:
1941:
1861:
797:
619:
197:
1220:
661:
258:
1294:
1447:
1196:
1125:
352:
731:
A hotel safe. It is secured to the wall, which makes it useful for protecting valuables against theft.
82:
1936:
491:
449:
1844:
1782:
379:
Safes can also contain hardware that automatically dispenses cash or validates bills as part of an
705:
18th century sealable cashbox, sometimes called a barrel safe (Finnish customs service museum in
380:
325:
64:
42:
247:. It was made of wood and consisted of a locking system resembling the modern pin tumbler lock.
1903:
1832:
1792:
1433:
1071:
762:
281:
181:
157:
622:
torch (tested gas limited to 1,000 cubic feet (28 m) combined total oxygen and fuel gas.)
1886:
900:
49:
20:
1244:
243:
The first known safe dates back to the 13th century BC and was found in the tomb of
Pharaoh
1765:
1585:
926:
224:
8:
1913:
459:
Reinforced, fireproof cabinets are also used for dangerous chemicals or flammable goods.
418:
1675:
1470:
1409:, published by Charles Thomas Publishers, Springfield, Illinois, United States. (2000)
747:
370:
These types of enclosures can be rated for periods of ½-, 1-, 2- and 4-hour durations.
1378:
1908:
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1410:
772:
136:
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1891:
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1821:
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777:
307:
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315:
1100:
817:
1898:
1881:
1866:
1512:
742:
348:
262:
1170:
1149:
630:
This class will withstand the same assaults as Class TRTL-30x6 for 60 minutes.
1930:
1556:
644:
477:
337:
266:
1787:
1777:
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193:
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Specifications for safes include some or all of the following parameters:
1687:
1641:
1593:
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1535:
949:
717:
270:
244:
468:
A painting can be hung over a wall safe to obscure it from public view.
212:
1849:
1837:
1637:
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274:
358:
1827:
1439:
922:
787:
311:
634:
31:
1697:
1655:
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1517:
782:
757:
1043:"Cracking the Code: A Glimpse into UL's Burglary Testing of Safes"
128:
1760:
1719:
1670:
1562:
1529:
1428:
847:"Sixteenth and seventeenth century money chests and cash boxes"
169:
1632:
1568:
1407:
Locks, Safes, and
Security: An International Police Reference
189:
185:
173:
161:
1197:"Understanding the New UL RSC Level II Burglary Safe Rating"
1126:"Understanding the New UL RSC Level II Burglary Safe Rating"
1692:
1523:
1500:
753:
United States government safe and vault door specifications
427:
399:
336:
or knowledge of the combination; this activity is known as
177:
165:
332:
It is often possible to open a safe without access to the
273:
was an independent company until 2000 when it was sold to
1574:
604:
557:
523:
422:
A reinforced, fireproof cabinet for dangerous chemicals
355:(for example, a book would be placed on a book shelf).
16:
Secure lockable box used for securing valuable objects
160:
enclosure used for securing valuable objects against
1611:
1171:"UL 1037: Standard for Antitheft Alarms and Devices"
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1221:"Residential Security Container Standard Revised"
635:Torch, Explosive & Tool Resistant Safe (TXTL)
303:Environmental resistance (e.g., to water or dust)
1928:
573:- This is a combination locked safe that offers
1245:"UL 687: Standard for Burglary-Resistant Safes"
878:https://elizabethstreetgallery.com/barrel-safe/
613:This is a combination locked safe that offers
386:
172:or cylinder, with one face being removable or
1455:
1076:Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
947:
552:
1462:
1448:
651:
140:Basic steel safe with an electronic lock.
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1005:"Protection for the Modular Data Center"
948:Chamberlain, Gaius (November 26, 2012).
556:
501:
417:
357:
135:
127:
1292:
413:
1929:
1469:
658:European Committee for Standardization
605:Torch & Tool Resistant Safe (TRTL)
321:Location (e.g., wall safe, floor safe)
1828:Commodity theory of money (Metallism)
1443:
1151:Meilink TL30 Safe Burglary Test at UL
524:Residential Security Containers (RSC)
402:systems), and air duct penetrations.
1295:"Safes: Everything You Need to Know"
1247:. Underwriters Limited. 2011-07-19.
1194:
1173:. Underwriters Limited. 1999-02-24.
1123:
1032:Standard document: BS EN 1047-2:2000
907:
486:
362:Strongbox multiple locking mechanism
207:
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1379:"EN 1047-1, EN 1047-2 and EN 15659"
1072:"EN 1143-1, EN 1143-2 and EN 14450"
980:"Five reasons you need a Home Safe"
514:
192:) or formed out of plastic through
13:
1400:
561:UL TL-15 Tool-Resistant Safe Label
14:
1958:
1805:Akkadian standards of measurement
1421:
960:from the original on July 8, 2020
288:
1614:
1427:
954:The Black Inventor Online Museum
724:
698:
686:
483:pin to budge, opening the safe.
471:
211:
30:
1491:(W. Mesoamerica & N. Andes)
1385:from the original on 2014-04-13
1371:
1360:from the original on 2014-04-13
1346:
1335:from the original on 2020-10-21
1321:
1312:
1301:from the original on 2020-06-30
1286:
1262:
1251:from the original on 2016-08-18
1237:
1213:
1188:
1177:from the original on 2016-07-31
1163:
1142:
1117:
1093:
1082:from the original on 2020-07-01
1064:
1053:from the original on 2020-06-30
1035:
986:from the original on 2017-04-20
857:from the original on 2020-06-30
828:from the original on 2020-06-30
497:
41:needs additional citations for
1047:Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
1026:
997:
972:
941:
889:
868:
839:
810:
280:On November 2, 1886, inventor
1:
1808:
1756:List of historical currencies
1661:Central bank digital currency
803:
462:
168:. A safe is usually a hollow
1862:Standard of deferred payment
1293:Salazar, Diet (2020-06-15).
1011:. 2008-08-26. Archived from
822:Insafe International Limited
798:Time-delay combination locks
656:Depending on the usage, the
620:oxy-fuel welding and cutting
7:
736:
662:European Certification Body
618:addition, can withstand an
387:Room-sized fireproof vaults
257:In 1835, English inventors
198:time-delay combination lock
180:. The body and door may be
10:
1965:
1318:EN 1143-1:2012, clause 7.2
679:
475:
390:
340:and is a popular theme in
324:Smart safes as part of an
203:
132:TL-15 Burglary Rated Safe
18:
1748:
1631:
1609:
1584:
1549:
1477:
492:Underwriters Laboratories
450:Underwriters Laboratories
1845:Quantity theory of money
1666:Chattel/movable property
553:Tool-Resistant Safe (TL)
652:European safe standards
381:automated cash handling
326:automated cash handling
1904:Complementary currency
1833:Credit theory of money
1793:Depository institution
1270:"UL 687 Burglary Safe"
925:. 2011. Archived from
818:"The History of Safes"
562:
507:
423:
363:
353:placed inconspicuously
141:
133:
1887:Digital gold currency
560:
505:
421:
361:
139:
131:
21:Safe (disambiguation)
1766:Coincidence of wants
1586:Representative money
1436:at Wikimedia Commons
824:. 18 February 2015.
506:UL 1 Hour Fire Label
414:Fire-resistant safes
306:Type of lock (e.g.,
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
1942:Security technology
1914:Time-based currency
1195:sage (2018-09-11).
1124:sage (2018-09-11).
929:on January 16, 2013
586:- This safe offers
1783:Clearinghouse bank
1471:Medium of exchange
1274:www.klsecurity.com
1105:www.klsecurity.com
883:2022-07-11 at the
748:Concealment device
575:limited protection
563:
508:
424:
364:
316:electronic locking
297:Burglar-resistance
223:. You can help by
142:
134:
1924:
1923:
1909:Sectoral currency
1855:Market monetarism
1818:Code of Hammurabi
1607:
1606:
1599:Gold certificates
1432:Media related to
773:Physical security
487:UL Safe Standards
241:
240:
126:
125:
118:
100:
1954:
1937:Money containers
1892:Virtual currency
1877:Digital currency
1813:
1810:
1773:Bureau de change
1624:
1619:
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1617:
1550:Domestic animals
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1112:
1111:
1101:"UL Fire Rating"
1097:
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1068:
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1039:
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904:
899:. Archived from
893:
887:
872:
866:
865:
863:
862:
851:Historical Locks
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
814:
778:Safe deposit box
728:
715:
702:
690:
515:Burglary Ratings
236:
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121:
114:
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58:
34:
26:
1964:
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1951:
1927:
1926:
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1920:
1872:Unit of account
1811:
1744:
1730:Promissory note
1708:Deposit account
1681:Cheque clearing
1635:
1627:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1603:
1580:
1545:
1513:Precious metals
1480:
1473:
1468:
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1401:Further reading
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885:Wayback Machine
873:
869:
860:
858:
845:
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806:
768:Manual override
739:
732:
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709:
703:
694:
691:
682:
654:
637:
615:high protection
607:
555:
526:
517:
500:
489:
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474:
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416:
395:
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300:Fire-resistance
291:
237:
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221:needs expansion
206:
148:(also called a
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111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1962:
1961:
1950:
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1918:
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1911:
1906:
1899:Local currency
1896:
1895:
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1889:
1884:
1882:Cryptocurrency
1874:
1869:
1867:Store of value
1864:
1859:
1858:
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1822:§100; §122–125
1815:
1812: 2150 BC
1802:
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1577:(Tibet, China)
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39:This article
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1788:Savings bank
1778:Central bank
1739:
1715:Legal tender
1622:Money portal
1406:
1387:. Retrieved
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1362:. Retrieved
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1225:UL Solutions
1224:
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1204:. Retrieved
1201:Antique Sage
1200:
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1179:. Retrieved
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1130:Antique Sage
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1017:. Retrieved
1013:the original
1009:Cision PRWeb
1008:
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988:. Retrieved
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927:the original
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540:RSC Level II
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498:Fire ratings
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232:January 2012
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225:adding to it
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194:blow molding
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93:
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79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
1740:Safekeeping
1594:Bimetallism
1509:(W. Africa)
875:Barrel Safe
718:Suomenlinna
710: [
628:TRTL-60x6 -
611:TRTL-30x6 -
534:RSC Level I
342:heist films
308:combination
282:Henry Brown
271:Chubb Locks
245:Ramesses II
1931:Categories
1850:Monetarism
1838:Chartalism
1735:Redemption
1725:Possession
1688:Clay token
1541:Trade bead
1495:Cocoa bean
1479:Commodity
1389:2014-04-10
1364:2014-04-10
1339:2014-04-10
1305:2020-06-30
1279:2024-03-25
1255:2016-07-01
1230:2024-03-25
1206:2024-03-25
1181:2016-07-01
1157:2024-03-25
1135:2024-03-25
1110:2024-03-25
1086:2020-06-30
1057:2020-06-30
1019:2020-06-30
990:2017-04-19
861:2020-06-30
832:2020-06-30
804:References
793:Strongroom
591:protection
463:Wall safes
393:Bank vault
391:See also:
275:Assa Abloy
176:to form a
76:newspapers
1559:(SE Asia)
1489:Axe-money
923:About.com
919:Inventors
897:"History"
788:Safe room
707:Susisaari
641:TXTL-60x6
312:time lock
188:(such as
150:strongbox
106:June 2013
1698:Currency
1676:Clearing
1656:Banknote
1651:Bailment
1571:(Arabia)
1532:(barley)
1518:Quachtli
1383:Archived
1358:Archived
1333:Archived
1299:Archived
1249:Archived
1175:Archived
1080:Archived
1051:Archived
984:Archived
964:June 30,
958:Archived
881:Archived
855:Archived
826:Archived
783:Security
758:Gun safe
737:See also
588:moderate
383:system.
285:papers.
158:lockable
1947:Cuboids
1749:General
1703:Deposit
1693:Coinage
1565:(Hindu)
1507:Manilla
933:9 March
680:Gallery
598:TL-30x6
310:, key,
259:Charles
204:History
90:scholar
1761:Barter
1720:Notary
1671:Cheque
1536:Shells
1530:Shekel
1503:(rice)
1413:
328:system
174:hinged
170:cuboid
154:coffer
92:
85:
78:
71:
65:"Safe"
63:
1642:Token
1633:Money
1569:Camel
1481:money
1434:Safes
1354:"CEN"
1329:"CEN"
714:]
594:saws.
584:TL-30
571:TL-15
190:steel
186:metal
184:from
162:theft
97:JSTOR
83:books
1800:Mint
1638:Fiat
1524:Salt
1501:Koku
1411:ISBN
966:2020
935:2012
763:Lock
428:fire
400:HVAC
261:and
182:cast
178:door
166:fire
146:safe
69:news
1575:Yak
1563:Cow
334:key
265:in
227:.
164:or
152:or
52:by
1933::
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23:.
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