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an electrical potential much greater than that of the primary high voltage source. Practical limitations restrict the potential produced by large Van de Graaff generators to about 7 MV. Van de Graaff generators are used primarily as DC power supplies for linear atomic particle accelerators used for nuclear physics experiments. Tandem Van de Graaff generators are essentially two generators in series and can produce about 15 MV.
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are limited to about 30 MeV, even with tandem generators accelerating doubly charged (for example alpha) particles. More modern particle accelerators using different technology produce much greater energies, thus Van de Graaff particle accelerators have become largely obsolete. They are still used to
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The Van de Graaff generator is a simple mechanical device. Small Van de Graaff generators are built by hobbyists and scientific apparatus companies and are used to demonstrate the effects of high DC potentials. Even small hobby machines produce impressive sparks several centimeters long. The largest
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Van de Graaff generators use a motorized insulating belt (usually made of rubber) to conduct electrical charges from a high voltage source on one end of the belt to the inside of a metal sphere on the other end. Since electrical charge resides on the outside of the sphere, it accumulates to produce
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During World War II, Van de Graaff was director of the High
Voltage Radiographic Project. After World War II, he co-initiated the High Voltage Engineering Corporation (HVEC) with
442:. During recent years, Van de Graaff generators have been slowly replaced by solid-state DC power supplies without moving parts. The energies produced by Van de Graaff atomic
348:. During 1929, he developed his first such generator, producing 80,000 volts. By 1933, he had constructed a larger generator generating 7 million volts.
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Van de Graaff spent 1929-1931 at
Princeton, became a National Research Fellow, and from 1931 to 1934 a research associate of the
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430:. Demonstrations during daytimes are a popular attraction. More modern Van de Graaff generators are insulated by pressurized
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air-insulated Van de Graaff generator in the world, built by Van de Graaff himself, is operational and is on display in the
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some extent for graduate student research at colleges and universities and as ion sources for high energy bursts.
306:. In Tuscaloosa, Robert received his B.S. in mathematics (1922) and M.S. in mechanical engineering (1923) from
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268:, to Adrian Sebastian "Bass" Van de Graaff and Minnie Cherokee Jemison. Robert's great grandfather was
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High
Voltage Electromagnetic Charged-Particle Accelerator Apparatus Having An Insulating Magnetic Core
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678:"Robert Jemison Van de Graaff was born on December 20, 1901 in Tuscaloosa, Alabama"
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where he was a founding member of The Castle Club (later became Mu
Chapter of
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575:"SOUTHERN LIGHTS: Robert Van de Graaff never received his due in Tuscaloosa"
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High
Voltage Electromagnetic Apparatus Having An Insulating Magnetic Core
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in 1925. During 1926, he earned a second B.S. at Oxford
University by a
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was formed, named after him, notwithstanding the spelling errors. The
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Apparatus For
Reducing Electron Loading In Positive-Ion Accelerators
659:"February 12, 1935: Patent granted for Van de Graaff generator".
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Massachusetts
Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
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awarded him the T. Bonner prize (1965) for the development of
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370:, producing high-voltage direct current. He also developed
272:. His father Adrian was a circuit judge. His father was of
321:, Van de Graaff attended the Marie Curie lectures at the
240:, noted for his design and construction of high-voltage
302:. William was known as "Bully" and was Alabama's first
236:(December 20, 1901 – January 16, 1967) was an American
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In the year that he died, the progressive rock band
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Honorary doctorate
Utrecht University, 19 April 1966
366:. During the 1950s he invented the insulating-core
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609:Jemison-Van de Graaff Mansion (official website)
407:on the far side of the Moon is named after him.
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388:Van de Graaff died on January 16, 1967, in
519:Multi-Disk Electromagnetic Power Machinery
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552:"Van de Graaf, Robert Jemison, 1901-1967"
807:Fellows of the American Physical Society
531:Inclined field High Voltage Vacuum Tubes
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340:Van de Graaff was the inventor of the
164:Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics
802:American scientific instrument makers
777:Alumni of the Queen's College, Oxford
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353:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
246:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
244:. He spent most of his career in the
194:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
558:. Niels Bohr Library. Archived from
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772:20th-century American physicists
762:American people of Dutch descent
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767:People from Tuscaloosa, Alabama
329:, completing his D.Phil. under
225:Robert Van de Graaff (left) at
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475:Electrical Transmission System
27:American physicist (1901–1967)
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1:
723:Mathematics Genealogy Project
556:American Institute of Physics
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317:After a year working for the
262:Jemison-Van de Graaff Mansion
792:Princeton University faculty
787:University of Alabama people
782:University of Alabama alumni
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234:Robert Jemison Van de Graaff
75:Robert Jemison Van de Graaff
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10:
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383:electrostatic accelerators
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260:de Graaff was born in the
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379:American Physical Society
308:The University of Alabama
279:His three older brothers
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757:American Rhodes Scholars
428:Boston Museum of Science
242:Van de Graaff generators
728:Robert J. Van de Graaff
719:Robert J. Van de Graaff
605:"Van de Graaff History"
463:Electrostatic Generator
417:Van de Graaff generator
411:Van de Graaff generator
401:Van der Graaf Generator
342:Van de Graaff generator
157:Duddell Medal and Prize
140:Van de Graaff generator
53:Robert J. Van de Graaff
374:generator technology.
230:
444:particle accelerators
357:Elliott Cresson Medal
319:Alabama Power Company
224:
150:Elliott Cresson Medal
120:University of Alabama
108:Boston, Massachusetts
715:at Wikimedia Commons
713:Robert Van de Graaff
585:on September 3, 2013
405:Van de Graaff crater
300:Alabama Crimson Tide
198:Princeton University
129:University of Oxford
18:Robert Van de Graaff
684:on October 24, 2017
615:on February 6, 2009
440:sulfur hexafluoride
331:John Sealy Townsend
266:Tuscaloosa, Alabama
210:John Sealy Townsend
89:Tuscaloosa, Alabama
327:Rhodes Scholarship
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227:Utrecht University
711:Media related to
635:"Chapter History"
335:Oxford University
270:Robert Jemison Jr
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174:Scientific career
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16:(Redirected from
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732:Find a Grave
686:. Retrieved
682:the original
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613:the original
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122:(B.S.; M.S.)
102:(1967-01-16)
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752:1967 deaths
747:1901 births
589:November 6,
526:US3,308,323
504:US3,323,069
492:US3,187,208
470:US2,024,957
458:US1,991,236
368:transformer
281:Adrian, Jr.
125:La Sorbonne
741:Categories
688:August 23,
538:References
434:, usually
81:1901-12-20
32:Dutch name
515:US3239702
481:US2922905
359:in 1936.
337:in 1928.
312:Theta Tau
291:were all
276:descent.
252:Biography
238:physicist
661:APS News
323:Sorbonne
285:Hargrove
30:In this
721:at the
644:23 July
619:10 July
451:Patents
289:William
248:(MIT).
229:in 1966
184:Physics
36:surname
390:Boston
372:tandem
287:, and
180:Fields
167:(1966)
160:(1947)
153:(1936)
146:Awards
110:, U.S.
91:, U.S.
44:Graaff
42:, not
34:, the
436:freon
274:Dutch
690:2004
646:2015
621:2010
591:2014
377:The
97:Died
71:Born
730:at
529:– "
517:— "
507:– "
495:– "
483:— "
473:– "
461:– "
438:or
333:at
314:).
264:in
258:Van
38:is
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