Rugby league in England

534: 694: 1525: 28: 1514: 1710: 1024: 199: 439: 1621: 2460: 640:(CSRL) is the co-ordinating group for the Army Rugby League, Royal Navy Rugby League and the Royal Air Force Rugby League. Each constituent body organises its own competitions at unit and formation level. Players are fed into representative teams to represent each of the services, and the best players are selected to represent the Combined Services. 1387:

Development system. Only players under the age of 18 years are eligible to play for the junior academy; no players over the age limit are allowed to play. Some of the better junior academy players may get experience in the senior academy and it is not uncommon for some players to play regularly in both junior and senior academies.

2329:. The film stars Samantha Janus, Gary Olsen, Neil Morrissey, Brian Glover, Griff Rhys Jones and Tony Slattery. The play was recently revived on stage with England rugby union star Gareth Chilcott in the Gary Olsen role. The film follows the story of an inept pub team in a rugby league sevens competition. 2342:

is a 1971 play by David Storey, set in a men's changing room before, during and after a rugby league game. It premiered at the Royal Court Theatre in 1971. The 1973 Broadway production, directed by Michael Rudman, won several awards including the New York Drama Critics' Circle award for Best Play and

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competition from 2003 onwards has increased the number of school teams from 300 to 1,500 and the participation levels to 25,000 from 6,000. Though these figures include participants from Wales. The number of participants involved in the 2011–12 Carnegie Champion schools tournament was a record 30,713

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teams are affiliated to BARLA, the Conference itself is not a BARLA organisation. The top division under their control is the National Conference League, with regional leagues including the North West Counties and Pennine leagues. BARLA selects an international team consisting of amateur players, the

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The 2006 Super League generated the highest weekly average attendance in the 11-year history of the competition. The average weekly attendance for the regular season stood at 9,026, generated by an aggregate attendance of 1,516,342 supporters. This is an increase on the 2005 season average of 8,887.

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Fifty per cent of viewers who watch rugby league on Sky Sports live in the South of England. Over 40% of active rugby league supporters are female. At the beginning of the 2006 season there were between thirty and forty female-only rugby league clubs running in England, not including clubs that have

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tournament is a national competition for secondary schools. In the 2005/06 academic year over 1,200 teams and 20,000 players competed in the Champion Schools tournament, making it the largest rugby league competition in the world. Eighty percent of participants are new to rugby league. The growth of

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Following the 2014 season, the professional leagues underwent a major reorganisation. Super League and the Championship were both reduced from 14 clubs to 12, and League 1 was expanded from nine clubs to 14. The season structures of both Super League and the Championship were radically changed, and

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resulting from professionalism in rugby union led to an increase in numbers in the amateur game, with many rugby union amateurs keen to try out the other code. In 2004 the Rugby Football League was able to report a 94% increase in registered players in just two years, whilst attendance figures for

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and so the term "M62 corridor" is sometimes used to refer to the area where rugby league is most popular. An old survey from 1994 showed that back then, sixty per cent of people regularly attending rugby league lived in only four postal districts along the M62. The sport has since launched several

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between Yorkshire and Lancashire was abandoned in 1989. Although the matches had provided a good test for selecting players for the full England and Great Britain sides, the crowds had been poor and the games had little attraction for the rest of the country. The series was revived again in 2001

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Although attendances outside Super League can be quite low, many of the teams play in small towns and the attendance figures represent a large percentage of the local population; as far down as amateur level. An example is Saddleworth Rangers which represents a largely rural area to the East of

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remains as a knock-out competition, though entry has now been expanded to make it a pan-European tournament bringing in teams from France, Canada and the rest of the UK; Russian teams have previously featured. Amateur teams also have the chance to participate in the Challenge Cup and have been

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Rugby league experienced a surge in interest following the end of the Second World War. Large crowds came to be the norm for a period of around 20 years. The total crowds for the British season hit a record in 1949–50, when over 69.8 million paying customers attended all matches. The

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Super League and National League teams run academy sides to develop young talent. Players under the age of 21 years are eligible to play for the senior academy, the rules also permit three players over the age of 21 to play in academy matches. Junior academies are the second tier in the Youth

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Rugby league in universities has been an important vehicle for expansion of the game as players from outside the heartlands often first began to play at university level. Many continue to play after leaving university and this has led to the creation of teams in non-traditional areas such as

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The first university game was between Leeds and Liverpool in 1968. A year later the Universities and Colleges Rugby League was formed after student pioneers fought hard to get the sport recognised in higher education. The first Oxford versus Cambridge University match took place in 1981. The

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Rugby league is most popular in its traditional heartlands and, in those areas, interest in the sport can rival that of association football. Many large towns with rugby league traditions do not have football teams as a result of the monopoly on local interest: these towns include,

1357:. It is designed to provide children with a safe environment, a firm knowledge of the laws of rugby league and a chance to practice the skills such as tackling, passing and common defensive and attacking tactics. Players up to and including Year 6 of Primary School play mod league. 557:

was founded in 1998 with the aim of providing regular fixtures for new clubs based outside the 'heartland' of rugby league. It began with fourteen teams, but within nine years had grown to eighty-eight clubs spread throughout England and the rest of Britain.

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with around 23,000 subscribers and League Weekly with around 11,000 subscribers. In and around the heartlands, these publications are stocked in newsagents but in the rest of England they are only available via subscription. There are also two monthly magazines,

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MP the secretary. In 1987 a "free gangway" between the two codes of rugby at amateur level was introduced but individual cases of discrimination continued, resulting in the Sports (Discrimination) Bill, which was introduced by David Hinchcliffe in 1994.

525:. This opened up the possibility of expanding the game into areas where it had never been played before as it allowed rugby league clubs to groundshare with rugby union clubs and for union players to try out the other code without fear of persecution. 267:. The NRFU was initially vehemently anti-professional, allowing only payments for time missed from other employment. A thriving amateur scene also soon developed, as local amateur clubs wished to maintain links with their "Northern Union" neighbours. 244:. Rugby competition at the time did not allow paying players any wages; the working class players felt they could not afford time off to train and play, nor could they afford to miss work through injury sustained whilst playing. The principle of 804:

promotion between the Championship and Super League had been on a licensed, or franchised, basis. Promotion and relegation between the leagues now known as the Championship and League 1 has long existed, including during the 2009–14 period.

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began an era of domination of English rugby league that would end only with the formation of Super League. By 1995 they had won the Challenge Cup a record eight consecutive times and the league title for a record seven consecutive times.

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has competed as a standalone nation. Unlike Great Britain, an England side has never won the World Cup, and non-World Cup matches involving England were not deemed to have Test status, which applied only to the full Great Britain side.

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The 1982 Kangaroos won all their tour games for first time ever, and became known as "The Invincibles". This was the time when the gap between English and Australian rugby league became apparent and has never been fully closed.

2267:. The plot revolves around Alf Scodger’s attempts to outwit his overbearing wife. As a consequence, he accidentally discovers a talent for rugby and turns out for his local Yorcaster club against Lancastrian rivals Oldcastle. 1753:

with average gates of 15,683, a couple of clubs failed to attract averages of above 5,000. Crowds at matches below the top flight can exceed 3,500, however most of the clubs in this division have attendances lower than this.

473:). This was not the first rugby league club to be based in London — three London-based clubs had come and gone in the 1930s — but unlike past ventures the new team survived despite several moves and name changes, and are now 549:

was formed, and the sport switched from a winter to a summer season. Super League has largely been a success as the value of its TV contract and top tier game crowd attendances and have both grown year upon year since 2001.

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formed a rugby league team, with the intention of creating another income stream for the association football club. The Rugby Football League was keen to expand outside the heartlands and accepted the new club (now known as

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The Northern Union made reforms to the laws in 1897 and again in 1906 in an effort make the game more exciting. This resulted in Northern Union football becoming a sport in its own right rather than a form of rugby union.

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professional rugby league was again discontinued, normal leagues were suspended, a War Emergency League was established, with clubs playing separate Yorkshire and Lancashire sections to reduce the need for travel.

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Rugby league is the fourth most popular team sport in England. Historically, rugby league has been the second biggest spectator sport in England with 6.8 million spectators attending the 1948–1949 English season.

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The Combined Services Rugby League (CSRL) was formed in 1994 after the official recognition of rugby league by the armed services, since then rugby league has been the fastest growing army sport. The rival code

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was the first black coach of a leading club, almost half a century before the top flight of English association football would have a black British manager, a milestone also achieved by Ince (on 22 June 2008).

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from Canada joined League 1 in 2017 and won the title in its inaugural season, thereby earning promotion to the Championship for 2018. All other clubs in both divisions are based in England, and of these, only

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Rugby league has for much of its history been banned in the armed forces and in many schools and universities, further stifling growth. These barriers have largely been dismantled since professionalisation of

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Rugby league has had a tradition of being inclusive and for some notable firsts in terms of black participation. Professional black players first took to the professional rugby league pitch prior to the

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team has been selected since 2002. Previously known as England A, the Knights consist of promising players who miss out on selection to the senior squad. An England Lionhearts squad is selected from the

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after the 1895 great schism. Teams representing Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cumberland / Cumbria and sometimes Cheshire and Northumberland & Durham took part in the championship. This continued as the

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tournaments in England. The York nines began in 2002 and the Middlesex nines a year later. All three competitions feature professional and amateur teams from England as well as teams from abroad.

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BARLA administer different amateur competitions which traditionally ran throughout the winter in the heartlands but have mostly switched over to a summer season. The leading competition is the

378:. Nonetheless the game survived, and continued to maintain popularity in its home regions. The introduction of regular internationals as other countries took up the sport provided a fillip. 1805:

was officially an amateur sport, many rugby union players came to play rugby league. In recent years this trend has reversed and some rugby league players have crossed codes to play union.

898:, Barrow & District League and the Hull & District League. Teams from these regional leagues can apply for election to the National Conference League if they meet minimum criteria. 4920: 1346:

Rugby league is played at a school level in many schools in the heartlands; recently it has been introduced into some schools outside the traditional areas in particular in London and

796:. The Championship currently has 14 clubs and League 1 has 11. The 2015 season marked the return of a promotion and relegation system between Super League and the Championship; from 4935: 4887: 4767: 1609: 2960: 2425:

launched a thirteen-point action plan aimed at tackling racism and encouraging the development of rugby league in Asian and black communities. Despite the sport being popular in

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The RFL uses two modified forms of rugby league created by ARL Development in Australia. Mini league (known as mini footy in Australia) is played by all children up to Year 4 of

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began in 1897 with Batley beating St Helens to win the first title. The final was first broadcast by BBC radio in 1927. The Wembley tradition was started in 1929 when Wigan beat

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is a comedy by English playwright John Godber, first staged at the Hull Truck Theatre in 1984. It won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Comedy that same year. The sequel,

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origins, changes in social demographics and attitudes have allowed many working-class people to attend university where they have continued their association with the game.

2448:. They also became the first UK sporting organisation to make the top 100 employers in the Stonewall Index that measures attitudes towards lesbian, gay and bisexual staff. 1279:

is given to the international player of the year, as determined by a ballot of international rugby league writers and broadcasters. Until 2007, this was accompanied by the

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is the top league for the game in Europe; eleven of the twelve teams are based in England. It is the only full-time professional rugby league competition operating in the

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from the rounds in which the top clubs enter with the final attracting over 4 million viewers. The Challenge Cup final is considered by government to constitute a "

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The boom had begun to subside by the early 1960s; rugby league now had to compete against television and other new forms of entertainment and attendances began to fall.

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was broadcast to the Midlands. In another first this was the first rugby league match to be attended by the reigning monarch, King George VI, who presented the trophy.

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The Great Britain side is also referred to as "the Lions" or "the British Lions". At international level the Women's Great Britain side is commonly referred to as the

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is currently shown on Sky. The current TV rights deal for Engage Superleague is worth approximately 50 million pounds over 3 years, beginning from 2009. Since 2022,

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of France played in the Championship in the past, and returned to the British league system in 2016, initially playing in League 1 and now in the Championship. The

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earned the distinction of being the first black coach of any British national sporting team when he took charge of Great Britain in the home Ashes series of 1994.

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which consists of four divisions (Premier Division, Division One, Division Two and Division Three) of up to 14 teams each. Other major amateur leagues include the

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The sport spread outside England and soon international matches began to be played. The first international match was played in 1904 as England was beaten 9–3 at

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The two bodies aim to work closely together in a formal relationship in 2022, when England will host the delayed European Touch Championships in Nottingham.

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Some of the teams involved no longer play in the same league and so derby games are either arranged as pre-season friendlies or take place as part of the

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is a bridge between mini league and full contact rugby league. On completion of mod league, players make a move to full international rugby league laws.

328:, a government ban on professionalism and reduced attendances forced all major competitions to be replaced by regional competitions. The NRFU became the 3887: 1935:

and are regularly rank amongst the top 10 most watched programmes in a week on Sky Sports with more than 250,000 viewers. Highlights are shown on

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Many of the professional teams are separated by only a few miles but not all matches between teams from the same traditional county are considered

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was a one-off match at the beginning of each season between 1985 and 1995. It was contested by the Champions and the holders of the Challenge Cup.

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On 5 April 1904, England played their first game, losing 9–3 to Other Nationalities in a 12-a-side match at Wigan. With the exception of

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association which oversees its running and management. It was originally established in 1985 and was recognised by the RFL in its first year.

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Several attempts were made to expand the game outside the heartlands, a Southern Amateur Rugby League being formed in 1949, however only

3762: 3073: 3684: 2879: 2359:, was performed by the Birmingham Repertory Theatre Company in 1975. It was later adapted into a television series and shown on BBC2. 628:

BARLA Lions. This team tours many parts of the rugby league world, and have competed in the Rugby League Emerging Nations Tournament.

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has long been popular in the North of England and by the 1880s the region's clubs had come to dominate. The game was popular amongst

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which uses modified rules to allow older players to continue playing has only recently arrived in England and is not widely played.

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The whitewash attracted criticism from the British rugby league press, with the future viability of the team called into question.

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carry commentary from a selection of Super League matches each week, while BBC local radio also broadcasts throughout the season.

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Oldham towards the Pennines; however the club's stadium contains a covered seated stand and triple figure support for home games.

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The Student Rugby League was founded in 1967 when a team was created at Leeds University by Andrew Cudbertson, Jack Abernathy and

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Attendances fell even further in the 1970s. Britain won the Ashes for the last time in 1970, with a 2–1 series win in Australia.

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The RFL is the governing body of Try Tag Rugby, which delivers mixed, men’s and women’s leagues for adults across the country.

287: 4056: 3595: 2296:. It is considered to be one of the last major films of the British New Wave or "Free Cinema" movement. Many of the scenes in 3016: 2931: 2803: 2321:

was made as a film in 1998. As a comedy set in the north of England that features a bunch of losers, it has been compared to

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Try Tag Rugby are the RFL's official Tag Rugby League partners, running leagues in London, Yorkshire and the Thames Valley.

405:, drew 102,575 paying spectators with an estimated 20,000 others getting in free after a section of fencing collapsed. 4570: 1854: 1771: 1292: 1283:

which rewarded the best referee, coach, developing nations player, international newcomer, captain and a team of the year.

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The first Great Britain match took place on 18 January 1908 when they beat New Zealand 14–6 at Headingley. Apart from the

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In December 2021, the RFL agreed a new partnership with the England Touch Association, the national governing body for

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End of season play-offs are shown across the whole country in a highlights package. The BBC covers the Rugby League

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which is awarded to the Man-of-the-Match in the Challenge Cup Final whether on the winning or losing side and the

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competition for Years 12 and 13. The regionally based competition was introduced in 2008 and started in January.

623:(BARLA) are responsible for amateur rugby league chiefly in the sport's north of England heartlands. Though many 488:

was formed in 1987 to support the sport of rugby league and tackle the key issues facing the game in Parliament.

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series occasionally played against overseas players based in the Super League to provide stronger competition.

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is particularly popular with pub teams drawn from the regulars at a pub; it is often difficult for a single

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In 1948 the first televised rugby league match was played when Wigan's 8–3 Challenge Cup Final victory over

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The attendances are not evenly spread between clubs within Super League; whilst the best supported team,

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is the biggest derby in English rugby league but there is only one same city derby in the Super League –

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footballer, Frank Machin, whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life. The film stars

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In 2007 Great Britain was replaced by separate teams for each of the home nations, returning only for a

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Various commercial and community radio stations also give coverage to their local rugby league teams:-

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There are 36 stadiums in England considered to be rugby league stadiums, most of these are shared with

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Rugby league continued to be played throughout the 1914–15 season, however, the loss of players to the

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where the game originated. These areas are the heartland of rugby league. The sport is also popular in

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which is shown on Sky Sports and is rebroadcast on the Internet. Sky also hold the rights to show the

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The Championship Cup was a cup competition for the Championship and Championship 1 (now League 1).

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went professional in 1995 and, as a result, other restrictions on rugby league were relaxed by the

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tourists visited Britain. In 1910 the first British tour to Australia and New Zealand took place.

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became the first black player to play for Great Britain while it was another 44 years before

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is often referred to as "rugby", a term that in the rest of England would normally refer to

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is the first dramatic treatment of the historic events that led to the 1895 great schism.

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whilst the overall winner of Super League is determined by play-offs and a grand final.

412:, then controller of BBC2, made the decision to screen games from a new competition the 335:

The 1930s saw a series of failed attempts to introduce rugby league football to London.

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players across 1819 teams making it the largest rugby league competition in the world.

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as well as the Yorkshire combination, Hull Youth and Junior and London Junior League.

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in 1965. It proved a success, and rugby league has featured on television ever since.

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was first introduced to England in 2005. The first competitive league began in 2009.

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throughout the season as well as the local amateur scene throughout their season on

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in 1907. New Zealand met Great Britain in Great Britain's first ever Test match at

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became the first black captain of the Great Britain team in 1972, 21 years before

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Wales became represented in the Championships starting in 2010 with the entry of

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hit Britain, and the game underwent massive re-organisation. A new elite league,

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in 1973 was a response to the need to develop the game below professional level.

325: 203: 4083: 3017:"England to face Combined Nations All Stars in June in Shaun Wane's first match" 1513: 4325: 3792: 2910: 2779:"Culture, Media and Sport – Appendices to the Minutes of Evidence: Appendix 21" 2426: 2402: 2281: 2227: 2171: 2148: 2110: 2097: 2050: 1998: 1988: 1984: 1954: 1821: 1817: 1555: 1429: 1354: 1310: 1306: 1057:

Outside of the World Cup, England are one of three automatic qualifiers to the

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The Women's Amateur Rugby League Association (WARLA) is the governing body of

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became the first black footballer to play association football for England.

1697:. Many of the professional and semi-professional teams are connected by the 4529: 4479: 4391: 4270: 4260: 3412: 3200: 2521: 2398: 2277: 2101: 2038: 1920: 1787: 1767: 1750: 1698: 1574: 1537: 1448: 1409: 1314: 1242: 1226: 726: 709: 705: 546: 442: 260: 237: 179: 147: 138: 122: 4956: 2906:"Trying – and succeeding – to convert rugby league into a winning formula" 4555: 3863:'Black Pearl, Black Diamonds' Exploring racial identities in rugby league 2678: 2587: 1825: 1802: 1742: 1709: 1298: 1280: 846: 518: 465: 241: 183: 4012: 4007: 3965: 2828: 2445: 2409:

became the first black captain of England's association football team.

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In the reduced formats of the game, England took part in the defunct

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in England and the return of competitive international matches with

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the Champion Schools tournament led to the creation of the Carnegie

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The rugby union county championship was continued as a rugby league

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in recognition of their work in embracing inclusivity and tackling

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England historically provided the vast majority of players for the

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is the more common form of the shortened version of the game. The

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At various times English clubs have either competed in a national

772:

The winner of the Super League plays the winner of the Australian

2223: 1899: 1895: 1670: 1605: 537:

The final home Test for Great Britain against New Zealand in 2007

255:

In August 1895, representatives of the northern clubs met at the

163: 4061: 3970: 3955: 2544:"Billy Slater helps himself as Australia outclass brave England" 1927:

games. Live Super League matches are broadcast often fronted by

1729:

teams of both sexes. The majority of these clubs are located in

1451:

to form a full squad of 13 players and 4 substitutes.

438: 2755:. Virtual Rugby League Hall of Fame. 2007-02-03. Archived from 2730:. Virtual Rugby League Hall of Fame. 2007-12-15. Archived from 1945:

live, whilst highlights are shown on BBC Sport. The Australian

1813: 1694: 1659: 1620: 1424:" status. The game is now played in over 70 universities. 1261:

which is the annual award for the best player in Super League.

1112: 4029: 1832:, a set of competitions for clubs in those development areas. 1608:

have all be used to host the event. Elland Road will host the

2802:. The Rugby League Oral History Project. 2007. Archived from 2308:

stadium and include some Trinity players and coaching staff (

2182: 754: 636:

Rugby league was recognised as a military sport in 1994. The

458: 295: 279: 3961:

Community Rugby League – Covering the amateur game in the UK

1888:

own the rights to broadcast a highlights package called the

1816:

area, which now boasts three professional clubs. These are,

1217:

of New Zealand and Papua New Guinea. Two losses against the

3992: 3950: 1812:

sees continual growth in the south of England, notably the

1107:

saw England reach the semi-final, losing to New Zealand at

643: 615: 3099:"England Lionhearts to host Germany in international test" 761:

after that season; that team effectively folded after the

741:

but folded in 1999. French presence was re-established in

3919:"RFL is named among top 100 employers in Stonewall Index" 3020: 2343:

the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor for John Lithgow.

1902:

nationally as well as the regional broadcast on BBC One.

1873:

and Forty-20, which can be bought throughout the UK. The

1588:

is used to promote rugby league to a wider audience. The

3894:. Rugby Football League. 2 November 2012. Archived from 964:

for Yorkshire and Lancashire between 1905 and 1993. The

2961:"Rugby League Community Board Strategy:Year One Report" 1828:. One of the prime vehicles for expansion has been the 976:

was played for a short-time but it was replaced by the

36:

at Wembley Stadium for the first time in over 50 years.

1953:

has shown 10 Super League matches across the season.

1717:

being made by fans at England's opening match of the

1693:. There is also significant schools participation in 1669:

The regions in which rugby league is played most are

3588:"Super League wins new TV deals and plans expansion" 3431: 3429: 2455: 2440:

In 2012, the Rugby Football League were awarded the

1479:

through a product known as Play Touch Rugby League.

1077:

have seen England go undefeated since 1981, with an

658:

in the United Kingdom; it currently falls under the

1894:which is broadcast commonly on the Monday night on 1179:, winning the tournament on three occasions: 1954, 597:the RFL had control over the whole United Kingdom. 3304:"Try Tag Rugby and RFL partner to expand the game" 2031:and does simultaneous broadcasts when games clash. 4113: 3454: 3426: 2499:List of English rugby league stadiums by capacity 1504:List of English rugby league stadiums by capacity 166:where the amateur game is particularly powerful. 5243: 3729:. Salford City Radio. 2008-05-17. Archived from 1099:in 2002 and 2003, losing in the latter final to 150:is played across England but is most popular in 3506: 3500: 3214: 3065: 2827:. Army Rugby League. 2007-09-12. Archived from 2776: 1272:to honour the leading players in Super League. 4074:Rugby league down south podcast on totalrl.com 2966:. Rugby League Community Board. Archived from 2792: 2257:Rugby league first hit the silver screen with 1860:There are two weekly rugby league newspapers, 1540:host the two major domestic finals in England. 1439: 1084:Between 1935 and 2004 England competed in the 857:of League 1 are based outside the heartlands. 4972: 4571: 4099: 3373: 3071: 2932:"TotalRL.com Rugby League Conference Expands" 2550:. London, UK: Guardian News and Media Limited 2383: 873: 366:proved receptive with teams being founded in 3888:"RFL win Stonewall Sports Award of the Year" 2745: 870:victorious over several Championship sides. 809:that of League 1 was more modestly changed. 783: 298:on 18 January 1908. The same year the first 4986: 3479: 3331:. The Rugby Football League. Archived from 3124:England to take pride of place over Britain 2953: 2276:, is set around the life of a professional 1301:. There has been some debate as to whether 753:, Super League added Celtic Crusaders from 528: 4979: 4965: 4585: 4578: 4564: 4106: 4092: 3376:"Making the long walk from Hull to Widnes" 3321: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3265: 2924: 2903: 2877: 2871: 1565:for rugby league in England. Despite this 765:. The winner of the league is awarded the 486:All-Party Parliamentary Rugby League Group 252:would not countenance professional rugby. 202:The first ever Challenge Cup final, 1897: 3859: 3765:. 100 Great Black Britons. Archived from 2541: 998:played between Yorkshire and Lancashire. 650:Women's rugby league in the British Isles 3981:Why honours aren't even for rugby league 3780: 3755: 2936:British Amateur Rugby League Association 2608: 2606: 2604: 1708: 1619: 1377:British Amateur Rugby League Association 1137:Great Britain national rugby league team 1049:in international tournaments, but since 972:were two other knock-out tournaments. A 692: 688: 644:Women's Amateur Rugby League Association 621:British Amateur Rugby League Association 616:British Amateur Rugby League Association 576: 572:British Amateur Rugby League Association 532: 437: 428:British Amateur Rugby League Association 197: 3439:. Rugby Football League. Archived from 3346: 3262: 3224:. North Yorkshire sport. Archived from 3199:. Rugby Football League. Archived from 3045: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2630: 1401:Although the game remains close to its 1390: 1069:, finishing as losing finalists at the 936: 248:, and issues of class ensured that the 5244: 4495:Independent Television Floodlit Trophy 4018: 3916: 3395: 2897: 2800:"Rugby Union and signing for Bradford" 2669: 2578: 2355:, loosely based on Geoffrey Chaucer's 2263:, a 1935 comedy starring the comedian 1790:matches rose 8% from the 2003 season. 1335: 424:Universities and Colleges Rugby League 265:"Northern Rugby Football Union" (NRFU) 4960: 4559: 4087: 3986: 3828: 3815:"10 key moments in UK race relations" 3788:"Tackling the life story of a legend" 3367: 2842: 2770: 2698: 2601: 2572: 1808:Expansion by the governing body, the 1624:English rugby league fans during the 1569:is annually used as the venue of the 1550:teams. The largest club venue is the 1268:is an award that has been created by 4296:London & South East Men's League 3807: 3189: 2817: 2627: 2568:BBC – Voices – The Voices Recordings 1855:William Hill Sports Book of the Year 1293:Derbies in the Rugby Football League 1277:Rugby League World Golden Boot Award 1210:, losing to Australia in the final. 931:London & South East Men's League 3836:"Blackburn appoint Ince as manager" 3641:. BBC Cumbria. 2007. Archived from 3555: 3539:. Faber & Faber. Archived from 3533:"At the George, Geoffrey Moorhouse" 3487:"2005 RL Attendances by Population" 3046:Willacy, Gavin (23 February 2023). 1783:discrimination against rugby league 1229:were book-ended by defeats against 561: 13: 3594:. 28 November 2007. Archived from 3074:"Widnes on target to attract Paul" 2720: 2675:"Rugby League & World War One" 2663: 1863:Rugby Leaguer & League Express 1853:was shortlisted for the inaugural 1270:Rugby Leaguer & League Express 1016:England national rugby league team 788:Below Super League, there are the 749:were admitted to Super League. In 14: 5263: 4062:Under the Posts rugby league blog 4047:The Independent rugby league blog 3966:Rugby League Record Keepers' Club 3939: 3563:"Super League Show to get repeat" 3072:Dave Hadfield (4 February 2003). 2584:"1895: The Birth of Rugby League" 2494:British Rugby League Hall of Fame 2479:Rugby league in the British Isles 1761: 1190:Great Britain also played in the 1167:, Great Britain took part in the 1004: 3917:Wilson, Andy (12 January 2011). 3281:. Triline Sports. Archived from 2882:. World of Sport. Archived from 2518:"Rugby League world Cup England" 2458: 1778:have seen growth for the sport. 1558:, and has a capacity of 27,500. 1523: 1512: 1248: 1130: 1022: 860: 513:before being abandoned in 2003. 26: 4535:Women's Rugby League Conference 4052:The Telegraph rugby league blog 3910: 3880: 3853: 3744: 3719: 3698: 3677: 3656: 3631: 3610: 3580: 3525: 3509:"Union eyes league young blood" 3296: 3239: 3163: 3136: 3117: 3091: 3039: 3023:. 16 March 2021. Archived from 3009: 2984: 2542:Lawrenson, David (2009-11-14). 2435:British Asian Rugby Association 1840: 1610:2024 Super League Magic Weekend 1073:in 2009. Regular tests against 721: 631: 313:13–2 at the first Rugby League 4042:The Guardian rugby league blog 3507:Jonathan Davies (2006-09-14). 3197:"Champions Schools Tournament" 2777:Maurice Oldroyd (1999-12-09). 2692: 2561: 2535: 2510: 1342:Junior rugby league in England 1105:2019 Rugby League World Cup 9s 957:for Yorkshire and Lancashire. 665: 638:Combined Services Rugby League 541:In 1995, the fallout from the 492:MP was the first chairman and 236:whose players belonged to the 220: 1: 4114:Rugby league in Great Britain 3751:Rugby Reloaded — Tony Collins 3133:The Guardian, 3 December 2005 2650:"The History Of Rugby League" 2504: 1880: 1615: 1381:Gilette National Youth League 1045:, England was represented by 996:Rugby League War of the Roses 698:2017 Super League Grand Final 4008:South West rugby league site 4003:North East rugby league site 3411:. 2006-12-11. Archived from 3374:Dave Hadfield (2003-07-28). 2938:. 2004-01-21. Archived from 2699:Baker, Andrew (1995-08-20). 2677:. RL1908.com. Archived from 2586:. RL1908.com. Archived from 1919:has the rights to show live 1465:are three of the best known 1253:The main two awards are the 680: 600:The RFL are affiliated with 433: 232:people, unlike the clubs in 7: 4402:Conference Challenge Trophy 4079:5 live rugby league podcast 4067: 4057:The Times rugby league blog 4013:Yorkshire rugby league site 3356:. The Rugby Football League 3246:"Carnegie Champion Schools" 2451: 2315:The highly acclaimed play, 1719:2021 Rugby League World Cup 1626:2008 Rugby League World Cup 1497: 1440:Derivatives of rugby league 985:Rugby League Charity Shield 757:, which renamed themselves 717:British rugby league system 346: 32:Leigh Leopards lifting the 10: 5268: 4545:Women's Super League South 4336:Southern Conference League 4276:National Conference League 4147:Rugby league in Lancashire 3998:Midlands rugby league site 2616:. RugbyFootballHistory.com 2489:Rugby league in Lancashire 2384:Rugby league and diversity 1637:Rugby league in Lancashire 1630: 1501: 1394: 1339: 1290: 1286: 1156:, and New Zealand for the 1134: 1013: 1009: 880:National Conference League 874:National Conference League 714: 647: 602:International Rugby League 565: 362:and southern areas of the 213: 193: 5183: 5072: 5056: 5015: 4994: 4906: 4868: 4593: 4440: 4379: 4251: 4222: 4191: 4160: 4152:Rugby league in Yorkshire 4119: 3946:The Rugby Football League 3866:. Routledge. p. 80. 3403:"To Prezzagrad with Love" 3329:"Wheelchair Rugby League" 3257:The Rugby Football League 2904:Ian Briggs (2007-12-04). 2878:Carl Ellis (2005-09-11). 2484:Rugby league in Yorkshire 2252: 2143:gives live commentary of 1943:Rugby League Four Nations 1633:Rugby league in Yorkshire 1434:Gloucestershire All Golds 1097:Rugby League World Sevens 1059:Rugby League Four Nations 1033:The national team at the 843:Gloucestershire All Golds 784:Championship and League 1 739:first Super League season 120: 113: 100: 93: 83: 73: 61: 49: 41: 25: 20: 4432:Wheelchair Challenge Cup 4341:Scottish National League 4142:Rugby league in Cornwall 4132:Rugby league in Scotland 4035: 3993:London rugby league site 3860:Spracklen, Karl (2001). 2520:. RLWC08. Archived from 2332: 1974:BBC Radio 5 Sports Extra 1964: 1835: 1579:Super League Grand Final 1192:Rugby League Tri-Nations 953:as well or had separate 833:of the Championship and 529:1995–present: Summer era 364:West Riding of Yorkshire 5252:Rugby league in England 4988:Rugby league by country 4587:Rugby league in Europe 4510:Conference League South 4465:Rugby League Conference 4371:Wheelchair Championship 4366:Wheelchair Super League 4351:South Wales Premiership 4316:South West Rugby League 4311:North West Men's League 4306:North East Rugby League 4127:Rugby league in England 3976:Rugby league on the BBC 3639:"The Rugby League Show" 3129:1 December 2007 at the 1830:Rugby League Conference 1486:Wheelchair rugby league 1461:, Middlesex 9s and the 1459:Carnegie Floodlit Nines 1422:discretionary full blue 1266:Albert Goldthorpe Medal 1143:Great Britain Lionesses 1125:Rugby League Conference 919:South West Rugby League 915:North East Rugby League 907:Conference League South 903:Rugby League Conference 888:North West Men's League 625:Rugby League Conference 555:Rugby League Conference 216:History of rugby league 169: 21:Rugby league in England 5080:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4636:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4460:Divisional Premiership 4346:North Wales Conference 4321:Yorkshire Men's League 4223:Women's national teams 3462:"Women's rugby league" 3354:"Masters Rugby League" 3251:April 5, 2009, at the 1947:State of Origin series 1725: 1628: 1171:from its inception in 1169:Rugby League World Cup 884:Yorkshire Men's League 767:League Leaders' Shield 759:Crusaders Rugby League 712: 538: 461: 422:The foundation of the 211: 4520:Captain Morgan Trophy 4427:Women's Challenge Cup 4422:Cumberland County Cup 4301:Midlands Rugby League 4178:Scotland Rugby League 4168:Rugby Football League 4137:Rugby league in Wales 3727:"Salford Radio Sport" 3708:. BBC Liverpool. 2007 2992:"France Head to Head" 2880:"Rugby International" 2442:Stonewall Sport Award 2423:Rugby Football League 2312:) in the background. 2220:in the Rugby Roundup. 2011:The Rugby League Show 1925:National Rugby League 1810:Rugby Football League 1712: 1623: 1477:Rugby Football League 1463:York International 9s 911:Midlands Rugby League 818:North Wales Crusaders 814:South Wales Scorpions 696: 689:Open age competitions 660:Rugby Football League 606:European Rugby League 591:Scotland Rugby League 583:Rugby Football League 577:Rugby Football League 568:Rugby Football League 536: 441: 389:Final replay between 330:Rugby Football League 201: 95:National competitions 56:Rugby Football League 4540:Women's Rugby League 4515:BARLA Lancashire Cup 4490:BBC2 Floodlit Trophy 4361:Women's Championship 4356:Women's Super League 4281:Cumbria Men's League 2854:Rugby Football Union 2831:on December 14, 2007 2371:, followed in 1985. 2141:BBC Radio Merseyside 2107:BBC Radio Manchester 2025:Hull Kingston Rovers 2017:BBC Radio Humberside 1875:Rugby League Journal 1715:Saint George's Cross 1577:as the venue of the 1548:association football 1492:Masters Rugby League 1397:Student Rugby League 1391:Student Rugby League 1323:Hull Kingston Rovers 1086:European Nations Cup 1079:International Origin 1071:inaugural tournament 970:BBC2 Floodlit Trophy 937:Defunct competitions 778:World Club Challenge 610:Student Rugby League 595:Rugby League Ireland 523:Rugby Football Union 445:playing at the 2008 414:BBC2 Floodlit Trophy 300:Australian Kangaroos 250:Rugby Football Union 188:association football 4869:States with limited 4525:County Championship 4412:BARLA Yorkshire Cup 4120:Nations and regions 4025:England touch rugby 4019:Touch and Tag Rugby 3956:English Superleague 3706:"Live commentaries" 3598:on 24 December 2007 3437:"Facts and figures" 2825:"Army Rugby League" 2709:. independent.co.uk 2374:Mick Martin's play 2353:The Road to Wembley 2238:96.2 The Revolution 2204:Featherstone Rovers 2085:BBC Radio Sheffield 2079:Featherstone Rovers 1957:has also aired one 1877:appears quarterly. 1584:The Super League's 1475:is administered by 1445:Rugby league sevens 1336:Junior rugby league 992:County Championship 978:National League Cup 855:Oxford Rugby League 776:competition in the 735:Paris Saint-Germain 731:Northern Hemisphere 656:female rugby league 284:Other Nationalities 4475:Lancs/Yorks League 4407:BARLA National Cup 4331:London Mens League 4183:Wales Rugby League 3987:Regional web sites 3898:on 26 January 2013 3666:. BBC Humber. 2007 3620:. BBC London. 2007 3177:. 17 November 2019 3150:. 16 November 2019 2996:rugbyleagueproject 2781:. House of Commons 2728:"League Champions" 2614:"The Great Schism" 2298:This Sporting Life 2273:This Sporting Life 2210:Salford City Radio 1870:Rugby League World 1726: 1683:Greater Manchester 1629: 1590:Millennium Stadium 1467:rugby league nines 1455:Rugby league nines 1259:Man of Steel Award 1158:Baskerville Shield 1150:Great Britain team 822:Toulouse Olympique 816:into League 1 and 733:. The French team 713: 587:Wales Rugby League 539: 462: 410:David Attenborough 212: 85:Registered players 5239: 5238: 4954: 4953: 4553: 4552: 4500:Trans-Pennine Cup 4417:BARLA Cumbria Cup 4291:East Rugby League 4286:Cumberland League 3817:. BBC. 2001-08-31 3687:. BBC Leeds. 2007 3105:. 11 October 2019 3103:Love Rugby League 2339:The Changing Room 2302:Wakefield Trinity 2196:Wakefield Trinity 2187:Newcastle Thunder 2075:Wakefield Trinity 1995:BBC Radio Cumbria 1891:Super League Show 1371:Champion Colleges 1255:Lance Todd Trophy 974:Trans-Pennine Cup 923:East Men's League 896:Cumberland League 865:The Rugby League 835:Newcastle Thunder 702:Castleford Tigers 500:In the mid 1980s 451:Wakefield Trinity 449:friendly against 353:Bradford Northern 145: 144: 115:Club competitions 5259: 5211:Papua New Guinea 4981: 4974: 4967: 4958: 4957: 4907:Dependencies and 4594:Sovereign states 4580: 4573: 4566: 4557: 4556: 4505:Championship Cup 4450:RFL Championship 4108: 4101: 4094: 4085: 4084: 3934: 3933: 3931: 3929: 3914: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3857: 3851: 3850: 3848: 3847: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3823: 3822: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3801: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3774: 3759: 3753: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3738: 3723: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3713: 3702: 3696: 3695: 3693: 3692: 3681: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3671: 3660: 3654: 3653: 3651: 3650: 3635: 3629: 3628: 3626: 3625: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3574: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3529: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3519: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3494: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3474: 3473: 3458: 3452: 3451: 3449: 3448: 3433: 3424: 3423: 3421: 3420: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3371: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3361: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3341: 3340: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3315: 3306:. 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Hinchliffe 426:in 1969 and the 340:Second World War 234:Southern England 152:Northern England 86: 76: 64: 63:National team(s) 52: 30: 18: 17: 5267: 5266: 5262: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5257: 5256: 5242: 5241: 5240: 5235: 5221:Solomon Islands 5179: 5068: 5052: 5011: 4990: 4985: 4955: 4950: 4908: 4902: 4888:Northern Cyprus 4870: 4864: 4768:North Macedonia 4589: 4584: 4554: 4549: 4442: 4436: 4375: 4247: 4218: 4187: 4156: 4115: 4112: 4070: 4038: 4021: 3989: 3942: 3937: 3927: 3925: 3915: 3911: 3901: 3899: 3886: 3885: 3881: 3874: 3858: 3854: 3845: 3843: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3820: 3818: 3813: 3812: 3808: 3799: 3797: 3786: 3785: 3781: 3772: 3770: 3761: 3760: 3756: 3749: 3745: 3736: 3734: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3711: 3709: 3704: 3703: 3699: 3690: 3688: 3683: 3682: 3678: 3669: 3667: 3664:"The Oval Ball" 3662: 3661: 3657: 3648: 3646: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3623: 3621: 3618:"Harlequins RL" 3616: 3615: 3611: 3601: 3599: 3586: 3585: 3581: 3572: 3570: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3546: 3544: 3543:on 26 July 2014 3531: 3530: 3526: 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Retrieved 3923:The Guardian 3922: 3912: 3902:18 September 3900:. Retrieved 3896:the original 3891: 3882: 3862: 3855: 3844:. Retrieved 3842:. 2008-06-22 3839: 3830: 3819:. Retrieved 3809: 3798:. Retrieved 3796:. 2006-05-19 3791: 3782: 3771:. Retrieved 3767:the original 3757: 3746: 3735:. Retrieved 3731:the original 3721: 3710:. Retrieved 3700: 3689:. Retrieved 3679: 3668:. Retrieved 3658: 3647:. Retrieved 3643:the original 3633: 3622:. Retrieved 3612: 3602:18 September 3600:. Retrieved 3596:the original 3591: 3582: 3571:. Retrieved 3569:. 2008-02-11 3566: 3557: 3545:. Retrieved 3541:the original 3536: 3527: 3516:. Retrieved 3512: 3502: 3491:. Retrieved 3489:. 2006-01-11 3481: 3470:. Retrieved 3468:. 2005-09-07 3465: 3456: 3445:. Retrieved 3441:the original 3417:. Retrieved 3413:the original 3406: 3397: 3385:. Retrieved 3379: 3369: 3358:. Retrieved 3348: 3337:. Retrieved 3333:the original 3323: 3312:. Retrieved 3308:the original 3298: 3287:. 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Retrieved 2522:the original 2512: 2439: 2421:In 1997 the 2420: 2399:Viv Anderson 2387: 2375: 2373: 2368: 2364:Up 'n' Under 2362: 2361: 2356: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2337: 2336: 2326: 2322: 2318:Up 'n' Under 2316: 2314: 2297: 2278:rugby league 2271: 2269: 2258: 2256: 2158: 2102:York Knights 2059:Huddersfield 2028: 2010: 1968: 1938:Boots N' All 1936: 1921:Super League 1915: 1911:listed event 1904: 1889: 1884: 1868: 1861: 1859: 1850: 1844: 1841:Publications 1807: 1800: 1792: 1788:Super League 1780: 1768:Super League 1765: 1756: 1747: 1739: 1727: 1699:M62 motorway 1668: 1644: 1640: 1583: 1575:Old Trafford 1561:There is no 1560: 1545: 1538:Old Trafford 1490: 1484: 1481: 1471: 1453: 1449:public house 1443: 1426: 1414: 1410:Cec Thompson 1407: 1400: 1385: 1375: 1363: 1352: 1345: 1327: 1296: 1274: 1263: 1252: 1243:Port Moresby 1227:Christchurch 1212: 1189: 1162: 1147: 1140: 1117: 1094: 1083: 1061:, alongside 1056: 1040: 1000: 989: 982: 966:Regal Trophy 959: 943:Championship 940: 900: 877: 864: 811: 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