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217:.) He designed his first house when he was fourteen. In 1907, he graduated and became the youngest person ever to pass the state architectural examination. The following year, at the age of twenty-one, he opened his own office in Pasadena. In his early practice he focused on the design of both churches and houses. Early Frohman-designed churches include Trinity Episcopal Church in Orange, California in 1909, and other parish churches in Santa Barbara and Inglewood, California between 1909 and 1917.
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181:, later to become a well-known residence for actors, writers, musicians and other artists. Built in 1883, it had the distinction of being the tallest building in New York until 1899. Initially constructed as an apartment building, it still remains in operation today, as a hotel. His great-grandfather, Charles Antoine Colomb Gengembre, both an architect and
346:; Trinity Church, Washington, D.C.; St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Washington, D.C.; Trinity Church Morgantown, West Virginia and the Church of the Heavenly Rest, Abilene, Texas, have all been attributed to Frohman. Frohman also designed the Roman Catholic Church of the Annunciation in Washington, located near the cathedral, of which he was a member.
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than any I had ever seen abroad; the most satisfying example of church architecture in
America.” So taken was he by the cathedral that in signing the visitor register he included a small prayer in code. The prayer was that he might someday become the cathedral architect. Following military service in
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structure accepted on June 10, 1907. On
September 29, the Foundation Stone (cornerstone) of the cathedral was laid in a great ceremony at which President Theodore Roosevelt and the Bishop of London spoke. Within a month, however, Bodley would be dead. Vaughan became the first officially appointed
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Although adhering to Bodley and
Vaughan's original plan in its essence, Frohman made substantial refinements to the initial blueprint. His impact on the overall structure has been described by one author on the cathedral: “Bodley and Vaughan’s preliminary plans envisioned a predominantly English
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In particular, Frohman revised and augmented the original design for the crypt, adding ambulatories and an additional chapel. Over the years he was intimately involved in virtually every aspect of the cathedral's furnishing and embellishment. The most notable and visible of his revisions is his
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Although one bishop in the early 1920s informed
Frohman that he intended to build the Washington National Cathedral in five years, Frohman himself observed: “Not often does an architect knowingly prepare designs for a building which he is sure he will not see completed in his own lifetime.”
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Frohman's successor described him as: " architectural giant—a man who never compromised on less than perfection." It was said that he did not hesitate to change drawings to modify structural details by as little as a sixteenth of an inch. When the cathedral's construction progressed to the
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would not see completion until 1976. Only in
September 1990 would the west end he redesigned be dedicated, completing construction of all principal features of the church's interior and exterior structure, although minor embellishment is expected to continue for years.
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Gothic structure; under
Frohman’s guidance the style became more eclectic, a happy blending of Medieval Gothic from both England and the Continent . . . . Frohman’s cathedral combines architectural elements from both sides of the North Sea.”
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Although continuing to climb the scaffolding several times a week to inspect the ongoing work, in March, 1971, at the age of 83 Frohman retired. In an unusual move for an architect, he was awarded a retirement stipend by the cathedral.
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Frohman was the architect of Grace Church and rectory and its later enlargement (both have been razed), and a rancher's home in the prestigious "Snob Hollow" area (1917) (also razed in the late 1970s), all in Tucson, AZ.
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and in
November 1921, the firm of Frohman, Robb and Little was officially designated Cathedral Architects. Robb died in 1942 and Little followed in 1944, after which Frohman served as the sole architect of the cathedral.
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Frohman's prediction proved more accurate than the bishop's. Frohman died on
October 30, 1972, following an accident on August 7 in which he was struck by a motorist near the cathedral's grounds. The cathedral
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that the city should include a church “for national purposes” to be “equally open to all.” Although the First
Amendment would presumably preclude the construction of such a church by the government, the
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of the
District of Columbia was chartered by Congress in January 1893, in part to fulfill L'Enfant's intended design. Not until 1906, however, would the Cathedral Foundation select two architects,
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From the deep well of faith sprang devotion to perfection; A graceful witness in this Cathedral Church; To his steadfast spirit and; The prayer his genius sought to record in all his work.
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Frohman's interest in architecture was evident even in his early years. At the age of eleven, he enrolled in the Throop Polytechnic Institute in Pasadena, California, where he attended
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The great majority of Frohman's life and work, however, would be dedicated to the construction of the Washington National Cathedral, on which he labored for more than fifty years.
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redesign of the west facade, the principal entrance to the cathedral. It “is said to be the culmination of Frohman’s genius—his most plastic work and his most original design.”
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His focus on construction of the Washington National Cathedral notwithstanding, Frohman still found time to design a number of other churches, including two cathedrals. The
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Baptismal font in the Resurrection Chapel under the south transept on the crypt level of the Washington National Cathedral in Washington, D.C. was designed by Philip Frohman.
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A Roman Catholic, Frohman's body was interred in the Chapel of St. Joseph of Arimathea on the crypt level of the National Cathedral by special dispensation of the
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in Orlando, Florida are both Frohman designed, although the latter would not be completed until 1987. In addition, the Church of Our Saviour, Baltimore;
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During a visit to Washington in 1914, Frohman visited the Bethlehem Chapel, which had been completed in 1912. He described it as, “a more beautiful
394:, the Guild of Religious Architecture, the Liturgical Art Society, the American Guild of Church Architects and the American Ordnance Association.
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Row, Christopher D.H. "World Without End: Philip Hubert Frohman and the Washington National Cathedral." Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1999.
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and his great-grandfather Charles Antoine Colomb Gengembre moved to America. While practicing architecture in New York, Hubert designed the
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In 1919 Frohman began making preliminary sketches for revisions of Bodley's designs at the invitation of the Bishop of Washington, The
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in the early 19th century. Gengembre designed France's first steam warship and the first home in Paris to feature gas lighting.
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The Washington National Cathedral traces its inspiration to an intention by District of Columbia’s original city planner,
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Over the course of his long career Frohman would be credited with the design of some fifty churches in the United States.
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Frohman had a notable lineage in the related worlds of architecture and engineering. In 1849, his grandfather
116:(November 16, 1887 – October 30, 1972) was an American architect who is most widely known for his work on the
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on the north aisle of the cathedral nave dedicated to him. The inscription on the bay wall reads, in part: “
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and was stationed in the Washington, D.C. area. Placed in charge of the architectural division at
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of Boston. Planning then proceeded swiftly with preliminary designs by Bodley for a massive
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Alfred Harding. During the next two years he formed a partnership with E. Donald Robb and
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World War I Frohman moved from Pasadena to Boston to continue his architectural practice.
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Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation of the District of Columbia official website
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Cathedral Architect and held the position for a decade, until his death in June 1917.
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October 31, p.C4; "Philip Hubert Frohman Dies; Designed National Cathedral" (1972),
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Frohman was a member of the Washington Archdiocesan Commission on Sacred Art, the
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and a crucial debate arose over whether to complete the nave or build the central
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During World War I Frohman served in the ordnance construction section of the
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next, Frohman's recommendation to proceed with the tower proved decisive.
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Trinity Episcopal Church, Morgantown, West Virginia, official website
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Episcopal Church of the Heavenly Rest, Abilene, TX official website
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Cathedral of the Incarnation, Baltimore, Maryland, official website
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Trinity Episcopal Church, Takoma Park, Maryland, official website
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St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Washington, D.C., official website
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Cathedral Church of St. Luke, Orlando, Florida official website
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Trinity Episcopal Church, Orange, California, official website
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Church of the Annunciation, Washington, D.C., official website
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Church of the Heavenly Rest, Abilene, Texas, official website
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Christ Lutheran Church, Baltimore, Maryland, official website
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Jean R. Hailey, "Architect Philip Frohman, 84, Dies” (1972),
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Jean R. Hailey, "Architect Philip Frohman, 84, Dies" (1972),
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Jean R. Hailey, "Architect Philip Frohman, 84, Dies” (1972),
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Jean R. Hailey, "Architect Philip Frohman, 84, Dies” (1972),
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1117:. rev. ed. Washington, D.C.: National Cathedral Association.
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Church of our Savior, Baltimore, Maryland, official website
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The Washington National Cathedral, showing the west facade
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232:. It was at this time that he made the acquaintance of
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Feller, Richard T., and Marshall W. Fishwick (1979),
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Throop Institute Bulletin: Fifteenth Annual Catalogue
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Completing Washington Cathedral For Thy Great Glory
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Throop Polytechnic Institute Ninth Annual Catalogue
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1108:. Washington, D.C.: Washington National Cathedral.
369:Frohman received the distinction of Fellow of the
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628:. Throop Polytechnic Institute. 1906. p. 79
601:. Throop Polytechnic Institute. 1901. p. 44
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1096:
1087:
1078:
1057:
1045:
1033:
1021:
1016:
1004:
992:
980:
968:
941:
925:
913:
901:
874:
862:
839:
834:
822:
806:
779:
752:
740:
728:
716:
704:
696:
691:
683:
679:
659:
647:
642:
632:December 10,
630:. Retrieved
621:
615:
605:December 10,
603:. Retrieved
594:
588:
554:
542:. Retrieved
529:
521:
484:
443:
428:
418:
409:
405:
401:
389:
378:
368:
363:
348:
329:
302:
298:
294:
282:
274:
271:
263:
219:
200:
172:
146:
108:
107:
81:Marie Hubert
29:
1254:1972 deaths
1249:1887 births
1050:Fallen 1995
1040:, p.102-03.
1038:Feller 1979
1026:Feller 1979
1009:Feller 1979
997:Feller 1979
985:Feller 1979
961:Feller 1979
946:Feller 1989
934:Feller 1979
906:Fallen 1995
894:Feller 1989
855:Feller 1979
827:Feller 1979
815:Fallen 1995
811:Feller 1979
784:Feller 1979
772:Feller 1979
757:Feller 1979
745:Feller 1979
733:Feller 1979
721:Feller 1979
709:Feller 1979
664:Feller 1979
652:Feller 1979
504:Feller 1979
1243:Categories
936:, p.24-25.
759:, p.13-14.
666:, p.23-24.
491:, p.10-11.
477:References
66:Occupation
238:Episcopal
74:Parent(s)
69:Architect
932:, p.12;
813:, p.23;
723:, p.4-5.
562:Archived
306:crossing
164:Catholic
1071:Sources
1064:, p.39.
1052:, p.25.
1028:, p.95.
1011:, p.25.
999:, p.29.
987:, p.92.
963:, p.24.
920:, p.15.
908:, p.24.
896:, p.12.
881:, p.12.
869:, p.13.
857:, p.21.
829:, p.23.
817:, p.24.
801:, p.10.
786:, p.20.
774:, p.19.
747:, p.17.
654:, p.23.
583:, p.11.
544:May 28,
506:, p.22.
102:(uncle)
97:(uncle)
948:, p.7.
711:, p.3.
466:Gothic
244:Career
168:Jewish
161:French
86:Family
626:(PDF)
599:(PDF)
435:Notes
310:tower
277:crypt
634:2016
607:2016
546:2018
413:nave
375:FAIA
234:dean
222:Army
205:and
136:The
113:FAIA
58:Died
42:Born
425:bay
1245::
953:^
886:^
847:^
791:^
764:^
671:^
573:^
537:.
511:^
496:^
431:”
387:.
170:.
1230:.
1224:.
1218:.
1212:.
1206:.
1200:.
1194:.
1188:.
1182:.
1176:.
1170:.
1159:.
1153:.
1147:.
636:.
609:.
548:.
373:(
20:)
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