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793:. The find was scant and only preserved the lower part of the leg and the ankle bones of the animal. That May, Lockwood wrote a letter to Marsh describing an encounter with Cope. Just before Lockwood was going to ship the fossils he found at Union to Marsh, Cope appeared and asked for the remains. Lockwood refused, but allowed the insistent Cope to see the fossils. Cope made drawings and notes about the remains. Cope formally described the fossils as
520:
22:
257:. During the Late Silurian the area remained submerged by the shallow sea through the Devonian. The local sea was inhabited by creatures like brachiopods, bryozoans, corals, and crinoids. Local sediments were being eroded away rather than deposited from the Carboniferous to the Permian, so there are no rocks of this age in which fossils could have been preserved.
374:. Occasionally fossil footprints dating back to this age are found. Few plant fossils are known in New Jersey from this time. Northern New Jersey, in contrast to the state's southern half, was dry land. A rich flora grew in the state at the time. Local plants left behind leaves that would later fossilize. Local insect life also left behind fossils.
496:. The fossils had evidently been transported a significant distance from their place of origin to their final resting place in the Native villages. Each piece of petrified was charred. This suggests that the Native villagers had attempted to burn them. Archaeologists who studied the sites have suggested that
260:
During the
Triassic, New Jersey was experiencing geologic upheaval caused by the breakup of Pangaea. Rifts formed in the state as the supercontinent was being disassembled. Water filled these rifts and created large lakes. Local reptiles would sometimes be preserved in the sediments of these lakes.
1604:
Hunt, ReBecca K., Vincent L. Santucci and Jason
Kenworthy. 2006. "A preliminary inventory of fossil fish from National Park Service units." in S.G. Lucas, J.A. Spielmann, P.M. Hester, J.P. Kenworthy, and V.L. Santucci (ed.s), Fossils from Federal Lands. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and
627:. Hopkins wasn't especially interested in the bones and allowed some guests to take away all of the bones. He never could remember the names of those who took the bones, so they were lost to science. Later rumors speculated that the fossils ended up as door stops and window props.
423:
During the
Tertiary period of the ensuing Cenozoic era the local New Jersey climate was warmer than it is today. Southern New Jersey remained inundated by seawater. Brachiopods, corals, echinoderms, and sharks lived there. On land, there were at least 8 kinds of
224:
During the
Precambrian New Jersey was covered in seawater. The activities of contemporary local bacteria formed stromatolites in those waters. During the Cambrian period of Paleozoic era New Jersey was still inundated by seawater.
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for the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. This became both the first mounted dinosaur skeleton ever mounted for public display but also one of the most popular exhibits in the history of the Academy. Estimates have the
249:, and trilobites. Northern New Jersey was home to a river system during the Silurian. As time went on local sea levels rose and fell so the area alternated between a riverside or marine environment. In contrast to the Ordovician,
889:, dinosaur footprints were discovered in the Hampton Cutter Clay Works Pit at Woodbridge in Middlesex County. These 90-million-year-old tracks are among the few known Cretaceous dinosaur footprints in the eastern United States.
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preserved in a grey bed of marl. In life it would have been 9 feet 8 inches tall and 22 feet long. The specimen was curated by the
Rutgers museum. A major dinosaur discovery also occurred.
731:, owned by the Wet Jersey Marl Company. The discovery included partial lower jaws with teeth, both humeri, the left femur, tibia, and fibula, and a large number of vertebrae. He called it
941:
near the site of its discovery in
Haddonfield. The dedication was the culmination of Haddonfield resident Christopher Brees's Eagle Scout project. Almost a decade later, on June 13,
782:
299:. In the Jurassic, Pangaea was still breaking up. Lava flows formed in New Jersey during the Jurassic. Local dinosaurs left behind footprints that would later fossilize.
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In
November 2014 a large cache of late Cretaceous fossils was discovered in a quarry in Mantua Township, and suspected to be a relic of the event that caused the
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remains are rare. Among the local fishes were sharks and rays. These were generally more abundant in
Cretaceous New Jersey than they were at the same time in the
795:
642:. In the fall of that same year, Foulke hired a team to reopen the Hopkins marl pit, which had become overgrown. Roughly 10 feet down they found bones. Then
440:. During the Quaternary northern New Jersey was covered by glaciers. Local sea levels rose and fell in time with the melting or expansion of the glaciers.
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fossils scientifically documented in North
America. Another early New Jersey discovery helped clarify a misinterpretation of a fossil found out west. 1830
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During the ensuing Cretaceous period the southern part of New Jersey was submerged under seawater. Invertebrate remains are the state's most common
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The mid-20th century saw several important fossil discoveries. In 1946 a major fossils fish find occurred in Princeton, when hundreds of fossil
2014:
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was found. While there, Marsh secretly made arrangements with some of the workers for them to send any fossils they found to him at the
75:, the northern part of the state was home to a river system. Sea levels rose and fell throughout the remainder of the state's Paleozoic
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described the fossils found by Foulke in the reopened Hopkins marl pit. He noted the discovery of 28 partial vertebrae, a complete
814:, based on vertebrae sent to him by his surreptitious contacts established at the West Jersey Marl Company's Barnsboro quarry. In
237:. Stromatolites continued to form in the local area. During the ensuing Ordovician period the seas deepened. Like the Cambrian,
2009:
334:. Cephalopods were also present. More than fifty different vertebrate species from this time have been found in New Jersey.
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570:. In 1818, more Cretaceous reptile remains were reported from the state. A tooth and partial jaw recovered from the
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instead of to Cope at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. This may have been the "first shot" of the
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life also left little evidence for paleontologists to interpret in New Jersey. Ordovician fossils include
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Weishampel, D.B. & L. Young. 1996. Dinosaurs of the East Coast. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
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heard about the fossil bones that had been discovered on the Hopkins farm while spending the summer in
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172:. By the late 18th century, local fossils had attracted scientific attention. In the mid-19th century
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One of the earliest significant events relating to paleontology in New Jersey occurred on October 5,
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Zapecza, Otto, Dale Springer, Judy Scotchmoor, Sarah Rieboldt. April 27, 2004. "New Jersey, US."
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on land owned by John E. Hopkins uncovered some Late Cretaceous bones. The remains were mostly
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741:, several significant paleontological events occurred. The first was Leidy's work with artist
682:, two small pieces of the jaws and nine teeth. He interpreted the fossils as the remains of a
472:. Even areas off the Atlantic coast bear mastodon remains. Mammoths also inhabited the state.
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life left behind few fossils in New Jersey. Among the Cambrian fossils that are present were
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may have burned the petrified wood to highlight its non-flammability, which may have seemed
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Mayor (2005); "Smoking the Monster's Bone: An Ancient Delaware Fossil Legend", pages 68–69.
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covered the northern part of the state. Local Native Americans are known to have possessed
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that had been swept out to sea by the river it lived alongside. Leidy called the creature
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also lived in New Jersey during the Cretaceous. Other local marine vertebrates included
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Mayor (2005); "Smoking the Monster's Bone: An Ancient Delaware Fossil Legend", page 69.
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described a new species of fossil fish from the Cretaceous of New Jersey that he named
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "Pennsylvania/New Jersey (Lockatong Formation)", page 91.
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Early in the 20th century, the end of a broken theropod foot bone was discovered in a
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exhibit as increasing the number of visitors by up to 50%. Also that year, Cope gave
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408:. In addition, there were many other reptiles found, most notably crocodilians like
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roamed the land. New Jersey has the most fossiliferous Late Cretaceous rocks of the
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1869 was another busy year for New Jersey paleontology. In 1869, a nearly complete
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Everhart (2005); "Sharks in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway", page 55.
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fossils. Invertebrates that lived in New Jersey during the Cretaceous include the
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551:
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401:
37:
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Everhart (2005); "A Brief History of Fossil Fish Collecting in Kansas", page 75.
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1626:
Hunting for Fossils: A Guide to Finding and Collecting Fossils in All 50 States
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Zapecza, Springer, Scotchmoor, and Rieboldt (2004); "Paleontology and geology".
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705:, Joseph Leidy described a single poorly preserved tooth of a Late Cretaceous
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63:, the state was still covered by the sea, which was home to creatures like
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857:'s south bank. This specimen was likely a Late Cretaceous fossil from the
592:. The new find by Hays was similar enough to the purported marine reptile
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Another significant event occurred around 1838, when workers excavating
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sites dating from between the years 1000 and 1500 preserved pieces of
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Garcia and Miller (1998); "Appendix C: Major Fossil Clubs", page 197.
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life in New Jersey included a brachiopod, a crustacean, more than 60
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1527:"Behind a Shopping Center in New Jersey, Signs of a Mass Extinction"
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "More East Coast Bones", pages 76–77.
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "Early American Bones", pages 56–57.
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "Late Cretaceous Paradise", page 48.
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underpass. Woolman sent the specimen to Cope, who referred it to
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Oceans of Kansas – A Natural History of the Western Interior Sea
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discovered Late Cretaceous dinosaur fossils along the shore of
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148:. Southern New Jersey remained a sea home to invertebrates and
1646:
1477:
Weishampel and Young (1996); "More Early Footprints", page 63.
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "More Early Footprints", page 62.
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "More East Coast Bones", page 77.
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "More East Coast Bones", page 76.
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Weishampel and Young (1996); "The East Coast Awakes", page 73.
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that would later fossilize. Other Triassic life included the
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One of the significant late 19th century events was Marsh's
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504:. Another possibility is that the fossils were burnt for a
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55:, New Jersey was covered by a shallow sea that was home to
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but were accidentally destroyed while being excavated. In
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Everhart (2005); "Turtles: Leatherback Giants", page 112.
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living in New Jersey left behind remains in places like
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deer, fish, and whale fossils have been found under the
16:
Paleontological research in the U.S. state of New Jersey
1410:
Weishampel and Young (1996); "Marsh and Cope", page 75.
869:. Another early 20th century discovery occurred around
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727:, dinosaur remains were discovered in a marl pit near
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with one end missing, two complete metatarsals and a
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inhabited the region in forests and swamps, such as
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48:. The state is especially rich in marine deposits.
1579:
1578:Garcia; Frank A. Garcia; Donald S. Miller (1998).
1307:
1349:Everhart (2005); "Enter the Mosasaurs", page 172.
1081:
818:, John Eyerman discovered fossil footprints near
1991:
1325:
834:discovery of a 15 inch long fossil foot bone in
630:Later in the 19th century, during the summer of
608:had been misidentified and was actually a fish.
1352:
1285:
295:were significant members of the state's fossil
59:forming bacteria. During the early part of the
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420:. They left behind both footprints and bones.
1690:
873:. Dinosaur footprints were discovered in the
480:
282:, which fossilized by the hundreds, and the
291:, which also left behind abundant fossils.
2005:Paleontology in the United States by state
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1683:
1511:Weishampel and Young (1996); "Haddonfield
1495:Weishampel and Young (1996); "Haddonfield
1419:Weishampel and Young (1996); "Haddonfield
1385:Weishampel and Young (1996); "Haddonfield
1372:Weishampel and Young (1996); "Haddonfield
1038:
717:. He called the animal who left the tooth
253:fossils were preserved in abundance near
1093:Monmouth Amateur Paleontologists Society
908:Princeton University's Firestone Library
799:before Marsh could receive the fossils.
518:
213:
201:
20:
1090:Delaware Valley Paleontological Society
1992:
916:were also discovered. Later, in 1966,
514:
511:aimed at having one's wishes granted.
1678:
1610:Fossil Legends of the First Americans
1524:
910:. Many specimens of the crustacean
574:of New Jersey were described for the
2015:Science and technology in New Jersey
1612:. Princeton University Press. 2005.
1605:Science Bulletin 34, pp. 63–69.
826:. Rounding out the 19th century was
1574:. Indiana University Press, 320 pp.
920:described the small gliding lizard
13:
1525:Chang, Kenneth (January 4, 2016).
1087:New Jersey Paleontological Society
160:, northern New Jersey was home to
121:, and continued to do so into the
14:
2026:
1706:Paleontology in the United States
1653:
1072:Rutgers University Geology Museum
338:teeth are relatively common, but
140:and turtles lived in its waters.
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1279:
1258:
1246:
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1202:
1118:
1104:
933:More recently, on September 29,
1518:
558:as "a large thigh bone" to the
95:. Local lakes were home to the
1649:. Accessed September 21, 2012.
1628:. Collier Books. p. 348.
1249:; "New Jersey", pages 197–198.
1082:Notable clubs and associations
598:discovered in Iowa during the
560:American Philosophical Society
178:was discovered and named. The
79:. There are no local rocks of
1:
2010:Natural history of New Jersey
1564:
758:a tour of the marl pit where
623:but also included a possible
197:
1660:Geologic units of New Jersey
1586:. Stackpole Books. pp.
1144:
1139:Paleontology in Pennsylvania
485:Two ancient Native American
7:
1097:
962:Extinction of the dinosaurs
806:naming of a new species of
777:skeleton was discovered in
743:Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins
10:
2031:
2000:Paleontology in New Jersey
926:, which was discovered at
600:Lewis and Clark Expedition
481:Indigenous interpretations
475:
356:has been preserved in the
34:Paleontology in New Jersey
1973:
1712:
1282:; "New Jersey", page 201.
1261:; "New Jersey", page 199.
1234:; "New Jersey", page 198.
1205:; "New Jersey", page 197.
1003:
972:
967:
875:Hampton Cutter Clay Works
838:during excavations for a
595:Saurocephalus lanciformis
1134:Paleontology in New York
949:signed a bill declaring
1670:Paleoportal: New Jersey
1647:The Paleontology Portal
1624:Murray, Marian (1974).
1054:New Jersey State Museum
1039:Natural history museums
906:were discovered under
720:Diplotomodon horrificus
578:. These were the first
464:and the region between
346:of the western US. The
1570:Everhart, M. J. 2005.
737:. Two years later, in
528:
397:"Coelosaurus" antiquus
221:
211:
30:
840:Pennsylvania Railroad
796:Ornithotarsus imannis
756:Othniel Charles Marsh
729:Barnsboro, New Jersey
576:scientific literature
543:presented a probable
522:
388:, and theropods like
217:
205:
93:terrestrial ecoregion
24:
923:Icarosaurus siefkeri
863:Princeton University
436:and more than forty
428:bird in New Jersey.
183:duck-billed dinosaur
29:in the United States
1582:Discovering Fossils
1112:Paleontology portal
1010:Carroll Lane Fenton
951:Hadrosaurus foulkii
939:Hadrosaurus foulkii
861:and was donated to
779:Mannington Township
764:Yale Peabody Museum
747:Hadrosaurus foulkii
734:Laelaps aquilunguis
695:Hadrosaurus foulkii
515:Scientific research
462:Mannington Township
187:Hadrosaurus foulkii
175:Hadrosaurus foulkii
146:Mid-Atlantic region
130:southern New Jersey
1531:The New York Times
1300:Everhart (2005); "
1024:Richard H. Tedford
1016:on 16th, November
572:Navesink Formation
529:
358:Navesink Formation
222:
212:
190:is the New Jersey
91:, the state was a
31:
1987:
1986:
1608:Mayor, Adrienne.
1126:New Jersey portal
859:Raritan Formation
602:that he realized
454:Cape May Counties
331:Halymenites major
321:. Others include
312:Exogyra ponderosa
219:American mastodon
136:. Invertebrates,
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1981:Washington, D.C.
1975:Federal district
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883:Middlesex County
867:Charles C. Abbot
853:sand pit on the
824:Hunterdon County
350:-like bony fish
325:and the tubular
128:A sea rose over
87:age. During the
40:research in the
25:The location of
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589:Saurodon leanus
552:Late Cretaceous
541:Timothy Matlack
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38:paleontological
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1412:
1400:
1391:
1378:
1360:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1302:Protosphyraena
1293:
1284:
1263:
1251:
1236:
1207:
1190:
1158:
1148:
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1021:
1005:
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1000:
990:
974:
971:
969:
966:
955:state dinosaur
855:Delaware River
698:after Foulke.
636:William Foulke
625:shoulder blade
556:Woodbury Creek
550:discovered in
516:
513:
494:petrified wood
487:archaeological
482:
479:
477:
474:
353:Protosphyraena
199:
196:
170:petrified wood
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2027:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
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1995:
1982:
1978:
1976:
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1955:West Virginia
1953:
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1948:
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1860:New Hampshire
1858:
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1820:Massachusetts
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1635:9780020935506
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1618:0-691-11345-9
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1303:
1297:
1288:
1281:
1280:Murray (1974)
1276:
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1268:
1260:
1259:Murray (1974)
1255:
1248:
1247:Murray (1974)
1243:
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1233:
1232:Murray (1974)
1228:
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1203:Murray (1974)
1199:
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1102:
1092:
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1076:New Brunswick
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1063:Newark Museum
1061:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1045:Morris Museum
1043:
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1022:
1019:
1015:
1014:New Brunswick
1011:
1008:
1007:
998:
994:
993:Paul E. Olsen
991:
988:
985:on March 24,
984:
983:Bergen County
980:
977:
976:
965:
963:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
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919:
918:Edwin Colbert
915:
914:
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890:
888:
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880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
847:
845:
844:Ornithotarsus
841:
837:
836:Merchantville
833:
829:
828:Lewis Woolman
825:
821:
817:
813:
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805:
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685:
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677:
673:
669:
666:, a complete
665:
662:and possible
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
606:
605:Saurocephalus
601:
597:
596:
591:
590:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
546:
542:
538:
537:Caspar Wistar
534:
527:
526:
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512:
510:
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492:
488:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
421:
419:
418:
417:Thoracosaurus
413:
412:
407:
404:, as well as
403:
399:
398:
393:
392:
387:
386:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:
360:. The turtle
359:
355:
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345:
341:
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333:
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328:
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107:
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98:
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90:
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81:Carboniferous
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
47:
43:
39:
35:
28:
23:
19:
1920:South Dakota
1910:Rhode Island
1905:Pennsylvania
1885:North Dakota
1864:
1625:
1609:
1581:
1571:
1554:
1542:. Retrieved
1530:
1520:
1512:
1496:
1491:
1482:
1461:
1452:
1420:
1415:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1318:
1309:
1301:
1296:
1287:
1254:
1152:
1030:on July 15,
995:was born in
981:was born in
959:
950:
947:James Florio
938:
932:
928:North Bergen
921:
911:
901:
891:
848:
843:
811:
807:
801:
794:
772:
759:
751:
746:
732:
718:
715:Mullica Hill
700:
693:
658:, a partial
644:Joseph Leidy
629:
610:
603:
593:
587:
568:Pennsylvania
564:Philadelphia
530:
523:
502:supernatural
484:
466:Hackettstown
422:
415:
409:
402:Dromaeosaurs
395:
391:Dryptosaurus
389:
383:
361:
351:
329:
327:trace fossil
316:
310:
301:
286:
277:
269:left behind
259:
223:
208:Dryptosaurus
206:
192:state fossil
185:
173:
156:era. By the
127:
117:left behind
108:
99:
57:stromatolite
50:
33:
32:
18:
1835:Mississippi
1750:Connecticut
1515:", page 72.
1513:Hadrosaurus
1497:Hadrosaurus
1423:", page 71.
1421:Hadrosaurus
1387:Hadrosaurus
1376:", page 68.
1374:Hadrosaurus
1304:", page 88.
945:, Governor
894:coelacanths
808:Hadrosaurus
787:Raritan Bay
752:Hadrosaurus
640:Haddonfield
554:rocks near
525:Icarosaurus
442:Pleistocene
411:Deinosuchus
385:Hadrosaurus
380:ornithopods
368:plesiosaurs
261:During the
231:brachiopods
138:plesiosaurs
132:during the
113:. On land,
77:rock record
65:brachiopods
53:Precambrian
51:During the
1994:Categories
1950:Washington
1870:New Mexico
1865:New Jersey
1740:California
1597:0811728005
1565:References
1544:January 7,
1049:Morristown
953:to be the
879:Woodbridge
687:amphibious
617:fertilizer
584:Isaac Hays
548:metatarsal
438:gastropods
434:pelecypods
304:Cretaceous
284:crustacean
275:coelacanth
271:footprints
239:Ordovician
235:trilobites
198:Prehistory
180:Cretaceous
134:Cretaceous
119:footprints
106:coelacanth
97:crustacean
69:trilobites
46:New Jersey
42:U.S. state
36:refers to
27:New Jersey
1960:Wisconsin
1925:Tennessee
1830:Minnesota
1805:Louisiana
1539:0362-4331
1145:Footnotes
768:Bone Wars
745:to mount
711:greensand
709:from the
621:vertebrae
458:Mastodons
376:Dinosaurs
372:mosasaurs
363:Bothremys
348:swordfish
340:bony fish
267:dinosaurs
162:mastodons
152:into the
142:Dinosaurs
115:dinosaurs
71:. By the
61:Paleozoic
1945:Virginia
1895:Oklahoma
1875:New York
1850:Nebraska
1840:Missouri
1825:Michigan
1815:Maryland
1800:Kentucky
1780:Illinois
1755:Delaware
1745:Colorado
1735:Arkansas
1098:See also
1028:Demarest
1026:died in
1012:died in
903:Diplurus
898:Triassic
851:Roebling
812:H. minor
775:mastodon
707:theropod
580:mosasaur
545:dinosaur
450:Atlantic
323:mollusks
318:Gryphaea
279:Diplurus
265:, local
263:Triassic
251:Silurian
227:Cambrian
166:glaciers
154:Cenozoic
123:Jurassic
110:Diplurus
104:and the
89:Triassic
73:Silurian
1965:Wyoming
1940:Vermont
1845:Montana
1785:Indiana
1765:Georgia
1760:Florida
1730:Arizona
1720:Alabama
1058:Trenton
913:Cyzicus
896:of the
877:Pit at
820:Milford
760:Laelaps
690:reptile
684:bipedal
680:phalanx
648:humerus
498:shamans
491:Miocene
476:History
446:marshes
430:Miocene
308:oysters
288:Cyzicus
255:Clinton
247:sponges
158:Ice Age
101:Cyzicus
85:Permian
1900:Oregon
1855:Nevada
1795:Kansas
1770:Hawaii
1725:Alaska
1713:States
1632:
1616:
1594:
1537:
1067:Newark
1004:Deaths
973:Births
968:People
900:genus
723:. In
676:fibula
656:radius
654:, and
509:ritual
470:Vienna
426:Eocene
400:, and
344:Seaway
293:Cycads
243:corals
150:sharks
1930:Texas
1810:Maine
1775:Idaho
791:Union
672:tibia
668:femur
664:pubis
660:ilium
506:magic
406:birds
382:like
336:Shark
297:flora
1935:Utah
1890:Ohio
1790:Iowa
1630:ISBN
1614:ISBN
1592:ISBN
1546:2016
1535:ISSN
1032:2011
1018:1969
997:1953
987:1945
943:1991
935:1984
887:1929
871:1914
832:1896
816:1886
804:1870
739:1868
725:1866
703:1865
674:, a
670:and
652:ulna
632:1858
615:for
613:marl
539:and
533:1787
468:and
452:and
414:and
370:and
315:and
233:and
164:and
67:and
1588:212
881:in
865:by
830:'s
822:in
789:at
713:at
701:In
562:in
448:of
83:or
44:of
1996::
1590:.
1533:.
1529:.
1504:^
1470:^
1440:^
1428:^
1403:^
1363:^
1266:^
1239:^
1210:^
1193:^
1161:^
1074:,
1065:,
1056:,
1047:,
964:.
930:.
846:.
810:,
770:.
650:,
634:,
566:,
535:.
456:.
394:,
245:,
194:.
125:.
1698:e
1691:t
1684:v
1638:.
1620:.
1600:.
1548:.
1034:.
1020:.
999:.
989:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
