1910:
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55:
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363:, usually recognized as the first American to see Antarctica. The maximum population that Palmer Station can accommodate is 46 people. The normal austral summer contingent varies, but it is generally around 44 people. Palmer is staffed year-round; however, the population drops to around 19 people for winter maintenance after the conclusion of the summer research season. There are science labs located in the Bio-Lab building (pictured), the other main building is GWR (Garage, Warehouse, and Recreation).
1946:
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499:(ET). Due to its northern location within Antarctica and proximity to the coast, the temperatures moderate more than interior climates. Winters are generally cold and subzero, while summers are chilly, but regularly rise to temperatures above freezing. The average temperature for the year in Palmer Station is 28.8 °F (-1.8 °C). The warmest month, on average, is January. The coldest month is August.
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383:. Old Palmer was built about 1965, and served as a base for those building "new" Palmer, which opened in 1968. Old Palmer was designated as an emergency refuge for the new station in case of disaster, though this perceived need disappeared over time. It was dismantled and removed from the Antarctic as part of the National Science Foundation's environmental cleanup efforts in the early 1990s.
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as the
President of the United States. Much of the footage for the film was shot in the vicinity of Palmer Station, though none was actually filmed at the station. Although the actual station can accommodate fewer than 50 people, the station depicted in the film housed several hundred.
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1307:, where the pier is located, was previously too shallow for the Palmer to dock at the station, though after a pier improvement/replacement finished in 2022 docking is now done routinely. Both ships are staffed and leased to the USAP by
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The facility is the second Palmer
Station; "Old Palmer" was about a mile to the northwest adjacent to the site of the British Antarctic Survey "Base N", built in the mid-fifties. The site is on what is now known as
1346:, named for the shipbuilder. Other people believe that Hero Inlet is named after Capt. Nathaniel Palmer's 47 foot sloop, Hero, that he was sailing when he first sighted Antarctica.
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There is no routine air access to Palmer. Over the years, small ski-equipped aircraft have occasionally landed on the glacier to the east of the station.
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In 2005, a research team from the Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution and the University of Southern Mississippi mapped the nearby ocean floor.
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Palmer
Station is located at 64.77°S, 64.05°W. The majority of the science research conducted at Palmer Station revolves around
339:. Initial construction of the station finished in 1968. The station, like the other U.S. Antarctic stations, is operated by the
3216:
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1428:(Day of Resurrection/Virus) revolves around Palmer Station as the gathering place for humanity's last survivors of a deadly
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1731:"The USAP Portal: Science and Support in Antarctica - Science and Technical Project Services (S&TPS) Information"
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Most of the station's personnel are seasonal employees of the U.S. Antarctic
Program's main support contractor,
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This article is about the
Antarctic research station. For the train station with the same name, see
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390:. The summer support staff is usually 24 people. Previous main support contractors were
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and built in 1968 by the Harvey Gamage shipyard in Maine. Palmer
Station is located on
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NSF (National
Science Foundation) Ultraviolet (UV) Monitoring Network with picture
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Map of Palmer
Archipelago region, Cartographic base: Antarctic Digital Database.
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406:. Over time many support staff have worked for two or more of these firms.
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that makes routine science research cruises around the peninsula. The R/V
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The USAP has a science planning summary for each year at Palmer
Station.
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1303:'s other research vessel, has also made port calls to Palmer Station —
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1322:-type vessel built to conduct research and supply Palmer Station from
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418:. The station also houses year-round monitoring equipment for global
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1793:"Climate & Weather Averages for Palmer Station, Antarctica"
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1746:"Scientists Map Ocean Floor Near Palmer Station in Antarctica"
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1709:"Whistler-mode Wave Studies at Palmer Station, Antarctica"
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The Köppen Climate Classification for Palmer Station is a
1692:"New manager for US Antarctic Program logistics contract"
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426:-monitoring networks, as well as a site for the study of
1407:. The entire journey usually takes four days; however,
423:
1744:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (June 13, 2005).
1440:
Conway, the station's commanding officer and features
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Residents use their red parkas to send a greeting to
1868:
Research blog of a 2008 expedition at Palmer Station
1986:
347:. The base is about as distant from the equator as
4092:Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
1768:"Palmer Station, Antarctica Köppen Classification"
1621:Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
1608:
1606:
1604:
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1972:
1353:was retired in 1984 and replaced by the R/V
16:United States research station in Antarctica
1391:to the east, then south along the coast of
335:, the only US station located north of the
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1979:
1965:
1285:Palmer Station is re-supplied by the R/V
375:are available at the station's web site.
1034:
327:is a United States research station in
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1703:
1701:
1411:and storms can slow the journey down.
1278:landing for ski equipped aircraft only
402:, and Antarctic Support Associates of
77:
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1998:
1960:
1822:. The National Academic Press. 2007.
1819:Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World
1640:from the original on October 22, 2022
1414:
1201:
445:Other research is conducted from the
4283:
1879:Palmer Long-Term Ecological Research
1377:USAP participants travel aboard the
1698:
1523:List of Antarctic research stations
28:Antarctic base in the United States
13:
1291:, a ship with an ice-strengthened
1214:Location of airfield in Antarctica
14:
4365:
4354:1968 establishments in Antarctica
1855:
1399:, then directly south across the
461:. Science cruises cover physical
21:Palmer station (British Columbia)
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4273:
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4032:
1944:
1932:
1920:
1908:
1864:on Global Fiducials Program site
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1471:
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1314:Hero Inlet is named for the R/V
1200:
1193:
506:Climate data for Palmer Station
76:
69:
53:
4334:United States Antarctic Program
1988:Research stations in Antarctica
1301:United States Antarctic Program
341:United States Antarctic Program
165:United States Antarctic Program
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1999:
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1760:
1737:
1723:
1684:
1673:
1652:
1533:List of airports in Antarctica
354:
90:Location of Palmer Station in
1:
1592:
1528:List of Antarctic field camps
59:Palmer Station, January 2016.
1873:Archived Palmer Station page
1862:Archived Palmer Station page
1623:. August 2017. p. 149.
1349:After years of service, the
398:, ITT Antarctic Services of
367:images of the station and a
7:
4349:Chilean Antarctic Territory
4344:British Antarctic Territory
1894:Palmer Station on LocalWiki
1614:Antarctic Station Catalogue
1515:
1340:National Science Foundation
1106:National Science Foundation
1096:National Science Foundation
765:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
625:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
345:National Science Foundation
171:National Science Foundation
10:
4370:
4324:Geography of Anvers Island
2899:
2468:
1889:USAP Palmer Station webcam
1680:BAS Anvers IslandStation N
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2005:
1994:
1387:. The course follows the
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359:The station is named for
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52:
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33:
3942:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
1660:"Palmer Station Webcams"
1367:was replaced by the R/V
1297:Nathaniel B. Palmer
4319:Outposts of Graham Land
3239:Pole of Inaccessibility
1875:on Antarctic Connection
1309:Edison Chouest Offshore
1168:64.775001°S 64.054442°W
1140:149 ft / 45 m
394:, Holmes and Narver of
392:Raytheon Polar Services
180:20 March 1968
121:64.774230°S 64.052718°W
4314:Outposts of Antarctica
3498:Airports in Antarctica
1379:Laurence M. Gould
1369:Laurence M. Gould
1173:-64.775001; -64.054442
430:. Palmer also hosts a
207:30 ft (10 m)
146:Location in Antarctica
126:-64.774230; -64.052718
1756:on December 11, 2005.
1553:Operation Deep Freeze
4339:Argentine Antarctica
2550:St. Kliment Ohridski
1750:Advanced Imaging Pro
1711:. Stanford VLF Group
1318:, a 125-foot wooden
1035:Supply and transport
555:Record high °F (°C)
4255:Robert Falcon Scott
3912:South magnetic pole
3870:Antarctic Peninsula
3865:Biogeographic realm
2800:Gabriel de Castilla
1389:Straits of Magellan
1384:Punta Arenas, Chile
1164: /
835:Record low °F (°C)
695:Daily mean °F (°C)
458:Nathaniel B. Palmer
422:, atmospheric, and
404:Englewood, Colorado
400:Paramus, New Jersey
361:Nathaniel B. Palmer
225: • Winter
217: • Summer
198:Nathaniel B. Palmer
117: /
4193:Telecommunications
4107:Territorial claims
3659:Princess Elisabeth
3559:King George Island
2538:Princess Elisabeth
1543:South Pole Station
1415:In popular culture
440:Western Hemisphere
396:Orange, California
4301:
4300:
4260:Ernest Shackleton
4188:Research stations
4133:Antarctic English
4102:National programs
4097:Military activity
4071:COVID-19 pandemic
4028:
4027:
3897:Floristic Kingdom
3802:Antarctic sea ice
3752:
3751:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3000:Drescher Ice Camp
2890:
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2459:
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2385:Comandante Ferraz
2105:Profesor Escudero
2095:General O'Higgins
1837:978-0-309-10321-3
1630:978-0-473-40409-3
1563:Ellsworth Station
1432:. The film stars
1338:was owned by the
1288:Laurence M. Gould
1283:
1282:
1272:
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1031:
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981:relative humidity
452:Laurence M. Gould
371:colony on nearby
349:Fairbanks, Alaska
322:
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4250:James Clark Ross
4222:Famous explorers
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3619:Novolazarevskaya
3599:McMurdo Williams
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2303:Novolazarevskaya
2171:Dumont d'Urville
2007:
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1752:. Archived from
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1586:Little America V
1568:Brockton Station
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447:research vessels
373:Torgersen Island
337:Antarctic Circle
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4234:Richard E. Byrd
4217:
4178:Protected areas
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4024:
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3935:Bodies of Water
3930:
3919:West Antarctica
3875:East Antarctica
3853:
3788:
3783:
3753:
3748:
3709:Thiel Mountains
3594:McMurdo Phoenix
3500:
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3465:
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3431:World Park Base
3409:Little Rockford
3275:
3258:
3246:
3229:
3207:
3165:
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2587:Julio Ripamonti
2572:González Videla
2484:Almirante Brown
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2100:Presidente Frei
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1797:timeanddate.com
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1772:weatherbase.com
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1581:Hallett Station
1576:Plateau Station
1538:McMurdo Station
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1490:Palmer Station.
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1134:Elevation
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295:Marine biology
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161:Administered by
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94:
88:
87:
86:
85:
81:
60:
48:
36:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4367:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4280:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4244:Ui-te-Rangiora
4241:
4239:Douglas Mawson
4236:
4231:
4229:Roald Amundsen
4225:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4168:Gateway cities
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4128:Antarctica Day
4124:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4047:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3998:Microorganisms
3995:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3962:List of rivers
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3892:Extreme points
3889:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3872:
3867:
3861:
3859:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3812:Climate change
3804:
3798:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3781:
3774:
3767:
3759:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3471:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3438:Joint Stations
3435:
3434:
3433:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3404:Little America
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3287:United Kingdom
3284:
3283:
3282:
3270:
3265:
3253:
3244:Salyut Station
3241:
3236:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2880:Elichiribehety
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2841:United Kingdom
2838:
2837:
2836:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2768:Leningradskaya
2760:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2626:Czech Republic
2623:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2577:Guillermo Mann
2574:
2569:
2564:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2354:Amundsen-Scott
2350:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2293:Bellingshausen
2289:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2239:United Kingdom
2235:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2149:Czech Republic
2145:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2003:
2002:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1961:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1929:
1917:
1915:Earth sciences
1897:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1865:
1857:
1856:External links
1854:
1851:
1850:
1836:
1828:10.17226/11753
1809:
1784:
1759:
1736:
1722:
1697:
1683:
1672:
1651:
1629:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1572:Eights Station
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1517:
1514:
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1494:
1492:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1470:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1434:George Kennedy
1425:Fukkatsu no hi
1416:
1413:
1361:Bergen, Norway
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1264:
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1199:
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1185:
1181:
1180:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1131:
1130:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1115:Palmer Station
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1085:
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1080:
1076:
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965:
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935:
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901:
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876:
871:
866:
861:
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686:
681:
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636:
631:
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621:
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611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
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571:
566:
561:
556:
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551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
508:
507:
501:
497:tundra climate
492:
489:
467:marine geology
432:radio receiver
416:marine biology
411:
408:
356:
353:
343:(USAP) of the
325:Palmer Station
320:
319:
310:
306:
305:
303:
302:
299:
296:
289:
288:
287:
285:
281:
280:
277:
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174:
173:
162:
158:
157:
148:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
99:
98:
89:
84:Palmer Station
83:
82:
75:
74:
68:
67:
66:
65:
62:
61:
58:
50:
49:
41:
38:
37:
35:Palmer Station
34:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4366:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4329:Anvers Island
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4281:
4279:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4173:Midwinter Day
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4113:
4112:Treaty System
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4035:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3967:McMurdo Sound
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3925:
3922:
3921:
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3917:
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3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
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3856:
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3847:
3845:
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3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
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3822:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
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3787:
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3775:
3773:
3768:
3766:
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3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
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3700:
3697:
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3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3639:Patriot Hills
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3624:Odell Glacier
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3609:Molodyozhnaya
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
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3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
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3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:Davis Plateau
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3514:Browning Pass
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3492:
3487:
3485:
3480:
3478:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3449:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3369:United States
3367:
3363:
3360:
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3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
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3333:
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3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
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3290:
3289:
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3285:
3279:
3274:
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3257:
3254:
3250:
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3242:
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3237:
3233:
3228:
3225:
3223:
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3215:
3211:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3195:Komsomolskaya
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:Druzhnaya III
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
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3120:
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3037:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3005:Georg Forster
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2971:Arturo Parodi
2969:
2967:
2966:Aguirre Cerda
2964:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2954:King Baudouin
2952:
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2928:
2926:
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2913:
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2904:
2897:
2893:
2881:
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2877:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2858:United States
2856:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
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2839:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2805:Juan Carlos I
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2773:Molodyozhnaya
2771:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2721:
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2716:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2653:
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2640:
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2627:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2597:Union Glacier
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
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2346:United States
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2240:
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2200:
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2159:
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2098:
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2079:
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2032:
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2027:
2025:
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2020:
2017:
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2014:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1977:
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1968:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1952:
1951:United States
1942:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1918:
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1906:
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1902:
1895:
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1887:
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1693:
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1655:
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1626:
1622:
1619:(catalogue).
1615:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
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1561:
1559:
1558:Siple Station
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
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1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
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1521:
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1509:
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1481:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1464:Anvers Island
1458:
1453:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1421:Japanese film
1412:
1410:
1406:
1405:Anvers Island
1402:
1401:Drake Passage
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1366:
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1259:
1256:
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1248:
1247:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1221:
1208:Palmer Skiway
1196:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:Anvers Island
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1043:Palmer Skiway
1040:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
977:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
908:
907:precipitation
903:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
833:
827:
822:
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812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
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757:
752:
747:
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722:
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697:
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623:
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476:
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468:
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437:
434:that studies
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
381:Amsler Island
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:Anvers Island
330:
326:
316:
311:
307:
300:
297:
294:
293:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
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199:
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179:
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172:
166:
163:
159:
156:
152:
151:Anvers Island
149:
147:
143:
140:United States
139:
135:
130:
102:Coordinates:
100:
93:
72:
63:
56:
51:
47:
44:
39:
32:
26:
22:
4158:Firefighting
4143:Demographics
4066:Colonization
4061:World War II
3633:
3579:Marble Point
3549:Fossil Bluff
3437:
3425:
3368:
3297:Port Lockroy
3286:
3256:Sodruzhestvo
3190:Druzhnaya IV
3180:Druzhnaya II
3158:Soviet Union
3157:
3151:Sarie Marais
3126:South Africa
3125:
3113:
3096:
3079:
3057:
3051:Giacomo Bove
3045:
3033:
2994:
2977:
2960:
2948:
2936:
2920:Belgrano III
2909:
2874:
2857:
2846:Fossil Bluff
2840:
2828:
2811:
2794:
2762:
2756:Law-Racoviță
2750:
2738:
2732:Machu Picchu
2726:
2714:
2702:
2690:
2678:
2661:
2649:
2637:
2625:
2608:
2582:Jorge Boonen
2556:
2544:
2532:
2520:
2478:
2439:
2427:
2416:South Africa
2415:
2403:
2391:
2379:
2363:
2237:
2225:
2213:
2201:
2189:
2183:Neumayer III
2177:
2160:
2148:
2090:Captain Prat
1841:. Retrieved
1818:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1796:
1787:
1775:. Retrieved
1771:
1762:
1754:the original
1749:
1739:
1725:
1713:. Retrieved
1686:
1675:
1663:. Retrieved
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1548:Byrd Station
1462:Location on
1423:
1418:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1344:Gamage Point
1335:
1315:
1313:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1084:Airport type
909:inches (mm)
494:
486:
483:
479:paleontology
463:oceanography
456:
450:
444:
428:heliophysics
413:
385:
377:
358:
324:
323:
301:Heliophysics
25:
4246:(legendary)
4153:Field camps
4051:Expeditions
3977:Weddell Sea
3957:Lake Vostok
3952:Lake Mercer
3824:Ice shelves
3734:Wolf's Fang
3724:WAIS Divide
3589:McMurdo Ice
3544:Enigma Lake
3446: [
3276: [
3259: [
3247: [
3230: [
3222:Pionerskaya
3208: [
3175:Druzhnaya I
3166: [
3119:Dobrowolski
3080:New Zealand
3027:Neumayer II
3018: [
2988:Port Martin
2744:Dobrowolski
2691:New Zealand
2526:Vechernyaya
2404:New Zealand
2336:King Sejong
2323:South Korea
2019:Belgrano II
1665:February 3,
1644:January 16,
1171: /
1146:Coordinates
355:Description
331:located on
315:www.nsf.gov
298:Seismology
279:Operational
177:Established
155:Graham Land
124: /
4308:Categories
4056:Heroic Age
3907:South Pole
3817:Heat waves
3786:Antarctica
3704:South Pole
3689:Siple Dome
3268:Sovetskaya
3131:Borga Base
3015:Neumayer I
2915:Belgrano I
2834:ITU PolReC
2592:Risopatrón
2154:Eco-Nelson
2123:Great Wall
2044:San Martín
2000:Year-round
1593:References
1442:Glenn Ford
1403:and on to
1356:Polar Duke
1305:Hero Inlet
1159:64°03′16″W
1156:64°46′30″S
1128:Antarctica
471:glaciology
329:Antarctica
284:Activities
263:Year-round
212:Population
184:1968-03-20
112:64°03′10″W
109:64°46′27″S
92:Antarctica
4208:Transport
3947:Lake CECs
3924:ice sheet
3880:ice sheet
3849:Volcanoes
3839:Mountains
3794:Geography
3744:Zucchelli
3674:Rumdoodle
3629:O'Higgins
3604:Mid Point
3539:Dome Fuji
3524:Concordia
3443:Weddell-1
3394:Ellsworth
3384:East Base
3362:Station W
3357:Station V
3352:Station T
3347:Station P
3342:Station O
3337:Station N
3332:Station J
3327:Station G
3322:Station F
3317:Station E
3312:Station D
3307:Station C
3302:Station B
3292:South Ice
3146:SANAE III
3068:Dome Fuji
2937:Australia
2925:Ellsworth
2910:Argentina
2684:Zucchelli
2643:Maldonado
2514:Primavera
2494:Decepción
2479:Argentina
2331:Jang Bogo
2231:Vernadsky
2219:Arctowski
2195:Concordia
2166:Concordia
2128:Zhongshan
2054:Australia
2029:Esperanza
2011:Argentina
1927:Geography
1802:August 4,
1777:August 4,
1419:The 1980
1397:Cape Horn
1393:Argentina
1371:in 1997.
1328:Argentina
1237:Direction
1027:Source:
438:over the
436:lightning
251:UN/LOCODE
234:Time zone
204:Elevation
193:Named for
43:Antarctic
4278:Category
4183:Religion
4085:Politics
4003:Wildlife
3972:Ross Sea
3834:Glaciers
3679:SANAE IV
3664:Progress
3614:Neumayer
3574:Marambio
3374:Brockton
3273:Vostok I
3141:SANAE II
3107:Maudheim
3010:Filchner
2868:Shirreff
2783:Russkaya
2778:Progress
2715:Pakistan
2672:Gondwana
2562:Carvajal
2545:Bulgaria
2504:Melchior
2499:Matienzo
2421:SANAE IV
2308:Progress
2034:Marambio
1939:Aviation
1843:June 22,
1715:June 22,
1635:Archived
1516:See also
1244:Surface
1120:Location
1102:Operator
979:Average
905:Average
900:(−40.8)
895:(−18.4)
890:(−21.6)
885:(−23.4)
880:(−33.8)
875:(−36.4)
870:(−40.8)
865:(−35.4)
860:(−30.7)
855:(−23.9)
850:(−19.7)
845:(−15.4)
840:(−14.8)
4288:Commons
4203:Tourism
4148:Economy
4121:Society
4043:History
4013:Mammals
3902:Islands
3858:Regions
3829:Geology
3807:Climate
3729:Wilkins
3699:Sky Blu
3669:Rothera
3654:Plateau
3644:Pegasus
3509:Bharati
3414:Plateau
3399:Hallett
3200:Lazarev
3163:Druzhba
3136:SANAE I
3085:Hallett
2995:Germany
2983:Charcot
2949:Belgium
2875:Uruguay
2751:Romania
2662:Germany
2650:Finland
2638:Ecuador
2619:Taishan
2567:Collins
2533:Belgium
2521:Belarus
2445:Artigas
2440:Uruguay
2359:McMurdo
2270:Bharati
2250:Rothera
2226:Ukraine
2178:Germany
2133:Qinling
2039:Orcadas
2024:Carlini
1901:Portals
1449:Gallery
1438:Admiral
1409:sea ice
1395:, past
1320:trawler
1241:Length
1225:Runways
1087:Private
1079:Summary
830:(−4.3)
825:(−0.9)
820:(−2.9)
815:(−5.6)
810:(−9.1)
805:(−9.8)
800:(−9.0)
795:(−6.6)
790:(−4.2)
785:(−2.6)
780:(−1.1)
775:(−0.2)
760:(−1.8)
750:(−0.2)
745:(−2.5)
740:(−5.5)
735:(−6.9)
730:(−6.1)
725:(−4.4)
720:(−2.1)
715:(−0.9)
670:(−1.9)
665:(−4.0)
660:(−3.2)
655:(−2.2)
620:(14.8)
615:(11.3)
570:(10.6)
565:(12.7)
560:(14.8)
491:Climate
475:geology
420:seismic
410:Science
369:penguin
309:Website
182: (
168:via the
137:Country
3885:shield
3844:Tundra
3739:Vostok
3649:Petrel
3634:Palmer
3584:Mawson
3569:Maitri
3564:Kohnen
3554:Halley
3389:Eights
3227:Pobeda
3114:Poland
3102:Norway
3097:Norway
3073:Mizuho
2978:France
2942:Wilkes
2930:Sobral
2900:Closed
2829:Turkey
2812:Sweden
2763:Russia
2739:Poland
2720:Jinnah
2703:Norway
2667:Kohnen
2631:Mendel
2614:Kunlun
2602:Yelcho
2509:Petrel
2489:Cámara
2469:Summer
2428:Turkey
2380:Brazil
2373:Others
2364:Palmer
2313:Vostok
2285:Russia
2275:Maitri
2245:Halley
2214:Poland
2202:Norway
2161:France
2142:Europe
2072:Mawson
1834:
1627:
1363:. The
1334:. The
1299:, the
1260:2,500
1257:01/19
1112:Serves
974:(658)
770:(0.7)
755:(1.3)
710:(1.0)
705:(1.9)
700:(2.7)
690:(0.7)
685:(3.5)
680:(2.4)
675:(0.6)
650:(0.1)
645:(0.8)
640:(3.1)
635:(4.0)
630:(4.7)
610:(9.9)
605:(6.5)
600:(4.4)
595:(3.3)
590:(3.6)
585:(5.6)
580:(7.4)
575:(8.2)
511:Month
477:, and
449:(R/V)
388:Leidos
365:Webcam
276:Status
271:Annual
268:Period
255:AQ PLM
4293:Index
4213:Women
4163:Flags
4138:Crime
4076:Years
4018:Krill
4008:Birds
3993:Flora
3719:Union
3714:Troll
3694:Sitry
3684:Showa
3519:Casey
3450:]
3426:Other
3419:Siple
3280:]
3263:]
3251:]
3234:]
3217:Oasis
3212:]
3170:]
3090:Vanda
3063:Asuka
3058:Japan
3046:Italy
3034:India
3022:]
2961:Chile
2863:Lenie
2851:Signy
2795:Spain
2788:Soyuz
2696:Vanda
2679:Italy
2609:China
2557:Chile
2409:Scott
2397:Showa
2392:Japan
2298:Mirny
2262:India
2207:Troll
2190:Italy
2115:China
2082:Chile
2067:Davis
2062:Casey
1638:(PDF)
1617:(PDF)
1430:virus
1381:from
1332:Chile
1324:ports
1092:Owner
1022:81.7
1019:79.3
1016:78.9
1013:82.2
1010:84.6
1007:83.9
1004:84.3
1001:81.4
998:82.4
995:79.9
992:82.3
989:81.8
986:80.0
972:25.90
969:(39)
964:(48)
959:(66)
954:(53)
949:(46)
944:(42)
939:(46)
934:(63)
929:(72)
924:(70)
919:(57)
914:(55)
898:−41.5
883:−10.1
878:−28.9
873:−33.5
868:−41.5
863:−31.8
858:−23.2
853:−11.0
550:Year
239:UTC-3
4198:Time
3986:Life
3379:Byrd
2822:Wasa
2817:Svea
2727:Peru
2655:Aboa
2433:TARS
1845:2012
1832:ISBN
1804:2019
1779:2019
1717:2012
1667:2021
1646:2023
1625:ISBN
1508:DC-8
1504:NASA
1365:Duke
1351:Hero
1336:Hero
1330:and
1316:Hero
1293:hull
1263:762
1136:AMSL
1069:NZ0B
1065:ICAO
1058:none
1054:IATA
983:(%)
967:1.55
962:1.89
957:2.58
952:2.09
947:1.82
942:1.65
937:1.83
932:2.47
927:2.84
922:2.76
917:2.26
912:2.16
893:−1.1
888:−6.9
848:−3.5
828:24.3
823:30.3
818:26.7
813:21.9
808:15.6
803:14.3
798:15.8
793:20.2
788:24.5
783:27.4
778:30.0
773:31.7
768:33.3
758:28.8
753:34.3
748:31.6
743:27.5
738:22.1
733:19.6
728:21.1
723:24.1
718:28.3
713:30.4
708:33.8
703:35.4
698:36.9
688:33.2
683:38.3
678:36.4
673:33.1
668:28.6
663:24.8
658:26.3
653:28.0
648:32.1
643:33.4
638:37.6
633:39.2
628:40.4
618:58.6
613:52.3
608:49.8
603:43.7
598:39.9
593:37.9
588:38.5
583:42.1
578:45.3
573:46.7
568:51.0
563:54.8
558:58.6
547:Dec
544:Nov
541:Oct
538:Sep
535:Aug
532:Jul
529:Jun
526:May
523:Apr
520:Mar
517:Feb
514:Jan
455:and
290:List
260:Type
46:base
3529:D10
3205:Mir
2708:Tor
1824:doi
1506:'s
1436:as
1326:in
1267:Ice
1249:ft
1184:Map
843:4.2
838:5.4
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