49:
36:
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as I, T, and L, can be challenging to distinguish. Forgotten words were added in smaller letters. Punctuation marks appear as small triangles placed somewhat haphazardly. Traces of white paint remain, which was commonly used to highlight letters on bronze inscriptions. Domiciano's name was erased after his death due to the
311:
disclosure through tablets or posters on the streets. The character of federated cities, which could use their own legal system, is evident in the fact that citizens of Malaca could present their candidates for local aediles without taking into account imperial designations. The tablets also mention aspects related to the
266:
Each chapter is preceded by its title, indented, and introduced by a heading. The first line of each chapter protrudes to the left and begins with one or two larger or interwoven letters; beneath them is the chapter number. The inscription is abundant with large-sized letters, among which some, such
255:
Originally composed of five bronze tablets, only one remains. This preserved tablet measures approximately 89 cm in height and 122 cm in width, with a thickness varying from 0.9 cm on the left to 0.5 cm on the right. Its top and bottom edges are irregular, while the sides are smooth. Including its
218:
in the area of Monte de El Ejido, in the city of Málaga by local workers. Their initial intention was to sell these pieces as scrap metal to the Luque family, who were bronze craftsmen. Before they could be melted down, news of the tablets' existence reached the Malaga-based couple Amalia
Heredia
230:
For years, these tablets were displayed in the
Loringiano Museum on the La Concepción estate. However, the Loring family decided to sell their collection of legal bronzes to the state to ensure that this valuable find would not be dispersed after their death. As a result, they became part of the
201:
and had strong allies in
Hispania. In the year 74, the city of Malaca might have requested the emperor to grant them the Lex Flavia, under the provision of granting Latin rights to all of Hispania. However, this grant of citizenship did not materialize until sometime between the years 81 and 96,
310:
The urban character of the Roman Empire is evident in its provisions. For instance, the stipulation that owners of buildings destroyed, whether with sufficient reason or not, should rebuild them within a year or face a fine. Additionally, works that were initiated would be subject to public
289:
The Lex Flavia
Malacitana, in its current state, preserves only nineteen chapters related to the system and processes of accessing magistracies. Contained within it are the procedures for the election and voting of magistrates by popular assemblies; the appointment of municipal patrons; and
251:
The Lex Flavia
Malacitana consists of municipal tablets typically placed in a prominent location within the forum, which was the political and religious center of cities. Their purpose was to ensure that all citizens were familiar with the municipality's regulations.
219:
Livermore and Jorge Loring Oyarzábal. They acquired the tablets with the intention of starting an archaeological collection. Subsequently, Manuel Rodríguez de
Berlanga y Rosado, Jorge Loring's brother-in-law, studied, translated, and disseminated the
256:
frame, the total dimensions extend to 94 cm by 130 cm, and the tablet weighs 90 kg. The inscription appears to have been engraved prior to the frame's assembly, as the frame would have hindered the burin's movement during the engraving process.
290:
regulations for the management of public funds. It demonstrates a census-based organization, which distributes obligations and rights based on the economic capacity of the citizens.
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755:
137:. Since the tablets provide the only surviving copy of large parts of the Flavian municipal law, they have provided new insights into the procedural side of municipal courts.
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88:
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for transactions made with public funds. Similarly to the
Salpensa law, interpolations of the original text, the Lex Flavia Municipal, are common.
97:
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741:
1103:
726:
484:
1142:
531:
499:
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En una respuesta parlamentaria al PSOE, el
Ejecutivo se niega al traslado permanente o temporal del acta fundacional de la ciudad
232:
134:
689:
456:
174:, of mutual friendship and equality. During this era, the Municipium Malacitanum was a transit and exchange hub within the
178:, invigorating the city both economically and culturally. It connected the city with other settlements in the interior of
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1028:
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224:
83:
law of Malaca") is a bronze tablet bearing Latin local statutes which deal with the official activities of the
1089:
149:
1122:
677:
Mainake. Las Leyes
Municipales en Hispania. 150 Aniversario del descubrimiento de la Lex Flavia Malacitana
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862:
239:
owns a copy of these tablets, which is displayed in its
Plenary Hall. A replica can also be seen in the
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141:
236:
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908:
819:
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given by Domician to the new Flavian Municipality of Malaca. It retains chapters 51 through 66.
133:. and has allowed new insights into the workings of Roman law. The tablets are exhibited in the
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8:
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105:. Malaca was governed under this law, which granted free-born persons the privileges of
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A portion of the law aligns almost verbatim with the two Hispalense fragments from the
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532:"El PP anuncia que el ministro estudiará que la Lex Flavia Malacitana venga a Málaga"
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JORNADAS DE ESTUDIO POR EL 150 ANIVERSARIO DEL HALLAZGO DE LA LEX FLAVIA MALACITANA
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Oppida stipendiaria: los municipios flavios en la descripción de Hispania de Plinio
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Following the civil wars that occurred in the Empire in 68-69 (known as the "
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among specialists. For his efforts, he was knighted with the
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669:. Madrid: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. p. 212-243.
101:, and it was dated from AD 81–84, i.e. the early reign of
558:"El Gobierno rechaza la cesión a Málaga de la Lex Flavia"
1128:
Collection of the National Archaeological Museum, Madrid
458:"The lex Irnitina, a new copy of Flavian Municipal Law"
164:
The Romanization of Málaga, as in most of the southern
416:
Hartmut Galsterer; Hubert Cancik; Helmuth Schneider.
486:"The lex Irnitana and procedure in the civil courts"
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325:
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The tablet contains a portion of the version of the
168:, was peaceful and conducted through agreements,
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87:. The tablet was found in the 20th century near
446:"Lex Irnitana, Encyclopedia of Ancient History"
355:
206:, who is mentioned in the oaths of the text.
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749:
694:. Real Academia de la Historia. p. 117.
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394:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
122:it provides the most complete version of the
500:"La Lex Flavia Malacitana llega al Congreso"
424:. Reference. Antiquity volumes. Brill Online
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756:
742:
725:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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34:
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247:Description of the Lex Flavia Malacitana
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538:(in Spanish). Vocento. 16 December 2016
152:studied the case, and on 12 March 2018
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786:Palace of National Library and Museums
765:National Archaeological Museum (Spain)
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197:emerged as the victor. He founded the
135:National Archaeological Museum, Madrid
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775:
737:
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641:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law
1143:Archaeological discoveries in Spain
144:was offered to give it back to the
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359:Diccionario de historia de España
1004:Crucifix of Ferdinand and Sancha
688:Chueca Goitia, Fernando (1998).
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214:The tablets were discovered in
140:In December 2016 a petition to
1029:Phoenician Harpocrates statues
646:American Philosophical Society
472:Das römische Zivilprozessrecht
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450:
409:
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356:Alvar Ezquerra, Jaime (2001).
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233:National Archaeological Museum
225:Order of Isabella the Catholic
1:
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691:Madrid, pieza clave de España
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1076:. You can help Knowledge by
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182:and with other ports in the
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863:Lady of Cerro de los Santos
10:
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1133:1st-century texts in Latin
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389:"Lex Municipii Malacitani"
387:Vázquez Hoyos, Ana María.
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957:
918:
833:
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674:Stylow, Armin. U (2001).
191:Year of the Four Emperors
142:Congreso de los Diputados
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42:
33:
26:
21:
1153:1st-century inscriptions
1034:Treasure of Gazteluberri
909:Treasure of El Carambolo
709:Lecuona, Emilio (2001).
663:Canto, Alicia M (1996).
297:(related to Utrera) and
1168:Ancient Roman law stubs
1158:Archaeological palettes
241:Customs House of Málaga
28:Category:Lex Malacitana
1024:Abydos Aramaic papyrus
890:Mausoleum of Pozo Moro
638:Berger, Adolf (1953).
124:lex Flavia municipalis
1148:1st-century artifacts
965:Treasure of Guarrazar
621:Canto 1996, p.235,236
585:Canto (1996), p. 212.
221:Lex Flavia Malacitana
150:Ministerio de Cultura
76:Lex Flavia Malacitana
202:during the reign of
85:duoviri iuri dicundo
16:Latin local statutes
1068:This article about
612:Lecuona 2001, p. 51
603:Chueca 1998, p. 117
594:Stylow 2001, p. 25.
474:, Kaser, Beck, 1996
1138:Latin inscriptions
512:. 14 December 2016
231:collection of the
154:Spanish Government
112:Together with the
1123:History of Málaga
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927:Bacchus of Aldaia
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460:, Julian Gonzales
422:Brill's New Pauly
277:upon the rise of
270:damnatio memoriae
235:. Currently, the
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107:Roman citizenship
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426:. Retrieved
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399:. Retrieved
397:(in Spanish)
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488:, A. Rodger
344:Berger 1953
332:Berger 1953
156:denied it.
95:) with the
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981:Al-Andalus
813:Prehistory
562:Diario Sur
536:Diario Sur
505:Diario Sur
319:References
1163:Roman law
1070:Roman law
997:Christian
803:Artifacts
777:Buildings
721:cite book
305:decurions
261:Lex Latii
210:Discovery
195:Vespasian
126:, or the
568:13 March
204:Domitian
180:Hispania
116:and the
103:Domitian
91:(modern
43:Location
911:replica
542:20 June
516:20 June
510:Vocento
428:11 June
285:Content
160:History
128:Flavian
81:Flavian
46:Spain
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275:Senate
148:. The
93:Málaga
89:Malaca
1072:is a
1017:Other
919:Roman
681:(PDF)
279:Nerva
57:[
1074:stub
727:link
696:ISBN
650:ISBN
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544:2017
518:2017
430:2012
403:2018
368:ISBN
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216:1851
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