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individuals. As a type of mountain race, sky running could allow for the strong development in the physical competence, like the prolonged running time, faster speed, and other competitive aspects that will allow an individual to improve their ability in cope with dangers and get survival in some extreme situations. The most important changes in the physical status for different types of mountain runners, including sky runners, is the heart rates. Runners intend to develop stronger physical system with the heart rate stable enough to cope with the extreme situations. that could extend runnersâ adaptation to the competition intensity of the races. Heart can be strengthened with improvement in cardiac biomarkers, electro- and echocardiography. Another discovery is that skyrunning will challenge people's physical status for long duration and distance and professional skyrunners usually develop low body mass index and low body fat. Although there are gender differences in the improvement in physical status with women is less strong than male in those indexes, the gender differences are narrowing for those men and women who have participated in those long-distance or long-duration activity.
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point. The places selected should consider the heights and also weather matters since it will affect the duration, the time, and risks for skyrunning. Besides, develop the skills of map checking is essential, as those training courses cannot support for this kill. Usually, runners should try for local navigation camp and orienteering club that would allow them to learn from experts. To prepare for skyrunning, one should at least involve a pair of outsole which can resist wet soils and hard rocks and have the right size to make the food comfort during the long journey. Furthermore, a backpack might be useful to prepare some simple food, water, and other relevant stuff like windproof jacket with taped seams and trousers, a rescue blanket, a phone, a hat, as well as gloves.
295:(2019), those sky runners usually report high prevalence of overuse injuries. The questionnaire survey indicates 19% of the overuse injuries among the participants, and 8% of substantial overuse injuries. Sometimes without proper protection, runners might face with broken limbs, abrasions, and some contusions. Actually, ISF has listed seven fatalities during the events of skyrunning, which include one head injury, one hypothermia, and five heart failures. Accordingly, it is essential for those runners to conduct some pre-test to ensure that their body could adapt to the extreme sports. Besides, those who have tried the long-duration running usually face with digest problems and they might also suffer more respiratory infections.
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major factor which differentiates skyrunning from other kinds of running is the altitude. The mountain terrain, elevation and distance are the other defining features of skyrunning. Skyrunning is also held indoors using stairs with an incline of over 45% and the
International Skyrunning Federation is working on an IOC recognition to the indoor skyscraper racing. Vertical races serve as a special type of skyrunning that include indoor activities. It requires on the over 45% inclines. It provide good environment for specialists to measure the impacts of skyrunning and conduct easy observation.
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criterion. The
International Skyrunning Federation has recently introduced National Series and Continental Championships. In 2016, the Youth Skyrunning World Championships were introduced.In 2018, 18 countries participated in the Youth Skyrunning World Championship and eleven countries won medals. The 2019 Youth Skyrunning World Championships will be held on 2 and 4 August 2019 in Italy.
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American Trail
Running Association. The two local residents have started the local championship since 2011, attracting over 300 participants each year from Europe and North America. Thus, working with them is a good way for IFS to build its international reputation and develop impact in the United States.
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Skyrunning is a subset of mountain running. Skyrunning is defined as running in mountains which are above 2,000 meters in altitude with an incline over 30% and the difficulty of climbing is not more than II° grade. Skyrunning is a relatively new sport. Despite its newness, this sport has been gaining
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In the early years of the sports, the sport was simple which included running up and down the mountain as fast as possible but, since it gained attention, the sport has become more extreme with events like the Tromso
Skyrace which was held for the first time in 2014 as a result of which it is being
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Studies reveal that such enduring and extreme running on mountains also bring the health benefits such as low energy costs for those runners. Although there are individual differences, those frequent mountain running could develop much slower energy cost system that could be 14% lower than average
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The
Federation of Sports at Altitude was founded by Marino Giancometti who with other fellow climbers conducted high-altitude races across the world's most famous mountain ranges the Himalayas, Rockies, Mount Kenya, and the Mexican Volcanoes.Marino Giancometti conducted skyrunning races as part of
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Skyrunning is quite popular in the global domain. Races for skyrunning have been accept by 36 countries worldwide, and the number of skyrunners reaches 600,000 in the global domain. In particular, there are 75,000 entrants in the 2015. Currently, this sports activity is still male dominant in the
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The seven disciplines of skyrunning are sky, ultra, vertical, skyspeed, skyscraper racing/vertical running, skybike, and skyraid; each of these disciplines vary in distance and altitude. Skyrunning is also of a shorter duration compared to ultrarunning, sometimes shorter than a half marathon. The
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Despite the healthy benefits, sky running actually face with potential health risks due to its nature of extreme sports. It usually incurs some problems like overuse injuries, which is due to the repetitive activities that lead to the macro-trauma. According to
Balendran, SĂžrlie, and Engebretsen
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Apart from these championships, the
Federation also conducts the European Championships and the World Series. The federation has taken the sports to new territories and introduced new challenges in the last few years. The federation has recently announced the Skyrunning Continental Championships
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competitions (only the 2nd edition was held after 4 years), organised for the first time in 2010 by ISF. The
Federation conducts Skyrunner World Series every year. The 2018 World Series was held in Kinlochleven, Scotland from 13â15 September 2018. The races were judged on vertical, ultra and sky
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The federation has coordinated with Milan
University to conduct scientific studies from 2007 to 2010 on Vertical Sprint races in Milan. The findings of the studies have indicated that skyrunning is ideal for weight loss as 80% of the energy consumed diverts the mass upwards and it has ruled out
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Skyrunning could be undertaken by anyone who can run and show interests. Although it requires the skills and nerves, one could start with some places that could allow for trainings. For those who expect to have mountain adventures, the choice for starting an intensive course might be a starting
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IFS initiates 2019 Skyrunning North
American Championship with its SKY discipline, which is a strong milestone for this institution. It will work with two local residents, Matt Carpenter and Nancy Hobbs. The former is the skyrunning legend in the United States, while the latter is the direct of
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Skyrunning also calls for some techniques. Although those experienced runners usually have faster speed and stronger duration, they are quite wise in controlling the speed and be careful in developing the strategy for their speeds. For instance, experience runners intend to be slower in uphill
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global domain, with 80% of the skyrunners being males. However, the ages are quite diverse, ranging from 18 to 83 years old. However, most of the runners are between the age of 25 and 44. The top three countries with the highest number of skyrunners are Europe, the United States, and Japan.
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environments, like in paths, trail, rocks, or snows. Furthermore, the courses should involve at least 12% of the uphill regions and 6% inclines, but the total altitude should not over 2.000 m. Furthermore, IFS regulates that the total distance should involve no more than 15% of the asphalt.
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It has the tag line of âLess cloud. More skyâ to inspire its members. It regulates the skyrunning disciplines, which include seven segment that are: SKY, ULTRA and VERTICAL, SKY SPEED, VERTICAL RUNNING, SKYBIKE and SKYRAID. It allows for the training courses that could occur in different
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trails, but faster in downhill trails. They usually develop specific gestures to make the move more flexible and cost less energy. The upper bodies are usually relaxed to maintain balance, and repeated practices are required for one to develop strong skills for skyrunning.
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The federation is also attributed to be the founding organization of the Vertical World Circuit which was formed in 2009. The Vertical World Circuit also is known as Vertical Kilometre World Circuit organizes the vertical kilometre which is a subset of the skyrunning discipline
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Running on a multitude of varying terrains has been popular among athletes in the past, but until the creation of The Federation of Sports at Altitude, this style of running, skyrunning, had not been a uniquely identified form of running.
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the training for high altitude expeditions in 1992. Marino Giancometti formed the Federation of Sports at Altitude (FSA) in 1995. The Federation of Sports at Altitude (FSA) was replaced by the International Sky Running Federation in 2008.
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Today, this organization holds more than 200 races across the world, with about 50,000 athletes from 65 countries. Marino Giacometti serves as the President of the International Skyrunning Federation Board and the Managing Committee.
134:. The ISF today counts 41 Member nations. The Federation of Sports at Altitude (FSA) used to be the organization which governed and managed the sports of skyrunning. It has been replaced by the International Skyrunning Federation.
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In 2004, the Migu Run Skyrunner was introduced. The 2019 Migu Run Skyrunner World Series will be held across countries like Japan, China, Spain, France, Greece, Italy, Norway, Bulgaria and Andorra from April to October 2019.
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To frame and ensure that the rules are followed in the international competitions and the participation in such competitions is in accordance to the regulations.
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Park, Denise; Carmont, Michael R. (2013), Mei-Dan, Omer; Carmont, Michael R (eds.), "Mountain, Sky, and Endurance Running",
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Each year, the Federation puts up these events on the calendar of its website attracting people from all over the world.
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called as The Skyrunning Oceans Championships which was held at The Buffalo Stampede, Australia in April 2019.
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Villa, JosĂ© G.; Arribas-Cubero, Higinio F.; GonzĂĄlez-LĂĄzaro, Javier; RodrĂguez-Marroyo, Jose A. (2018-03-31).
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To be responsible for determining which international competitions can be officially approved and recognized.
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The first Skyrunning World Championships since the inauguration of the ISF in 2008 will be held in Italy.
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Adventure and Extreme Sports Injuries: Epidemiology, Treatment, Rehabilitation and Prevention
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To ensure that the rules of the local skyrunning races are in congruence with the ISFs rules.
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To be responsible for promotion and control of good sporting practices.
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727:"A prospective study of overuse injuries among mountain runners"
542:"Six Things That Elite Ultrarunners Are Doing That You Are Not"
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512:"Go above the clouds with our beginner's guide to skyrunning"
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The Federation is responsible for the following objectives:
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To develop the sports to attain Olympic recognition status.
605:"Physiology and Pathophysiology in Ultra-Marathon Running"
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Global Association of International Sports Federations
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Knechtle, Beat; Nikolaidis, Pantelis T. (2018-06-01).
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International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
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485:"Skyrunning announces North American Championship"
696:"Physiological demands of mountain running races"
1805:International organisations based in Switzerland
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197:To ensure that skyrunning values are maintained.
834:(baseball, softball and Baseball5) (associate)
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568:. skyrunning.com. Archived from
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447:McMillan, Kelley (2015-08-02).
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672:10.1007/978-1-4471-4363-5_13
483:Bolt, Richard (2019-05-25).
367:"Skyrunning â looking ahead"
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800:Summer Olympics Federations
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540:Uhan, Joe (2015-06-09).
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706:(Supplement 1): 60â66.
609:Frontiers in Physiology
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453:The New York Times
393:"ABOUT SKYRUNNING"
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1257:(racquetball)
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1209:(life saving)
1208:
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1199:
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1190:
1187:
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1173:(flying disc)
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930:(rugby union)
929:
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37:
33:
29:
25:
20:
1773:
1768:
1704:(skyrunning)
1701:
1674:(pickleball)
1560:(backgammon)
1513:(pole dance)
1321:
1287:(tug-of-war)
1191:(kickboxing)
1083:(air sports)
1069:
1038:(ice hockey)
1009:
984:(volleyball)
888:(gymnastics)
864:(equestrian)
840:(basketball)
799:
733:
720:
703:
699:
689:
663:
657:
612:
608:
581:
574:. Retrieved
570:the original
560:
549:. Retrieved
545:
519:. Retrieved
515:
492:. Retrieved
488:
464:. Retrieved
452:
428:. Retrieved
424:
400:. Retrieved
396:
386:
375:. Retrieved
373:. 2019-02-19
370:
344:. Retrieved
334:
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174:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
127:
123:
121:
101:Affiliations
57:Headquarters
31:Abbreviation
1692:(rogaining)
1680:(quidditch)
1614:(dodgeball)
1602:(broomball)
1483:(jump rope)
1471:(dodgeball)
1324:SportAccord
1167:(floorball)
996:(wrestling)
978:(triathlon)
966:(taekwondo)
828:(badminton)
822:(athletics)
546:iRunFar.com
419:ISF-admin.
65:Switzerland
1795:Skyrunning
1789:Categories
1495:(obstacle)
1477:(footgolf)
1401:(minigolf)
1389:(ju-jitsu)
1377:(fistball)
1371:(draughts)
1322:Others in
1227:(muaythai)
1203:(lacrosse)
1197:(korfball)
1020:(biathlon)
942:(shooting)
894:(handball)
876:(football)
846:(canoeing)
551:2019-05-31
521:2019-05-31
494:2019-05-31
466:2019-05-31
430:2019-05-31
402:2019-05-31
377:2019-05-31
326:References
264:skyrunning
260:skyrunning
208:Skyrunning
141:Skyrunning
132:skyrunning
1638:(kabaddi)
1608:(croquet)
1519:(rafting)
1449:(teqball)
1431:(sleddog)
1353:(casting)
1319:AIMS (20)
1233:(netball)
1155:(cricket)
1131:(bowling)
1032:(curling)
954:(surfing)
936:(sailing)
870:(fencing)
852:(cycling)
816:(archery)
712:1331-1441
631:1664-042X
576:1 October
461:0362-4331
346:1 October
82:President
76:Worldwide
39:Formation
1590:(boxing)
1584:(boxing)
1419:(savate)
1335:(aikido)
1275:(squash)
1185:(karate)
1137:(bridge)
1125:(boules)
972:(tennis)
924:(rowing)
649:29910741
299:See also
1644:(kempo)
1578:(bowls)
1548:(arnis)
1507:(poker)
1501:(padel)
1457:former
1395:(kendo)
1359:(darts)
1311:(wushu)
1263:(sambo)
1149:(chess)
1143:(cheer)
1101:(bandy)
640:5992463
615:: 634.
421:"RULES"
391:Lauri.
146:History
111:Website
61:Zermatt
1539:Others
1281:(sumo)
1245:(polo)
1044:(luge)
906:(judo)
882:(golf)
797:(30+2)
710:
678:
647:
637:
629:
459:
1684:IFMAR
1654:IMMAF
1648:FISLY
1618:ICFRA
1594:SJJIF
1564:ISBHF
1546:WEKAF
1459:GAISF
1447:FITEQ
1423:ISTAF
1417:FISav
1065:ARISF
1005:AIOWF
795:ASOIF
730:(PDF)
1732:ITRA
1720:ITPF
1714:ITHF
1708:WSSA
1696:WSSF
1666:ORSI
1660:WMRA
1630:ATSX
1624:IGAA
1612:WDBF
1600:IFBA
1558:WBGF
1552:AFLC
1529:ITSF
1511:IPSF
1505:IFMP
1493:FISO
1487:IUKL
1481:IJRU
1475:FIFG
1441:CIPS
1435:ISTF
1429:ISFF
1411:IPSC
1387:JJIF
1383:(go)
1369:FMJD
1363:IDBF
1351:ICSF
1345:IFBB
1309:IWUF
1303:IWWF
1297:FISU
1291:CMAS
1285:TWIF
1267:ISMF
1261:FIAS
1225:IFMA
1219:UIAA
1207:ILSF
1189:WAKO
1171:WFDF
1159:WDSF
1147:FIDE
1123:CMSB
1117:WCBS
1111:FIPV
1105:WBSC
1087:IFAF
1067:(39)
1036:IIHF
1024:IBSF
982:FIVB
958:ITTF
946:IFSC
940:ISSF
922:FISA
910:UIPM
874:FIFA
856:WDSF
838:FIBA
832:WBSC
820:WAth
808:WAqu
708:ISSN
676:ISBN
645:PMID
627:ISSN
578:2017
489:ATRA
457:ISSN
348:2017
122:The
47:Type
42:2008
1738:IAU
1726:FIT
1702:ISF
1690:IRF
1678:IQA
1672:IPF
1642:IKF
1636:IKF
1606:WCF
1582:IBA
1570:IBA
1523:IRL
1517:IRF
1499:IPF
1469:WDA
1405:IPF
1399:WMF
1393:FIK
1381:IGF
1375:IFA
1357:WDF
1339:WAF
1333:IAF
1279:IFS
1273:WSF
1255:IRF
1249:UIM
1243:FIP
1237:IOF
1213:FIM
1201:FIL
1195:IKF
1183:WKF
1177:IFI
1165:IFF
1153:ICC
1141:ICU
1135:WBF
1129:IBF
1099:FIB
1093:FIA
1081:FAI
1072:IOC
1054:FIS
1048:ISU
1042:FIL
1018:IBU
1007:(7)
994:UWW
988:IWF
970:ITF
952:ISA
916:WSK
904:IJF
898:FIH
892:IHF
886:FIG
880:IGF
868:FIE
862:FEI
850:UCI
844:ICF
826:BWF
668:doi
635:PMC
617:doi
128:ISF
34:ISF
1791::
1588:WB
1576:WB
1231:WN
1030:WC
976:WT
964:WT
934:WS
928:WR
814:WA
732:.
704:50
702:.
698:.
674:,
643:.
633:.
625:.
611:.
607:.
589:^
580:.
544:.
530:^
514:.
503:^
487:.
475:^
455:.
451:.
439:^
423:.
411:^
395:.
369:.
356:^
63:,
779:e
772:t
765:v
736:.
714:.
670::
651:.
619::
613:9
554:.
524:.
497:.
469:.
433:.
405:.
380:.
350:.
126:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
