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line with one end of the continuum being a normal form of idealization and the other end a pathological form. In the latter, the individual has a problem with object constancy and sees others as all good or all bad, thus bolstering idealization and devaluation. At this stage idealization is associated with borderline pathology. At the other end of the continuum, idealization is said to be a necessary precursor for feelings of mature love.
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has provided an extensive discussion of idealization, both in its defensive and adaptive aspects. He conceptualised idealization as involving a denial of unwanted characteristics of an object, then enhancing the object by projecting one's own libido or omnipotence on it. He proposed a developmental
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In child development, idealization and devaluation are quite normal. During the childhood development stage, individuals become capable of perceiving others as complex structures, containing both good and bad components. If the development stage is interrupted (by early
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posits that an individual unable to integrate difficult feelings mobilizes specific defenses to overcome these feelings, which the individual perceives to be unbearable. The defense that effects (brings about) this process is called
148:. Kohut stated that, with narcissistic patients, idealization of the self and the therapist should be allowed during therapy and then very gradually will diminish as a result of unavoidable optimal frustration.
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in which they assume they are the centre of their universe. To obtain the parents' love the child comes to do what they think the parents value. Internalising these values the child forms an
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onto the object; from the viewpoint of self-object relations, the object representations (like that of the caregivers) were made more beautiful than they really were.
100:. This ego ideal contains rules for good behaviour and standards of excellence toward which the ego has to strive. When the child cannot bear ambivalence between the
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53:. Splitting is the tendency to view events or people as either all bad or all good. When viewing people as all good, the individual is said to be using the
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136:. To Kohut, idealization in childhood is a healthy mechanism. If the parents fail to provide appropriate opportunities for idealization (
140:) and mirroring (how to cope with reality), the child does not develop beyond a developmental stage in which they see themselves as
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116:. From the viewpoint of libidinal drives, idealization of other people is a "flowing-over" of narcissistic
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and the ego ideal and defenses are used too often, it is called pathologic. Freud called this situation
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positive qualities to the self or others. When viewing people as all bad, the individual employs
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Spruiell, V. (1979). Freud's
Concepts of Idealization. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 27:777-791
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30:"Idealization" redirects here. For the term used in the philosophy of science, see
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presented the so-called "self-object transferences" of idealization and
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68:: attributing exaggeratedly negative qualities to the self or others.
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76:, for example), these defense mechanisms may persist into adulthood.
92:. Freud's vision was that all human infants pass through a phase of
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but in which they also remain dependent on others to provide their
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Borderline
Personality Disorder: Splitting Countertransference.
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The term idealization first appeared in connection with
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An extension of Freud's theory of narcissism came when
60:: a mental mechanism in which the person attributes
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297:Kohut and Jung A Comparison of Theory and Therapy
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411:Misdiagnosis of borderline personality disorder
345:Journal of Personality Assessment, 65 (1) 77-90
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396:Dimensional models of personality disorders
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328:Mitchell, S.A., & Black, M.J. (1995).
343:A Note on the Assessment of Idealization.
341:Lerner, P.M., Van-Der Keshet, Y. (1995).
272:Carver, C.S. & Scheier, M.F. (2000).
319:Contemporary Psychoanalysis 23, 239-243.
648:Psychotic denial or disavowal (German:
250:The Psychiatric Times, vol. 15 issue 11
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34:. For the term used in sociology, see
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662:Foreclosure or repudiation (German:
505:Dynamic deconstructive psychotherapy
32:Idealization (philosophy of science)
276:Needham Heights: Allyn & Bacon.
261:The Ego Ideal of the Psychoanalyst.
24:
1092:Narcissistic Personality Inventory
530:Transference focused psychotherapy
25:
1184:
1028:Narcissistic personality disorder
676:Identification with the Aggressor
263:Int. J. Psycho-Anal., 59:377-385.
216:Narcissistic personality disorder
171:Adult-to-adult narcissistic abuse
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406:Trauma model of mental disorders
317:Idealization and Interpretation.
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1158:Borderline personality disorder
382:Borderline personality disorder
196:Histrionic personality disorder
176:Borderline personality disorder
27:Psychological defense mechanism
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639:Denial or abnegation (German:
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515:Mentalization-based treatment
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924:Similar personality concepts
500:Dialectical behavior therapy
452:Idealization and devaluation
274:Perspectives on Personality.
38:. For the algebra term, see
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1101:Related psychology concepts
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1050:Manipulation (psychology)
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729:Projective identification
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546:BPDFamily (support group)
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401:Impulse-control disorders
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206:Minimisation (psychology)
40:principle of idealization
36:Idealization (sociology)
1021:Pathological narcissism
437:Emotional dysregulation
114:object relations theory
875:Postponement of affect
420:Symptoms and behaviors
332:New York: Basic Books.
315:Newirth, J.W. (1987).
244:M. Kraft Goin (1998).
987:Collective narcissism
966:Narcissus (mythology)
634:Delusional projection
626:Level 1: Pathological
442:Feelings of emptiness
259:Joseph, E.D. (1978).
201:Madonna–whore complex
46:Psychoanalytic theory
1045:Malignant narcissism
860:Compartmentalization
792:Repression (German:
571:Sibling estrangement
294:Corbett, L. (1989).
211:Narcissistic elation
181:Cognitive dissonance
106:secondary narcissism
971:Superiority complex
865:Defensive pessimism
767:Intellectualization
576:Personal boundaries
566:Family estrangement
561:Emotional blackmail
191:Discrediting tactic
1163:Defence mechanisms
946:Healthy narcissism
782:Reaction formation
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671:Extreme projection
618:Defence mechanisms
303:2017-01-24 at the
138:healthy narcissism
94:primary narcissism
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691:Level 2: Immature
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539:Family challenges
525:Social psychiatry
482:Suicidal ideation
330:Freud and beyond.
226:Traumatic bonding
221:Superficial charm
88:'s definition of
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16:(Redirected from
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1108:Compensation
870:Minimisation
824:Anticipation
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757:Dissociation
752:Displacement
734:Somatization
714:Introjection
709:Idealization
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556:Complex PTSD
551:Codependency
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427:Dissociation
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18:Idealisation
1168:Dichotomies
1123:Grandiosity
1118:Entitlement
992:Don Juanism
941:God complex
844:Suppression
839:Sublimation
794:Verdrängung
650:Verleugnung
462:Mood swings
457:Impulsivity
146:self-esteem
130:Heinz Kohut
124:Heinz Kohut
66:devaluation
1173:Narcissism
1152:Categories
1085:withdrawal
1040:Dark triad
1002:Leadership
980:In society
917:Narcissism
787:Regression
724:Projection
699:Acting out
664:Verwerfung
657:Distortion
641:Verneinung
492:Management
467:Projection
233:References
90:narcissism
772:Isolation
681:Splitting
477:Splitting
472:Self-harm
142:grandiose
134:mirroring
102:real self
98:ego ideal
51:splitting
1139:Category
1065:neurosis
931:Egomania
819:Altruism
301:Archived
164:See also
1113:Empathy
1070:elation
1033:history
1012:Parents
936:Egotism
801:Undoing
704:Fantasy
389:General
1080:supply
1060:injury
951:Hubris
829:Humour
118:libido
853:Other
86:Freud
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