40:
1859:
47:
340:
with pistols. When the man indicated his preference for a knife fight, Toin stepped backward, fired his pistol and lacerated the man's arm. In response, the man stabbed Toin in the arm. A false report that
Morwick had shot the man to death prompted a relative to fatally shoot Morwick in the head. On
323:
In 1830, poor trading returns were recorded. To attract the Babine trade going elsewhere, the fort was relocated northward in 1836 from a village of about 150 people to a more centralized site and renamed Fort Babine. Under the charge of mixed-race
William McBean, the old fort had been in a state of
657:
Unemployment is high, but a 2015 community survey found social development (29%) as the perceived key need. This encompassed a desire for more people living in the community and improved educational opportunities and support services. Governance (21%) was also identified, indicating a strong desire
421:
A 1906 observation noted the importance to this indigenous village of salmon catches, which were both the chief staple and barter commodity. A pile bridge spanned the river to the village on the northeast side, which comprised 30 log houses and a Roman
Catholic (RC) church. Sited southeast of the
622:
The Fort Babine Indian
Reserve #6 is a small community inhabited year round. The traditional name is "Wit'at," which is an abbreviated form of "Wit'ane Keh," meaning "place of making dry fish" in the Nadut'en language. Many LBN members visit over the summer months to obtain their annual salmon
1273:
1291:
305:, essential for hunting expeditions that procured furs to trade. First Nations would often refuse to trade if no leather was available at an HBC post. The demand was so great that it might be the sole item described among a general shipment of supplies.
1309:
397:
By 1889 the HBC contracted Vieth and
Borland to operate the packtrains on the Hazelton–Babine portage. In 1897, the HBC were the only party interested in buying the endeavour for $ 4,760. In 1902, the HBC sold the operation to
348:
Fearful of being drawn into inter-tribal unrest, Cameron resigned in 1845. His replacement D. McLean equally understood the vulnerability of his small 3-man crew. Peace came the next year, when
Catholic missionary Father
1255:
331:
In 1842, William
Morwick, who replaced McBean, was assigned the lower title of postmaster. Through his interpreter Charles Toin, Morwick had a heated argument six weeks later with a Babine man, who wanted to trade
666:
The Old Fort Indian
Reserve #13 is inhabited mostly during summer and fall. The traditional name is Nedo'ats. Families return to fish and hunt at this important site, which is accessible only by boat.
345:
under McBean hunted the perpetrator, who was shot dead on peacefully surrendering. After reparations were made, Duncan E. Cameron took charge of the fort, and McBean departed for his next posting.
462:
669:
The survey found infrastructure (31%) as the paramount need. The erection of cabins, a community centre, and shower/bathhouses, would facilitate visitors and enable permanent residence.
651:
began archaeological excavations in 2010. The hundreds of artifacts uncovered, which date to over a thousand years ago, indicate the longevity and continued presence of the community.
430:, and Fort Grahame. The post comprised a store, warehouse, residence, and several log cabins to accommodate travellers in summer and miners in winter. A trail northeast led to
286:
area, because motivation and manpower were lacking. The next year, under Brown were 1 clerk and a 5-man crew. During 1824–1826, Brown was able to explore to the coast.
486:
1237:
289:
Leather was a scarce trading commodity, because moose had not yet entered the region. The HBC obtained moose hides from trading districts east of the
394:. In 1876, delays resulted in a late arrival and diminished trade at the fort. From 1879, Fort St. James freight also largely came via the Skeena.
418:
Since gambling distracted the indigenous people from engaging in hunting, the HBC endeavoured to discourage this practice from the 1820s to 1890.
437:
The RC church administered a day school 1913–1959. New church buildings were erected at Fort Babine and Old Fort in 1915 and 1925 respectively.
450:
142:
74:
1569:
39:
633:
Constructed in the 1970s, the narrow
Nilkitkwa forestry service road provides the only vehicle access. That decade, the HBC store closed.
489:
did not consult band members when administratively merging the Old Fort Band and Fort Babine Band, which formed what is now known as the
1359:
360:
402:
for $ 3,960, which comprised 46 mules and 4 horses. By 1905, he had recovered his investment. This packtrain trail ascended via the
147:
1521:
Ts'ee'in Lhekh 'It Ts'idit' Ah: Working
Together in a Good Way Collaborative Indigenous Community Planning with Lake Babine Nation
648:
1973:
308:
In 1926, Joseph McGillivray replaced Brown, supervising 1 clerk and a 6-man crew. Supplies came northwestward by canoe from
1647:
1216:
1195:
114:
1677:
654:
In 2014, the province gave the LBN the existing Fort Babine Lodge, $ 100,000, and additional land to develop tourism.
1562:
1120:
379:
1692:
1536:
Encountering silence(s) : mitigating the negative social impacts of construction camps with Lake Babine Nation
1048:
383:
313:
1902:
366:
In 1891, administrative oversight of the fort transferred from the New Caledonia to the Port Simpson district.
294:
1943:
1897:
1882:
1555:
1090:
1149:
336:
meat for animal skins. When the negotiation over price resumed the next day, Toin challenged the man to a
1803:
1753:
282:(his superior) undertook the proposed exploration that year of the Babine River out to the coast or the
1793:
251:
126:
1763:
1748:
1743:
1983:
1733:
1475:
1783:
1707:
1592:
263:
239:
1617:
1476:"The history of the Northern interior of British Columbia, formerly New Caledonia, 1660 to 1880"
1948:
1867:
1858:
1768:
1519:
279:
1534:
1758:
1738:
1697:
694:
197:
1778:
207:
1506:
Soo Ts'yawh 'Ilho Zah Ts'inli "We Are All One" TPazt'en Nation's Ancestral History of Yeko
1377:
8:
1602:
1579:
1938:
1922:
1829:
1728:
1504:
490:
1662:
1839:
1788:
1425:
1395:
1116:
689:
386:
and Fort Babine. Over the following years, freight for the fort began coming via the
375:
283:
1834:
1798:
317:
290:
235:
119:
60:
1488:
1978:
1819:
1773:
1657:
342:
231:
135:
636:
In 1999, the new elementary school opened. Transmission lines were installed by
1912:
1824:
1687:
1667:
309:
227:
131:
356:
In charge of the fort were Thomas Charles by 1850 and Gavin Hamilton by 1864.
1967:
1702:
1652:
403:
89:
76:
1917:
1723:
1632:
1627:
1622:
407:
387:
325:
243:
1547:
250:. By road, the location is about 105 kilometres (65 mi) northeast of
1907:
1892:
1682:
1672:
427:
423:
350:
247:
316:, while salmon returned southeastward. From the 1820s to the 1900s, the
624:
431:
1637:
188:
1642:
858:
846:
637:
399:
302:
1844:
1489:"Fort St. James 1806–1914: A Century of Fur Trade on Stuart Lake"
1453:
1451:
1327:
1325:
1323:
391:
333:
297:
desired high quality leather for funeral ceremonies, whereas the
726:
298:
262:
In 1822, on the north bank, where the lake forms two arms, the
1448:
1320:
1164:
641:
382:
improved an old First Nations trail in 1871, which connected
214:
193:
16:
Small native reserve community, Babine Lake, British Columbia
359:
By 1867, external and internal competition (such as the new
1342:
1340:
1071:
1026:
1014:
1002:
990:
978:
966:
954:
942:
930:
918:
906:
894:
882:
870:
834:
822:
810:
644:
in 2006. That year, a water treatment plant was completed.
337:
786:
774:
750:
1436:
1406:
1337:
714:
702:
1176:
390:
to The Forks, followed by a 64-kilometre (40 mi)
353:
stayed 12 days and returned for a few months in 1847.
1518:
Taylor, Meika Stephanie; Wiebe, Justin Peter (2015).
1129:
301:used leather mainly for making clothing and sturdy
1059:
798:
278:). Neither William Brown (who was in charge), nor
762:
738:
1965:
422:reserve, an HBC post supplied Fort St. James on
226:is an unincorporated community that borders the
406:and Suskwa rivers, transited the pass over the
1563:
1577:
1517:
1457:
1331:
1170:
363:) (Roucher de Bouille) diminished returns.
1570:
1556:
658:to be separate from Woyenne resolutions.
1043:
1041:
684:
682:
369:
341:news reaching Fort St. James, an 11-man
1147:
242:settlement is on the east shore of the
1966:
1486:
1473:
1135:
1077:
1055:(Report). pp. 123–124 (H110–111).
1032:
1020:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
960:
948:
936:
924:
912:
900:
888:
876:
864:
852:
840:
828:
816:
792:
780:
756:
732:
720:
708:
519:
413:
1551:
1532:
1442:
1412:
1346:
1182:
1150:"BC History: Fort St. James Cemetery"
1110:
1049:Minister of Mines annual report, 1906
1038:
679:
1502:
1091:"List of Federal Indian Day Schools"
1065:
804:
768:
744:
630:The post office operated 1950–1983.
480:
328:, who proclaimed a hybrid religion.
473:Former HBC forts in the area. 2011.
46:
13:
514:
476:Babine reserves in the area. 2015.
384:Hazelton (then known as the Forks)
14:
1995:
623:supply, which is cured in family
162:1.8 km (0.7 sq mi)
21:Place in British Columbia, Canada
1857:
1533:Quinn, Hannah Elizabeth (2017).
410:, and descended to Babine Lake.
45:
38:
1474:Morice, Adrien Gabriel (1904).
1418:
1388:
1370:
1352:
1302:
1284:
1266:
1248:
1230:
1209:
1188:
1141:
1104:
1083:
1378:"Babine: Education Department"
1115:. Heritage House. p. 86.
496:
1:
1503:Gall, Christopher D. (2011).
1467:
867:, pp. 260–261 (216–217).
855:, pp. 252–257 (208–213).
324:disrepair. McBean was also a
1113:The Skeena, River of Destiny
672:
487:Department of Indian Affairs
7:
735:, pp. 89, 94 (78, 83).
661:
320:played a significant role.
59:Location of Fort Babine in
10:
2000:
1974:Hudson's Bay Company forts
1794:Pierre-Chrysologue Pambrun
1931:
1875:
1866:
1855:
1812:
1749:Alexander Roderick McLeod
1716:
1610:
1601:
1588:
690:"Fort Babine (community)"
613:
532:—
204:
187:
179:
171:
166:
158:
153:
141:
125:
113:
105:
70:
33:
26:
1595:in the Pacific Northwest
446:New Caledonia map. 1904.
257:
1784:William Alexander Mouat
1708:Willamette Trading Post
1458:Taylor & Wiebe 2015
1332:Taylor & Wiebe 2015
1171:Taylor & Wiebe 2015
1148:Elliott, Marie (2011).
440:
246:at the northern tip of
1868:New Caledonia District
1496:parkscanadahistory.com
1487:Morton, Jamie (1988).
1360:"Postmasters (Babine)"
183:42/km (110/sq mi)
90:55.31778°N 126.62472°W
1759:William Henry McNeill
1739:William Fraser Tolmie
1633:Fort George (Astoria)
695:BC Geographical Names
451:"Standard Oil BC map"
370:Portage from Hazelton
318:Babine Lake fisheries
206: • Summer (
1779:John McLoughlin, Jr.
1226:. p. 161 (147).
1205:. p. 116 (108).
1111:Large, R.G. (1996).
1098:indiandayschools.com
1080:, p. 268 (257).
1035:, p. 281 (270).
1023:, p. 280 (269).
1011:, p. 278 (267).
999:, p. 249 (238).
987:, p. 247 (236).
975:, p. 276 (265).
963:, p. 368 (316).
951:, p. 255 (244).
939:, p. 214 (203).
927:, p. 352 (300).
915:, p. 321 (271).
903:, p. 282 (234).
891:, p. 281 (233).
879:, p. 262 (218).
843:, p. 251 (207).
831:, p. 267 (221).
819:, p. 249 (205).
795:, p. 128 (117).
783:, p. 121 (110).
640:in the 1980s and by
268:Babine Establishment
264:Hudson's Bay Company
180: • Density
95:55.31778; -126.62472
1603:Columbia Department
1581:Columbia Department
1314:www12.statcan.gc.ca
1296:www12.statcan.gc.ca
1278:www12.statcan.gc.ca
1260:www12.statcan.gc.ca
1242:www12.statcan.gc.ca
759:, p. 104 (93).
507:
467:www.davidrumsey.com
455:www.davidrumsey.com
414:Earlier communities
361:HBC Ackwilgate post
295:Babine-Wet'suwet'en
234:regions of central
86: /
1939:Peter Warren Dease
1893:Fort Durham (Taku)
1830:Michel Laframboise
1729:Roderick Finlayson
1460:, p. 32 (31).
1445:, p. 40 (34).
1415:, p. 48 (42).
1400:www.lakebabine.com
1382:www.lakebabine.com
1349:, p. 39 (33).
1334:, p. 17 (16).
1224:publications.gc.ca
1203:publications.gc.ca
1173:, p. 16 (15).
723:, p. 85 (74).
711:, p. 77 (66).
502:Census population:
501:
491:Lake Babine Nation
266:(HBC) founded the
172: • Total
159: • Total
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1853:
1852:
1840:Ovide de Montigny
1789:Peter Skene Ogden
1482:. William Briggs.
1364:www.bac-lac.gc.ca
1185:, p. 12 (6).
620:
619:
481:Later communities
376:Omineca Gold Rush
221:
220:
143:Regional district
1991:
1944:William Connolly
1876:Company Stations
1873:
1872:
1861:
1799:Francois Payette
1611:Company Stations
1608:
1607:
1582:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1529:
1514:
1499:
1493:
1483:
1461:
1455:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1335:
1329:
1318:
1317:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1221:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1095:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1045:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1006:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
976:
970:
964:
958:
952:
946:
940:
934:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
838:
832:
826:
820:
814:
808:
802:
796:
790:
784:
778:
772:
766:
760:
754:
748:
742:
736:
730:
724:
718:
712:
706:
700:
699:
686:
616:* Revised figure
521:
516:
508:
500:
470:
458:
291:Canadian Rockies
270:(later known as
236:British Columbia
211:
120:British Columbia
101:
100:
98:
97:
96:
91:
87:
84:
83:
82:
79:
61:British Columbia
49:
48:
42:
24:
23:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1984:Omineca Country
1964:
1963:
1962:
1953:
1927:
1883:Fort Alexandria
1862:
1849:
1820:Pierre Belleque
1808:
1774:John McLoughlin
1712:
1663:Fort Nez Percés
1658:Fort McLoughlin
1597:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1528:(MA & MSc).
1491:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1456:
1449:
1441:
1437:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1338:
1330:
1321:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1165:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1109:
1105:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1047:
1046:
1039:
1031:
1027:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1003:
995:
991:
983:
979:
971:
967:
959:
955:
947:
943:
935:
931:
923:
919:
911:
907:
899:
895:
887:
883:
875:
871:
863:
859:
851:
847:
839:
835:
827:
823:
815:
811:
803:
799:
791:
787:
779:
775:
767:
763:
755:
751:
743:
739:
731:
727:
719:
715:
707:
703:
688:
687:
680:
675:
664:
615:
505:
503:
499:
483:
461:
449:
443:
416:
372:
260:
205:
148:Kitimat–Stikine
94:
92:
88:
85:
80:
77:
75:
73:
72:
66:
65:
64:
63:
57:
56:
55:
54:
50:
29:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1997:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1913:Fort St. James
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1835:Étienne Lucier
1832:
1827:
1825:Joseph Gervais
1822:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1804:Alexander Ross
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1754:James McMillan
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1688:Fort Vancouver
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:Fort Nisqually
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1593:HBC operations
1589:
1586:
1585:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1541:library.ubc.ca
1530:
1526:library.ubc.ca
1515:
1511:unbc.arcabc.ca
1500:
1484:
1480:library.ubc.ca
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1447:
1435:
1432:. 26 Mar 2014.
1430:news.gov.bc.ca
1417:
1405:
1387:
1369:
1351:
1336:
1319:
1301:
1283:
1265:
1247:
1229:
1208:
1187:
1175:
1163:
1154:library.ubc.ca
1140:
1138:, p. 415.
1128:
1121:
1103:
1082:
1070:
1058:
1053:library.ubc.ca
1037:
1025:
1013:
1001:
989:
977:
965:
953:
941:
929:
917:
905:
893:
881:
869:
857:
845:
833:
821:
809:
797:
785:
773:
761:
749:
737:
725:
713:
701:
677:
676:
674:
671:
663:
660:
618:
617:
611:
610:
607:
604:
600:
599:
596:
593:
589:
588:
585:
582:
578:
577:
574:
571:
567:
566:
563:
560:
556:
555:
552:
549:
545:
544:
541:
538:
534:
533:
530:
527:
523:
522:
517:
512:
498:
495:
482:
479:
478:
477:
474:
471:
463:"Shell BC map"
459:
447:
442:
439:
415:
412:
371:
368:
314:Babine Portage
310:Fort St. James
259:
256:
219:
218:
212:
202:
201:
191:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
151:
150:
145:
139:
138:
129:
123:
122:
117:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
68:
67:
58:
52:
51:
44:
43:
37:
36:
35:
34:
31:
30:
27:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1996:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1734:James Douglas
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1703:Spokane House
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:Fort Victoria
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:Fort Okanogan
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1643:Fort Kamloops
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
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1596:
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1573:
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1542:
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1537:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1501:
1497:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1444:
1439:
1431:
1427:
1426:"BC Gov News"
1421:
1414:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1396:"Fort Babine"
1391:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1315:
1311:
1310:"2021 Census"
1305:
1297:
1293:
1292:"2016 Census"
1287:
1279:
1275:
1274:"2011 Census"
1269:
1261:
1257:
1256:"2006 Census"
1251:
1243:
1239:
1238:"2001 Census"
1233:
1225:
1218:
1217:"1996 Census"
1212:
1204:
1197:
1196:"1991 Census"
1191:
1184:
1179:
1172:
1167:
1160:(3): 28 (26).
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1132:
1124:
1122:1-895811-19-8
1118:
1114:
1107:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1068:, p. 66.
1067:
1062:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1034:
1029:
1022:
1017:
1010:
1005:
998:
993:
986:
981:
974:
969:
962:
957:
950:
945:
938:
933:
926:
921:
914:
909:
902:
897:
890:
885:
878:
873:
866:
861:
854:
849:
842:
837:
830:
825:
818:
813:
807:, p. 65.
806:
801:
794:
789:
782:
777:
771:, p. 75.
770:
765:
758:
753:
747:, p. 74.
746:
741:
734:
729:
722:
717:
710:
705:
697:
696:
691:
685:
683:
678:
670:
667:
659:
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631:
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612:
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569:
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542:
539:
536:
535:
531:
528:
525:
524:
518:
513:
510:
509:
494:
492:
488:
485:In 1957, the
475:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
445:
444:
438:
435:
433:
429:
425:
419:
411:
409:
405:
401:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:William Moore
377:
367:
364:
362:
357:
354:
352:
346:
344:
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329:
327:
321:
319:
315:
311:
306:
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300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
272:Fort Kilmaurs
269:
265:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:First Nations
237:
233:
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216:
213:
209:
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195:
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118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
99:
71:Coordinates:
69:
62:
41:
32:
25:
19:
1918:Fort Stikine
1887:
1764:Thomas McKay
1744:Thomas McKay
1724:James Birnie
1698:Fort William
1678:Fort Simpson
1648:Fort Langley
1628:Cowlitz Farm
1623:Fort Colvile
1590:
1540:
1535:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1505:
1495:
1479:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1408:
1399:
1390:
1381:
1372:
1363:
1354:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1211:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1166:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1131:
1112:
1106:
1100:. p. 8.
1097:
1085:
1073:
1061:
1052:
1028:
1016:
1004:
992:
980:
968:
956:
944:
932:
920:
908:
896:
884:
872:
860:
848:
836:
824:
812:
800:
788:
776:
764:
752:
740:
728:
716:
704:
693:
668:
665:
656:
653:
646:
635:
632:
629:
621:
484:
466:
454:
436:
420:
417:
408:Babine Range
396:
388:Skeena River
373:
365:
358:
355:
347:
330:
326:lay preacher
322:
307:
288:
275:
271:
267:
261:
244:Babine River
223:
222:
18:
1949:John Stuart
1908:Fort McLeod
1903:Fort George
1898:Fort Fraser
1888:Fort Babine
1769:John McLeod
1683:Fort Umpqua
1673:Fort Rupert
1136:Morice 1904
1078:Morton 1988
1033:Morton 1988
1021:Morton 1988
1009:Morton 1988
997:Morton 1988
985:Morton 1988
973:Morton 1988
961:Morice 1904
949:Morton 1988
937:Morton 1988
925:Morice 1904
913:Morice 1904
901:Morice 1904
889:Morice 1904
877:Morice 1904
865:Morice 1904
853:Morice 1904
841:Morice 1904
829:Morice 1904
817:Morice 1904
793:Morton 1988
781:Morton 1988
757:Morton 1988
733:Morton 1988
721:Morton 1988
709:Morton 1988
625:smokehouses
504:Fort Babine
497:Fort Babine
428:McLeod Lake
424:Stuart Lake
374:During the
351:John Nobili
280:John Stuart
248:Babine Lake
224:Fort Babine
93: /
81:126°37′29″W
53:Fort Babine
28:Fort Babine
1968:Categories
1923:Fort Yukon
1618:Fort Boise
1468:References
1443:Quinn 2017
1413:Quinn 2017
1347:Quinn 2017
1183:Quinn 2017
506:(Babine 6)
432:Takla Lake
167:Population
78:55°19′04″N
1638:Fort Hall
1591:Historic
1066:Gall 2011
805:Gall 2011
769:Gall 2011
745:Gall 2011
673:Footnotes
303:moccasins
284:Chilcotin
189:Time zone
1932:Officers
1813:Laborers
1717:Officers
662:Old Fort
638:BC Hydro
614:Source:
400:Cataline
378:, Capt.
312:via the
276:Old Fort
252:Smithers
115:Province
1845:Naukane
493:(LBN).
469:. 1956.
457:. 1937.
404:Bulkley
392:portage
334:caribou
274:, then
238:. This
232:Omineca
136:Omineca
106:Country
1979:Babine
1119:
598:−12.9%
587:+19.2%
565:−39.8%
543:+57.5%
299:Dakelh
293:. The
228:Skeena
132:Skeena
127:Region
109:Canada
1543:(MA).
1513:(MA).
1492:(PDF)
1220:(PDF)
1199:(PDF)
1094:(PDF)
642:Telus
609:−7.4%
592:2016*
576:+1.3%
554:+1.6%
343:posse
258:Forts
217:(PDT)
215:UTC-7
194:UTC-8
1578:The
1117:ISBN
649:UNBC
647:The
603:2021
581:2011
570:2006
559:2001
548:1996
537:1991
526:1986
515:Pop.
511:Year
441:Maps
338:duel
230:and
154:Area
551:128
540:126
208:DST
198:PST
1970::
1539:.
1524:.
1509:.
1494:.
1478:.
1450:^
1428:.
1398:.
1380:.
1362:.
1339:^
1322:^
1312:.
1294:.
1276:.
1258:.
1240:.
1222:.
1201:.
1158:44
1156:.
1152:.
1096:.
1051:.
1040:^
692:.
681:^
627:.
606:75
595:81
584:93
573:78
562:77
529:80
520:±%
465:.
453:.
434:.
426:,
254:.
175:75
1571:e
1564:t
1557:v
1498:.
1402:.
1384:.
1366:.
1316:.
1298:.
1280:.
1262:.
1244:.
1125:.
698:.
210:)
200:)
196:(
134:/
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