534:
848:
56:
40:
558:
1088:
1098:
63:
546:
2421:
2392:
2328:
2370:
244:(his first two expeditions in 1928–1930 and 1933–1935 were privately funded). East Base was built using Army knockdown buildings and a crew of 23 led by Richard Black, after Admiral Byrd had to return to Washington on the
275:
developed Base E in the vicinity of East Base. The
British also occupied and modified the East Base during the construction of Base E. As of 2017, the base is frequented by tourists arriving on the continent.
2649:
224:(1947–1948). The base covers 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) from north to south and 500 metres (1,600 ft) from east to west. The base was accorded the status of one of the
2642:
1757:
487:
314:
2416:
2211:
2382:
1139:
2512:
2175:
3281:
2635:
1994:
905:
2323:
2404:
2387:
1722:
441:
2365:
285:
271:, who became the first women to spend a winter in Antarctica. The base and all its equipment have since not been utilized, even though the
87:
3051:
2603:
1255:
590:
3286:
2658:
2355:
1659:
715:
413:
295:
237:
225:
217:
185:
3179:
1379:
1132:
2761:
2399:
3291:
2715:
2428:
263:(second in command in the 1941 expedition) in 1947 ended with the participants' evacuation in 1948. The expedition crew included
251:. The war time pressures and pack-ice in the bay which prevented ship movement led to the evacuation of the base in 1941 by air.
2377:
1916:
1514:
1260:
55:
3209:
1125:
1106:
380:
39:
2131:
1545:
869:
221:
477:
3276:
3005:
1933:
1593:
910:
510:
2564:
647:
1732:
322:
3159:
2492:
1742:
1006:
920:
1171:
3271:
2848:
2279:
1904:
1506:
1283:
1148:
1001:
884:
662:
583:
30:
2126:
1288:
874:
2608:
1242:
3076:
2534:
2180:
1698:
1214:
864:
826:
637:
3169:
2482:
2165:
2023:
1965:
1779:
1445:
1265:
775:
705:
652:
625:
448:
348:
318:
2233:
1774:
1331:
1101:
889:
821:
710:
344:
3141:
2871:
2725:
2223:
1737:
1557:
1430:
1422:
971:
956:
915:
879:
576:
524:
452:
1710:
1435:
630:
2360:
2262:
2114:
3189:
3164:
2345:
1960:
1880:
1463:
1410:
1399:
1367:
1250:
991:
981:
765:
737:
693:
272:
2350:
2340:
2789:
2335:
1815:
1405:
1391:
1021:
925:
811:
607:
3151:
3086:
2477:
2011:
1928:
1868:
1453:
996:
816:
2143:
2627:
2487:
2462:
1982:
1977:
1016:
966:
961:
856:
698:
642:
620:
538:
290:
213:
402:
3224:
3025:
2937:
2559:
2522:
2245:
1791:
1747:
1343:
562:
2866:
8:
2980:
2970:
2771:
2743:
2497:
2187:
1496:
1091:
1068:
1026:
976:
951:
725:
683:
482:
122:
2942:
2932:
1011:
1752:
1204:
3242:
3131:
3091:
2720:
2554:
2160:
2085:
2080:
1892:
1844:
1654:
1491:
1355:
1326:
1073:
946:
615:
268:
205:
132:
3126:
2825:
2710:
2692:
2467:
2438:
2311:
2267:
2199:
2170:
1943:
1938:
1832:
1686:
1468:
1179:
1063:
550:
1117:
3174:
3136:
3116:
3096:
3061:
2990:
2817:
2807:
2702:
2591:
2574:
2569:
2517:
2075:
1519:
1293:
1047:
831:
806:
732:
688:
678:
245:
241:
3214:
3121:
3066:
3033:
3015:
2802:
2549:
2102:
1827:
1803:
1674:
1524:
1473:
1232:
1189:
1057:
1052:
1042:
941:
755:
409:
372:
2858:
1649:
3265:
3194:
3101:
3081:
2975:
2922:
2904:
2886:
2830:
2797:
2579:
2472:
2250:
2028:
1948:
1856:
1664:
1644:
1458:
1227:
1222:
1194:
986:
780:
376:
102:
89:
3184:
3111:
3106:
3000:
2960:
2917:
2894:
2735:
2539:
2457:
2006:
1727:
1605:
1199:
1184:
515:
264:
2409:
3204:
3056:
3043:
2995:
2927:
2876:
2840:
2148:
2090:
1762:
1669:
1483:
790:
770:
657:
216:
in 1939. The station was built as part of two US wintering expeditions –
3232:
3199:
3010:
2965:
2912:
2779:
2684:
2674:
2666:
2291:
1569:
1314:
847:
720:
599:
260:
209:
2985:
2753:
2507:
2502:
2452:
760:
16:
Antarctic research station in
Stonington Island, Antarctic Peninsula
3071:
2952:
2433:
1581:
785:
478:"Obituary: Edith 'Jackie' Ronne, First U.S. Woman on Antarctica"
2228:
2657:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2040:
1275:
568:
254:
442:"Stonington Island – The Antarctic Treaty Secretariat"
522:
1147:
906:Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
3263:
403:"CRM at East Base, Antarctica – Palmer Station"
240:was the first government-funded expedition of
2643:
1133:
584:
208:is the oldest American research station in
3282:Historic Sites and Monuments of Antarctica
2659:Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
2650:
2636:
1140:
1126:
591:
577:
296:Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
226:Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
218:United States Antarctic Service Expedition
186:United States Antarctic Service Expedition
345:"Recommendation ATCM XV-12 (Paris, 1989)"
2762:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
255:Second expedition and subsequent decline
3264:
2631:
2059:
1628:
1159:
1121:
572:
419:from the original on 26 December 2010
383:from the original on 13 February 2017
1097:
436:
434:
367:
365:
337:
286:List of Antarctic research stations
231:
222:Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition
13:
307:
14:
3303:
3287:1939 establishments in Antarctica
490:from the original on 3 March 2016
470:
431:
395:
362:
62:
44:The abandoned base, February 2007
1096:
1087:
1086:
846:
556:
544:
532:
61:
54:
38:
1149:Research stations in Antarctica
3292:Antarctica during World War II
1160:
598:
502:
212:, having been commissioned by
1:
301:
291:List of Antarctic field camps
449:Antarctic Treaty Secretariat
349:Antarctic Treaty Secretariat
319:Antarctic Treaty Secretariat
259:A private expedition led by
238:Antarctic Service Expedition
7:
279:
10:
3308:
3052:Bernardo O'Higgins Station
2060:
1629:
31:Antarctic research station
3277:Weather extremes of Earth
3241:
3223:
3160:Antarctic Treaty Monument
3150:
3042:
3024:
2951:
2903:
2885:
2857:
2839:
2816:
2788:
2770:
2752:
2734:
2701:
2683:
2665:
2066:
2055:
1635:
1624:
1533:
1505:
1482:
1444:
1421:
1302:
1274:
1241:
1213:
1170:
1166:
1155:
1082:
1035:
934:
898:
855:
844:
799:
748:
671:
606:
191:
181:
173:
168:
153:
138:
128:
118:
83:
49:
37:
28:
21:
3180:Henryk Arctowski Station
2849:A.B. Dobrowolski Station
756:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
273:British Antarctic Survey
2790:Princess Elizabeth Land
2400:Pole of Inaccessibility
242:Admiral Richard E. Byrd
3272:Outposts of Antarctica
75:Location in Antarctica
214:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2938:Inexpressible Island
1711:St. Kliment Ohridski
511:Innocents on the Ice
458:on 23 September 2015
3165:Arturo Prat Station
2981:Hut Point Peninsula
2772:Mac. Robertson Land
2744:Proclamation Island
2693:Belgrano II Station
1961:Gabriel de Castilla
1069:Robert Falcon Scott
726:South magnetic pole
684:Antarctic Peninsula
679:Biogeographic realm
483:The Washington Post
315:"HSM 55: East Base"
123:Antarctic Peninsula
103:68.1838°S 66.9980°W
99: /
3170:Great Wall Station
3117:San Martin Station
2933:Hells Gate Moraine
2716:Humboldt Mountains
1699:Princess Elisabeth
1007:Telecommunications
921:Territorial claims
325:on 7 February 2019
108:-68.1838; -66.9980
3259:
3258:
3243:Stonington Island
3132:Stonington Island
3092:Metchnikoff Point
3067:Esperanza Station
2867:Débarquement Rock
2721:Schirmacher Oasis
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2161:Drescher Ice Camp
2051:
2050:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1546:Comandante Ferraz
1266:Profesor Escudero
1256:General O'Higgins
1115:
1114:
1074:Ernest Shackleton
1002:Research stations
947:Antarctic English
916:National programs
911:Military activity
885:COVID-19 pandemic
842:
841:
711:Floristic Kingdom
616:Antarctic sea ice
508:John C. Behrendt
269:Jennie Darlington
206:Stonington Island
199:
198:
182: • Body
174: • Type
133:Stonington Island
3299:
3127:Snow Hill Island
3087:Megalestris Hill
3077:Horseshoe Island
3006:Observation Hill
2971:Shackleton's Hut
2826:Buromskiy Island
2711:Dakshin Gangotri
2652:
2645:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2612:
2442:
2425:
2413:
2396:
2374:
2332:
2200:Dakshin Gangotri
2184:
2057:
2056:
1626:
1625:
1464:Novolazarevskaya
1332:Dumont d'Urville
1168:
1167:
1157:
1156:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1119:
1118:
1100:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1064:James Clark Ross
1036:Famous explorers
850:
669:
668:
593:
586:
579:
570:
569:
561:
560:
559:
549:
548:
547:
537:
536:
535:
528:
518:
506:
500:
499:
497:
495:
474:
468:
467:
465:
463:
457:
451:. Archived from
446:
438:
429:
428:
426:
424:
418:
407:
399:
393:
392:
390:
388:
369:
360:
359:
357:
355:
341:
335:
334:
332:
330:
321:. Archived from
311:
232:First expedition
220:(1939–1941) and
164:
162:
149:
147:
114:
113:
111:
110:
109:
104:
100:
97:
96:
95:
92:
65:
64:
58:
42:
19:
18:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3237:
3219:
3175:Half Moon Beach
3152:South Shetlands
3146:
3137:Waterboat Point
3097:Paradise Harbor
3062:Detaille Island
3038:
3026:Edward VII Land
3020:
2991:McMurdo Station
2947:
2899:
2881:
2853:
2835:
2818:Queen Mary Land
2812:
2808:Walkabout Rocks
2784:
2766:
2748:
2730:
2703:Queen Maud Land
2697:
2679:
2661:
2656:
2626:
2617:
2606:
2592:World Park Base
2570:Little Rockford
2436:
2419:
2407:
2390:
2368:
2326:
2178:
2062:
2047:
1748:Julio Ripamonti
1733:González Videla
1645:Almirante Brown
1631:
1612:
1529:
1501:
1478:
1440:
1417:
1298:
1270:
1261:Presidente Frei
1237:
1209:
1162:
1151:
1146:
1116:
1111:
1078:
1048:Richard E. Byrd
1031:
992:Protected areas
930:
894:
851:
838:
795:
749:Bodies of Water
744:
733:West Antarctica
689:East Antarctica
667:
602:
597:
567:
557:
555:
545:
543:
533:
531:
523:
521:
507:
503:
493:
491:
476:
475:
471:
461:
459:
455:
444:
440:
439:
432:
422:
420:
416:
405:
401:
400:
396:
386:
384:
371:
370:
363:
353:
351:
343:
342:
338:
328:
326:
313:
312:
308:
304:
282:
257:
234:
228:on 7 May 2004.
160:
158:
145:
143:
107:
105:
101:
98:
93:
90:
88:
86:
85:
79:
78:
77:
76:
73:
72:
71:
70:
66:
45:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3305:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3215:Yankee Harbour
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3122:Seymour Island
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3048:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3034:Scott Nunataks
3030:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2957:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2803:Vostok Station
2800:
2794:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2689:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2599:Joint Stations
2596:
2595:
2594:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2565:Little America
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2448:United Kingdom
2445:
2444:
2443:
2431:
2426:
2414:
2405:Salyut Station
2402:
2397:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2041:Elichiribehety
2033:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2002:United Kingdom
1999:
1998:
1997:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1929:Leningradskaya
1921:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1787:Czech Republic
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1738:Guillermo Mann
1735:
1730:
1725:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1515:Amundsen-Scott
1511:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:Bellingshausen
1450:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1400:United Kingdom
1396:
1395:
1394:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1310:Czech Republic
1306:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1174:
1164:
1163:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1122:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1094:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1058:Ui-te-Rangiora
1055:
1053:Douglas Mawson
1050:
1045:
1043:Roald Amundsen
1039:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
982:Gateway cities
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
942:Antarctica Day
938:
936:
932:
931:
929:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
902:
900:
896:
895:
893:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
861:
859:
853:
852:
845:
843:
840:
839:
837:
836:
835:
834:
829:
824:
814:
812:Microorganisms
809:
803:
801:
797:
796:
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
776:List of rivers
773:
768:
763:
758:
752:
750:
746:
745:
743:
742:
741:
740:
730:
729:
728:
718:
713:
708:
706:Extreme points
703:
702:
701:
696:
686:
681:
675:
673:
666:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
634:
633:
628:
626:Climate change
618:
612:
610:
604:
603:
596:
595:
588:
581:
573:
566:
565:
553:
541:
539:Earth sciences
520:
519:
501:
469:
430:
410:Palmer Station
394:
361:
336:
305:
303:
300:
299:
298:
293:
288:
281:
278:
256:
253:
233:
230:
197:
196:
195:All year-round
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
177:Administration
175:
171:
170:
166:
165:
155:
151:
150:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
81:
80:
74:
68:
67:
60:
59:
53:
52:
51:
50:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
29:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3304:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3225:South Orkneys
3222:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3195:Pendulum Cove
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3142:Winter Island
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3102:Paulet Island
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3082:Lambda Island
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2976:Discovery Hut
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2943:Mount Dockery
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2923:Cape Wadworth
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2905:Victoria Land
2902:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2887:George V Land
2884:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2872:Petrel Island
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2831:Mirny Station
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:Tryne Islands
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2726:Showa Station
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2610:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2530:United States
2528:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2440:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2356:Komsomolskaya
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:Druzhnaya III
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2166:Georg Forster
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2132:Arturo Parodi
2130:
2128:
2127:Aguirre Cerda
2125:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:King Baudouin
2113:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2058:
2054:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2019:United States
2017:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1966:Juan Carlos I
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:Molodyozhnaya
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:Union Glacier
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1627:
1623:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1507:United States
1504:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1095:
1093:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
987:Midwinter Day
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
937:
933:
927:
926:Treaty System
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
901:
897:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
860:
858:
854:
849:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
802:
798:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
781:McMurdo Sound
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
751:
747:
739:
736:
735:
734:
731:
727:
724:
723:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
700:
697:
695:
692:
691:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
676:
674:
670:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
611:
609:
605:
601:
594:
589:
587:
582:
580:
575:
574:
571:
564:
563:United States
554:
552:
542:
540:
530:
529:
526:
517:
513:
512:
505:
489:
485:
484:
479:
473:
454:
450:
443:
437:
435:
415:
411:
404:
398:
382:
378:
377:Atlas Obscura
374:
368:
366:
350:
346:
340:
324:
320:
316:
310:
306:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
283:
277:
274:
270:
266:
262:
252:
250:
249:
243:
239:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
194:
190:
187:
184:
180:
176:
172:
167:
156:
152:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
112:
84:Coordinates:
82:
57:
48:
41:
36:
32:
27:
20:
3250:
3185:Lame Dog Hut
3112:Port Lockroy
3107:Port Charcot
3001:Mount Erebus
2961:Cape Crozier
2918:Cape Geology
2895:Cape Denison
2736:Enderby Land
2598:
2586:
2544:
2529:
2458:Port Lockroy
2447:
2417:Sodruzhestvo
2351:Druzhnaya IV
2341:Druzhnaya II
2319:Soviet Union
2318:
2312:Sarie Marais
2287:South Africa
2286:
2274:
2257:
2240:
2218:
2212:Giacomo Bove
2206:
2194:
2155:
2138:
2121:
2109:
2097:
2081:Belgrano III
2070:
2035:
2018:
2007:Fossil Bluff
2001:
1989:
1972:
1955:
1923:
1917:Law-Racoviță
1911:
1899:
1893:Machu Picchu
1887:
1875:
1863:
1851:
1839:
1822:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1769:
1743:Jorge Boonen
1717:
1705:
1693:
1681:
1639:
1600:
1588:
1577:South Africa
1576:
1564:
1552:
1540:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1350:
1344:Neumayer III
1338:
1321:
1309:
1251:Captain Prat
972:Firefighting
957:Demographics
880:Colonization
875:World War II
516:Google Books
514:, p. 99, at
509:
504:
492:. Retrieved
481:
472:
460:. Retrieved
453:the original
421:. Retrieved
397:
385:. Retrieved
352:. Retrieved
339:
327:. Retrieved
323:the original
309:
265:Jackie Ronne
258:
247:
235:
201:
200:
192:Active times
3210:Whalers Bay
3205:Potter Cove
3190:Maxwell Bay
3057:Damoy Point
3044:Graham Land
3016:Scott's Hut
2996:Mount Betty
2928:Foyn Island
2877:Port Martin
2859:Adélie Land
2841:Wilkes Land
2607: [
2437: [
2420: [
2408: [
2391: [
2383:Pionerskaya
2369: [
2336:Druzhnaya I
2327: [
2280:Dobrowolski
2241:New Zealand
2188:Neumayer II
2179: [
2149:Port Martin
1905:Dobrowolski
1852:New Zealand
1687:Vechernyaya
1565:New Zealand
1497:King Sejong
1484:South Korea
1180:Belgrano II
1060:(legendary)
967:Field camps
865:Expeditions
791:Weddell Sea
771:Lake Vostok
766:Lake Mercer
638:Ice shelves
494:17 February
462:12 February
423:12 February
387:12 February
373:"East Base"
354:12 February
329:12 February
139:Established
106: /
3266:Categories
3233:Scotia Bay
3200:Point Wild
3011:Scott Base
2966:Cape Evans
2913:Cape Adare
2780:Cape Bruce
2685:Coats Land
2675:South Pole
2667:South Pole
2429:Sovetskaya
2292:Borga Base
2176:Neumayer I
2076:Belgrano I
1995:ITU PolReC
1753:Risopatrón
1315:Eco-Nelson
1284:Great Wall
1205:San Martín
1161:Year-round
870:Heroic Age
721:South Pole
631:Heat waves
600:Antarctica
302:References
261:Finn Ronne
210:Antarctica
169:Government
94:66°59′53″W
91:68°11′02″S
3251:East Base
2986:Lewis Bay
2754:Kemp Land
2604:Weddell-1
2555:Ellsworth
2545:East Base
2523:Station W
2518:Station V
2513:Station T
2508:Station P
2503:Station O
2498:Station N
2493:Station J
2488:Station G
2483:Station F
2478:Station E
2473:Station D
2468:Station C
2463:Station B
2453:South Ice
2307:SANAE III
2229:Dome Fuji
2098:Australia
2086:Ellsworth
2071:Argentina
1845:Zucchelli
1804:Maldonado
1675:Primavera
1655:Decepción
1640:Argentina
1492:Jang Bogo
1392:Vernadsky
1380:Arctowski
1356:Concordia
1327:Concordia
1289:Zhongshan
1215:Australia
1190:Esperanza
1172:Argentina
1022:Transport
761:Lake CECs
738:ice sheet
694:ice sheet
663:Volcanoes
653:Mountains
608:Geography
551:Geography
202:East Base
154:Evacuated
69:East Base
23:East Base
3072:Hope Bay
2953:Ross Sea
2535:Brockton
2434:Vostok I
2302:SANAE II
2268:Maudheim
2171:Filchner
2029:Shirreff
1944:Russkaya
1939:Progress
1876:Pakistan
1833:Gondwana
1723:Carvajal
1706:Bulgaria
1665:Melchior
1660:Matienzo
1582:SANAE IV
1469:Progress
1195:Marambio
1092:Category
997:Religion
899:Politics
817:Wildlife
786:Ross Sea
648:Glaciers
488:Archived
414:Archived
381:Archived
280:See also
129:Location
2575:Plateau
2560:Hallett
2361:Lazarev
2324:Druzhba
2297:SANAE I
2246:Hallett
2156:Germany
2144:Charcot
2110:Belgium
2036:Uruguay
1912:Romania
1823:Germany
1811:Finland
1799:Ecuador
1780:Taishan
1728:Collins
1694:Belgium
1682:Belarus
1606:Artigas
1601:Uruguay
1520:McMurdo
1431:Bharati
1411:Rothera
1387:Ukraine
1339:Germany
1294:Qinling
1200:Orcadas
1185:Carlini
1102:Commons
1017:Tourism
962:Economy
935:Society
857:History
827:Mammals
716:Islands
672:Regions
643:Geology
621:Climate
525:Portals
159: (
144: (
2550:Eights
2388:Pobeda
2275:Poland
2263:Norway
2258:Norway
2234:Mizuho
2139:France
2103:Wilkes
2091:Sobral
2061:Closed
1990:Turkey
1973:Sweden
1924:Russia
1900:Poland
1881:Jinnah
1864:Norway
1828:Kohnen
1792:Mendel
1775:Kunlun
1763:Yelcho
1670:Petrel
1650:Cámara
1630:Summer
1589:Turkey
1541:Brazil
1534:Others
1525:Palmer
1474:Vostok
1446:Russia
1436:Maitri
1406:Halley
1375:Poland
1363:Norway
1322:France
1303:Europe
1233:Mawson
699:shield
658:Tundra
119:Region
2611:]
2587:Other
2580:Siple
2441:]
2424:]
2412:]
2395:]
2378:Oasis
2373:]
2331:]
2251:Vanda
2224:Asuka
2219:Japan
2207:Italy
2195:India
2183:]
2122:Chile
2024:Lenie
2012:Signy
1956:Spain
1949:Soyuz
1857:Vanda
1840:Italy
1770:China
1718:Chile
1570:Scott
1558:Showa
1553:Japan
1459:Mirny
1423:India
1368:Troll
1351:Italy
1276:China
1243:Chile
1228:Davis
1223:Casey
1107:Index
1027:Women
977:Flags
952:Crime
890:Years
832:Krill
822:Birds
807:Flora
456:(PDF)
445:(PDF)
417:(PDF)
406:(PDF)
2540:Byrd
1983:Wasa
1978:Svea
1888:Peru
1816:Aboa
1594:TARS
1012:Time
800:Life
496:2017
464:2017
425:2017
389:2017
356:2017
331:2017
267:and
248:Bear
246:USS
236:The
161:1948
157:1948
146:1939
142:1939
2366:Mir
1869:Tor
204:on
3268::
2609:ru
2439:es
2422:ru
2410:lt
2393:ru
2371:ru
2329:ru
2181:de
486:.
480:.
447:.
433:^
412:.
408:.
379:.
375:.
364:^
347:.
317:.
2651:e
2644:t
2637:v
1141:e
1134:t
1127:v
592:e
585:t
578:v
527::
498:.
466:.
427:.
391:.
358:.
333:.
163:)
148:)
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