369:
41:
1164:
1719:
256:
Etruria usually is divided into two main territories, called
Northern Etruria and Southern Etruria, to which must be added the northernmost territories are called Etruria Padana, and the southernmost territories are called Etruria Campana.
236:
had a great influence on the culture of early
Republican Rome, some of what later became the most symbolic traditions of the city. It also included the introduction of new foods, the
1743:
217:
was established. The
Etruscans are credited with influencing Roman architecture and ritual practice; it was under the Etruscan kings that important structures such as the
985:
626:
1138:
372:
Etruscan votive heads found in various sanctuaries throughout
Etruria and dating from the fourth century BC through the second century BC
829:
1003:
830:
Where Did the
Ancient Etruscans Come From?: A new DNA analysis suggests the enigmatic civilization was native to the Italian Peninsula
1465:
198:
cups are an example. Such trade occurred either directly with Egypt or through intermediaries such as Greek or
Phoenician sailors.
1219:
537:
There was a period between 600 BC and 500 BC, during which twelve
Etruscan city-states formed a loose confederation known as the
1264:
120:, an ancient civilization that flourished in the area from around the 8th century BC until they were assimilated into the
1043:
218:
652:
191:
953:
864:
201:
Rome was influenced strongly by the
Etruscans even though it was separated from the early boundary of Etruria by the
83:
1418:
1379:
930:
878:
154:
The
Etruscans were a dominant culture in Italy by 650 BC, surpassing other ancient Italic peoples such as the
1214:
538:
1301:
1209:
1768:
1369:
1011:
744:
1763:
1364:
1290:
1133:
210:
27:
1331:
1311:
1172:
1153:
1118:
961:
34:
1508:
989:
148:
20:
944:
Etruscan Italy: Etruscan
Influences on the Civilizations of Italy from Antiquity to the Modern Era
1758:
1753:
1528:
1036:
585:. This is roughly coincident with those of Etruria before the Roman period that began in 509 BC.
322:
179:
318:
1349:
1344:
594:
1354:
1259:
1189:
1052:
688:
233:
137:
133:
1163:
1591:
942:
784:
614:
541:. Etruscan was the official language for their meetings. When Etruria was conquered by the
290:
to the south of Tuscany; furthermore, the Etruscan territories north to Perugia in modern
8:
1460:
1389:
1384:
368:
788:
771:"The origin and legacy of the Etruscans through a 2000-year archeogenomic time transect"
1503:
1454:
1073:
1029:
997:
805:
770:
708:
703:
640:
606:
283:
1718:
1551:
1498:
1407:
1399:
1284:
1249:
1199:
949:
926:
860:
810:
698:
648:
470:
245:
299:- small portions of the most southern areas of Tuscany, all of northern and central
1748:
1441:
1412:
1339:
1239:
1176:
1083:
1078:
1068:
1060:
800:
792:
775:
693:
678:
673:
668:
195:
54:
44:
Map showing Etruria and Etruscan colonies as of 750 BC and as expanded until 500 BC
1543:
1436:
1359:
1229:
1224:
1128:
1108:
683:
377:
1566:
1447:
1374:
1204:
1184:
1148:
967:
621:
574:
542:
334:
329:
237:
214:
175:
121:
1737:
1661:
1523:
1431:
1425:
1306:
1103:
1012:"The Mysteries of Etruscan Cerveteri: A Walk Through an Ancient Civilization"
222:
202:
171:
145:
93:
40:
1722:
1641:
1533:
1513:
1194:
1143:
814:
796:
610:
241:
1518:
1493:
1093:
562:
178:(including Sicily). Indeed, at some Etruscan tombs, such as those of the
1021:
1475:
578:
183:
144:
period in the ninth century BC, and they were very powerful during the
141:
19:
This article is about the ancient region of Italy. For other uses, see
1686:
1671:
1646:
1616:
1586:
1254:
1088:
582:
480:
466:
446:
406:
226:
117:
1561:
846:
ed. Roger D. Woodard. Cambridge University Press, 2008, pp. 141–164.
1701:
1696:
1691:
1676:
1656:
1488:
1483:
1274:
1234:
1123:
605:(Grand Duchy of Etruria). The name Etruria also was applied to the
558:
526:
436:
356:
338:
167:
159:
620:
A particularly noteworthy work dealing with Etruscan locations is
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1611:
1596:
1571:
1269:
1098:
506:
496:
456:
426:
287:
275:
187:
155:
105:
1316:
1244:
713:
416:
386:
342:
291:
163:
158:. Their influence may be seen beyond Etruria's confines in the
113:
996:
69:
1706:
1666:
1651:
1601:
1576:
1556:
1321:
1296:
1279:
1113:
598:
570:
546:
516:
396:
352:
300:
109:
101:
1681:
1581:
569:
was the name of a region (Regio VII). Its borders were the
490:
304:
279:
206:
97:
75:
72:
597:(which existed 1569–1801 and 1814–1859) styled itself in
57:
879:"L'influenza della civiltà etrusca sugli antichi Romani"
205:, the Ciminian Forest. A series of Etruscan kings ruled
382:
Latin and Italian names are given between parentheses:
140:
centered on numerous city-states that arose during the
1744:
Geographical, historical and cultural regions of Italy
617:
that replaced the Grand Duchy between 1801 and 1807.
251:
84:
627:
Sketches of Etruscan Places and Other Italian Essays
66:
63:
60:
941:
768:
1735:
920:
132:The ancient people of Etruria are identified as
26:"Tyrrhenia" redirects here. For other uses, see
725:
33:"Tyrsenia" redirects here. For other uses, see
921:Bonfante, Giuliano; Bonfante, Larissa (2003).
351:(Campanian Etruria) - territories in southern
1037:
1139:Arruns Tarquinius (son of Tarquin the Proud)
907:(in Latin). Novara: De Agostini. p. 15.
588:
104:, an area that covered what is now most of
1044:
1030:
209:until 509 BC when the last Etruscan king,
1051:
804:
876:
645:An Ancient and Modern History of Etruria
367:
39:
902:
836:
639:
1736:
992:, an overview of Etruscan civilisation
923:The Etruscan Language: an Introduction
323:Etruscan cities § Etruria Campana
194:has been found by archaeologists—fine
1025:
319:Etruscan cities § Etruria Padana
966:
939:
731:
363:
333:(Padanian Etruria) - territories in
972:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
849:
769:Posth, Cosimo; et al. (2021).
170:and through their contact with the
127:
13:
877:Roma.Com, Redazione (2021-08-04).
633:
252:Territorial subdivision of Etruria
190:, physical evidence of trade with
14:
1780:
979:
833:, Smithsonian, September 29, 2021
337:and in the southern extremity of
213:, was removed from power and the
1717:
1466:English words of Etruscan origin
1340:Battle of Alalia (540 BC–535 BC)
1162:
986:Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria
844:The Ancient Languages of Europe,
552:
53:
1419:Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum
1220:Etruscan names for Greek heroes
914:
1380:Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC)
1355:Battle of the Cremera (477 BC)
960:Chronology of Etruscan Italy,
925:. Manchester: Manchester U.P.
896:
870:
821:
762:
737:
549:became the official language.
1:
719:
1385:Battle of Populonia (282 BC)
1210:Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum
948:. Indiana University Press.
842:Rix, Helmut. "Etruscan." In
7:
1370:Capture of Fidenae (435 BC)
940:Hall, John F., ed. (1996).
855:Cary, M.; Scullard, H. H.,
662:
10:
1785:
1375:Battle of Veii (c. 396 BC)
1365:Battle of Fidenae (437 BC)
1291:Sarcophagus of the Spouses
1134:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
974:(in Italian). Treccani.it.
647:. Italian Heritage Press.
375:
316:
211:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
116:. It was inhabited by the
32:
28:Tyrrhenia (disambiguation)
25:
18:
1715:
1542:
1474:
1398:
1330:
1312:Tomb of the Roaring Lions
1171:
1160:
1154:Titus Vestricius Spurinna
1119:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
1059:
745:"Etruschi - Enciclopedia"
589:Etruria in modern history
35:Tyrsenia (disambiguation)
1509:National Etruscan Museum
1360:Battle of Cumae (474 BC)
96:delimited by the rivers
21:Etruria (disambiguation)
1529:Tumulus of Montefortini
1004:Encyclopædia Britannica
859:Page 28. 3rd Ed. 1979.
603:Magnus Ducatus Etruriae
180:Tumulus di Montefortini
124:in the 4th century BC.
16:Region of Central Italy
1350:Siege of Rome (508 BC)
1345:Siege of Rome (509 BC)
1007:(11th ed.). 1911.
797:10.1126/sciadv.abi7673
595:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
373:
45:
1260:Monterozzi necropolis
1053:Etruscan civilization
689:Etruscan civilization
371:
286:to the east, and the
234:Etruscan civilization
43:
1592:Civita di Bagnoregio
1265:Mythological figures
903:Baracca, M. (1970).
615:Napoleon I of France
112:, and north-western
1461:Tyrsenian languages
1390:Roman-Etruscan Wars
1302:Terracotta warriors
789:2021SciA....7.7673P
473:Anxur) (Tarracina,
359:, in southern Italy
345:, in northern Italy
1769:Villanovan culture
1504:Monteleone Chariot
1455:Tabula Cortonensis
1235:Haruspex/Extispicy
1074:Villanovan culture
1016:transferinrome.cab
857:A History of Rome.
709:Kingdom of Etruria
704:Etruscan mythology
607:Kingdom of Etruria
374:
282:to the north, the
92:) was a region of
46:
1764:History of Umbria
1729:
1728:
1499:Impasto (pottery)
1250:Liver of Piacenza
1200:Chimera of Arezzo
699:Etruscan language
364:Cities of Etruria
311:Etruscan colonies
274:- much of modern
1776:
1721:
1442:Lemnian language
1413:Cippus Perusinus
1332:Military history
1166:
1084:Founding of Rome
1079:Padanian Etruria
1046:
1039:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1008:
1000:
975:
959:
947:
936:
909:
908:
900:
894:
893:
891:
890:
874:
868:
853:
847:
840:
834:
825:
819:
818:
808:
783:(39): eabi7673.
776:Science Advances
766:
760:
759:
757:
756:
741:
735:
729:
694:Etruscan society
679:Etruscan origins
674:Etruscan history
669:Padanian Etruria
658:
561:organization of
303:to the gates of
297:Southern Etruria
272:Northern Etruria
196:Egyptian faience
182:at Comeana (see
166:, as well as in
136:. Their complex
128:Etruscan Etruria
88:
82:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1711:
1538:
1470:
1437:Raetic language
1394:
1326:
1230:Fanum Voltumnae
1225:Tiburtine Sibyl
1215:Etruscan League
1167:
1158:
1129:Servius Tullius
1109:Caelius Vibenna
1055:
1050:
998:"Etruria"
995:
982:
956:
933:
917:
912:
905:Atlante Storico
901:
897:
888:
886:
875:
871:
854:
850:
841:
837:
826:
822:
767:
763:
754:
752:
743:
742:
738:
730:
726:
722:
684:Etruscan cities
665:
655:
641:Coberly, Daniel
636:
634:Further reading
609:, an ephemeral
591:
555:
539:Etruscan League
380:
378:Etruscan cities
366:
349:Etruria Campana
325:
254:
229:were realized.
149:Archaic periods
130:
86:
56:
52:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1759:Etruscan sites
1756:
1754:Italian states
1751:
1746:
1727:
1726:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1451:
1448:Tabula Capuana
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1185:Apollo of Veii
1181:
1179:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1149:Lars Tolumnius
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1009:
993:
981:
980:External links
978:
977:
976:
964:
954:
937:
931:
916:
913:
911:
910:
895:
869:
848:
835:
827:Kindy, David,
820:
761:
736:
723:
721:
718:
717:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
664:
661:
660:
659:
654:978-0615819112
653:
635:
632:
622:D. H. Lawrence
590:
587:
575:Tyrrhenian Sea
554:
551:
543:Roman Republic
535:
534:
524:
514:
504:
494:
488:
478:
464:
454:
444:
434:
424:
414:
404:
394:
376:Main article:
365:
362:
361:
360:
346:
335:Emilia-Romagna
330:Etruria Padana
315:
314:
312:
308:
307:
294:
268:
267:
265:
253:
250:
238:Latin alphabet
215:Roman Republic
176:Southern Italy
172:Greek colonies
129:
126:
122:Roman Republic
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1781:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:San Giovenale
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:Tomb of Orcus
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1432:Pyrgi Tablets
1430:
1428:
1427:
1426:Liber Linteus
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:Titus Larcius
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1104:Aulus Vibenna
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1005:
999:
994:
991:
990:George Dennis
987:
984:
983:
973:
969:
965:
962:
957:
955:9780842523349
951:
946:
945:
938:
934:
928:
924:
919:
918:
906:
899:
884:
880:
873:
866:
865:0-312-38395-9
862:
858:
852:
845:
839:
832:
831:
824:
816:
812:
807:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
777:
772:
765:
750:
746:
740:
733:
728:
724:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
666:
656:
650:
646:
642:
638:
637:
631:
629:
628:
623:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
553:Roman Etruria
550:
548:
544:
540:
532:
528:
525:
522:
518:
515:
512:
508:
505:
502:
499:(Vetulonium,
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
482:
479:
476:
472:
468:
465:
462:
458:
455:
452:
449:(Populonium,
448:
445:
442:
439:(Volaterrae,
438:
435:
432:
428:
425:
422:
418:
415:
412:
408:
405:
402:
398:
395:
392:
388:
385:
384:
383:
379:
370:
358:
354:
350:
347:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:
327:
326:
324:
320:
313:
310:
309:
306:
302:
298:
295:
293:
289:
288:Albegna river
285:
281:
277:
273:
270:
269:
266:
263:
260:
259:
258:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
230:
228:
224:
223:Cloaca Maxima
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
203:Silva Ciminia
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
152:
150:
147:
146:Orientalizing
143:
139:
135:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
94:Central Italy
91:
90:
80:
50:
42:
36:
29:
22:
1731:
1642:Poggio Colla
1606:
1534:Vicus Tuscus
1514:Negau helmet
1453:
1446:
1424:
1417:
1289:
1190:Architecture
1144:Lars Porsena
1018:- 2023-06-30
1015:
1002:
971:
943:
922:
915:Bibliography
904:
898:
887:. Retrieved
885:(in Italian)
882:
872:
856:
851:
843:
838:
828:
823:
780:
774:
764:
753:. Retrieved
751:(in Italian)
748:
739:
727:
644:
625:
619:
611:client state
602:
592:
566:
556:
536:
530:
529:(Volsiniia,
520:
510:
500:
493:(Veii, Veio)
484:
483:(Tarquinii,
474:
460:
450:
440:
430:
429:(Cortonium,
420:
410:
400:
390:
381:
348:
328:
296:
271:
261:
255:
242:architecture
231:
200:
153:
131:
48:
47:
1519:Portonaccio
1494:Etruscology
1094:Tyrrhenians
563:Roman Italy
509:(Faesulae,
389:(Arretium,
278:, from the
246:engineering
162:Valley and
108:, northern
1738:Categories
1552:Acquarossa
1476:Archeology
932:0719055407
889:2023-04-26
755:2024-07-05
720:References
581:, and the
579:Apuan Alps
459:(Perusia,
419:(Clusium,
317:See also:
280:Arno river
248:elements.
219:Capitolium
184:Carmignano
142:Villanovan
1687:Vetulonia
1672:Tarquinia
1647:Populonia
1617:Fescennia
1587:Cerveteri
1544:Key sites
1255:Mezentius
1089:Tyrrhenus
968:"Etruria"
583:Apennines
501:Vetulonia
485:Tarquinia
475:Terracina
451:Populonia
411:Cerveteri
284:Apennines
227:Via Sacra
134:Etruscans
118:Etruscans
1702:Volterra
1697:Volsinii
1692:Vie Cave
1677:Tuscania
1657:Rusellae
1489:Cuniculi
1484:Bucchero
1408:Alphabet
1400:Language
1285:Religion
1275:Poppilia
1124:Tanaquil
883:Roma.Com
815:34559560
749:Treccani
732:Treccani
663:See also
643:(2013).
559:Augustan
531:Volsinii
519:(Vulci,
481:Tarchnal
471:Volscian
441:Volterra
437:Felathri
409:(Caere,
357:Campania
339:Lombardy
264:(proper)
168:Campania
160:Po River
1749:Etruria
1637:Perusia
1632:Orvieto
1627:Norchia
1622:Fidenae
1612:Falerii
1607:Etruria
1597:Clusium
1572:Bologna
1567:Baratti
1270:Persius
1240:Jewelry
1177:society
1173:Culture
1099:Tarchon
1069:Origins
1061:History
806:8462907
785:Bibcode
567:Etruria
557:In the
511:Fiesole
497:Vetluna
467:Tarchna
461:Perugia
457:Parusia
447:Fufluna
431:Cortona
417:Clevsin
387:Arritim
276:Tuscany
262:Etruria
188:Tuscany
156:Ligures
138:culture
106:Tuscany
49:Etruria
1723:Portal
1562:Aleria
1317:Vegoia
1245:Lausus
952:
929:
863:
813:
803:
714:Tuscia
651:
577:, the
573:, the
527:Velzna
507:Vipsul
427:Curtun
421:Chiusi
407:Caisra
391:Arezzo
343:Veneto
321:, and
292:Umbria
244:, and
240:, the
225:, and
164:Latium
114:Umbria
1707:Vulci
1667:Spina
1652:Pyrgi
1602:Cumae
1577:Caere
1557:Adria
1322:Vulca
1297:Tages
1280:Raeti
1205:Coins
1114:Capys
988:, by
599:Latin
571:Tiber
547:Latin
521:Volci
517:Velch
401:Adria
397:Atria
353:Lazio
301:Lazio
192:Egypt
186:) in
110:Lazio
102:Tiber
89:-ee-ə
87:TROOR
1682:Veii
1582:Ceri
1175:and
950:ISBN
927:ISBN
861:ISBN
811:PMID
649:ISBN
593:The
491:Veii
355:and
341:and
305:Rome
232:The
207:Rome
100:and
98:Arno
1195:Art
801:PMC
793:doi
624:'s
613:of
601:as
174:in
85:ih-
70:ʊər
1740::
1014:.
1001:.
970:.
881:.
809:.
799:.
791:.
779:.
773:.
747:.
630:.
565:,
545:,
221:,
151:.
1045:e
1038:t
1031:v
963:.
958:.
935:.
892:.
867:.
817:.
795::
787::
781:7
758:.
734:.
657:.
533:)
523:)
513:)
503:)
487:)
477:)
469:(
463:)
453:)
443:)
433:)
423:)
413:)
403:)
399:(
393:)
79:/
76:ə
73:i
67:r
64:t
61:ˈ
58:ɪ
55:/
51:(
37:.
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
