306:). When Emperor Xianzong refused, Liu rebelled in spring 806. When Emperor Xianzong consulted his officials as to what they thought he should do, most officials thought that Xichuan was protected by natural barriers and difficult to attack. Du, however, believed that Liu was merely an egomaniacal civilian without military abilities and could be defeated easily. He also recommended the general
316:), Du warned him that if he were not successful, he would be replaced with Liu Yong, so Gao fought particularly hard during the campaign. Later in the year, Gao defeated and captured Liu Pi, allowing the imperial government to take control of Xichuan. When news of the victory reached Chang'an, it was said that Emperor Xianzong looked at Du and stated, "This is your achievement, Lord."
365:) as well as the mayor of its capital Hezhong Municipality. Later in the year, he was created the Duke of Bin. Du died in fall 808, while still serving at Hezhong, and was given posthumous honors. After his death, there were accusations that Du had received a bribe from Gao, and the accusations were confirmed after interrogations of a subordinate of Du's, Wu Ping (
320:
contempt for the imperial government. He advocated that the imperial government should assert its authority, and
Emperor Xianzong agreed. Traditional historians generally credited Du with this change in mindset that eventually led to Emperor Xianzong's reassertion of imperial authority over the entire realm. Also, during 806, when Han Quanyi (
310:, who was then not well known, to command the operation against Liu. Emperor Xianzong agreed and put Gao in command. It was said that subsequently, Du drafted the strategies against Liu and coordinated them with Gao and the other generals. Knowing that Gao was apprehensive of the abilities of another general, Liu Yong (
212:, Wei stated, "You, Father-in-Law, have just received a new position. How would you dare to comment on what happens in the palace?" Du angrily replied, "I, Du Huangchang, have received the grace from three emperors. How can you buy my silence with an office?" He walked out and left his meeting with Wei.
289:
seized power and demanded to be officially commissioned as the military governor of
Xichuan. Emperor Xianzong initially refused but later decided that he was not ready to fight Liu yet, and so made Liu Pi acting military governor. However, Liu was not satisfied, and demanded two additional circuits
356:
Despite Du's accomplishments, however, he was also said to be careless and not particularly clean in his conduct, and therefore unable to retain his position as chancellor for long. In spring 807, Emperor
Xianzong, while still letting him carry an honorary chancellor title, made him the military
319:
Further, Du advocated a fundamental change in the mindset that the imperial government had toward regional warlords — he pointed out to
Emperor Xianzong that during Emperor Dezong's reign, to avoid rebellions, he appeased the warlords by giving them what they wanted, but that only caused more
150:). Du discovered that the edict was forged and questioned Li. After Li admitted his plan, Du issued orders in Guo's name to have him and several other officers who were difficult to control sent to various military outposts, to secure the headquarters.
219:
seized control of
Emperor Shunzong, and because Wang had to leave governmental service to observe a period of mourning for his mother, Wang's partisans began to lose power. At the instigation of the eunuch Ju Wenzhen
460:
352:
requested to succeed him, Du advocated using the chance to divide Pinglu, but
Emperor Xianzong, as the campaign against Xichuan was still ongoing at that point, agreed to let Li Shidao succeed Li Shigu.
270:). While Wei was in exile, Du, despite their differences, protected him from further reprisal, and when Wei died in exile, Du requested permission to have his casket returned and given a proper burial.
56:. He was credited for setting the tone for Emperor Xianzong's hardline stance against warlords, leading to the restoration of imperial authority over the entire empire during Emperor Xianzong's reign.
262:
Most of Wang Shuwen's partisans were immediately purged, but Wei Zhiyi, as Du
Huangchang's son-in-law, remained chancellor for several months before he was exiled to Yai Prefecture (崖州, in modern
330:) was at Chang'an, Du, pointing out that Han had previously failed as a general and been disrespectful to Emperor Dezong, ordered Han to retire. Han's nephew Yang Huilin (
377:). Emperor Xianzong, remembering Du Huangchang's accomplishments, exiled Wu but took no actions against Du Zai and did not strip Du Huangchang of his honors.
740:
735:
745:
760:
144:
wanted to seize control of the army, and therefore forged an imperial edict ordering a number of other officers, including Wen Ruya (
348:), who had ruled the circuit even more independently from the imperial government than the other circuits, died, and his brother
556:
755:
709:
705:
701:
656:
633:
598:
677:
534:
480:
428:
689:
443:
192:
45:
208:. On an occasion when Du suggested to Wei that he led the other officials in suggesting that Li Chun be made
765:
254:. Shortly after, Emperor Shunzong yielded the throne to Li Chun, who took the throne as Emperor Xianzong.
750:
140:, there was an occasion when Guo was at Chang'an and left Du in charge of the headquarters. The officer
336:) then tried to seize control of Xiasui Circuit but was quickly defeated and killed. Thereafter, when
205:
180:
65:
53:
49:
216:
137:
154:
110:
and did well in a special examination on the use of grand language; he was regarded highly by
725:
107:
8:
730:
195:
because he was an ally of Wang's. Only thereafter was Du made the minister of worship (
286:
684:
672:
408:
402:
358:
38:
550:
340:
the military governor of the powerful Pinglu
Circuit (平盧, headquartered in modern
560:
505:
484:
447:
432:
696:
593:
327:
719:
23:
307:
202:
141:
69:
41:
201:). At that time, Wang's partisans were apprehensive of Emperor Shunzong's
68:. His family was from Jingzhao Municipality (京兆, i.e., the region of the
538:
477:
440:
425:
184:
168:
111:
77:
73:
171:
and therefore stuck at his position for some 10 years without movement.
326:) the military governor of Xiasui Circuit (夏綏, headquartered in modern
101:
277:
the military governor of
Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
349:
341:
188:
179:
Emperor Dezong died in 805 and was succeeded by his severely ill son
345:
337:
299:
291:
129:
125:
120:
115:
153:
At a later unknown time during the reign of
Emperor Daizong's son
303:
295:
282:
278:
274:
251:
236:), the deputy head of the examination bureau of government (門下省,
167:). However, he was disliked by Emperor Dezong's close associate
133:
98:) served as an official at the Jingzhao Municipality government.
362:
267:
209:
263:
136:). In 778, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong's grandson
92:) serve as a prefectural official, while his father Du Wan (
64:
Du Huangchang was born in 728 or 729, during the reign of
357:
governor of Hezhong Circuit (河中, headquartered in modern
157:, Du Huangchang became an imperial censor with the title
187:
became very powerful, and Du Huangchang's son-in-law
102:
During Emperor Daizong's and Emperor Dezong's reigns
298:) and Shannan West (山南西道, headquartered in modern
257:
174:
717:
372:
366:
331:
321:
311:
245:
231:
221:
215:Later in the year, however, several powerful
196:
162:
145:
93:
87:
81:
741:Chancellors under Emperor Xianzong of Tang
736:Chancellors under Emperor Shunzong of Tang
648:
646:
644:
642:
625:
623:
621:
619:
290:— Dongchuan (東川, headquartered in modern
746:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Hezhong Circuit
226:), Li Chun was made regent. Du was made
639:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
416:gave his age at death as 70, while the
396:
394:
380:
250:), making him a chancellor, along with
718:
616:
412:disagree as to his age at death — the
22:(杜黃裳) (738 or 739 – October 12, 808),
183:. Emperor Shunzong's close associate
128:Circuit (朔方, headquartered in modern
114:. He later served as a secretary to
565:
391:
400:Du Huangchang's biographies in the
13:
761:Tang dynasty generals from Shaanxi
14:
777:
242:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
86:). His grandfather Du Hanzhang (
76:) and claimed ancestry form the
258:During Emperor Xianzong's reign
175:During Emperor Shunzong's reign
37:(邠宣獻公), was an official of the
604:
586:
527:
490:
467:
453:
367:
332:
322:
312:
246:
232:
118:, then the military governor (
1:
59:
16:Chinese chancellor (died 808)
240:) and given the designation
7:
10:
782:
535:"漢川草廬-二十四史-新唐書-卷七十二‧表第十二"
373:
222:
197:
163:
146:
106:Du Huangchang passed the
94:
88:
82:
420:gave it as 69. Compare
371:), and Du's son Du Zai (
285:) died, his subordinate
756:Politicians from Xi'an
559:June 20, 2010, at the
108:imperial examinations
80:official Du Yannian (
48:during the reigns of
381:Notes and references
35:Duke Xuanxian of Bin
766:Du clan of Jingzhao
273:Later in 805, when
751:Mayors of Yuncheng
483:2008-06-21 at the
446:2009-02-02 at the
431:2008-06-21 at the
773:
685:New Book of Tang
673:Old Book of Tang
660:
650:
637:
627:
614:
611:New Book of Tang
608:
602:
590:
584:
581:Old Book of Tang
578:
563:
552:New Book of Tang
549:
547:
546:
537:. Archived from
531:
525:
522:New Book of Tang
520:, vol. 147 with
518:Old Book of Tang
510:New Book of Tang
498:Old Book of Tang
494:
488:
474:Old Book of Tang
471:
465:
464:
457:
451:
437:New Book of Tang
422:Old Book of Tang
418:New Book of Tang
414:Old Book of Tang
409:New Book of Tang
403:Old Book of Tang
398:
376:
375:
370:
369:
335:
334:
325:
324:
315:
314:
249:
248:
235:
234:
225:
224:
200:
199:
181:Emperor Shunzong
166:
165:
149:
148:
97:
96:
91:
90:
85:
84:
66:Emperor Xuanzong
54:Emperor Xianzong
50:Emperor Shunzong
31:Duke Xuan of Bin
781:
780:
776:
775:
774:
772:
771:
770:
716:
715:
663:
651:
640:
628:
617:
609:
605:
591:
587:
579:
566:
561:Wayback Machine
544:
542:
533:
532:
528:
506:posthumous name
495:
491:
485:Wayback Machine
472:
468:
459:
458:
454:
448:Wayback Machine
433:Wayback Machine
399:
392:
383:
260:
177:
138:Emperor Daizong
104:
62:
44:, serving as a
29:(遵素), formally
17:
12:
11:
5:
779:
769:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
714:
713:
697:Zizhi Tongjian
693:
681:
668:
667:
662:
661:
653:Zizhi Tongjian
638:
630:Zizhi Tongjian
615:
603:
594:Zizhi Tongjian
585:
564:
526:
489:
466:
452:
389:
388:
387:
382:
379:
328:Yulin, Shaanxi
259:
256:
228:Menxia Shilang
176:
173:
155:Emperor Dezong
103:
100:
61:
58:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
778:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
711:
707:
703:
699:
698:
694:
691:
687:
686:
682:
679:
675:
674:
670:
669:
665:
664:
658:
654:
649:
647:
645:
643:
635:
631:
626:
624:
622:
620:
612:
607:
600:
596:
595:
589:
582:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
562:
558:
555:
553:
541:on 2008-11-20
540:
536:
530:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
493:
486:
482:
479:
475:
470:
462:
456:
449:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:
405:
404:
397:
395:
390:
385:
384:
378:
364:
360:
354:
351:
347:
343:
339:
329:
317:
309:
305:
301:
297:
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288:
284:
280:
276:
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255:
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211:
207:
204:
194:
190:
186:
182:
172:
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160:
156:
151:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
109:
99:
79:
75:
71:
67:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
40:
36:
32:
28:
25:
24:courtesy name
21:
20:Du Huangchang
695:
683:
671:
666:Bibliography
652:
629:
610:
606:
592:
588:
580:
551:
543:. Retrieved
539:the original
529:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:, while the
501:
497:
492:
473:
469:
455:
436:
421:
417:
413:
407:
401:
355:
318:
308:Gao Chongwen
272:
261:
241:
238:Menxia Sheng
237:
227:
214:
203:crown prince
178:
158:
152:
142:Li Huaiguang
119:
105:
70:Tang dynasty
63:
42:Tang dynasty
34:
30:
26:
19:
18:
726:720s births
613:, vol. 169.
583:, vol. 147.
524:, vol. 169.
516:. Compare
185:Wang Shuwen
169:Pei Yanling
112:Du Hongjian
78:Han dynasty
731:808 deaths
720:Categories
545:2008-10-03
193:chancellor
60:Background
46:chancellor
554:, vol. 72
350:Li Shidao
189:Wei Zhiyi
33:(邠宣公) or
700:, vols.
690:vol. 169
678:vol. 147
657:vol. 237
634:vol. 236
599:vol. 225
557:Archived
514:Xuanxian
504:as Du's
481:Archived
444:Archived
441:vol. 169
429:Archived
426:vol. 147
359:Yuncheng
346:Shandong
338:Li Shigu
300:Hanzhong
292:Mianyang
247:同中書門下平章事
159:Shiyushi
130:Yinchuan
126:Shuofang
121:Jiedushi
116:Guo Ziyi
74:Chang'an
72:capital
478:vol. 14
461:"中央研究院"
304:Shaanxi
296:Sichuan
283:Sichuan
279:Chengdu
275:Wei Gao
252:Yuan Zi
217:eunuchs
206:Li Chun
191:became
134:Ningxia
39:Chinese
363:Shanxi
342:Tai'an
287:Liu Pi
268:Hainan
210:regent
512:gave
500:gave
435:with
386:Notes
264:Sanya
124:) of
27:Zunsu
502:Xuan
496:The
406:and
233:門下侍郎
52:and
710:237
706:236
702:225
333:楊惠琳
323:韓全義
223:俱文珍
198:太常卿
164:侍御史
147:溫儒雅
89:杜含章
83:杜延年
722::
708:,
704:,
688:,
676:,
655:,
641:^
632:,
618:^
597:,
567:^
476:,
439:,
424:,
393:^
374:杜載
368:吳憑
361:,
344:,
313:劉澭
302:,
294:,
281:,
266:,
132:,
95:杜綰
712:.
692:.
680:.
659:.
636:.
601:.
548:.
487:.
463:.
450:.
244:(
230:(
220:(
161:(
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