479:
521:. Invasive species invade and exploit a new habitat for its natural resources as a method to outcompete the native organisms, eventually taking over the habitat. This can lead to either the native species' extinction or causing them to become endangered, which also eventually causes extinction. Plants and animals may also go extinct due to disease. The introduction of a disease into a new habitat can cause it to spread amongst the native species. Due to their lack of familiarity with the disease or little resistance, the native species can die off.
1309:
238:
981:
294:
256:
1301:
504:
Currently the biggest reason for species extinction is human interaction that results in habitat loss. Species rely on their habitat for the resources needed for their survival. If the habitat becomes destroyed, the population will see a decline in their numbers. Activities that cause loss of habitat
348:
The IUCN Red List provides the public with information regarding the conservation status of animal, fungi, and plant species. It divides various species into seven different categories of conservation that are based on habitat range, population size, habitat, threats, etc. Each category representing
352:
As the IUCN Red List does not consider a species extinct until extensive, targeted surveys have been conducted, species that are possibly extinct are still listed as
Critically Endangered. IUCN maintains a list of "possibly extinct" and "possibly extinct in the wild" species, modelled on categories
496:
The current extinction crisis is witnessing extinction rates that are occurring at a faster rate than that of the natural extinction rate. It has largely been credited towards human impacts on climate change and the
1586:
341:
in the wild. As of
December 2023, of the 157,190 species currently on the IUCN Red List, 9,760 of those are listed as Critically Endangered, with 1,302 being possibly extinct and 67 possibly
1601:
1323:
373:
of the following criteria (A–E) ("3G/10Y" signifies three generations or ten years—whichever is longer—over a maximum of 100 years; "MI" signifies Mature
Individuals):
1364:
1209:
1558:
1253:
1002:
944:
103:
31:
1543:
997:
1477:
349:
a different level of global extinction risk. Species that are considered to be
Critically Endangered are placed within the "threatened" category.
1591:
1538:
1053:
1492:
1048:
1017:
959:
793:
334:
209:
150:
1596:
1502:
1043:
1027:
969:
280:
186:
1022:
964:
767:
160:
1581:
415:
Decline in extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, area/extent/quality of habitat, number of locations/subpopulations, or amount of MI.
1576:
1246:
1131:
1126:
538:
389:
If the reasons for population reduction no longer occur and can be reversed, the population needs to have been reduced by at least 90%
1533:
1429:
1012:
1007:
954:
949:
939:
666:
123:
113:
78:
1121:
237:
1548:
1497:
1333:
992:
1667:
1622:
1507:
1239:
785:
17:
501:. This is along with natural forces that may create stress on the species or cause an animal population to become extinct.
1632:
1343:
1117:
488:) is an example of a critically endangered species. Their wild populations have been reduced due to overharvesting for its
724:
1487:
1637:
1627:
383:
The rate of reduction is measured either over a 10 year span or across three different generations within that species.
1285:
418:
Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, number of locations/subpopulations, or amount of MI.
273:
1434:
1097:
934:
760:
227:
109:
68:
439:
Extreme fluctuations, or over 90% of MI in a single subpopulation, or no more than 50 MI in any one subpopulation.
1449:
1338:
249:
222:
1424:
885:
156:
1617:
1189:
1092:
1084:
1523:
1385:
1184:
266:
30:
This article is about the conservation designation itself. For lists of
Critically Endangered species, see
1308:
1102:
1528:
1482:
1419:
753:
699:
255:
1088:
612:
1401:
1113:
1553:
1444:
1149:
478:
1109:
867:
146:
1662:
1454:
1439:
1380:
1199:
354:
298:
638:
1080:
872:
409:
405:
This reduction must occur over less than 100 km OR the area of occupancy is less than 10 km.
166:
1159:
1141:
673:
517:. Another reason for plants and animals to become endangered is due to the introduction of
8:
1359:
1194:
1179:
823:
342:
330:
74:
40:
467:
There must be at least a 50% probability of going extinct in the wild within over 3G/10Y
243:
45:
1262:
851:
846:
833:
776:
119:
88:
1290:
1174:
498:
484:
1154:
518:
1300:
984:
1231:
902:
182:
1656:
907:
796:
311:
217:
192:
369:
To be defined as
Critically Endangered in the Red List, a species must meet
1204:
510:
1280:
514:
878:
818:
338:
134:
64:
53:
392:
If not, then the population needs to have been reduced by at least 80%
293:
745:
506:
454:
The population size must be reduced to numbers of less than 50 MI.
326:
667:"Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria"
1602:
List of threatened reptiles and amphibians of the United States
1266:
1169:
489:
587:
562:
1328:
1324:
Environment
Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
1164:
1072:
358:
303:
433:
The population must decline to less than 250 MI and either:
662:
1365:
Committee on the Status of
Endangered Wildlife in Canada
700:"What Are the Causes of Animals Becoming Endangered?"
306:
with a conservation status of
Critically Endangered.
32:
Lists of IUCN Red List
Critically Endangered species
1587:Endangered mammals and birds of the United States
1478:List of endangered and protected species of China
1654:
1261:
1592:List of threatened mammals of the United States
1220:Pre-2001 categories and subcategories shown in
1493:List of endemic and threatened plants of India
386:The cause for this decline must also be known.
335:International Union for Conservation of Nature
1597:List of threatened birds of the United States
1503:List of threatened species of the Philippines
1247:
761:
274:
1582:List of endangered animals of North America
786:Template: Threatened species by region
1577:List of endangered plants of North America
1254:
1240:
768:
754:
281:
267:
1430:Endangered Species Act Amendments of 1978
697:
477:
292:
1132:The world's 100 most threatened species
1127:The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates
655:
539:"IUCN RED LIST CATEGORIES AND CRITERIA"
14:
1655:
1498:List of endangered species in Pakistan
1334:Threatened Species Protection Act 1995
775:
402:: Reduction Across a Geographic Range
1623:List of threatened flora of Australia
1508:List of endangered species in Vietnam
1235:
749:
698:Chandler, David (November 22, 2019).
563:"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"
1633:List of threatened mammals of Brazil
1344:Trade in Endangered Species Act 1989
661:
337:as facing an extremely high risk of
1488:List of endangered animals in India
24:
1638:List of threatened birds of Brazil
1628:List of endangered flora of Brazil
729:American Museum of Natural History
25:
1679:
1286:Environmental Vulnerability Index
1435:Endangered species recovery plan
1307:
1299:
1210:Vulnerability and susceptibility
1098:Decline in amphibian populations
980:
979:
412:or existing at just one location
254:
236:
228:Lists of organisms by population
1450:NatureServe conservation status
1339:Threatened ecological community
1425:Endangered Species Act of 1973
886:Conservation Dependent (LR/cd)
717:
691:
631:
605:
580:
555:
531:
13:
1:
1618:Threatened fauna of Australia
1190:Ecoregion conservation status
1093:Decline in insect populations
524:
212:Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
1668:Biota by conservation status
1524:Threatened mammals of Europe
1386:Funds for Endangered Parrots
1185:Conservation-reliant species
588:"What is The IUCN Red List?"
464:: Probability of Extinction
451:: Population Size Reduction
436:A decline of 25% over 3G/10Y
380:: Population Size Reduction
7:
1529:Endangered plants of Europe
1483:Endangered mammals of India
1420:Distinct population segment
364:
157:Conservation Dependent (CD)
10:
1684:
842:Critically Endangered (CR)
100:Critically Endangered (CR)
29:
27:IUCN conservation category
1610:
1567:
1516:
1470:
1463:
1410:
1402:Endangered Wildlife Trust
1394:
1373:
1352:
1316:
1297:
1273:
1218:
1140:
1070:
1036:
978:
927:
920:
895:
860:
832:
811:
804:
792:
783:
473:
1445:National Wildlife Refuge
1150:Biodiversity action plan
824:Extinct in the Wild (EW)
725:"What Causes Extinction"
75:Extinct in the Wild (EW)
210:International Union for
1455:The Nature Conservancy
1440:Endangered Wolf Center
1381:EAZA Ex-situ Programme
1200:Latent extinction risk
493:
355:BirdLife International
307:
299:Pygmy three-toed sloth
46:IUCN Red List category
1085:Endangered arthropods
1081:Threatened arthropods
1003:Critically Endangered
945:Critically Endangered
482:The Beluga sturgeon (
481:
430:: Population Decline
410:habitat fragmentation
329:is one that has been
315:Critically Endangered
296:
18:Critically endangered
1160:Conservation biology
1155:Biodiversity threats
868:Near Threatened (NT)
639:"Summary Statistics"
613:"Endangered Species"
499:loss of biodiversity
357:to categorize these
147:Near Threatened (NT)
1360:Species at Risk Act
1195:Habitat destruction
1180:Conservation status
998:Extinct in the Wild
940:Extinct in the Wild
903:Data Deficient (DD)
643:www.iucnredlist.org
617:National Geographic
343:extinct in the wild
183:Data Deficient (DD)
41:Conservation status
1263:Threatened species
908:Not Evaluated (NE)
896:Not fully assessed
873:Least Concern (LC)
777:Threatened species
494:
308:
250:NatureServe status
223:NatureServe status
193:Not Evaluated (NE)
167:Least Concern (LC)
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1291:Regional Red List
1229:
1228:
1175:Bird conservation
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
916:
915:
665:(February 2014).
291:
290:
16:(Redirected from
1675:
1468:
1467:
1311:
1303:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1233:
1232:
983:
982:
925:
924:
809:
808:
802:
801:
770:
763:
756:
747:
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
721:
715:
714:
712:
710:
695:
689:
688:
686:
684:
678:
672:. Archived from
671:
659:
653:
652:
650:
649:
635:
629:
628:
626:
624:
619:. March 17, 2011
609:
603:
602:
600:
598:
584:
578:
577:
575:
573:
559:
553:
552:
550:
549:
543:
535:
519:invasive species
283:
276:
269:
258:
244:Red List classes
240:
175:Other categories
137:
91:
56:
37:
36:
21:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1642:
1606:
1569:
1563:
1512:
1459:
1412:
1406:
1390:
1369:
1348:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1295:
1269:
1260:
1230:
1225:
1214:
1136:
1058:
1032:
1018:Near Threatened
974:
960:Near Threatened
912:
891:
879:Lower Risk (LR)
856:
852:Vulnerable (VU)
847:Endangered (EN)
828:
788:
779:
774:
744:
743:
733:
731:
723:
722:
718:
708:
706:
696:
692:
682:
680:
676:
669:
660:
656:
647:
645:
637:
636:
632:
622:
620:
611:
610:
606:
596:
594:
586:
585:
581:
571:
569:
561:
560:
556:
547:
545:
541:
537:
536:
532:
527:
476:
367:
302:, a species of
287:
253:
247:
241:
214:
211:
135:
120:Vulnerable (VU)
110:Endangered (EN)
89:
54:
48:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1681:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1559:United Kingdom
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1416:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1236:
1227:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1100:
1095:
1077:
1075:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1028:Data Deficient
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
989:
987:
976:
975:
973:
972:
970:Data Deficient
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
931:
929:
922:
918:
917:
914:
913:
911:
910:
905:
899:
897:
893:
892:
890:
889:
882:
875:
870:
864:
862:
858:
857:
855:
854:
849:
844:
838:
836:
830:
829:
827:
826:
821:
815:
813:
806:
799:
790:
789:
784:
781:
780:
773:
772:
765:
758:
750:
742:
741:
716:
690:
654:
630:
604:
579:
554:
529:
528:
526:
523:
475:
472:
471:
470:
469:
468:
458:
457:
456:
455:
445:
444:
443:
442:
441:
440:
437:
424:
423:
422:
421:
420:
419:
416:
413:
396:
395:
394:
393:
390:
387:
384:
366:
363:
289:
288:
286:
285:
278:
271:
263:
260:
259:
242:Comparison of
233:
232:
231:
230:
225:
220:
215:
208:
203:
202:
201:Related topics
198:
197:
196:
195:
190:
177:
176:
172:
171:
170:
169:
164:
154:
141:
140:
130:
129:
128:
127:
117:
107:
94:
93:
85:
84:
83:
82:
72:
59:
58:
50:
49:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1680:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:IUCN Red List
1661:
1660:
1658:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1302:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091: /
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:Least Concern
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
988:
986:
985:WP categories
977:
971:
968:
966:
965:Least Concern
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
930:
926:
923:
919:
909:
906:
904:
901:
900:
898:
894:
888:
887:
883:
881:
880:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
859:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
839:
837:
835:
831:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
814:
810:
807:
803:
800:
798:
795:
791:
787:
782:
778:
771:
766:
764:
759:
757:
752:
751:
748:
730:
726:
720:
705:
701:
694:
679:on 2 May 2015
675:
668:
664:
658:
644:
640:
634:
618:
614:
608:
593:
592:IUCN Red List
589:
583:
568:
564:
558:
540:
534:
530:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
502:
500:
491:
487:
486:
480:
466:
465:
463:
460:
459:
453:
452:
450:
447:
446:
438:
435:
434:
432:
431:
429:
426:
425:
417:
414:
411:
407:
406:
404:
403:
401:
398:
397:
391:
388:
385:
382:
381:
379:
376:
375:
374:
372:
362:
360:
356:
350:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
321:or sometimes
320:
316:
313:
312:IUCN Red List
305:
301:
300:
295:
284:
279:
277:
272:
270:
265:
264:
262:
261:
257:
251:
245:
239:
235:
234:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
218:IUCN Red List
216:
213:
207:
206:
205:
204:
200:
199:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
180:
179:
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
145:
144:
143:
142:
139:
138:
132:
131:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
98:
97:
96:
95:
92:
87:
86:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
63:
62:
61:
60:
57:
52:
51:
47:
42:
39:
38:
33:
19:
1395:South Africa
1221:
1205:Rare species
1142:Conservation
1120: /
1116: /
1112: /
1108: /
1104:
1087: /
1083: /
1054:Appendix III
884:
877:
841:
819:Extinct (EX)
732:. Retrieved
728:
719:
707:. Retrieved
703:
693:
681:. Retrieved
674:the original
657:
646:. Retrieved
642:
633:
621:. Retrieved
616:
607:
595:. Retrieved
591:
582:
570:. Retrieved
566:
557:
546:. Retrieved
544:. 2000-02-09
533:
511:urbanization
503:
495:
483:
461:
448:
427:
399:
377:
370:
368:
351:
347:
322:
318:
314:
309:
297:
133:
99:
65:Extinct (EX)
1317:Australasia
1281:Blue-listed
1103:Threatened
1049:Appendix II
683:10 December
572:January 19,
515:agriculture
331:categorized
1657:Categories
1044:Appendix I
1013:Vulnerable
1008:Endangered
955:Vulnerable
950:Endangered
861:Lower risk
834:Threatened
805:Categories
734:October 7,
709:August 20,
648:2017-12-10
623:August 13,
597:August 13,
548:2018-02-06
525:References
339:extinction
136:Lower Risk
90:Threatened
1611:Elsewhere
1544:Lithuania
1274:By region
1122:Chromista
704:Sciencing
507:pollution
485:Huso huso
1534:Bulgaria
797:Red List
505:include
365:Criteria
353:used by
1570:America
1554:Ukraine
1222:italics
1105:Banksia
1089:spiders
993:Extinct
935:Extinct
921:Species
812:Extinct
408:Severe
333:by the
327:species
55:Extinct
1568:North
1549:Russia
1517:Europe
1413:States
1411:United
1374:Europe
1353:Canada
1267:region
1170:ARKive
1114:sharks
513:, and
490:caviar
474:Causes
1539:Italy
1464:Lists
1329:ROTAP
1165:CITES
1118:Fungi
1037:CITES
928:Lists
677:(PDF)
670:(PDF)
542:(PDF)
304:sloth
252:below
246:above
1471:Asia
1110:rays
1073:taxa
794:IUCN
736:2022
711:2020
685:2018
663:IUCN
625:2020
599:2020
574:2024
567:IUCN
359:taxa
248:and
187:list
161:list
151:list
124:list
114:list
104:list
79:list
69:list
1265:by
1071:By
371:any
345:.
310:An
44:by
1659::
727:.
702:.
641:.
615:.
590:.
565:.
509:,
361:.
325:)
323:CE
319:CR
1255:e
1248:t
1241:v
1224:.
769:e
762:t
755:v
738:.
713:.
687:.
651:.
627:.
601:.
576:.
551:.
492:.
462:E
449:D
428:C
400:B
378:A
317:(
282:e
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268:v
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77:(
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67:(
34:.
20:)
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