361:
393:
330:
438:
3311:
169:
464:
189:
268:
241:
1226:
1359:
1148:
135:
738:
3943:
3546:
2393:
3510:
726:
3953:
38:
3522:
3534:
512:
1073:, where the main court in this level, the Supreme Court, serve as the final court of appeals, although they also have original jurisdiction over certain matters. Meanwhile, the Constitutional Court also have original jurisdiction over certain matters separate from the Supreme Court, but have no appellate jurisdiction.
1668:
or Judges are state officials vested with judicial authority to hear cases, resolve disputes, and reach a verdict in civil and criminal cases. Within the
Indonesian criminal procedural system, they are one of the most important subjects, aside from the law enforcement (police force), the prosecutors,
1462:
were established in 1986 as a result of a Law intended to ensure that people would not be treated arbitrarily by government officials or institutions. Initially formed in 1981 as a specialized court under the public courts system, the State
Administrative Courts were formalized under Law No. 5/1986
1097:
is the highest court of law. It is the final court of appeal for criminal and civil verdicts made in the lesser courts, thus they are able to overrule lesser courts' verdicts. It resolves dispute on the matter of judicial jurisdiction, and hears request to review previous
Supreme Court verdicts due
1827:
or the court clerks ran the judicial administrative aspect of the courts. They keep records of case proceedings, maintain records of cases of their assigned courts, release official copies of court documents, and execute civil case verdicts. Sometimes they are assigned to appear in court to help
1678:
or Ad hoc Judges, retired judges who have the judicial experience and skill to be appointed and assigned to hear cases in chambers for a certain period of times. They are most prominently assigned to the human rights courts, due to the nature of the cases, which might involve active state and
1258:), after which further appeals go to the Supreme Court. They hear criminal and civil cases involving Indonesian citizens or foreign citizens in Indonesia, as well as Indonesian and foreign legal entities who are based in Indonesia or if they chose to have their case heard in Indonesian court.
1196:
process of the
President and/or the Vice President, in which the Constitutional Court must rules whether the articles of impeachment submitted by the DPR to remove from office the President and/or the Vice President is proven or not proven, in order to proceed or not to proceed to the removal
1836:
or the bailiffs are the official executor of the court orders. They often hand-deliver court orders and summons, execute court seizures and safekeepings of properties and their attached documents, and communicate and cooperate with other agencies regarding their actions.
1463:('State Administrative Courts Act'). They rule in disputes involving the state officials or bodies, both within central and regional officials or institutions. The object of all state administrative proceedings are actions – proven with the issuance of a decision (
2511:
1010:
in nature, where the court of law actively pursue the facts of the case and dispute, working closely with other elements of the
Indonesian law enforcement agencies. The judges reach a verdict after examining the evidences, and prefer applying statutory laws:
1442:), such as public drunkenness, sales of alcoholic beverages, gambling, and other moral crimes incompatible with Islamic values. Under this system, the courts are also empowered to deliver punishments not available under Indonesian laws, such as whipping.
3345:
2944:
2884:
3224:
2879:
2999:
2566:
2731:
3094:
2839:
1600:
exercise judicial authority under the
Constitution. Specifically, they exist to ensure the independence of the judges and the judicial system from unnecessary intervention and involvement. The laws tasked the Judicial Commission to:
1471:) – or lack of actions by the government, considered harmful against the interest of the citizens. The courts also hear cases which include civil servants against their superiors of the internal bureaucracy of the government itself.
3124:
1105:
Aside from administration of justice, the
Supreme Court are tasked to nominate three people to fill the position for the justices of the Constitutional Court, reviews laws and regulations lower than Acts jointly enacted by the
2914:
3049:
1845:
or the secretaries ran the non-judicial (general affairs) administrative aspect of the courts. They manage the court's assets and its procurement, oversee human resources, and ran the financial affairs of the court.
2641:
1430:) are vested with special authority, owing to Aceh's special status within Indonesia. These special courts, in addition to basic religious courts' authority, have jurisdiction over Islamic morality criminal cases (
1024:
Indonesia is a decentralized, unitary state, and thus there is no separation between central and regional judiciary system; All judicial system is set on a hierarchical, but contiguous top-down chain of command.
2746:
2636:
3174:
3059:
2859:
3004:
2964:
2864:
2736:
2491:
861:, is not part of the judiciary; they are part of the executive branch of the government, with the state prosecutors themselves as civil servants, and the Attorney General themselves only answers to the
3194:
3109:
2974:
3204:
3154:
3239:
3159:
3099:
3269:
3179:
3064:
3029:
2924:
3877:
3054:
2834:
3234:
3209:
408:
3214:
3034:
2984:
2919:
2801:
2601:
1311:), which hear cases of industrial relations dispute, industrial conflict of interests, prejudiced termination of employment, and resolving dispute between unions in the same workplace;
3259:
3199:
3139:
3019:
2979:
1810:
are government-ran correctional facilities, which includes prisons for adults, women, juveniles, corruption convicts, and convicts of terrorism charges. They are administered by the
3144:
3104:
3084:
2889:
1715:, in which they represent the state and the government in civil and state administration cases involving the state and the government. In criminal cases, they are known by the term
3229:
3114:
3069:
2506:
2481:
3219:
3079:
2874:
3359:
2929:
3254:
3089:
2939:
2869:
1682:
Judges decide cases based on statutory law. If there is no applicable statutes, judges must apply unwritten law and decide cases with wisdom and full responsibility to God.
1550:) hear appeals against decisions of the first-level courts, as well as having original jurisdiction over cases involving military personnel with ranks of a major and above.
3882:
3024:
3009:
2954:
2591:
1401:). Despite the name, they do not hear cases concerning religions other that Islamic cases; Cases concerning civil cases of other religions are heard in the public courts.
3827:
2989:
2909:
3249:
3169:
2019:
3837:
3244:
3074:
3039:
2751:
344:
1736:) function as the relevant authority to prosecute and investigate criminal cases of members of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. The Oditurat are headed by the
3134:
2844:
1576:) with wartime jurisdiction can be mobilized to hear criminal cases of military personnel and reach a verdict against said military personnel on the battlefield.
3867:
1049:) based in the municipalities (city or regency), where the courts in this level have original jurisdiction to hear cases, resolve disputes, and reach a verdict;
2904:
2586:
2581:
2486:
2476:
1202:
479:
2894:
2849:
3762:
2521:
2781:
376:
2531:
2501:
2686:
2381:
1888:
3423:
3014:
2761:
2526:
537:
2359:
3908:
3044:
2611:
1126:
769:
656:
452:
1059:) based in the provincial capital, where the courts in this level have appellate jurisdiction to hear appeals from the first-level courts; and
3584:
2934:
2571:
1565:) hears appeals against decisions of the High Military Courts and also decides upon issues of jurisdiction of the various military courts.
2468:
907:
period. Under the current rules on
Indonesian lawmaking, the type of laws enacted by the government are hierarchically structured as:
3296:
2806:
2616:
2596:
1708:
1697:
858:
102:
17:
1538:) with original jurisdiction over cases regarding military personnel whose ranks are no higher than a captain, and the second-level
1174:
period, as the result of the Third
Amendment of the Constitution. The Constitutional Court have jurisdiction over cases concerning:
3918:
3538:
3129:
2949:
2766:
704:
700:
74:
3857:
2541:
383:
259:
55:
1711:, and vested with judicial authority to prosecute criminal cases and execute court orders and sentencings. They can also act as
1641:
verify, clarify, and investigate the public reports and allegations of judges' violation of code of conducts and code of ethics;
1494:) with appellate jurisdiction from cases heard in the first-level court. The Supreme Court serves as the final court of appeal.
3438:
3119:
2711:
2631:
2606:
2160:
1691:
850:
709:
678:
669:
81:
3832:
3164:
2374:
2350:
2026:
641:
631:
626:
621:
616:
1945:
3339:
2716:
2691:
2551:
2447:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
368:
308:
2969:
2661:
2496:
762:
88:
2854:
2561:
2463:
1107:
3577:
3407:
3380:
3334:
2899:
2706:
2671:
2331:
1787:
1142:
802:
471:
360:
336:
321:
121:
3987:
3550:
3459:
3412:
3149:
2676:
2666:
2576:
2556:
2389:
2367:
1811:
1585:
1523:
651:
636:
602:
597:
490:
392:
70:
1321:) which hear cases of corporate bankruptcy, debt suspension, intellectual property disputes, and bank liquidation;
814:), and the lesser court system under the Supreme Court. These lesser courts are categorically subdivided into the
3977:
3526:
3353:
2796:
2621:
2536:
2516:
2433:
400:
329:
3667:
3448:
2994:
2771:
2546:
1432:
1379:
citizens to resolve civil matters, such as marriage, inheritance, and property donated for religious purposes (
755:
691:
59:
232:
3913:
3184:
2776:
2756:
2701:
2626:
2225:
1170:
903:
437:
897:(unwritten, traditional rules still observed in the Indonesian society). The highest law of the land is the
3872:
3777:
3570:
3493:
2959:
2791:
2786:
2721:
1774:
1405:
518:
2290:
2195:
1914:
2441:
1638:
receive public reports regarding allegations of judges' violation of code of conducts and code of ethics;
275:
3481:
3402:
2696:
1780:
1083:
788:
444:
1972:
1707:
or
Prosecutors are government officials of the Public Prosecution Service of Indonesia, headed by the
3982:
3792:
3747:
3189:
1165:
898:
303:
195:
1862:
1118:), and provide opinions as a constitutional requirement for the President before granting executive
95:
3717:
3712:
3607:
3599:
2811:
2051:
995:
1301:), which hear cases of human rights violation conducted by the government or government officials;
3812:
3727:
3707:
3657:
3627:
3617:
2397:
1346:
180:
48:
3310:
1679:
government officials, and the ad hoc judges' authority may eliminate any conflict of interests.
1331:) which hear cases of fishery crime – that is, illegal, unregulated, and unreported fishing; and
463:
188:
168:
3923:
3802:
3797:
3291:
2427:
1270:
1266:
1184:
Disputes between state institutions regarding their constitutional competence and jurisdiction;
1111:
883:
862:
503:
287:
247:
2343:
Indonesian Constitutional Reform 1999-2002: An Evaluation of Constitution-Making in Transition
2196:"FUNGSI DAN KEDUDUKAN HAKIM DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANAN KAITANNYA DENGAN KEMANDIRIAN HAKIM"
1740:, which serves as the most senior prosecutor within the Indonesian military judicial affairs.
3817:
3772:
3752:
3742:
3642:
2251:
1276:
There are specialized courts formed within the system of first-level public courts, such as:
1178:
208:
154:
2252:"MA: Hakim Ad Hoc Berada di Lima Pengadilan Khusus | Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia"
1497:
There is one specialized court created within the system of the administrative courts – the
1187:
Disputes arising from electoral results, both national, provincial, and municipal elections;
3842:
3757:
3737:
3622:
3612:
3486:
3474:
2741:
2681:
2460:
1130:
1098:
to newly discovered evidence or due to judicial error. The latter legal action is known as
1007:
455:
411:
296:
214:
8:
3897:
3887:
3822:
3787:
3722:
3702:
3692:
3652:
3637:
3632:
1484:) with original jurisdiction to hear state administrative disputes, and the second-level
1262:
267:
1765:
who represent and advise defendants in criminal proceedings and parties in civil cases.
1719:(Public Prosecutor), while in civil and administrative cases they are known by the term
3928:
3847:
3807:
3782:
3697:
3672:
3662:
3647:
1217:
The four subdivisions of the lesser courts hear its final appeal in the Supreme Court.
2108:
3952:
3767:
3732:
3687:
3682:
2346:
2327:
2207:
2128:
1926:
1712:
1349:, graft, bribery, money laundering, and other acts considered to be corruption crime.
1915:"FUNGSI MAHKAMAH AGUNG SEBAGAI PENGAWAS INTERNAL TUGAS HAKIM DALAM PROSES PERADILAN"
240:
3514:
2120:
879:
874:
730:
347:
203:
1225:
3469:
3464:
1115:
1003:
999:
742:
1644:
protect and maintain the judges' professionalism from unfounded allegations; and
1358:
1168:, as well as other functions enshrined by Laws. It is formed in 2003 during the
1147:
3433:
2726:
2124:
283:
1522:
deal with criminal and military administrative cases involving members of the
3971:
3946:
2211:
2132:
1930:
379:
134:
3956:
3264:
2077:
1438:
1193:
255:
737:
1018:
3562:
2020:"Courting reform: Indonesia's Islamic Courts and Justice for the Poor"
2392:
1206:
1013:
998:, inherited from the Dutch implementation of the Roman legal system (
482:
415:
1287:), which function under special juvenile criminal procedural system;
1261:
District Courts have original jurisdiction to hear cases within the
37:
1973:"Kedudukan dan Kewenangan | Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia"
2945:
Financing Policy Committee for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
2885:
Commission on Biological Safety of Genetically Engineered Products
2637:
Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration
1863:"UU No. 2 Tahun 1986 tentang Peradilan Umum [JDIH BPK RI]"
2324:
The Implementation of Judicial Power in the Republic of Indonesia
1070:
2492:
Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs
2482:
Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Cultural Affairs
1630:
Maintain and enforce judges' code of conducts and code of ethics
3225:
Special Task Force for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities
1762:
1119:
887:
351:
2880:
Commission for Assessment of Analysis of Environmental Impacts
3000:
Institute for the Prevention and Eradication of Forest Damage
1376:
1624:
formally nominated the candidates to be approved by the DPR.
1038:
Indonesian court system is set on basic three-level courts:
2816:
2078:"Sejarah Pengadilan | Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Jakarta"
1590:
Other than the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court,
1411:
1381:
891:
511:
2732:
Government Goods and Services Procurement Policy Institute
1817:
3095:
National Information and Communication Technology Council
2840:
Acceleration of Infrastructure Provision Policy Committee
1647:
promoting the judges' professional capacity and welfare.
916:
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945
901:, amended four times from 1999 to 2002 during the early
3125:
National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction
1269:, while High Courts have appellate jurisdiction at the
1209:, who have headed the Constitutional Court since 2023.
1610:
judges) of the Supreme Court to be approved by the DPR
1203:
Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia
1889:"Mengapa Peradilan di Indonesia Bertingkat-tingkat?"
1618:
running an open selection process of the candidates;
1474:
The state administrative courts are the first-level
1164:
rules over disputes specified in Article 24C of the
2915:
Counterfeited Rupiah Eradication Coordinating Board
2502:
State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform
2320:
Implementasi Kekuasaan Kehakiman Republik Indonesia
1946:"Hatta Ali Elected New Supreme Court Chief Justice"
1621:
selecting qualified candidates to be nominated; and
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3050:National Committee on Sharia Economics and Finance
1635:oversee and observe judges' professional conducts;
2955:Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre
1162:Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia
922:Resolutions of the People's Consultative Assembly
3969:
2762:Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency
2017:
1489:
1479:
2512:Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises
2326:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
1779:Prominent law enforcement agencies include the
1127:Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia
1445:
3578:
3040:National Commission on Violence against Women
2752:National Population and Family Planning Board
2375:
763:
2747:Indonesian Migrant Workers Protection Agency
2602:Education, Culture, Research, and Technology
2107:Lotulung, Paulus Effendi (6 December 1991).
1151:The Constitutional Court building in Jakarta
944:Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang
3175:Peace Maintenance Mission Coordination Team
3060:National Council for Special Economic Zones
2860:Business Competition Supervisory Commission
1990:
1956:
1768:
1732:of the Office of the Military Prosecutors (
3585:
3571:
3005:Istiqlal Mosque Management Executive Board
2965:General Elections Organiser Ethics Council
2737:Finance and Development Supervisory Agency
2487:Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs
2477:Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs
2382:
2368:
2226:"Situs Web Kepaniteraan Mahkamah Agung RI"
2091:
1095:Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia
770:
756:
3195:Public Accountants Professional Committee
3110:National Professional Certification Board
2975:Government Accounting Standards Committee
2340:
1887:Saragi, Marry Margaretha (21 June 2013).
1615:receiving applications of the candidates;
882:is a continuation and improvement of the
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
3205:Public Housing Savings Management Agency
3155:Oil and Gas Downstream Regulatory Agency
3130:National Transportation Safety Committee
2767:National Agency of Drug and Food Control
2507:Communication and Information Technology
2269:
2193:
2161:"SEJARAH PERADILAN MILITER DI INDONESIA"
2139:
2106:
1794:
1357:
1273:level, based in the provincial capital.
1224:
1146:
926:Ketetapan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat
133:
3592:
3240:Titles, Decorations and Honours Council
2817:Television of the Republic of Indonesia
2782:National Research and Innovation Agency
2002:
1943:
1912:
1818:Court clerks, bailiffs, and secretaries
1672:Aside from regular judges, there exist
1136:
147:This article is part of a series on the
14:
3970:
3160:Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia
3120:National Sports Committee of Indonesia
2687:National Disaster Management Authority
2532:Women Empowerment and Child Protection
2317:
2194:Mulingka, Firman A. (12 August 2015).
1996:
1886:
1698:Attorney General's Office of Indonesia
1692:Public Prosecution Service (Indonesia)
1579:
1157:Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia
1122:and legal rehabilitation of convicts.
940:Government Regulations in-lieu-of Acts
808:Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia
3566:
3165:Pancasila Ideology Development Agency
2567:Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning
2363:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2155:
2153:
2151:
1962:Bambang Waluyo (1992) pp. 98, 112-113
1726:Parallel to the military courts, the
1229:Pangkalpinang District Court building
1190:Dissolution of political parties; and
980:City Ordinances or Regency Ordinances
138:The Supreme Court building in Jakarta
3533:
3270:Witness and Victim Protection Agency
3180:Peat and Mangrove Restoration Agency
3030:National Aviation Security Committee
2970:General Elections Supervisory Agency
60:adding citations to reliable sources
31:
3521:
3055:National Consumer Protection Agency
3045:National Commission on Human Rights
2835:Acceleration of Housing Enforcement
2345:. Jakarta: Kompas Book Publishing.
1606:Nominate candidates of judges (and
1491:Pengadilan Tinggi Tata Usaha Negara
1362:Ambon High Religious Court building
1353:
1125:The Supreme Court is headed by the
1033:
24:
3235:State Civil Service Advisory Board
3210:Regional Autonomy Advisory Council
2812:Radio of the Republic of Indonesia
2311:
2278:
2148:
1593:Komisi Yudisial Republik Indonesia
1508:
794:Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia,
167:
25:
3999:
3381:Regional House of Representatives
3215:Regional Border Management Agency
3035:National Border Management Agency
2985:Health Workers Disciplinary Board
2930:Executive Office of the President
2920:Defense Industry Policy Committee
2900:Corruption Eradication Commission
2802:National Administration Institute
2707:National Search and Rescue Agency
2672:National Counter Terrorism Agency
2592:Public Works and People's Housing
1944:Triyono, Agus (8 February 2012).
1788:Corruption Eradication Commission
1669:and the correctional facilities.
1436:) regulated by local ordinances (
1143:Constitutional Court of Indonesia
1090:Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia
803:Constitutional Court of Indonesia
786:constitutionally consists of the
3951:
3942:
3941:
3545:
3544:
3532:
3520:
3508:
3460:Indonesian National Armed Forces
3309:
3260:Tripartite Cooperation Institute
3200:Public Housing Savings Committee
3150:Nusantara Capital City Authority
3140:National Water Resources Council
3020:National Accreditation Committee
2980:Hajj Financial Management Agency
2792:Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency
2677:National Cyber and Crypto Agency
2391:
2230:kepaniteraan.mahkamahagung.go.id
2097:Bambang Waluyo (1992) pp. 65, 68
1812:Ministry of Law and Human Rights
1586:Judicial Commission of Indonesia
1524:Indonesian National Armed Forces
1428:Mahkamah Syar'iyah Provinsi Aceh
1339:Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi
1220:
1212:
1077:
1069:) based in the national capital
1028:
736:
724:
510:
462:
436:
391:
359:
328:
266:
239:
187:
36:
3354:Regional Representative Council
3145:Nuclear Energy Advisory Council
3105:National Productivity Institute
3085:National Health Advisory Agency
2890:Company Privatization Committee
2787:National Standardization Agency
2244:
2218:
2187:
2178:
2100:
2070:
2044:
1486:State Administrative High Court
1424:Provincial Sharia Court of Aceh
401:Regional Representative Council
47:needs additional citations for
3909:British Indian Ocean Territory
3335:People's Consultative Assembly
3230:State Civil Service Commission
3115:National Social Security Board
3070:National Disability Commission
2995:Indonesian Academy of Sciences
2865:Central Information Commission
2772:National Archives of Indonesia
2582:Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
2113:Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
2011:
1965:
1937:
1913:Angkouw, Kevin (30 May 2014).
1906:
1880:
1855:
1685:
1574:Pengadilan Militer Pertempuran
1309:Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial
1179:Constitutional review of a Law
710:Diplomatic missions in Jakarta
337:People's Consultative Assembly
13:
1:
3220:Social Security Administrator
3185:Presidential Advisory Council
3080:National Film Advisory Agency
2875:Civil Service Advisory Agency
2807:National Civil Service Agency
2777:National Library of Indonesia
2757:Geospatial Information Agency
2702:National Resilience Institute
2617:Ministry of State Secretariat
2587:National Development Planning
2109:"Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara"
1849:
2960:General Elections Commission
2950:Financial Services Authority
2742:Central Agency on Statistics
2622:Tourism and Creative Economy
2522:Energy and Mineral Resources
1775:Law enforcement in Indonesia
1743:
1653:
1481:Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara
1406:Islamic criminal law in Aceh
1385:). They are the first-level
1295:Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia
1242:consists of the first-level
855:Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia
519:General Elections Commission
27:Judicial system in Indonesia
7:
3255:Trademark Appeal Commission
3090:National Industry Committee
2940:Film Censorship Institution
2870:Child Protection Commission
2442:Vice President of Indonesia
1526:. They are the first-level
1452:Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara
1446:State Administrative Courts
1305:Industrial relations courts
1021:system is not implemented.
994:Indonesian law ascribed to
836:Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara
832:state administrative courts
276:Vice President of Indonesia
10:
4004:
3482:Indonesian National Police
3439:Public Prosecution Service
3100:National Police Commission
3025:National Amil Zakat Agency
3010:Lake Toba Authority Agency
2712:Public Prosecution Service
2291:"Tugas Pokok & Fungsi"
2165:www.dilmilti-jakarta.go.id
2125:10.21143/jhp.vol21.no6.997
1772:
1695:
1689:
1583:
1570:Battlefield Military Court
1476:State Administrative Court
1403:
1140:
1084:Supreme Court of Indonesia
1081:
988:Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten
872:
851:Public Prosecution Service
789:Supreme Court of Indonesia
445:Supreme Court of Indonesia
3937:
3896:
3856:
3598:
3502:
3447:
3421:
3393:
3371:
3325:
3318:
3307:
3282:
2990:Hospital Oversight Agency
2910:Council of Health Workers
2825:
2717:State Intelligence Agency
2650:
2459:
2420:
2411:
2404:
2341:Indrayana, Denny (2008).
2275:Bambang Waluyo (1992) p11
2145:Bambang Waluyo (1992) p88
2056:Freedom in the World 2012
2008:Bambang Waluyo (1992) p42
1658:
1544:Pengadilan Militer Tinggi
1057:Peradilan tingkat banding
1047:Peradilan tingkat pertama
1006:. The judicial system is
974:Peraturan Daerah Provinsi
679:List of political parties
196:Constitution of Indonesia
18:Court system of Indonesia
3658:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3340:House of Representatives
3250:Trade Security Committee
3170:Patent Appeal Commission
3065:National Defense Council
2925:Deposit Insurance Agency
2692:National Narcotics Board
2662:Maritime Security Agency
2642:Youth and Sports Affairs
2527:Environment and Forestry
2318:Waluyo, Bambang (1992).
1769:Law enforcement agencies
1559:Pengadilan Militer Utama
1067:Peradilan tingkat kasasi
960:Presidential Regulations
369:House of Representatives
71:"Judiciary of Indonesia"
3988:Government of Indonesia
3919:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3245:Tourism Promotion Board
3075:National Energy Council
2855:Broadcasting Commission
2612:State Owned Enterprises
2398:Government of Indonesia
1568:During armed conflict,
1399:Pengadilan Tinggi Agama
1393:) and the second-level
1250:) and the second-level
1102:, abbreviated into PK.
526:Chairman Hasyim Asy'ari
3978:Judiciary of Indonesia
3135:National Wages Council
2845:Anti Dumping Committee
2428:President of Indonesia
2018:Lindsey & Sumner.
1828:administer the oaths.
1801:Lembaga Pemasyarakatan
1721:Jaksa Pengacara Negara
1555:Primary Military Court
1490:
1480:
1414:, special first-level
1363:
1335:Anti-corruption courts
1230:
1152:
950:Government Regulations
868:
863:President of Indonesia
784:Judiciary of Indonesia
701:Diplomatic missions of
612:Presidential elections
248:President of Indonesia
172:
139:
2667:National Armed Forces
1795:Correctional agencies
1753:(sometimes the terms
1553:Another second-level
1460:Administrative Courts
1361:
1228:
1150:
984:Peraturan Daerah Kota
970:Provincial Ordinances
912:The 1945 Constitution
533:Legislative elections
220:(national philosophy)
171:
137:
3833:United Arab Emirates
3515:Indonesia portal
3487:Mobile Brigade Corps
3408:Constitutional Court
2905:Council of Engineers
2682:National Food Agency
2572:Law and Human Rights
1999:, pp. 15–16, 34
1395:Religious High Court
1329:Pengadilan Perikanan
1137:Constitutional Court
1131:Muhammad Syarifuddin
1017:is not widely used.
954:Peraturan Pemerintah
731:Indonesia portal
472:Constitutional court
456:Muhammad Syarifuddin
412:La Nyalla Mattalitti
56:improve this article
3860:limited recognition
3593:Judiciaries of Asia
3413:Judicial Commission
2895:Cooperative Council
2850:Attorney Commission
2797:Cabinet Secretariat
2295:www.pn-stabat.go.id
1867:peraturan.bpk.go.id
1717:Jaksa Penuntut Umum
1598:Judicial Commission
1580:Judicial Commission
1561:, abbreviated into
1546:, abbreviated into
1540:High Military Court
1534:, abbreviated into
1422:) and second-level
1347:cases of corruption
1291:Human rights courts
1053:second-level courts
888:Islamic family laws
810:, abbreviated into
743:Politics portal
657:Electoral Districts
491:Judicial commission
304:Regional government
182:National government
3319:Legislative Branch
1723:(State Attorney).
1532:Pengadilan Militer
1420:Mahkamah Syar'iyah
1364:
1343:Pengadilan Tipikor
1231:
1153:
1100:Peninjauan Kembali
1063:third-level courts
1043:first-level courts
1002:), as well as the
964:Peraturan Presiden
173:
140:
3965:
3964:
3902:other territories
3560:
3559:
3389:
3388:
3305:
3304:
3278:
3277:
2722:Quarantine Agency
2597:Religious Affairs
2421:Elected officials
2352:978-979-709-394-5
2200:Lex Administratum
1950:The Jakarta Globe
1919:Lex Administratum
1713:solicitor general
1515:Peradilan Militer
1315:Commercial courts
1256:Pengadilan Tinggi
1248:Pengadilan Negeri
1166:1945 Constitution
899:1945 Constitution
890:, and aspects of
857:), headed by the
844:Peradilan Militer
796:abbreviated into
780:
779:
693:Foreign relations
671:Political parties
158:
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
3995:
3983:Law of Indonesia
3955:
3945:
3944:
3914:Christmas Island
3600:Sovereign states
3587:
3580:
3573:
3564:
3563:
3548:
3547:
3536:
3535:
3524:
3523:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3494:Municipal Police
3323:
3322:
3313:
2418:
2417:
2409:
2408:
2405:Executive Branch
2396:
2395:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2337:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2287:
2276:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2232:. 24 August 2021
2222:
2216:
2215:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2157:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2032:on 10 March 2020
2031:
2025:. Archived from
2024:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1859:
1709:Attorney General
1503:Pengadilan Pajak
1493:
1483:
1391:Pengadilan Agama
1373:Religious Courts
1354:Religious Courts
1319:Pengadilan Niaga
1034:Courts structure
996:civil law system
875:Law of Indonesia
859:Attorney General
824:religious courts
772:
765:
758:
741:
740:
729:
728:
727:
694:
672:
514:
506:
466:
440:
432:
395:
363:
348:Bambang Soesatyo
332:
324:
270:
243:
235:
222:
221:
191:
183:
161:
156:
148:
142:
141:
127:
120:
116:
113:
107:
105:
64:
40:
32:
21:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3961:
3933:
3901:
3892:
3873:Northern Cyprus
3859:
3852:
3594:
3591:
3561:
3556:
3509:
3507:
3498:
3452:
3443:
3425:
3417:
3395:Judicial Branch
3385:
3373:
3367:
3327:
3314:
3301:
3297:Regent or Mayor
3284:
3274:
2827:
2821:
2697:National Police
2654:
2652:
2651:Non-Ministerial
2646:
2542:Foreign Affairs
2466:
2455:
2413:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2353:
2334:
2314:
2312:Further reading
2309:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2288:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2258:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2192:
2188:
2184:Law No. 18/2011
2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2159:
2158:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2058:. Freedom House
2050:
2049:
2045:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2003:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1942:
1938:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1820:
1797:
1782:National Police
1777:
1771:
1759:Penasihat Hukum
1746:
1738:Oditur Jenderal
1700:
1694:
1688:
1661:
1656:
1588:
1582:
1520:Military Courts
1511:
1509:Military Courts
1465:Surat Keputusan
1448:
1408:
1387:Religious Court
1368:Peradilan Agama
1356:
1285:Pengadilan Anak
1281:Juvenile courts
1223:
1215:
1145:
1139:
1129:, currently by
1116:Judicial Review
1086:
1080:
1036:
1031:
1004:Napoleonic Code
1000:Roman-Dutch law
886:colonial laws,
877:
871:
840:military courts
828:Peradilan Agama
776:
747:
735:
725:
723:
715:
714:
696:
692:
684:
683:
674:
670:
662:
661:
648:
529:
508:
504:
496:
495:
487:
460:
434:
430:
422:
421:
389:
357:
326:
322:
314:
313:
293:
237:
233:
225:
224:
219:
218:
213:
185:
181:
159:
155:
146:
128:
117:
111:
108:
65:
63:
53:
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4001:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3949:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3903:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3604:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3567:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3542:
3530:
3518:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3456:
3454:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3434:Bank Indonesia
3430:
3428:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3377:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3015:Medical Counci
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2831:
2829:
2826:Non-Structural
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2727:Bank Indonesia
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2632:Transportation
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2607:Social Affairs
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2424:
2422:
2415:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2277:
2268:
2243:
2217:
2186:
2177:
2147:
2138:
2119:(6): 579–587.
2099:
2090:
2069:
2043:
2010:
2001:
1989:
1964:
1955:
1936:
1905:
1879:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1819:
1816:
1796:
1793:
1773:Main article:
1770:
1767:
1761:are used) are
1745:
1742:
1696:Main article:
1690:Main article:
1687:
1684:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1584:Main article:
1581:
1578:
1528:Military Court
1510:
1507:
1447:
1444:
1404:Main article:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1332:
1325:Fishery courts
1322:
1312:
1302:
1299:Pengadilan HAM
1288:
1244:District Court
1235:Peradilan Umum
1222:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1141:Main article:
1138:
1135:
1082:Main article:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1060:
1050:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1019:Trials by jury
992:
991:
977:
967:
957:
947:
929:
919:
880:Indonesian law
873:Main article:
870:
867:
820:Peradilan Umum
778:
777:
775:
774:
767:
760:
752:
749:
748:
746:
745:
733:
720:
717:
716:
713:
712:
707:
697:
690:
689:
686:
685:
682:
681:
675:
668:
667:
664:
663:
660:
659:
654:
647:
646:
645:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
608:
607:
606:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
528:
527:
523:
522:
509:
502:
501:
498:
497:
494:
493:
486:
485:
476:
475:
459:
458:
449:
448:
435:
428:
427:
424:
423:
420:
419:
405:
404:
388:
387:
373:
372:
356:
355:
341:
340:
327:
320:
319:
316:
315:
312:
311:
306:
300:
299:
292:
291:
280:
279:
264:
263:
252:
251:
238:
231:
230:
227:
226:
212:
211:
206:
200:
199:
186:
179:
178:
175:
174:
164:
163:
151:
150:
130:
129:
44:
42:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4000:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3899:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:South Ossetia
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3597:
3588:
3583:
3581:
3576:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3553:
3552:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3403:Supreme Court
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3370:
3362:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3312:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3281:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
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67:Find sources:
61:
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45:This article
43:
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3898:Dependencies
3828:Turkmenistan
3793:Saudi Arabia
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3549:
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3525:
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3394:
3358:
3344:
2552:Home Affairs
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2298:. Retrieved
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2081:. Retrieved
2072:
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2055:
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2034:. Retrieved
2027:the original
2013:
2004:
1992:
1980:. Retrieved
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54:Please help
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1197:process.
1110:and the
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1729:Oditurs
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1433:Jinayat
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1238:or the
1071:Jakarta
838:), and
800:), the
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2210:
2131:
1929:
1659:Judges
1632:, by:
1612:, by:
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1377:Muslim
1120:pardon
938:) and
352:Golkar
98:
91:
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69:
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2322:[
2206:(6).
2030:(PDF)
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3360:List
3346:List
2467:and
2448:list
2434:list
2347:ISBN
2328:ISBN
2302:2021
2263:2021
2238:2021
2208:ISSN
2172:2021
2129:ISSN
2085:2021
2064:2013
2038:2012
1984:2021
1927:ISSN
1900:2019
1874:2021
1412:Aceh
1382:waqf
1265:and
1263:city
932:Acts
895:laws
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782:The
642:2024
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598:2019
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543:1955
288:Ind.
75:news
3900:and
3451:and
2121:doi
1804:or
1757:or
1505:).
1467:or
1410:In
1341:or
1297:or
1205:is
1108:DPR
986:or
869:Law
846:).
830:),
822:),
652:Law
204:Law
58:by
3974::
2293:.
2280:^
2254:.
2228:.
2202:.
2198:.
2163:.
2150:^
2127:.
2117:21
2115:.
2111:.
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1975:.
1948:.
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1917:.
1891:.
1865:.
1814:.
1791:.
1133:.
865:.
812:MK
798:MA
703:/
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