Capella - Knowledge

2520: 2320: 2739: 52: 2795: 9062: 9086: 59: 9110: 9098: 2218: 2845:; the lines from the secondary are broadened and blurred by its rapid rotation. The composite spectral class is given as approximately G3III, but with a specific mention of features due to a cooler component. The most recent specific published types are K0III and G1III, although older values are still widely quoted such as G5IIIe + G0III from the 2912:, but are confirmed by calculation from the temperatures and radii of the stars. Aa is 78.7 ± 4.2 times as luminous as the Sun and Ab 72.7 ± 3.6 times as luminous, so the star defined as the primary component is the more luminous when all wavelengths are considered but very slightly less bright at visual wavelengths. 2519: 4338:

Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert

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of the two component stars cannot be directly measured, but their relative brightness has been measured at various wavelengths. They have very nearly equal brightness in the visible light spectrum, with the hotter secondary component generally being found to be a few tenths of a magnitude brighter. A

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of spectral lines are a standard measure and these are generally quoted. Capella Aa has a projected rotational velocity of 4.1 ± 0.4 km per second, taking 104 ± 3 days to complete one rotation, while Capella Ab spins much more rapidly at 35.0 ± 0.5 km per second, completing a full rotation

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was more commonly used in classical times. It is the translation of the Greek star name Aἴξ (aix) meaning "the Goat". As the sound of the Greek term for the goat (aἴξ) is similar to the sound of the name for the Aegaean Sea, this star has been used for weather rules and determining the seasonal wind

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happened on April 5, 1974, with the detection of the strongest emission of X-rays up to that time from Capella, measured at more than 10,000 times the x-ray luminosity of the Sun. A rocket flight on that date briefly calibrated its attitude control system when a star sensor pointed the payload axis

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Baldwin, J. E.; Beckett, M. G.; Boysen, R. C.; Burns, D.; Buscher, D. F.; Cox, G. C.; Haniff, C. A.; Mackay, C. D.; Nightingale, N. S.; Rogers, J.; Scheuer, P. A. G.; Scott, T. R.; Tuthill, P. G.; Warner, P. J.; Wilson, D. M. A.; Wilson, R. W. (1996). "The first images from an optical aperture

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was built around 275 BC, at a different orientation to other structures in the complex. Its steps are aligned perpendicular to the rising of Capella at that time, so that a person looking out a doorway on the building would have faced it directly. Capella is significant as its

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sources in the sky. However the X-ray emission is due to stable coronal structures and not eruptive flaring activity. Coronal loops larger than the Sun and with temperatures of several million kelvin are likely to be responsible for the majority of the X-rays.

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described a scale model of the system where Capella A was represented by spheres 13 and 7 inches across, separated by ten feet. The red dwarfs were then each 0.7 inch across and they were separated by 420 feet. At this scale, the two pairs are 21 miles apart.

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Six visual companions to Capella were discovered before Capella H and are generally known only as Capella B through G. None are thought to be physically associated with Capella, although all appear closer in the sky than the HL pair.

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Modern convention designates the more luminous cooler star as component Aa and its spectral type has been usually measured between G2 and K0. The hotter secondary Ab has been given various spectral types of late (cooler) F or early (warmer) G. The

3054:. It has its own close companion, an even fainter red dwarf that was 1.8″ away when it was discovered in 1935. It is component L in double star catalogues. In 2015 the separation had increased to 3.5″, which was sufficient to allow 5895:"Binary Stars as Critical Tools and Tests in Contemporary Astrophysics, Proceedings of the 240th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, Held in Prague, Czech Republic: Classical Observations of Visual Binary and Multiple Stars" 3450:

and its close companion HD 233153 are red dwarfs ten degrees away from Capella; they have very similar space motions but the small difference makes it possible that this is just a coincidence. Two faint stars have been discovered by

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astronomers created constellations that were groups of animals, where each star represented one animal. The stars of Auriga comprised a herd of goats, an association also present in Greek mythology. It is sometimes called the

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was similar to that of the spectroscopic binary, was probably physically bound to it. In February 1936, Carl L. Stearns observed that this companion appeared to be double itself; this was confirmed in September that year by

2995:. Capella Aa has slowed until it is rotationally locked to the orbital period, although theory predicts that it should still be rotating more quickly from a starting point of a rapidly-spinning main sequence A star. 2927:. They have now exhausted their core hydrogen and evolved off the main sequence, their outer layers expanding and cooling. Despite the giant luminosity class, the secondary component is very clearly within the 3078:

The mass of the stars can, in principle, be determined from the orbital motion, but uncertainties in the orbit have led to widely varying results. In 1975, an eccentric 388-year orbit gave masses of 0.65

3026:. Unusually for RS CVn systems, the hotter star, Capella Ab, has the more active atmosphere because it is located in the Hertzsprung gap—a stage where it is changing its angular momentum and deepening its 3455:

in the Capella HL field, around 10″ distant from that pair. These have been catalogued as Capella O and P. It is not known whether they are physically associated with the red dwarf binary.

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Hummel, C. A.; Armstrong, J. T.; Quirrenbach, A.; Buscher, D. F.; Mozurkewich, D.; Elias, N. M. II; Wilson, R. E. (1994). "Very high precision orbit of Capella by long baseline interferometry".

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in its core, a process that has not yet begun for the less massive star. Detailed analysis shows that it is nearing the end of this stage and starting to expand again which will lead it to the

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and the Sun. The pair is not an eclipsing binary—that is, as seen from Earth, neither star passes in front of the other. The orbit is known extremely accurately and can be used to derive an

2288:(WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016 included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included 2624:, the star never sets. Capella and Vega are on opposite sides of the pole, at about the same distance from it, such that an imaginary line between the two stars will nearly pass through 4339:

M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003).

3533:, or "horn of plenty", which would be filled with whatever its owner desired. Though most often associated with Amalthea, Capella has sometimes been associated with Amalthea's owner, a 2565:. It appears to be a rich yellowish-white colour, although the yellow colour is more apparent during daylight observation with a telescope, due to the contrast against the blue sky. 7166:

Nichols, Joy S.; Henden, Arne A.; Huenemoerder, David P.; Lauer, Jennifer L.; Martin, Eric; Morgan, Douglas L.; Sundheim, Beth A. (2010). "The Chandra Variable Guide Star Catalog".

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in its core. Capella Ab is slightly smaller and hotter and of spectral class G1III; it is 72.7 ± 3.6 times as luminous as the Sun and 8.83 ± 0.33 times its radius. It is in the

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Ishibashi, Kazunori; Dewey, Daniel; Huenemoerder, David P.; Testa, Paola (2006). "Chandra/HETGS Observations of the Capella System: The Primary as a Dominating X-Ray Source".

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Torres, Guillermo; Claret, Antonio; Pavlovski, Krešimir; Dotter, Aaron (2015). "Capella (α Aurigae) Revisited: New Binary Orbit, Physical Properties, and Evolutionary State".

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Component F is also known as TYC 3358-3142-1. It is listed with a spectral type of K although it is included in a catalogue of OB stars as a distant luminous star.

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Leggett, S. K.; Allard, F.; Berriman, Graham; Dahn, Conard C.; Hauschildt, Peter H. (1996). "Infrared Spectra of Low-Mass Stars: Toward a Temperature Scale for Red Dwarfs".

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The physical properties of the two stars can be determined with high accuracy. The masses are derived directly from the orbital solution, with Aa being 2.5687 ± 0.0074

2438:, again at Mount Wilson Observatory. Capella also became the first astronomical object to be imaged by a separate element optical interferometer when it was imaged by the 2411:

in November and February—showing that the components were moving toward and away from the Earth (and hence orbiting each other). Almost simultaneously, British astronomer

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in evolutionary terms. The more massive primary has already passed through this stage, when it reached a maximum radius of 36 to 38 times that of the Sun. It is now a

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can be calculated by comparison of observed and synthetic spectra, direct measurement of their angular diameters and brightnesses, calibration against their observed

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had observed its composite spectrum with a four prism spectroscope attached to a 25-inch (64 cm) telescope at Cambridge in July 1899, concluding that it was a

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and spin rates confirm this evolutionary difference between the two stars. Heavy element abundances are broadly comparable to those of the Sun and the overall

2169:. They are in a very tight circular orbit about 0.74 AU apart, and orbit each other every 104 days. Capella Aa is the cooler and more luminous of the two with 3435:

Component G is BD+45 1076, with a spectral type of F0, at a distance of 401 light-years (123 parsecs). It is identified as a variable member of the

2691:, which gives a distance of 42.92 light-years (13.159 parsecs) with a margin of error of only 0.1%. Capella is estimated to have been a little closer to the 6602: 5869: 3446:

Several other stars have also been catalogued as companions to Capella. Components I, Q and R are 13th-magnitude stars at distances of 92″, 133″ and 134″.

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in the past, passing within 29 light-years distant around 237,000 years ago. At this range, it would have shone at apparent magnitude −0.82, comparable to

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Capella has long been suspected to be slightly variable. Its amplitude of about 0.1 magnitudes means that it may at times be brighter or fainter than

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and Polaris, Capella is at its highest in the night sky at midnight in early December and is regarded as a prominent star of the northern winter sky.

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of their spectral lines. The absolute rotational velocities of the two stars are known from their inclinations, rotation periods, and sizes, but the

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Lost Stars: Lost, Missing and Troublesome Stars from the Catalogues of Johannes Bayer, Nicholas Louis de Lacaille, John Flamsteed, and Sundry Others

3847:, "collar-bones", the two pairs of stars denoting a bone each. Used for navigation and time-keeping at night, the constellation was recognised from 8083: 7246:

Shaya, Ed J.; Olling, Rob P. (2011). "Very wide binaries and other co-moving stellar companions: A Bayesian analysis of the Hipparcos catalogue".

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showing an evolutionary track for a star of approximately the mass of the two Capella giants. The current states of Capella Aa and Ab are marked.

7301:"Precision astrometry of a sample of speckle binaries and multiples with the adaptive optics facilities at the Hale and Keck II telescopes" 5506:

Mamajek, Eric; García, Beatriz; Hamacher, Duane; Montmerle, Thierry; Pasachoff, Jay; Ridpath, Ian; Sun, Xiaochun; van Gent, Robert (July 2016).

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X-ray source 1RXS J051642.2+460001. The high temperature of Capella's corona as obtained from the first coronal X-ray spectrum of Capella using

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of nearby stars designates the binary system as GJ 195. The two components are then referred to individually as GJ 195 A and B.

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at Capella. During this period, X-rays in the range 0.2–1.6 keV were detected by an X-ray reflector system co-aligned with the star sensor.

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Mamajek, Eric; García, Beatriz; Hamacher, Duane; Montmerle, Thierry; Pasachoff, Jay; Ridpath, Ian; Sun, Xiaochun; van Gent, Robert (2016).

2142:, made up of the stars Capella Aa, Capella Ab, Capella H and Capella L. The primary pair, Capella Aa and Capella Ab, are two bright-yellow 4490:

Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007–2013)".

2499:) of ~10 W (10 erg s) is four orders of magnitude above the Sun's X-ray luminosity. Capella's X-rays are thought to be primarily from the 6489: 3844: 7628: 7587: 6792:

Strassmeier, K. G.; Fekel, F. C. (1990). "The spectral classification of chromospherically active binary stars with composite spectra".

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Capella traditionally marks the left shoulder of the constellation's eponymous charioteer, or, according to the 2nd-century astronomer

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of the two stars have been measured a number of times, and they are both consistently assigned a luminosity class of III indicating a

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Many observers tried to discern the component stars without success. Known as "The Interferometrist's Friend", it was first resolved

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Mamajek, Eric; García, Beatriz; Hamacher, Duane; Montmerle, Thierry; Pasachoff, Jay; Ridpath, Ian; Sun, Xiaochun; van Gent, Robert.

90: 4713: 9200: 9145: 2876:. Their angular radii have been directly measured; in combination with the very accurate distance, this gives 11.98 ± 0.57 2342:. GAM represented a scimitar or crook and may have represented the star alone or the constellation of Auriga as a whole. Later, 9180: 8049: 8030: 8011: 7987: 7965: 7943: 7907: 7803: 7684: 7653: 7622: 7581: 7367: 6711: 6483: 6445: 5920: 5408: 5383: 2312:

was brightest before this period; it and Capella were situated rather close to each other in the sky and approximated boreal

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Hutter, D. J.; Zavala, R. T.; Tycner, C.; Benson, J. A.; Hummel, C. A.; Sanborn, J.; Franz, O. G.; Johnston, K. J. (2016).

1952: 1889: 2722:. Members of the group are of a similar age, and those that are around 2.5 times as massive as the Sun have moved off the 9150: 9140: 3443:

observations although it is not known what type of variability. It is known to be an X-ray source with an active corona.

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The seventh companion published for Capella, component H, is physically associated with the bright primary star. It is a

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H and L are at the same distance as the bright component A and moving through space along with it. Capella A is itself a

7850: 3537:. The myth of the nymph says that the goat's hideous appearance, resembling a Gorgon, was partially responsible for the 3094:. A smaller near-circular orbit published in 2015 had a 300-year orbit, benefitting from mass constraints of 0.57 7958:

Burnham's Celestial Handbook: An Observer's Guide to the Universe Beyond the Solar System, Volume One: Andromeda-Cetus

6877:"Surveying the Bright Stars by Optical Interferometry. I. A Search for Multiplicity among Stars of Spectral Types F–K" 3482: 2648: 2687:, with a margin of error of 0.3 light-year (0.09 parsec). An alternative method to determine the distance is via the 7113:

Hoffman, John; Günther, Hans M.; Wright, Nicholas J. (2012). "Constraints on the Ubiquity of Coronal X-Ray Cycles".

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2016 measurement gives the magnitude difference between the two stars at a wavelength of 700 nm as 0.00 ± 0.1.

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See §1 for spectral types, Table 1 for orbit, Table 5 for stellar parameters, and §6.3 for the age of the system.

5820: 5312: 3867: 3159: 3144: 2932: 2798: 2435: 83: 2209:. Several other stars in the same visual field have been catalogued as companions but are physically unrelated. 9195: 9160: 6109: 5791: 5162: 4947: 3122: 2751: 2253: 1905: 17: 6948:"On coronal structures and their variability in active stars: The case of Capella observed with Chandra/LETGS" 5074: 4859: 2849:

or G8III + G0III by Eggen. Where the context is clear, these two components have been referred to as A and B.

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with far better precision than the one measured directly. The stars are not near enough to each other for the

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Capella was the brightest star in the night sky from 210,000 years ago to 160,000 years ago, at about −1.8 in

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Keenan, Philip C; McNeil, Raymond C (1989). "The Perkins Catalog of Revised MK Types for the Cooler Stars".

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The two stars are reported to have a 3.5-visual-magnitude difference (2.3 mag in the passband of the

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of either star to have been filled and any significant mass transfer to have taken place, even during the

8103: 5104: 5033: 4889: 4818: 3986: 2285: 1963: 1911: 1865: 6765:(2014). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009–2016)". 2900:, and disentangling of high resolution spectra. Weighted averages of these four methods give 4,970 ± 50 2688: 2292:

for this star. It is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names. The catalogue of star names lists

2025: 2016: 9205: 9190: 9076: 7608: 3981: 3648:"the hawk", flying high above and ready to pounce on Mother Hen (the Pleiades) and the Rooster (Nath). 2834: 5353: 5337: 3424: 3385: 8483: 5091: 5020: 4876: 4805: 3871: 3863:, which covered much of the night sky, and whose orientation facilitated navigation and timekeeping. 3529:. It was this goat whose horn, after accidentally being broken off by Zeus, was transformed into the 3440: 3059: 2257: 1957: 1881: 112: 6733: 5447: 2988: 2260:

with designations GJ 194 for the bright pair of giants and GJ 195 for the faint pair of red dwarfs.

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Stanbridge, William Edward (1857). "On the astronomy and mythology of the Aborigines of Victoria".

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observations—he noted on photographic plates taken from August 1896 to February 1897 that a second

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Rogers, John H. (1998). "Origins of the Ancient Constellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions".

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AGK 3. Star catalogue of positions and proper motions north of −2.5 deg. declination

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VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014)

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Mason, B. (August 22–25, 2006). William I. Hartkopf; Edward F. Guinan; Petr Harmanec (eds.).

5505: 5445: 5316: 3786: 2909: 2905: 2893: 2846: 2241: 2229: 2056: 1859: 1854: 1783: 1628: 1469: 1269: 1050: 8001: 6963: 6845: 6805: 6588: 6545: 6380: 6062: 5127: 5057: 4912: 4842: 4300:(1963). "Three-color photometry of the components in 228 wide double and multiple systems". 4275: 4245: 4161: 3033:

The active atmospheres and closeness of these stars means that they are among the brightest

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of Capella and some have been listed as companions in various multiple star catalogues. The

2007: 7880: 7738: 7552: 7509: 7322: 7265: 7228: 7175: 7132: 7076: 7039: 7002: 6959: 6898: 6841: 6801: 6774: 6691: 6643: 6584: 6541: 6376: 6323: 6276: 6219: 6184: 6143: 6093: 6058: 6021: 5957: 5946:"Application of Michelson's Interferometer Method to the Measurement of Close Double Stars" 5845: 5773: 5742: 5704: 5594: 5239: 5192: 5123: 5052: 4982: 4908: 4837: 4766: 4678: 4637: 4585: 4499: 4469: 4431: 4383: 4352: 4340: 4309: 4271: 4241: 4214: 4157: 3879: 3785:; the Incas held the star in high regard. The Hawaiians saw Capella as part of an asterism 3719: 3625:", from its role as pointing out the position of that asterism. Another name in Arabic was 3522: 3436: 2974:

The rotational period of each star can be measured by observing periodic variations in the

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stars that have been calculated to orbit each other every 104.02128 ± 0.00016 days, with a

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Although it appears to be a single star to the naked eye, Capella is actually a quadruple

8: 7825: 7441: 6990: 5472: 4666: 3933: 3670: 2707: 2577: 2174: 1877: 7884: 7742: 7556: 7513: 7326: 7269: 7232: 7179: 7136: 7080: 7043: 7006: 6902: 6778: 6695: 6647: 6327: 6280: 6223: 6188: 6147: 6097: 6025: 5961: 5849: 5777: 5746: 5708: 5649:; Linsley, Robert M. (1972). "Mound J, Monte Albán: Possible Astronomical Orientation". 5598: 5372:

A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations

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Estimated to be 590 to 650 million years old, the stars were probably at the hot end of

2841:. The composite spectrum appears to be dominated by the primary star due to its sharper 9114: 9045: 7953: 7842: 7788: 7768: 7525: 7482: 7474: 7340: 7312: 7281: 7255: 7201: 7148: 7122: 7092: 7066: 6916: 6888: 6857: 6831: 6721: 6557: 6531: 6392: 6366: 6339: 6313: 5926: 5861: 5857: 5835: 5674: 5666: 5426: 5375: 5141: 5113: 5042: 4998: 4926: 4898: 4827: 4710: 4601: 4575: 4173: 4147: 3756: 3193: 2992: 2983: 2853: 2818: 2782: 2334:

inscription dating to the 20th century BC. Its goat-associated symbolism dates back to

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Weber, M.; Strassmeier, K. G. (2011). "The Spectroscopic Orbit of Capella Revisited".

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lists components A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, L, M, N, O, P, Q, and R, with A being the

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as a constellation called "GAM", "Gamlum" or "MUL.GAM" in the 7th-century BC document

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The Brightest Stars: Discovering the Universe through the Sky's Most Brilliant Stars

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With an average apparent magnitude of +0.08, Capella is the brightest object in the

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rocket flights on September 20, 1962, and March 15, 1963, detected and confirmed an

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has no clear significance in Arabic, but may be an Arabized form of the Greek αίξ

3108:, respectively, for GJ 195 A and B, based on their infrared magnitudes. 9170: 8233: 8208: 8155: 7726: 6972: 6947: 6610: 5818: 4740: 4717: 4492:

VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S

4206: 4169: 4044: 4029: 4017: 3899: 3828: 3703: 3614: 3518: 3491: 3487: 3452: 3136: 3027: 2928: 2842: 2813:

of 111.11 ± 0.10 million km (0.74272 ± 0.00069 AU), roughly the distance between

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after exhausting their core hydrogen reserves and are expanding and cooling into

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observed that the spectroscopic binary had a faint companion star, which, as its

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in English literature. Capella was seen as a portent of rain in classical times.

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took place within a day of the Sun passing directly overhead over Monte Albán.

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van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction".

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would require magnetic confinement, unless it is a free-flowing coronal wind.

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Petit, M. (1990). "Catalogue of Variable or Suspected Stars Nearby the Sun".

3955: 3927: 3895: 3887: 3840: 3836: 3808: 3804: 3744: 3735: 2975: 2920: 2723: 2715: 2703: 2536: 2455: 2450: 2392: 2355: 2166: 2041: 840: 746: 571: 515: 446: 357: 99: 7821:"A newly documented whole-sky circumpolar constellation in Alaskan Gwich'in" 7459:

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London

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Gontcharov, G.A. (2012). "Spatial distribution and kinematics of OB stars".

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wavelengths. This is unexpected and may indicate further unseen companions.

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occurs in all stars when they expand into giants, and binary stars are also

2434:. A high-precision orbit was published in 1994 based on observations by the 9102: 8853: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8581: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8175: 8160: 8140: 7756: 3832: 3748: 3740: 3447: 3015: 2897: 2877: 2692: 2640: 2431: 2178: 1822: 1728: 1697: 1569: 1534: 1410: 1375: 51: 8061: 4626:"Chromospheric activity, kinematics, and metallicities of nearby M dwarfs" 4085:

ratio and C/N ratio have all declined in Capella Aa but not in Capella Ab.

3791:("The canoe bailer of Makali'i") that helped them navigate at sea. Called 2256:

J05167+4600. As a relatively nearby star system, Capella is listed in the

2221:

Capella is the brightest star in the constellation of Auriga (upper left).

8243: 8238: 8228: 8218: 8165: 7997: 7975: 7607: 7395: 6371: 6318: 6210:

Fisher, Philip C.; Meyerott, Arthur J. (1964). "Stellar X-Ray Emission".

5990: 5730: 3852: 3682: 3666: 3476: 3153: 3058:

orbital parameters to be derived, 80 years after its discovery. The

2968: 2738: 2644: 2581: 2481: 2416: 2412: 2335: 2139: 2135: 1802: 1328: 1255: 1115: 1089: 1029: 491: 480: 469: 347: 336: 325: 314: 269: 223: 174: 7772: 7196: 4008:

Pertains to the center of mass of the Capella Aa/Ab binary system. See

9019: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8753: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8536: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8213: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8145: 7500:

Straižys, V.; Klimka, L. (1997). "The Cosmology of the Ancient Balts".

6625: 6522:

Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. (2015). "Close encounters of the stellar kind".

6262: 4297: 3907: 3752: 3584:), which (especially the last) may be a corruption of its Arabic name, 3530: 3079: 3003: 2861: 2838: 2822: 2775: 2771: 2747: 2676: 2561:), and the fourth-brightest visible to the naked eye from the latitude 2147: 2143: 2112: 1829: 1704: 1545: 1386: 1284: 1072: 898: 804: 633: 537: 7838: 7478: 5733:(December 1899). "Variable Velocities of Stars in the Line of Sight". 5670: 8928: 8801: 8496: 8491: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8311: 6594: 3949: 3911: 3687: 3651: 3410: 3371: 3335: 3299: 3263: 3227: 3047: 2944: 2826: 2763: 2755: 2727: 2672: 2585: 2404: 2313: 2309: 2206: 2182: 2155: 2076: 519: 450: 384: 7457:

Bailey, Clinton (1974). "Bedouin Star-Lore in Sinai and the Negev".

6209: 6081: 5761: 5100:

Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties"

4885:

Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties"

4262:

Roeser, S.; Bastian, U. (1988). "A new star catalogue of SAO type".

3677:

and the plants horehound, mint, mugwort and mandrake as attributes.

2774:. The pair of giants is separated from the pair of red dwarfs by 723 2671:(with a margin of error of 0.46 milliarcseconds) as measured by the 8962: 8957: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8839: 8834: 8809: 8737: 8732: 8727: 8722: 8717: 8712: 8694: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8561: 8472: 7677:

Exploring Ancient Skies: An Encyclopedic Survey of Archaeoastronomy

7650:"AEEA 天文教育資訊網, Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy" 7071: 7014: 6893: 6335: 6289: 6264: 6231: 6196: 6156: 6131: 6033: 5970: 5945: 5716: 5662: 5252: 5227: 5205: 5180: 5118: 5047: 4994: 4903: 4832: 4779: 4754: 4690: 4650: 4625: 4580: 4443: 4321: 4056:

the distance between the Earth and the Sun is one astronomical unit

3674: 3655: 3622: 3470: 3072: 3019: 2940: 2719: 2664: 2554: 2528: 2408: 2339: 2202: 2162: 2084: 1354: 7317: 7260: 7127: 6836: 6536: 5840: 4152: 8983: 8783: 8768: 8758: 8689: 8669: 7935: 7502:

Journal for the History of Astronomy, Archaeoastronomy Supplement

7299:

Hełminiak, K.G.; Konacki, M.; Kulkarni, S.R.; Eisner, J. (2009).

7219:

Schlimmer, J. (2010). "Double star measurements using a webcam".

6575:

Tomkin, Jocelyn (April 1998). "Once and Future Celestial Kings".

6011: 4065: 3796: 3507: 3474:, the goat that the charioteer is carrying. In Bayer's 1603 work 3465: 3162: 3147: 3050:

separated from the pair of G-type giants by a distance of around

2696: 2625: 2467: 2343: 2154:(AU) from the first and are two faint, small and relatively cool 2150:. The secondary pair, Capella H and Capella L, are around 10,000 86: 79: 58: 4755:"G. P. Kuiper's spectral classifications of proper-motion stars" 3010:, which are also variable. The system has been classified as an 2601: 2562: 2244:

13 Aurigae. It is listed in several multiple star catalogues as

2096: 9014: 9006: 8978: 8942: 8763: 7362:. The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company. p. 503. 6049:

synthesis array: mapping of Capella with COAST at two epochs".

5357: 5341: 5271: 5166: 5078: 4951: 4863: 3848: 3800: 3707: 3662: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2908:

are most accurately derived from their apparent magnitudes and

2901: 2794: 2680: 2617: 2609: 2508: 2367: 2363: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2116: 2045: 2001: 1794: 1717: 1639: 1558: 1480: 1399: 903: 809: 642: 105: 7298: 7165: 6503: 6175:(October 1936). "Confirmation of the Duplicity of Capella H". 5819:

Torres, Guillermo; Claret, Antonio; Young, Patrick A. (2009).

5029:

Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties"

4814:

Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties"

8586: 5401:

Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam Auf den Spuren der Sternbilder

4337: 3959: 3824: 3658: 3633: 3610: 3542: 3534: 3034: 3022:, but it is still only listed as a suspected variable in the 2999: 2814: 2684: 2589: 2504: 2471: 2124: 2111:

in classical mythology. Capella is relatively close, at 42.9

2100: 1986: 1972: 1174: 928: 7794:. Royal Ontario Museum/Nunavut Research Institute. pp. 6357:

Güdel, Manuel (2004). "X-ray astronomy of stellar coronae".

4669:; Abt, Helmut A. (1974). "Spectral Types of M Dwarf Stars". 3755:. Since it was the second star in this asterism, it has the 8118: 7729:(1942). "L'Astronomie des Incas et des Anciens Peruviens". 7675:

Kelley, David H.; Milone, E. F.; Aveni, Anthony F. (2005).

6821: 4565: 3526: 3007: 2924: 2635:

A few degrees to the southwest of Capella lie three stars,

2558: 2399:

appeared superimposed over the first, and that there was a

2217: 2108: 2088: 2037: 1967: 1915: 1210: 867: 855: 773: 761: 598: 586: 140: 134: 125: 9097: 7652:(in Chinese). National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan. 4722:

Preliminary Version of the Third Catalogue of Nearby Stars

4372:"Study of quiescent state X-ray emission from flare stars" 7576:. Translated by J. F. Library of Alexandria. p. 29. 7376: 6745: 6743: 5691: 4972: 4211:

New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Observatory, 5th Rev.ed

3541:' defeat, after Zeus skinned the goat and wore it as his 2120: 7759:(1907). "Tahitian Astronomy: Birth of Heavenly Bodies". 7545:

Publications of the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade

6927: 6874: 6690:. Lecture Notes in Physics. Vol. 193. p. 202. 6630:"Stellar Groups, VII. The Structure of the Hyades Group" 6597:

data. (The calculations exclude stars whose distance or

5568: 5566: 5475:"Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1" 3644:. Conversely in Slavic Macedonian folklore, Capella was 3506:, all of which relate to its status as the "goat star". 7960:(Revised & Enlarged ed.). Dover Publications. 7569: 7543:

Cenev, Gjore (2008). "Macedonian Folk Constellations".

5282: 5280: 4209:; Jaschek, Carlos (1991). "The Bright star catalogue". 3859:, the right ear of the large circumpolar constellation 3510:

merged the Charioteer and the Goats in the 2nd-century

3071:

spacecraft) although the difference is much smaller at

2710:, a group of stars moving in the same direction as the 2484:+45°, identified as Capella. A major milestone in 2205:

evolutionary phase as it expands and cools to become a

2127:

sources in the sky, thought to come primarily from the

2091:. A prominent object in the northern winter sky, it is 68:

Location of Capella Aa, as the brightest star (circled)

7873:

Proceedings of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria

7790:

The Arctic Sky: Inuit Astronomy, Star Lore, and Legend

7701:"香港太空館 – 研究資源 – 亮星中英對照表 (Chinese/English Star names)" 7499: 7425: 7423: 7421: 6993:(1975). "Parallax and motions of the Capella system". 6740: 6415: 5629: 5627: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5608: 4370:

Agrawal, P. C.; Rao, A. R.; Sreekantan, B. V. (1986).

2647:, the latter two of which are known as "The Kids", or 9074: 7902:(Revised ed.). Hugh C. Cairns. pp. 204–05. 6664: 6403: 5563: 5551: 122: 7703:(in Chinese). Hong Kong Space Museum. Archived from 7112: 6945: 6688:

Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Capella HL

6263:

Catura, R. C.; Acton, L. W.; Johnson, H. M. (1975).

5695:(October 1899). "The Spectroscopic Binary Capella". 5277: 4369: 2391:

announced that Capella was binary in 1899, based on

2161:

Capella Aa and Capella Ab have exhausted their core

137: 131: 7418: 5899:

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union

5624: 5605: 3486:had been identified as a separate constellation by 128: 7787: 5759: 5729: 5403:. Kosmos Verlag (1. Auflage ed.). Stuttgart. 5181:"Origins and ages of X-ray-luminous dwarf M stars" 5023:; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). 4808:; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). 3906:, a ceremonial fish scale, related to Guwamba the 2546:star in the night sky, the third-brightest in the 7898:Harney, Bill Yidumduma; Cairns, Hugh C. (2004) . 7674: 7305:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 6635:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 6171: 6076: 5943: 5766:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 4462:Investigations of stellar coronae with XMM-Newton 4376:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3882:, pursued and killed by the nearby Gemini twins, 3480:, Capella marks the charioteer's back. The three 9122: 8042:The Stargazer's Guide: How to Read Our Night Sky 6791: 6129: 4623: 4133: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4123: 3548:In medieval accounts, it bore the uncommon name 2531:—Capella is the brightest star, towards top left 2146:, both of which are around 2.5 times as massive 6478:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 194–95. 5587:Journal of the British Astronomical Association 4205: 4021:, European Space Agency, 1997, §2.3.4, and the 2675:satellite, this system is estimated to be 42.8 9036: 6624: 5369: 4489: 2440:Cambridge Optical Aperture Synthesis Telescope 2426:in 1919 by John Anderson and Francis Pease at 8077: 7974: 6946:Argiroffi, C.; Maggio, A.; Peres, G. (2003). 6509: 6356: 5814: 5812: 5810: 5808: 4261: 4120: 3765: 3759: 3728: 3722: 180:+45° 59′ 52.7693″ 7897: 7818: 7542: 6817: 6815: 6620: 6618: 6521: 5645: 5222: 4561: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4421: 4264:Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 4011:Volume 1, The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues 3795:"star wreath", it formed this asterism with 3739:), which consisted of Capella together with 3585: 2458:. This pair are designated Capella H and L. 8091: 7245: 7038:. Hamburg-Bergedorf: Hamburger Sternwarte. 6985: 6983: 6881:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 6785: 6244:Philip A. Charles and Frederick D. Seward, 5172: 5094:; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). 5015: 5013: 4975:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 4879:; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). 4800: 4798: 4630:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 4619: 4617: 4615: 4531: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4513: 4424:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 4345:CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues 4137: 2706:concluded that Capella was a member of the 275:+45° 50′ 19.84″ 229:+45° 50′ 22.97″ 8084: 8070: 8039: 7870: 7749: 7388: 7382: 7108: 7106: 7056: 6265:"Evidence for X-ray emission from Capella" 5984: 5805: 5578: 5431:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4968: 4966: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4417: 4415: 3843:(Alpha Geminorum), formed a constellation 3629:"the driver", a translation of the Greek. 3403:+46° 08′ 27.42″ 3364:+45° 58′ 30.84″ 2980:projected equatorial rotational velocities 2935:, still expanding and cooling towards the 2165:, and cooled and expanded, moving off the 34:Brightest star in the constellation Auriga 8800: 8006:. Springer Science & Business Media. 7785: 7725: 7609:Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim 7334: 7316: 7292: 7259: 7218: 7195: 7126: 7070: 6971: 6939: 6910: 6892: 6835: 6812: 6655: 6615: 6535: 6515: 6370: 6317: 6288: 6258: 6256: 6254: 6155: 6070: 5969: 5910: 5892: 5839: 5785: 5363: 5251: 5204: 5135: 5117: 5066: 5056: 5046: 4920: 4902: 4851: 4841: 4831: 4778: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4700: 4649: 4624:Stauffer, J. R.; Hartmann, L. W. (1986). 4579: 4455: 4453: 4395: 4151: 3827:) who sails his canoe across the sky. In 2330:Capella is thought to be mentioned in an 7212: 7030: 6980: 6203: 6005: 5448:"IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)" 5398: 5010: 4795: 4752: 4746: 4612: 4510: 3958:, a model of automobile manufactured by 3459: 2793: 2742:Capella components compared with the Sun 2737: 2518: 2318: 2299: 2216: 9005: 7952: 7617:(in Latin). Reichl Verlag. p. 17. 7159: 7103: 7026: 7024: 6749: 6686:Ayres, Thomas R. (1984). "Capella HL". 6421: 6123: 5499: 5218: 5216: 5178: 4957: 4759:Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 4485: 4483: 4412: 4333: 4331: 4059: 3902:of northern Australia knew the star as 3855:saw Capella and Menkalinan has forming 3292:+45° 58′ 07″ 3256:+46° 01′ 12″ 3220:+46° 00′ 55″ 2651:. The four form a familiar pattern, or 847: 753: 578: 14: 9123: 8020: 7996: 7456: 7357: 6989: 6933: 6868: 6681: 6679: 6670: 6574: 6433: 6427: 6409: 6251: 6248:(Cambridge University Press, 1995) p.7 6165: 5584: 5572: 5557: 5354:NAME CAPELLA L – Star in double system 5299: 5297: 5295: 5286: 5268:NAME CAPELLA – Variable of RS CVn type 5084: 4869: 4697: 4665: 4459: 4450: 4363: 4099: 3014:, a class of binary stars with active 2620:, and the northernmost fringes of the 2296:as applying to the star α Aurigae Aa. 8065: 7926: 7761:The Journal of the Polynesian Society 7755: 7429: 6761: 6685: 6359:The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review 6350: 5633: 5618: 5534:"IAU Catalog of Star Names (IAU-CSN)" 5466: 5274:. Accessed online December 23, 2008. 5090: 5019: 4875: 4804: 4296: 4257: 4255: 4234:Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 4231: 3926:, a lunar crater to the north of the 2746:There are several stars within a few 2702:In a 1960 paper, American astronomer 2503:of the most massive star. Capella is 7819:Cannon, Chris; Holton, Gary (2014). 7248:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement 7239: 7168:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement 7021: 6471: 6082:"Ein schwacher Begleiter zu Capella" 5439: 5370:Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim (2006). 5360:. Accessed online December 23, 2008. 5344:. Accessed online December 23, 2008. 5213: 4480: 4328: 4290: 4225: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4004: 4002: 3811:. In Tahitian folklore, Capella was 3111: 2904:for Aa and 5,730 ± 60 for Ab. Their 2099:. Its name meaning "little goat" in 82: 7394: 7221:Journal of Double Star Observations 6676: 6437:The Photographic Atlas of the Stars 5347: 5331: 5292: 5261: 4659: 3706:, Capella was seen as the heart of 3586: 3024:General Catalogue of Variable Stars 2892:for Aa and Ab, respectively. Their 859: 765: 590: 24: 7932:Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning 7050: 6755: 6440:. IOP Publishing Ltd. p. 68. 5978: 5547:– via www.pas.rochester.edu. 5487:from the original on 17 April 2018 5309:The Washington Double Star Catalog 4252: 4071: 4050: 3831:, Capella, along with Menkalinan ( 3601:"goat"; cf. the modern Greek Αίγα 3121:Multiple/double star designation: 2869:and Ab being 2.4828 ± 0.0067 2762:companions, but the close pair of 2523:Annotated night sky image showing 2378: 2173:K0III; it is 78.7 ± 4.2 times the 25: 9222: 7938: ed.). Courier Corporation. 7656:from the original on 16 July 2011 5760:Newall, Hugh Frank (March 1900). 5454:from the original on 10 June 2016 5338:G 96-29 – High proper-motion Star 4184: 3999: 2971:is slightly less than the Sun's. 2805:Capella A consists of two yellow 2733: 2079:, and the third-brightest in the 9108: 9096: 9084: 9061: 9060: 7891: 7864: 7812: 7779: 7719: 7570:Henry Cornelius Agrippa (1651). 7336:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15495.x 6132:"Note on duplicity of Capella H" 5514:from the original on 7 July 2018 5163:Gaia EDR3 record for this source 4948:Gaia EDR3 record for this source 4671:Astrophysical Journal Supplement 3874:people of Victoria, Capella was 3686: 3521:, the star represented the goat 2770:with components Aa and Ab, both 2407:in September and October and to 2282:International Astronomical Union 882:75.1838 ± 0.0534 788:74.9521 ± 0.0188 118: 57: 50: 7853:from the original on 2018-07-20 7693: 7668: 7642: 7631:from the original on 2017-03-13 7601: 7590:from the original on 2017-03-13 7573:The Philosophy of Natural Magic 7563: 7536: 7493: 7450: 7435: 7351: 6568: 6492:from the original on 2020-07-25 6465: 6454:from the original on 2017-03-28 6297: 6238: 6112:from the original on 2020-11-05 6041: 5987:"Modern Optical Interferometry" 5937: 5886: 5875:from the original on 2017-08-13 5794:from the original on 2020-05-29 5753: 5723: 5685: 5639: 5540:from the original on 2018-07-07 5526: 5392: 5313:United States Naval Observatory 5075:Gaia DR2 record for this source 4860:Gaia DR2 record for this source 4466:34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly 3868:Australian Aboriginal mythology 3605:, the feminine of goat. To the 2568:Capella is closer to the north 2461: 2436:Mark III Stellar Interferometer 2212: 9201:Henry Draper Catalogue objects 9146:RS Canum Venaticorum variables 7982:. Princeton University Press. 6130:Stearns, Carl L. (July 1936). 5762:"The Binary System of Capella" 3819:(Auriga) and mother of prince 2752:Washington Double Star Catalog 2514: 13: 1: 9181:Bright Star Catalogue objects 6593:– based on computations from 5399:Hoffmann, Susanne M. (2021). 5228:"Multiplicity among M dwarfs" 5226:; Marcy, Geoffrey W. (1992). 4092: 3654:, Capella portends civic and 3041: 3012:RS Canum Venaticorum variable 2123:. It is one of the brightest 2081:northern celestial hemisphere 6824:Astronomy & Astrophysics 6524:Astronomy & Astrophysics 6246:Exploring the X-Ray Universe 5858:10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1349 5157:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e 5105:Astronomy & Astrophysics 5034:Astronomy & Astrophysics 4942:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e 4890:Astronomy & Astrophysics 4819:Astronomy & Astrophysics 4032:in the Hipparcos catalogue ( 3977:List of nearest bright stars 3917: 2789: 2580:—this includes southernmost 2445:In 1914, Finnish astronomer 2103:, Capella depicted the goat 613:76.20 ± 0.46 7: 8104:Auriga in Chinese astronomy 7679:. Birkhäuser. p. 322. 7444:'s Arabic-English Lexicon: 7188:10.1088/0067-0049/188/2/473 7145:10.1088/0004-637X/759/2/145 6854:10.1051/0004-6361/201116885 6554:10.1051/0004-6361/201425221 5508:"IAU Catalog of Star Names" 5137:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657 5068:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 4922:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657 4853:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 3987:List of nearest giant stars 3965: 3772:Second of the Five Chariots 3766: 3729: 2933:Hertzsprung–Russell diagram 2829:stage of the primary star. 2799:Hertzsprung–Russell diagram 2658: 2323:Building J (foreground) at 2286:Working Group on Star Names 2201:, corresponding to a brief 10: 9227: 9151:Astronomical X-ray sources 9141:M-type main-sequence stars 8040:Winterburn, Emily (2009). 7920: 7522:10.1177/002182869702802207 6973:10.1051/0004-6361:20030497 6952:Astronomy and Astrophysics 6794:Astronomy and Astrophysics 6051:Astronomy and Astrophysics 5944:Anderson, John A. (1920). 4598:10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/26 4170:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 4140:Astronomy and Astrophysics 3982:Historical brightest stars 3930:, not named after the star 3851:to western Greenland. The 3718:, Capella was part of the 2628:. Visible halfway between 26: 9058: 9032: 9001: 8971: 8950: 8941: 8906: 8863: 8852: 8796: 8746: 8703: 8615: 8482: 8302: 8126: 8117: 8099: 7471:10.1017/s0041977x00127491 7278:10.1088/0067-0049/192/1/2 7223:. Annual Report of 2009. 7115:The Astrophysical Journal 7089:10.1134/S1063773712110035 6995:The Astrophysical Journal 6912:10.3847/0067-0049/227/1/4 6704:10.1007/3-540-12907-3_204 6510:Ridpath & Tirion 2001 6389:10.1007/s00159-004-0023-2 6306:The Astrophysical Journal 6086:Astronomische Nachrichten 5985:Tubbs, Bob (April 1997). 5912:10.1017/S1743921307003857 5828:The Astrophysical Journal 5693:Campbell, William Wallace 5232:The Astrophysical Journal 4568:The Astrophysical Journal 4068:is only second magnitude. 3760: 3723: 3060:Gliese-Jahreiss Catalogue 2258:Gliese-Jahreiss Catalogue 1994: 1980: 1947: 1935: 1923: 1847: 1840: 1815: 1690: 1686: 1527: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1321: 1316: 1173: 927: 833: 739: 735: 710: 705: 701: 679: 657: 653: 649: 543: 536: 504: 500: 435: 431: 404: 400: 373: 369: 297: 292: 246: 200: 151: 73: 44: 7786:MacDonald, John (1998). 6106:10.1002/asna.19141971103 6014:The Astronomical Journal 5007:; see Tables 3, 6 and 7. 4753:Bidelman, W. P. (1985). 4077:The lithium abundance, C 3992: 3328:+46° 02′ 2987:in only 8.5 ± 0.2 days. 2622:contiguous United States 2428:Mount Wilson Observatory 2385:William Wallace Campbell 2280:direction. In 2016, the 29:Capella (disambiguation) 9211:Stars with proper names 8109:List of stars in Auriga 8093:Constellation of Auriga 7980:Stars and Planets Guide 7928:Allen, Richard Hinckley 7358:Wagman, Morton (2003). 6964:2003A&A...404.1033A 6846:2011A&A...531A..89W 6806:1990A&A...230..389S 6657:10.1093/mnras/120.6.540 6589:1998S&T....95d..59T 6546:2015A&A...575A..35B 6381:2004A&ARv..12...71G 6063:1996A&A...306L..13B 5128:2021A&A...649A...1G 5058:2018A&A...616A...1G 4913:2021A&A...649A...1G 4843:2018A&A...616A...1G 4397:10.1093/mnras/219.2.225 4276:1988A&AS...74..449R 4246:1990A&AS...85..971P 4162:2007A&A...474..653V 3972:List of brightest stars 3636:, Capella was known as 2961:asymptotic giant branch 2906:bolometric luminosities 2604:: for the whole of the 2486:stellar X-ray astronomy 2275:; the alternative name 2236:) is the star system's 2177:and 11.98 ± 0.57 times 1741:Luminosity (bolometric) 1582:Luminosity (bolometric) 1423:Luminosity (bolometric) 913:Absolute magnitude 819:Absolute magnitude 687:Absolute magnitude 665:Absolute magnitude 511:Evolutionary stage 442:Evolutionary stage 411:Evolutionary stage 380:Evolutionary stage 282:Apparent magnitude 236:Apparent magnitude 187:Apparent magnitude 9186:Durchmusterung objects 9156:Spectroscopic binaries 7978:; Tirion, Wil (2001). 7614:De Occulta Philosophia 6472:Ball, Robert (2014) . 6434:Arnold, H. P. (1999). 5787:10.1093/mnras/60.6.418 5179:Johnson, H.M. (1983). 3669:, it was considered a 3619:al-'Ayyūq ath-Thurayyā 2910:bolometric corrections 2802: 2743: 2714:, after analysing its 2532: 2492:The X-ray luminosity ( 2327: 2222: 2095:to observers north of 1303:Argument of periastron 1100:Argument of periastron 9196:Gliese and GJ objects 9161:Multiple star systems 8733:45350 (Lucilinburhuc) 8021:Schaaf, Fred (2008). 6475:A Primer of Astronomy 6269:Astrophysical Journal 6212:Astrophysical Journal 6177:Astrophysical Journal 5950:Astrophysical Journal 5697:Astrophysical Journal 5374:(2nd rev. ed.). 5185:Astrophysical Journal 4728:; Jahreiss, H. 1991, 3839:(Beta Geminorum) and 3640:"Thunder's Goat", or 3460:Etymology and culture 2947:star which is fusing 2923:lifetime, similar to 2885:and 8.83 ± 0.33 2847:Bright Star Catalogue 2797: 2741: 2522: 2322: 2300:Observational history 2263:The traditional name 2242:Flamsteed designation 2220: 1270:Longitude of the node 1051:Longitude of the node 902:(13.301 ± 0.009 808:(13.342 ± 0.003 8044:. Harper Perennial. 7707:on 29 September 2009 6136:Astronomical Journal 4302:Astronomical Journal 3437:Guide Star Catalogue 2894:surface temperatures 2781:American astronomer 2768:spectroscopic binary 2758:star. Most are only 2612:(except for part of 2574:first-magnitude star 2551:celestial hemisphere 2474:source in Auriga at 27:For other uses, see 7954:Burnham, Robert Jr. 7885:1857PPIVT...2..137S 7826:Arctic Anthropology 7743:1942LAstr..56..137A 7557:2008POBeo..85...97C 7514:1997JHAS...28...57S 7442:Edward William Lane 7327:2009MNRAS.400..406H 7270:2011ApJS..192....2S 7233:2010JDSO....6..197S 7180:2010ApJS..188..473N 7137:2012ApJ...759..145H 7081:2012AstL...38..694G 7044:1975ascp.book.....H 7007:1975ApJ...195..411H 6903:2016ApJS..227....4H 6779:2014yCat....1.2023S 6696:1984LNP...193..202A 6648:1960MNRAS.120..540E 6328:2006ApJ...644L.117I 6281:1975ApJ...196L..47C 6224:1964ApJ...139..123F 6189:1936ApJ....84Q.359K 6148:1936AJ.....45..120S 6098:1914AN....197..181F 6026:1994AJ....107.1859H 5962:1920ApJ....51..263A 5850:2009ApJ...700.1349T 5778:1900MNRAS..60..418N 5747:1899Obs....22..436N 5709:1899ApJ....10..177C 5599:1998JBAA..108....9R 5244:1992ApJ...396..178F 5197:1983ApJ...273..702J 4987:1996ApJS..104..117L 4771:1985ApJS...59..197B 4683:1974ApJS...28....1J 4642:1986ApJS...61..531S 4590:2015ApJ...807...26T 4504:2009yCat....102025S 4474:2002cosp...34E1599A 4436:1989ApJS...71..245K 4388:1986MNRAS.219..225A 4357:2003yCat.2246....0C 4314:1963AJ.....68..483E 4219:1991bsc..book.....H 3857:shreets'ą įį vidzee 3671:Behenian fixed star 3126: 2854:apparent magnitudes 2708:Hyades moving group 2663:Based on an annual 2596:. Conversely it is 2442:in September 1995. 2424:interferometrically 2273:(small) female goat 2185:star, it is fusing 1995:Database references 1849:Alhajoth, Hokulei, 1664:Rotational velocity 1505:Rotational velocity 768: −428.91 593: −427.11 41: 6936:, pp. 153–55. 6830:: id.A89 (5 pp.). 6609:2020-05-28 at the 5731:Newall, Hugh Frank 5651:American Antiquity 5356:, database entry, 5340:, database entry, 5305:"Entry 05167+4600" 5270:, database entry, 4739:2008-05-31 at the 4716:2017-11-07 at the 4460:Audard, M (2002). 4043:2016-03-03 at the 4028:2016-03-03 at the 4016:2018-09-01 at the 3494:, and were called 3120: 2989:Rotational braking 2984:doppler broadening 2965:Isotope abundances 2803: 2783:Robert Burnham Jr. 2744: 2533: 2354:Building J of the 2328: 2306:apparent magnitude 2240:. It also has the 2223: 2152:astronomical units 1842:Other designations 897:43.38 ± 0.03 862: −417.5 803:43.52 ± 0.01 528:Spectral type 459:Spectral type 423:Spectral type 392:Spectral type 358:Variable type 304:Spectral type 39: 9206:Hipparcos objects 9191:Flamsteed objects 9072: 9071: 9054: 9053: 9046:MACS J0717.5+3745 9028: 9027: 8997: 8996: 8937: 8936: 8848: 8847: 8792: 8791: 8051:978-0-06-178969-4 8032:978-0-470-24917-8 8013:978-1-4020-8319-8 7989:978-0-691-08913-3 7967:978-0-486-23567-7 7945:978-0-486-13766-7 7909:978-0-9750908-0-0 7839:10.3368/aa.51.2.1 7805:978-0-88854-427-8 7686:978-0-387-95310-6 7624:978-3-87667-021-8 7583:978-1-4655-7650-7 7369:978-0-939923-78-6 7059:Astronomy Letters 6713:978-3-540-12907-3 6577:Sky and Telescope 6512:, pp. 86–88. 6485:978-1-107-42743-3 6447:978-0-7503-0654-6 6173:Kuiper, Gerard P. 6078:Furuhjelm, Ragnar 5922:978-0-521-86348-3 5647:Aveni, Anthony F. 5410:978-3-440-17251-3 5385:978-1-931559-44-7 5224:Fischer, Debra A. 4720:, catalog entry, 4109:. Merriam-Webster 3716:Chinese astronomy 3714:. In traditional 3679:Cornelius Agrippa 3673:, with the stone 3430: 3429: 3165: 3150: 3125: 05167+4600 3112:Visual companions 2835:MK spectral types 2252:J05168+4559, and 2238:Bayer designation 2138:organized in two 2071:. Capella is the 2050:Bayer designation 2036:is the brightest 2031: 2030: 1989:J05172394+4550198 1975:J05172386+4550229 756: 88.57 581: 75.52 16:(Redirected from 9218: 9113: 9112: 9111: 9101: 9100: 9089: 9088: 9087: 9080: 9064: 9063: 9034: 9033: 9003: 9002: 8989:Westbrook Nebula 8948: 8947: 8861: 8860: 8798: 8797: 8124: 8123: 8086: 8079: 8072: 8063: 8062: 8055: 8036: 8017: 7993: 7971: 7949: 7914: 7913: 7895: 7889: 7888: 7868: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7858: 7816: 7810: 7809: 7793: 7783: 7777: 7776: 7753: 7747: 7746: 7723: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7712: 7697: 7691: 7690: 7672: 7666: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7646: 7640: 7639: 7637: 7636: 7605: 7599: 7598: 7596: 7595: 7567: 7561: 7560: 7540: 7534: 7533: 7497: 7491: 7490: 7454: 7448: 7447: 7439: 7433: 7427: 7416: 7415: 7413: 7411: 7406:. self-published 7392: 7386: 7380: 7374: 7373: 7355: 7349: 7348: 7338: 7320: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7263: 7243: 7237: 7236: 7216: 7210: 7209: 7199: 7163: 7157: 7156: 7130: 7110: 7101: 7100: 7074: 7054: 7048: 7047: 7028: 7019: 7018: 6987: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6943: 6937: 6931: 6925: 6924: 6914: 6896: 6872: 6866: 6865: 6839: 6819: 6810: 6809: 6789: 6783: 6782: 6759: 6753: 6747: 6738: 6737: 6731: 6727: 6725: 6717: 6683: 6674: 6668: 6662: 6661: 6659: 6622: 6613: 6592: 6572: 6566: 6565: 6539: 6519: 6513: 6507: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6497: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6431: 6425: 6419: 6413: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6374: 6372:astro-ph/0406661 6354: 6348: 6347: 6321: 6319:astro-ph/0605383 6301: 6295: 6294: 6292: 6275:(pt.2): L47–49. 6260: 6249: 6242: 6236: 6235: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6169: 6163: 6161: 6159: 6127: 6121: 6120: 6118: 6117: 6074: 6068: 6066: 6045: 6039: 6037: 6009: 6003: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5989:. Archived from 5982: 5976: 5975: 5973: 5941: 5935: 5934: 5914: 5890: 5884: 5883: 5881: 5880: 5874: 5843: 5825: 5816: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5799: 5789: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5727: 5721: 5720: 5689: 5683: 5682: 5643: 5637: 5631: 5622: 5616: 5603: 5602: 5582: 5576: 5570: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5545: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5486: 5479: 5470: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5443: 5437: 5436: 5430: 5422: 5396: 5390: 5389: 5367: 5361: 5351: 5345: 5335: 5329: 5328: 5326: 5324: 5315:. Archived from 5301: 5290: 5284: 5275: 5265: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5220: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5176: 5170: 5160: 5149: 5139: 5121: 5088: 5082: 5072: 5070: 5060: 5050: 5017: 5008: 5006: 4970: 4955: 4945: 4934: 4924: 4906: 4873: 4867: 4857: 4855: 4845: 4835: 4802: 4793: 4792: 4782: 4750: 4744: 4708: 4695: 4694: 4663: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4621: 4610: 4609: 4583: 4563: 4508: 4507: 4487: 4478: 4477: 4468:. Vol. 34. 4457: 4448: 4447: 4419: 4410: 4409: 4399: 4367: 4361: 4360: 4335: 4326: 4325: 4294: 4288: 4287: 4259: 4250: 4249: 4229: 4223: 4222: 4207:Hoffleit, Dorrit 4203: 4182: 4181: 4155: 4135: 4118: 4117: 4115: 4114: 4103: 4086: 4075: 4069: 4063: 4057: 4054: 4048: 4006: 3788:Ke ka o Makali'i 3781:it was known as 3769: 3763: 3762: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3690: 3621:"Capella of the 3589: 3588: 3400: 3361: 3325: 3289: 3253: 3217: 3158: 3143: 3127: 3119: 3053: 3018:that cause huge 2937:red giant branch 2917:spectral class A 2843:absorption lines 2819:orbital parallax 2689:orbital parallax 2614:Southern Ontario 2594:Falkland Islands 2480: 2447:Ragnar Furuhjelm 2389:Lick Observatory 2175:Sun's luminosity 2063:and abbreviated 2040:in the northern 1990: 1976: 1961: 1909: 1902: 1863: 1792: 1773: 1726: 1681: 1656: 1637: 1618: 1589: 1567: 1543: 1522: 1497: 1478: 1459: 1430: 1408: 1384: 1337: 1307: 1292: 1274: 1235: 1224: 1168: 1166: 1144: 1142: 1118: 1113: 1104: 1092: 1087: 1080: 1064: 1062: 1055: 1042: 1040: 1023: 1021: 1003: 998: 990: 988: 981: 969: 967: 861: 850: 54.1 849: 767: 755: 730: 640: 631: 592: 580: 565:0.0032 km/s 564: 293:Characteristics 285: 263: 239: 217: 196: 190: 168: 147: 146: 143: 142: 139: 136: 133: 130: 127: 124: 74:Observation data 61: 54: 42: 38: 21: 9226: 9225: 9221: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9216: 9215: 9121: 9120: 9119: 9109: 9107: 9095: 9085: 9083: 9075: 9073: 9068: 9050: 9038:Galaxy clusters 9024: 8993: 8967: 8933: 8902: 8855: 8844: 8810:HAT-P-9b (Alef) 8788: 8779:UGPS J0521+3640 8759:HAT-P-9 (Tevel) 8742: 8699: 8611: 8478: 8298: 8113: 8095: 8090: 8059: 8052: 8033: 8014: 7990: 7968: 7946: 7923: 7918: 7917: 7910: 7896: 7892: 7869: 7865: 7856: 7854: 7817: 7813: 7806: 7784: 7780: 7754: 7750: 7727:Antoniadi, E.M. 7724: 7720: 7710: 7708: 7699: 7698: 7694: 7687: 7673: 7669: 7659: 7657: 7648: 7647: 7643: 7634: 7632: 7625: 7606: 7602: 7593: 7591: 7584: 7568: 7564: 7541: 7537: 7498: 7494: 7455: 7451: 7445: 7440: 7436: 7428: 7419: 7409: 7407: 7393: 7389: 7383:Winterburn 2009 7381: 7377: 7370: 7356: 7352: 7297: 7293: 7244: 7240: 7217: 7213: 7164: 7160: 7111: 7104: 7065:(11): 694–706. 7055: 7051: 7029: 7022: 6988: 6981: 6944: 6940: 6932: 6928: 6873: 6869: 6820: 6813: 6790: 6786: 6763:Skiff, Brian A. 6760: 6756: 6748: 6741: 6729: 6728: 6719: 6718: 6714: 6684: 6677: 6669: 6665: 6623: 6616: 6611:Wayback Machine 6601:is uncertain.) 6573: 6569: 6520: 6516: 6508: 6504: 6495: 6493: 6486: 6470: 6466: 6457: 6455: 6448: 6432: 6428: 6420: 6416: 6408: 6404: 6365:(2–3): 71–237. 6355: 6351: 6302: 6298: 6261: 6252: 6243: 6239: 6208: 6204: 6170: 6166: 6128: 6124: 6115: 6113: 6075: 6071: 6046: 6042: 6010: 6006: 5996: 5994: 5983: 5979: 5942: 5938: 5923: 5891: 5887: 5878: 5876: 5872: 5823: 5817: 5806: 5797: 5795: 5758: 5754: 5735:The Observatory 5728: 5724: 5690: 5686: 5644: 5640: 5632: 5625: 5617: 5606: 5583: 5579: 5571: 5564: 5556: 5552: 5543: 5541: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5517: 5515: 5504: 5500: 5490: 5488: 5484: 5477: 5471: 5467: 5457: 5455: 5444: 5440: 5424: 5423: 5411: 5397: 5393: 5386: 5368: 5364: 5352: 5348: 5336: 5332: 5322: 5320: 5303: 5302: 5293: 5285: 5278: 5266: 5262: 5221: 5214: 5177: 5173: 5151:(Erratum: 5150: 5092:Brown, A. G. A. 5089: 5085: 5021:Brown, A. G. A. 5018: 5011: 4971: 4958: 4936:(Erratum: 4935: 4877:Brown, A. G. A. 4874: 4870: 4806:Brown, A. G. A. 4803: 4796: 4751: 4747: 4741:Wayback Machine 4726:Gliese, Wilhelm 4718:Wayback Machine 4709: 4698: 4664: 4660: 4622: 4613: 4564: 4511: 4488: 4481: 4458: 4451: 4420: 4413: 4368: 4364: 4336: 4329: 4295: 4291: 4260: 4253: 4230: 4226: 4204: 4185: 4136: 4121: 4112: 4110: 4105: 4104: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4089: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4064: 4060: 4055: 4051: 4045:Wayback Machine 4030:Wayback Machine 4018:Wayback Machine 4007: 4000: 3995: 3968: 3920: 3900:Wardaman people 3829:Inuit astronomy 3704:Hindu mythology 3632:To the ancient 3519:Greek mythology 3488:Pliny the Elder 3462: 3453:speckle imaging 3398: 3359: 3323: 3287: 3251: 3215: 3203: 3197: 3195: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3171: 3169: 3157: 3142: 3138: 3114: 3107: 3104: 3100: 3097: 3093: 3090: 3085: 3082: 3051: 3044: 3028:convection zone 2982:measured using 2929:Hertzsprung gap 2891: 2888: 2883: 2880: 2875: 2872: 2867: 2864: 2852:The individual 2792: 2736: 2669:milliarcseconds 2667:shift of 76.20 2661: 2637:Epsilon Aurigae 2592:as well as the 2572:than any other 2544:sixth-brightest 2517: 2498: 2478: 2464: 2381: 2379:Multiple status 2373:heliacal rising 2349:Shepherd's Star 2302: 2215: 2199:Hertzsprung gap 2131:of Capella Aa. 2073:sixth-brightest 1985: 1971: 1956: 1919: 1904: 1897: 1858: 1835: 1832: 1790: 1771: 1760:Surface gravity 1752: 1749: 1734: 1731: 1724: 1710: 1707: 1679: 1670: sin 1654: 1635: 1616: 1605:Surface gravity 1597: 1594: 1587: 1575: 1572: 1565: 1551: 1548: 1541: 1520: 1511: sin 1495: 1476: 1457: 1446:Surface gravity 1438: 1435: 1428: 1416: 1413: 1406: 1392: 1389: 1382: 1335: 1308: 1300: 1282: 1267: 1230: 1228: 1220:Semi-major axis 1217: 1164: 1162: 1158: 1156: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1132: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1097: 1085: 1083: 1070: 1060: 1058: 1048: 1038: 1036: 1019: 1017: 996: 994: 992: 986: 984: 977:Semi-major axis 974: 965: 963: 918: 901: 858: 824: 807: 764: 728: 722: 717:Radial velocity 692: 670: 638: 636: 629: 589: 562: 556: 551:Radial velocity 280: 261: 256:Right ascension 234: 215: 210:Right ascension 195:(+0.03 – +0.16) 194: 185: 166: 161:Right ascension 121: 117: 75: 69: 67: 66: 65: 64: 63: 62: 35: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9224: 9214: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9118: 9117: 9105: 9093: 9070: 9069: 9059: 9056: 9055: 9052: 9051: 9049: 9048: 9042: 9040: 9030: 9029: 9026: 9025: 9023: 9022: 9017: 9011: 9009: 8999: 8998: 8995: 8994: 8992: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8975: 8973: 8969: 8968: 8966: 8965: 8960: 8954: 8952: 8945: 8939: 8938: 8935: 8934: 8932: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8910: 8908: 8904: 8903: 8901: 8900: 8895: 8890: 8885: 8880: 8875: 8869: 8867: 8858: 8850: 8849: 8846: 8845: 8843: 8842: 8837: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8817: 8812: 8806: 8804: 8794: 8793: 8790: 8789: 8787: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8750: 8748: 8744: 8743: 8741: 8740: 8738:49674 (Nervia) 8735: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8709: 8707: 8701: 8700: 8698: 8697: 8692: 8687: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8667: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8621: 8619: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8574: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8539: 8534: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8494: 8488: 8486: 8480: 8479: 8477: 8476: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8308: 8306: 8300: 8299: 8297: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8141:β (Menkalinan) 8138: 8132: 8130: 8121: 8115: 8114: 8112: 8111: 8106: 8100: 8097: 8096: 8089: 8088: 8081: 8074: 8066: 8057: 8056: 8050: 8037: 8031: 8018: 8012: 8003:Sirius Matters 7994: 7988: 7972: 7966: 7950: 7944: 7922: 7919: 7916: 7915: 7908: 7900:Dark Sparklers 7890: 7863: 7811: 7804: 7778: 7748: 7718: 7692: 7685: 7667: 7641: 7623: 7600: 7582: 7562: 7535: 7492: 7449: 7434: 7417: 7387: 7385:, p. 131. 7375: 7368: 7350: 7311:(1): 406–421. 7291: 7238: 7211: 7158: 7102: 7049: 7020: 7015:10.1086/153340 6979: 6938: 6926: 6867: 6811: 6784: 6754: 6752:, p. 264. 6739: 6730:|journal= 6712: 6675: 6673:, p. 154. 6663: 6626:Eggen, Olin J. 6614: 6567: 6514: 6502: 6484: 6464: 6446: 6426: 6424:, p. 261. 6414: 6412:, p. 146. 6402: 6349: 6336:10.1086/505702 6312:(2): L117–20. 6296: 6290:10.1086/181741 6250: 6237: 6232:10.1086/147742 6202: 6197:10.1086/143788 6164: 6157:10.1086/105349 6122: 6092:(11): 181–82. 6080:(April 1914). 6069: 6040: 6034:10.1086/116995 6004: 5977: 5971:10.1086/142551 5936: 5921: 5885: 5834:(2): 1349–81. 5804: 5752: 5722: 5717:10.1086/140625 5684: 5663:10.2307/278959 5638: 5623: 5604: 5577: 5575:, p. 152. 5562: 5560:, p. 155. 5550: 5525: 5498: 5465: 5438: 5409: 5391: 5384: 5378:. p. 19. 5362: 5346: 5330: 5291: 5276: 5260: 5258:; see Table 1. 5253:10.1086/171708 5212: 5206:10.1086/161405 5171: 5083: 5009: 4995:10.1086/192295 4956: 4868: 4794: 4780:10.1086/191069 4745: 4696: 4691:10.1086/190307 4667:Joy, Alfred H. 4658: 4656:; see Table 1. 4651:10.1086/191123 4611: 4509: 4479: 4449: 4444:10.1086/191373 4411: 4362: 4327: 4322:10.1086/109000 4298:Eggen, Olin J. 4289: 4251: 4224: 4183: 4119: 4097: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4087: 4082: 4078: 4070: 4058: 4049: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3990: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3967: 3964: 3963: 3962: 3953: 3931: 3919: 3916: 3815:, the wife of 3691:with the name 3652:Astrologically 3552:(also spelled 3461: 3458: 3428: 3427: 3422: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3396: 3393: 3389: 3388: 3383: 3380: 3374: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3354: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3321: 3318: 3314: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3285: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3266: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3249: 3246: 3242: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3230: 3224: 3221: 3218: 3213: 3210: 3206: 3205: 3200: 3191: 3182: 3173: 3166: 3151: 3134: 3131: 3113: 3110: 3105: 3102: 3101:and 0.53 3098: 3095: 3091: 3088: 3087:and 0.13 3083: 3080: 3052:10,000 AU 3043: 3040: 2993:tidally braked 2976:doppler shifts 2939:, making it a 2898:colour indices 2889: 2886: 2881: 2878: 2873: 2870: 2865: 2862: 2811:semimajor axis 2791: 2788: 2735: 2734:Stellar system 2732: 2712:Hyades cluster 2660: 2657: 2655:, in the sky. 2606:United Kingdom 2570:celestial pole 2516: 2513: 2496: 2463: 2460: 2380: 2377: 2301: 2298: 2214: 2211: 2171:spectral class 2029: 2028: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2014: 2011: 2010: 2005: 1997: 1996: 1992: 1991: 1978: 1977: 1945: 1944: 1933: 1932: 1921: 1920: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1830: 1826: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1812: 1806: 1798: 1797: 1787: 1779: 1778: 1768: 1755: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1743: 1737: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1721: 1713: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1701: 1693: 1692: 1688: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1676: 1659: 1658: 1651: 1643: 1642: 1632: 1624: 1623: 1613: 1600: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1584: 1578: 1577: 1573: 1570: 1562: 1554: 1553: 1549: 1546: 1538: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1517: 1500: 1499: 1492: 1484: 1483: 1473: 1465: 1464: 1454: 1441: 1440: 1436: 1433: 1425: 1419: 1418: 1414: 1411: 1403: 1395: 1394: 1390: 1387: 1379: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1351: 1343: 1342: 1332: 1324: 1323: 1319: 1318: 1314: 1313: 1310: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1279: 1278: 1275: 1264: 1263: 1260: 1251: 1250: 1247: 1238: 1237: 1225: 1214: 1213: 1207: 1198: 1197: 1194: 1188: 1187: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1171: 1170: 1160: 1154: 1151:Semi-amplitude 1147: 1146: 1136: 1130: 1126:Semi-amplitude 1121: 1120: 1107: 1094: 1093: 1081: 1067: 1066: 1056: 1045: 1044: 1034: 1025: 1024: 1015: 1006: 1005: 982: 971: 970: 968:0.00016 d 961: 952: 951: 948: 942: 941: 938: 932: 931: 925: 924: 921: 916: 908: 907: 895: 887: 886: 880: 871: 870: 845: 836: 835: 831: 830: 827: 822: 814: 813: 801: 793: 792: 786: 777: 776: 751: 742: 741: 737: 736: 733: 732: 731:0.14 km/s 725: 720: 712: 711: 708: 707: 703: 702: 699: 698: 695: 690: 682: 681: 677: 676: 673: 668: 660: 659: 655: 654: 651: 650: 647: 646: 626: 618: 617: 611: 602: 601: 576: 567: 566: 559: 554: 546: 545: 541: 540: 534: 533: 530: 524: 523: 513: 507: 506: 502: 501: 498: 497: 494: 487: 486: 483: 476: 475: 472: 465: 464: 461: 455: 454: 444: 438: 437: 433: 432: 429: 428: 425: 419: 418: 413: 407: 406: 402: 401: 398: 397: 394: 388: 387: 382: 376: 375: 371: 370: 367: 366: 360: 354: 353: 350: 343: 342: 339: 332: 331: 328: 321: 320: 317: 310: 309: 306: 300: 299: 295: 294: 290: 289: 286: 277: 276: 273: 265: 264: 259: 251: 250: 244: 243: 240: 231: 230: 227: 219: 218: 213: 205: 204: 198: 197: 191: 182: 181: 178: 170: 169: 167:05 16 41.35871 164: 156: 155: 149: 148: 115: 109: 108: 103: 95: 94: 71: 70: 56: 55: 49: 48: 47: 46: 45: 33: 18:Capella (star) 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9223: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9176:Bayer objects 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9166:Hyades Stream 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9136:K-type giants 9134: 9132: 9131:G-type giants 9129: 9128: 9126: 9116: 9106: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9092: 9082: 9081: 9078: 9067: 9057: 9047: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9039: 9035: 9031: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9012: 9010: 9008: 9004: 9000: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8976: 8974: 8970: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8940: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8911: 8909: 8905: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8866: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8851: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8807: 8805: 8803: 8799: 8795: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8774:SGR 0501+4516 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8751: 8749: 8745: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8710: 8708: 8706: 8702: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8622: 8620: 8618: 8614: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8540: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8489: 8487: 8485: 8481: 8475: 8474: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8305: 8301: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8189: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8161:ζ (Saclateni) 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8116: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8098: 8094: 8087: 8082: 8080: 8075: 8073: 8068: 8067: 8064: 8060: 8053: 8047: 8043: 8038: 8034: 8028: 8024: 8019: 8015: 8009: 8005: 8004: 7999: 7995: 7991: 7985: 7981: 7977: 7973: 7969: 7963: 7959: 7955: 7951: 7947: 7941: 7937: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7924: 7911: 7905: 7901: 7894: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7874: 7867: 7852: 7848: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7827: 7822: 7815: 7807: 7801: 7797: 7792: 7791: 7782: 7774: 7770: 7767:(2): 101–04. 7766: 7762: 7758: 7757:Henry, Teuira 7752: 7744: 7740: 7736: 7733:(in French). 7732: 7728: 7722: 7706: 7702: 7696: 7688: 7682: 7678: 7671: 7655: 7651: 7645: 7630: 7626: 7620: 7616: 7615: 7610: 7604: 7589: 7585: 7579: 7575: 7574: 7566: 7558: 7554: 7550: 7546: 7539: 7531: 7527: 7523: 7519: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7503: 7496: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7465:(3): 580–96. 7464: 7460: 7453: 7443: 7438: 7432:, p. 87. 7431: 7426: 7424: 7422: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7391: 7384: 7379: 7371: 7365: 7361: 7354: 7346: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7328: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7302: 7295: 7287: 7283: 7279: 7275: 7271: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7242: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7215: 7207: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7189: 7185: 7181: 7177: 7173: 7169: 7162: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7120: 7116: 7109: 7107: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7053: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7027: 7025: 7016: 7012: 7008: 7004: 7000: 6996: 6992: 6986: 6984: 6974: 6969: 6965: 6961: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6942: 6935: 6930: 6922: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6904: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6878: 6871: 6863: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6847: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6818: 6816: 6807: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6788: 6780: 6776: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6758: 6751: 6746: 6744: 6735: 6723: 6715: 6709: 6705: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6682: 6680: 6672: 6667: 6658: 6653: 6649: 6645: 6642:(6): 540–62. 6641: 6637: 6636: 6631: 6627: 6621: 6619: 6612: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6599:proper motion 6596: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6578: 6571: 6563: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6529: 6525: 6518: 6511: 6506: 6491: 6487: 6481: 6477: 6476: 6468: 6453: 6449: 6443: 6439: 6438: 6430: 6423: 6418: 6411: 6406: 6398: 6394: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6353: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6300: 6291: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6259: 6257: 6255: 6247: 6241: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6218:(1): 123–42. 6217: 6213: 6206: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6178: 6174: 6168: 6158: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6142:(1048): 120. 6141: 6137: 6133: 6126: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6088:(in German). 6087: 6083: 6079: 6073: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6044: 6035: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6008: 5993:on 2017-04-20 5992: 5988: 5981: 5972: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5940: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5889: 5871: 5867: 5863: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5822: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5772:(6): 418–20. 5771: 5767: 5763: 5756: 5748: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5726: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5688: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5657:(4): 528–31. 5656: 5652: 5648: 5642: 5636:, p. 86. 5635: 5630: 5628: 5621:, p. 88. 5620: 5615: 5613: 5611: 5609: 5600: 5596: 5592: 5588: 5581: 5574: 5569: 5567: 5559: 5554: 5539: 5535: 5529: 5513: 5509: 5502: 5483: 5476: 5469: 5453: 5449: 5442: 5434: 5428: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5406: 5402: 5395: 5387: 5381: 5377: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5355: 5350: 5343: 5339: 5334: 5319:on 2011-08-16 5318: 5314: 5310: 5306: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5289:, p. 46. 5288: 5283: 5281: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5254: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5229: 5225: 5219: 5217: 5207: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5175: 5168: 5164: 5158: 5154: 5147: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5106: 5101: 5099: 5093: 5087: 5080: 5076: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5035: 5030: 5028: 5022: 5016: 5014: 5004: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4976: 4969: 4967: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4939: 4932: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4886: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4865: 4861: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4820: 4815: 4813: 4807: 4801: 4799: 4790: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4756: 4749: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4712: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4662: 4652: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4514: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4486: 4484: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4456: 4454: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4418: 4416: 4407: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4366: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4334: 4332: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4258: 4256: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4228: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4146:(2): 653–64. 4145: 4141: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4108: 4102: 4098: 4074: 4067: 4062: 4053: 4046: 4042: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4024: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4012: 4005: 4003: 3998: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3969: 3961: 3957: 3956:Mazda Capella 3954: 3951: 3947: 3945: 3939: 3938: (AK-13) 3937: 3932: 3929: 3928:Mare Nectaris 3925: 3922: 3921: 3915: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3864: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3789: 3784: 3780: 3775: 3773: 3768: 3758: 3754: 3751:, as well as 3750: 3746: 3745:Theta Aurigae 3742: 3738: 3737: 3736:Five Chariots 3731: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3712:Brahma Hṛdaya 3709: 3705: 3700: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3593: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3525:that suckled 3524: 3520: 3515: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3484: 3479: 3478: 3473: 3472: 3467: 3457: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3405: 3402: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3373: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3339: 3337: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3303: 3301: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3201: 3199: 3192: 3183: 3174: 3167: 3164: 3161: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3140: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3109: 3086: 3076: 3074: 3070: 3069: 3063: 3061: 3057: 3049: 3039: 3036: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3016:chromospheres 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2996: 2994: 2990: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2921:main-sequence 2919:during their 2918: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2884: 2868: 2858: 2855: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2830: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2800: 2796: 2787: 2784: 2779: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2760:line-of-sight 2757: 2753: 2749: 2740: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2724:main sequence 2721: 2717: 2716:proper motion 2713: 2709: 2705: 2704:Olin J. Eggen 2700: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2656: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2633: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2538: 2537:constellation 2530: 2526: 2521: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2495: 2490: 2487: 2483: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2459: 2457: 2456:Gerard Kuiper 2452: 2451:proper motion 2448: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2420: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2401:doppler shift 2398: 2394: 2393:spectroscopic 2390: 2386: 2376: 2374: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2356:pre-Columbian 2352: 2350: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2326: 2321: 2317: 2316:at the time. 2315: 2311: 2307: 2297: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2234:Alpha Aurigae 2231: 2227: 2219: 2210: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2167:main sequence 2164: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2132: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2107:that suckled 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2061:Alpha Aurigae 2058: 2054: 2051: 2048:. It has the 2047: 2043: 2042:constellation 2039: 2035: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2003: 1999: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1979: 1974: 1970: 14788, 1969: 1966: 11622, 1965: 1959: 1955: 47938, 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1917: 1914: 11619, 1913: 1907: 1900: 1895: 1892: 47925, 1891: 1888: 40186, 1887: 1883: 1880: 24608, 1879: 1876: 34029, 1875: 1871: 1867: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1846: 1843: 1839: 1836: 1827: 1825: 1824: 1820: 1819: 1814: 1811: 1807: 1805: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1796: 1788: 1786: 1785: 1781: 1780: 1777: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1753: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1735: 1722: 1720: 1719: 1715: 1714: 1711: 1702: 1700: 1699: 1695: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1682:0.5 km/s 1677: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1660: 1652: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1644: 1641: 1633: 1631: 1630: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1576: 1563: 1561: 1560: 1556: 1555: 1552: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1526: 1523:0.4 km/s 1518: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1493: 1491: 1490: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1474: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1455: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1439: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1397: 1396: 1393: 1380: 1378: 1377: 1373: 1372: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1356: 1353:590–650 1352: 1350: 1349: 1345: 1344: 1341: 1333: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1311: 1306: 1304: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1281: 1280: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1259: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1206: 1204: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1172: 1161: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1137: 1128: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1108: 1103: 1101: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1069: 1068: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1046: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1016: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1007: 1002: 999:0.00069 983: 980: 978: 973: 972: 962: 960: 958: 954: 953: 949: 947: 944: 943: 939: 937: 934: 933: 930: 926: 922: 920: 914: 910: 909: 905: 900: 896: 894: 893: 889: 888: 885: 881: 879: 877: 873: 872: 869: 865: 857: 853: 846: 844: 842: 841:Proper motion 838: 837: 832: 828: 826: 820: 816: 815: 811: 806: 802: 800: 799: 795: 794: 791: 787: 785: 783: 779: 778: 775: 771: 763: 759: 752: 750: 748: 747:Proper motion 744: 743: 738: 734: 726: 724: 718: 714: 713: 709: 704: 700: 696: 694: 688: 684: 683: 678: 674: 672: 666: 662: 661: 656: 652: 648: 644: 635: 627: 625: 624: 620: 619: 616: 612: 610: 608: 604: 603: 600: 596: 588: 584: 577: 575: 573: 572:Proper motion 569: 568: 560: 558: 552: 548: 547: 542: 539: 535: 531: 529: 526: 525: 521: 517: 516:Main sequence 514: 512: 509: 508: 503: 499: 495: 493: 489: 488: 484: 482: 478: 477: 473: 471: 467: 466: 462: 460: 457: 456: 452: 448: 447:Main sequence 445: 443: 440: 439: 434: 430: 426: 424: 421: 420: 417: 414: 412: 409: 408: 403: 399: 395: 393: 390: 389: 386: 383: 381: 378: 377: 372: 368: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 351: 349: 345: 344: 340: 338: 334: 333: 329: 327: 323: 322: 318: 316: 312: 311: 307: 305: 302: 301: 296: 291: 287: 283: 279: 278: 274: 272: 271: 267: 266: 260: 258: 257: 253: 252: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 232: 228: 226: 225: 221: 220: 214: 212: 211: 207: 206: 203: 199: 192: 188: 184: 183: 179: 177: 176: 172: 171: 165: 163: 162: 158: 157: 154: 150: 145: 116: 114: 113:Pronunciation 111: 110: 107: 104: 102: 101: 100:Constellation 97: 96: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 72: 60: 53: 43: 37: 30: 19: 8471: 8187: 8176:ι (Hassaleh) 8135: 8058: 8041: 8022: 8002: 7998:Brosch, Noah 7979: 7976:Ridpath, Ian 7957: 7931: 7899: 7893: 7876: 7872: 7866: 7855:. Retrieved 7830: 7824: 7814: 7789: 7781: 7764: 7760: 7751: 7734: 7731:L'Astronomie 7730: 7721: 7709:. Retrieved 7705:the original 7695: 7676: 7670: 7658:. Retrieved 7644: 7633:. Retrieved 7613: 7603: 7592:. Retrieved 7572: 7565: 7548: 7544: 7538: 7505: 7501: 7495: 7462: 7458: 7452: 7437: 7408:. Retrieved 7403: 7396:Ridpath, Ian 7390: 7378: 7359: 7353: 7308: 7304: 7294: 7251: 7247: 7241: 7224: 7220: 7214: 7197:1721.1/95684 7171: 7167: 7161: 7118: 7114: 7062: 7058: 7052: 7035: 7032:Heckmann, O. 6998: 6994: 6991:Heintz, W.D. 6955: 6951: 6941: 6929: 6884: 6880: 6870: 6827: 6823: 6797: 6793: 6787: 6770: 6766: 6757: 6750:Burnham 1978 6687: 6666: 6639: 6633: 6583:(4): 59–63. 6580: 6576: 6570: 6527: 6523: 6517: 6505: 6494:. Retrieved 6474: 6467: 6456:. Retrieved 6436: 6429: 6422:Burnham 1978 6417: 6405: 6362: 6358: 6352: 6309: 6305: 6299: 6272: 6268: 6245: 6240: 6215: 6211: 6205: 6180: 6176: 6167: 6139: 6135: 6125: 6114:. Retrieved 6089: 6085: 6072: 6054: 6050: 6043: 6017: 6013: 6007: 5995:. Retrieved 5991:the original 5980: 5953: 5949: 5939: 5902: 5898: 5888: 5877:. Retrieved 5831: 5827: 5796:. Retrieved 5769: 5765: 5755: 5738: 5734: 5725: 5700: 5696: 5687: 5654: 5650: 5641: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5553: 5542:. Retrieved 5528: 5516:. Retrieved 5501: 5489:. Retrieved 5468: 5456:. Retrieved 5441: 5400: 5394: 5371: 5365: 5349: 5333: 5321:. Retrieved 5317:the original 5308: 5263: 5235: 5231: 5188: 5184: 5174: 5109: 5103: 5097: 5086: 5038: 5032: 5026: 4978: 4974: 4894: 4888: 4882: 4871: 4823: 4817: 4811: 4762: 4758: 4748: 4721: 4674: 4670: 4661: 4633: 4629: 4571: 4567: 4495: 4491: 4465: 4461: 4427: 4423: 4379: 4375: 4365: 4348: 4344: 4305: 4301: 4292: 4267: 4263: 4237: 4233: 4227: 4210: 4143: 4139: 4111:. Retrieved 4101: 4073: 4061: 4052: 4009: 3943: 3935: 3903: 3891: 3883: 3875: 3865: 3860: 3856: 3833:Beta Aurigae 3820: 3816: 3812: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3776: 3771: 3757:Chinese name 3749:Iota Aurigae 3741:Beta Aurigae 3734: 3711: 3701: 3696: 3692: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3638:Perkūno Ožka 3637: 3631: 3626: 3618: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3591: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3547: 3516: 3511: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3481: 3475: 3469: 3463: 3448:V538 Aurigae 3445: 3434: 3431: 3399:05 16 31.852 3360:05 16 48.748 3115: 3077: 3067: 3064: 3055: 3045: 3032: 2997: 2973: 2914: 2859: 2851: 2831: 2804: 2780: 2745: 2701: 2693:Solar System 2662: 2641:Zeta Aurigae 2634: 2630:Orion's Belt 2567: 2534: 2493: 2491: 2465: 2462:X-ray source 2444: 2432:Solar System 2421: 2382: 2353: 2348: 2329: 2303: 2293: 2289: 2284:organized a 2276: 2272: 2264: 2262: 2233: 2225: 2224: 2213:Nomenclature 2160: 2140:binary pairs 2133: 2075:star in the 2068: 2064: 2060: 2052: 2033: 2032: 2000: 1981: 1948: 1936: 1924: 1918: 14766 1896: 3841, 1884: 1708, 1872: 6427, 1821: 1801: 1782: 1763: 1758: 1740: 1716: 1696: 1671: 1667: 1662: 1646: 1627: 1608: 1603: 1581: 1557: 1544:0.0067 1533: 1512: 1508: 1503: 1487: 1468: 1449: 1444: 1422: 1398: 1385:0.0074 1374: 1346: 1327: 1301: 1283: 1268: 1254: 1243:Eccentricity 1241: 1218: 1201: 1191: 1181: 1150: 1124: 1098: 1071: 1049: 1028: 1011:Eccentricity 1009: 975: 955: 945: 935: 911: 890: 874: 839: 817: 796: 780: 745: 715: 685: 663: 621: 605: 570: 549: 365:(suspected) 268: 262:05 17 23.943 254: 247: 222: 216:05 17 23.728 208: 201: 173: 159: 152: 98: 36: 9115:Outer space 8171:θ (Mahasim) 8136:α (Capella) 7711:31 December 7660:31 December 7508:(22): S57. 6958:(3): 1033. 6934:Schaaf 2008 6671:Schaaf 2008 6410:Schaaf 2008 6057:: L13–L16. 5593:(1): 9–28. 5573:Schaaf 2008 5558:Schaaf 2008 5323:24 December 5287:Brosch 2008 3946:(T-AKR-293) 3770:; English: 3733:; English: 3695:(Latin for 3683:kabbalistic 3681:listed its 3667:Middle Ages 3477:Uranometria 3190:to primary) 3154:Declination 2969:metallicity 2772:giant stars 2677:light-years 2645:Eta Aurigae 2616:), most of 2598:circumpolar 2582:New Zealand 2515:Observation 2417:binary star 2413:Hugh Newall 2360:Monte Albán 2336:Mesopotamia 2325:Monte Albán 2308:. At −1.1, 2181:. An aging 2144:giant stars 2136:star system 2119:) from the 2115:(13.2 2113:light-years 2093:circumpolar 2055:, which is 1901:J05168+4559 1868: 193, 1803:Metallicity 1784:Temperature 1629:Temperature 1619:0.032 1470:Temperature 1460:0.041 1329:Metallicity 1309:(secondary) 1256:Inclination 1159:(secondary) 1084:2,448,147.6 1030:Inclination 641:0.015 632:0.049 492:color index 481:color index 470:color index 348:color index 337:color index 326:color index 315:color index 270:Declination 224:Declination 175:Declination 9125:Categories 8924:Messier 38 8919:Messier 37 8914:Messier 36 8830:HD 49674 b 8825:HD 45350 b 8820:HD 43691 b 8815:HD 40979 b 8802:Exoplanets 8754:Gliese 268 8166:η (Haedus) 8156:ε (Almaaz) 8146:γ (Elnath) 7857:2017-06-22 7833:(2): 1–8. 7737:: 137–39. 7635:2017-03-13 7594:2017-03-13 7551:: 97–109. 7430:Allen 2013 7404:Star Tales 7227:(3): 197. 7174:(2): 473. 7121:(2): 145. 7072:1606.09028 6894:1609.05254 6496:2020-05-27 6458:2017-03-27 6116:2020-09-30 5956:: 263–75. 5905:: 88–96 . 5879:2018-11-04 5798:2019-08-27 5741:: 436–37. 5634:Allen 2013 5619:Allen 2013 5544:2016-08-14 5419:1243068585 5119:2012.01533 5048:1804.09365 4904:2012.01533 4833:1804.09365 4581:1505.07461 4498:: B/GCVS. 4382:(2): 225. 4351:: II/246. 4113:2022-05-09 4093:References 3908:barramundi 3813:Tahi-ari'i 3753:Beta Tauri 3617:, Capella 3531:Cornucopia 3288:05 16 40.1 3252:05 16 35.9 3216:05 16 42.7 3204:reference 3172:separation 3042:Capella HL 3004:Betelgeuse 2839:giant star 2823:Roche lobe 2764:red dwarfs 2748:arcminutes 2728:red giants 2468:Aerobee-Hi 2383:Professor 2314:pole stars 2179:its radius 2156:red dwarfs 2148:as the Sun 1908:05167+4600 1855:13 Aurigae 1828:0.53 1808:+0.1 1774:0.05 1762:(log 1745:0.05 1727:0.03 1703:0.57 1607:(log 1568:0.33 1448:(log 1409:0.57 1338:0.06 1285:Periastron 1073:Periastron 538:Astrometry 9091:Astronomy 9020:4C +41.17 8929:Palomar 2 8304:Flamsteed 8025:. Wiley. 7930:(2013) . 7847:164631823 7611:(1967) . 7530:117470993 7487:131527348 7318:0908.3468 7286:119226823 7261:1007.0425 7153:118365710 7128:1209.5101 7097:119108982 6921:118803592 6862:119184231 6837:1104.0342 6732:ignored ( 6722:cite book 6595:Hipparcos 6537:1412.3648 6397:119509015 6344:119444967 5931:120643829 5841:0906.0977 5679:162239618 5427:cite book 5146:227254300 5003:121534198 4931:227254300 4789:0067-0049 4574:(1): 26. 4406:0035-8711 4284:0365-0138 4153:0708.1752 4107:"Capella" 3950:U.S. Navy 3934:USS 3918:Namesakes 3912:Aldebaran 3845:Quturjuuk 3767:Wŭ chē èr 3665:. In the 3592:al-ayyūq. 3196:magnitude 3194:Apparent 3188:(relative 3139:ascension 3130:Component 3056:tentative 3048:red dwarf 3020:starspots 2945:red clump 2827:red giant 2790:Capella A 2756:naked-eye 2673:Hipparcos 2600:north of 2586:Argentina 2366:state in 2310:Aldebaran 2230:Latinised 2226:α Aurigae 2207:red giant 2183:red clump 2077:night sky 2065:Alpha Aur 2057:Latinised 2053:α Aurigae 2026:Capella L 2017:Capella H 1943: 195 1931: 194 1851:α Aurigae 1793:150 1590:3.6 1431:4.2 1277:288° 1192:Companion 1135:(primary) 1114:9.0 1106:(primary) 1088:2.6 964:104.02128 946:Companion 520:red dwarf 451:red dwarf 385:Red clump 284: (V) 238: (V) 189: (V) 9066:Category 9007:Galaxies 8856:clusters 8840:WASP-12b 8835:KELT-2Ab 8484:Variable 8188:(Alhurr) 8000:(2008). 7956:(1978). 7851:Archived 7773:20700813 7654:Archived 7629:Archived 7588:Archived 7410:30 March 7400:"Auriga" 7345:14169943 7254:(1): 2. 7034:(1975). 6887:(1): 4. 6773:: B/mk. 6628:(1960). 6607:Archived 6562:59039482 6490:Archived 6452:Archived 6110:Archived 6108:. 4715. 6020:: 1859. 5997:19 April 5870:Archived 5866:16052567 5792:Archived 5538:Archived 5512:Archived 5482:Archived 5452:Archived 4737:Archived 4714:Archived 4606:55901109 4178:18759600 4041:Archived 4026:Archived 4014:Archived 3966:See also 3880:kangaroo 3870:for the 3853:Gwich'in 3817:Fa'a-nui 3793:Hoku-lei 3720:asterism 3675:sapphire 3656:military 3627:Al-Rākib 3623:Pleiades 3562:Alhaiset 3558:Althaiot 3550:Alhajoth 3523:Amalthea 3512:Almagest 3492:Manilius 3471:Almagest 3324:05 16.5 3202:Database 3184:Position 3177:distance 3170:observed 3168:Epoch of 3156:(δ) 3141:(α) 3106:☉ 3099:☉ 3092:☉ 3084:☉ 3073:infrared 2941:subgiant 2890:☉ 2882:☉ 2874:☉ 2866:☉ 2720:parallax 2665:parallax 2659:Distance 2653:asterism 2555:Arcturus 2548:northern 2529:Pleiades 2527:and the 2419:system. 2397:spectrum 2340:MUL.APIN 2332:Akkadian 2203:subgiant 2163:hydrogen 2105:Amalthea 2085:Arcturus 1862:+45 1077 1834:☉ 1751:☉ 1733:☉ 1709:☉ 1657:0.2 days 1648:Rotation 1638:60 1596:☉ 1574:☉ 1550:☉ 1489:Rotation 1479:50 1437:☉ 1415:☉ 1391:☉ 1312:88° 1262:52° 1231:40 989:0.000023 985:0.056442 915: (M 892:Distance 876:Parallax 821: (M 798:Distance 782:Parallax 689: (M 667: (M 623:Distance 607:Parallax 561:+29.9387 416:Subgiant 40:Capella 9077:Portals 8984:IC 2149 8943:Nebulae 8784:WASP-12 8769:MWC 480 8537:AR (17) 8502:RT (48) 7936:Reprint 7921:Sources 7881:Bibcode 7879:: 140. 7739:Bibcode 7553:Bibcode 7510:Bibcode 7323:Bibcode 7266:Bibcode 7229:Bibcode 7176:Bibcode 7133:Bibcode 7077:Bibcode 7040:Bibcode 7003:Bibcode 7001:: 411. 6960:Bibcode 6899:Bibcode 6842:Bibcode 6802:Bibcode 6800:: 389. 6775:Bibcode 6692:Bibcode 6644:Bibcode 6585:Bibcode 6542:Bibcode 6377:Bibcode 6324:Bibcode 6277:Bibcode 6220:Bibcode 6185:Bibcode 6183:: 359. 6144:Bibcode 6094:Bibcode 6059:Bibcode 6022:Bibcode 5958:Bibcode 5846:Bibcode 5774:Bibcode 5743:Bibcode 5705:Bibcode 5703:: 177. 5595:Bibcode 5518:28 July 5491:28 July 5376:Sky Pub 5240:Bibcode 5238:: 178. 5193:Bibcode 5191:: 702. 5161:. 5124:Bibcode 5053:Bibcode 4983:Bibcode 4981:: 117. 4946:. 4909:Bibcode 4838:Bibcode 4767:Bibcode 4765:: 197. 4679:Bibcode 4638:Bibcode 4636:: 531. 4586:Bibcode 4500:Bibcode 4470:Bibcode 4432:Bibcode 4430:: 245. 4384:Bibcode 4353:Bibcode 4310:Bibcode 4308:: 483. 4272:Bibcode 4270:: 449. 4242:Bibcode 4240:: 971. 4215:Bibcode 4158:Bibcode 4066:Polaris 3948:, both 3944:Capella 3936:Capella 3924:Capella 3904:Yagalal 3898:). The 3872:Boorong 3821:Ta'urua 3797:Procyon 3779:Quechua 3646:Jastreb 3642:Tikutis 3609:of the 3607:Bedouin 3570:Alhojet 3566:Alhatod 3554:Alhaior 3508:Ptolemy 3466:Ptolemy 3441:Chandra 3181:primary 3175:Angular 3163:J2000.0 3160:Equinox 3148:J2000.0 3145:Equinox 3133:Primary 2931:on the 2807:evolved 2699:today. 2697:Canopus 2683:) from 2681:parsecs 2679:(13.12 2626:Polaris 2553:(after 2387:of the 2344:Bedouin 2294:Capella 2290:Capella 2265:Capella 2034:Capella 2008:Capella 1317:Details 1182:Primary 1139:25.9611 1037:137.156 1022:0.00011 1018:0.00089 995:0.74272 936:Primary 637:(13.159 463:M2.5 V 308:G3III: 87:J2000.0 84:Equinox 80:J2000.0 9171:Auriga 9015:3C 147 8979:IC 405 8764:KELT-2 8473:35 Cam 8048: 8029: 8010: 7986: 7964: 7942: 7906: 7845: 7802: 7771: 7683: 7621: 7580: 7528: 7485: 7479:613801 7477: 7366: 7343: 7284: 7206:954298 7204: 7151: 7095: 6919: 6860: 6710: 6564:. A35. 6560: 6530:: 13. 6482: 6444: 6395: 6342: 5929: 5919: 5864: 5677: 5671:278959 5669: 5458:22 May 5417: 5407: 5382: 5358:SIMBAD 5342:SIMBAD 5272:SIMBAD 5167:VizieR 5144: 5112:: A1. 5079:VizieR 5041:. A1. 5001: 4952:VizieR 4929: 4897:: A1. 4864:VizieR 4826:. A1. 4787: 4711:GJ 195 4604: 4404: 4282: 4176: 3896:Pollux 3892:Wanjel 3890:) and 3888:Castor 3884:Yurree 3878:, the 3861:Yahdii 3849:Alaska 3841:Castor 3837:Pollux 3809:Pollux 3805:Castor 3801:Sirius 3730:Wŭ chē 3708:Brahma 3693:Hircus 3663:wealth 3659:honors 3587:العيوق 3578:Alanat 3574:Alanac 3539:Titans 3504:Hircus 3425:SIMBAD 3417:° 3386:SIMBAD 3382:10.21 3378:° 3342:° 3306:° 3270:° 3234:° 2957:oxygen 2953:carbon 2949:helium 2618:Europe 2610:Canada 2542:, the 2540:Auriga 2525:Auriga 2509:HEAO 1 2501:corona 2479:05 09 2405:violet 2368:Mexico 2364:Oaxaca 2248:3841, 2195:oxygen 2191:carbon 2187:helium 2129:corona 2083:after 2046:Auriga 2002:SIMBAD 1718:Radius 1559:Radius 1540:2.4828 1498:3 days 1400:Radius 1381:2.5687 1203:Period 1167:0.0017 1163:26.860 1143:0.0044 1119:° 1065:° 1059:40.522 1043:° 957:Period 697:+0.167 675:+0.296 628:42.919 427:G0III 396:G8III 363:RS CVn 352:+0.44 330:+0.80 319:+0.44 242:10.16 193:+0.08 106:Auriga 9103:Stars 8972:Other 8907:Other 8747:Other 8728:43691 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