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A Doll's House

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making gifts and ornaments by hand because money was scarce. This year, Torvald is due a promotion at the bank where he works, so Nora feels that they can let themselves go a little. The maid announces two visitors: Mrs. Kristine Linde, an old friend of Nora's, who has come seeking employment; and Dr. Rank, a close friend of the family, who is let into the study. Kristine has had a difficult few years, ever since her husband died leaving her with no money or children. Nora says that things have not been easy for them either: Torvald became sick, and they had to travel to Italy so he could recover. Kristine explains that, when her mother was ill, she had to take care of her brothers, but, now that they are grown, she feels her life is "unspeakably empty". Nora promises to talk to Torvald about finding her a job. Kristine gently tells Nora that she is like a child. Nora is offended, so she tells her that she got money from "some admirer" so they could travel to Italy to improve Torvald's health. She told Torvald that her father gave her the money, but, in fact, she illegally borrowed it without his knowledge (women were forbidden from conducting financial activities such as signing checks without a man's endorsement). Since then, she has been secretly working and saving up to pay off the loan.
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alone. The nanny returns with the children, and Nora plays with them for a while until Krogstad creeps through the ajar door into the living room and surprises her. Krogstad tells Nora that Torvald intends to fire him from the bank and asks her to intercede with Torvald to allow him to keep his job. She refuses, and Krogstad blackmails her about the loan she took out for the trip to Italy; he knows that she obtained this loan by forging her father's signature after his death. Krogstad leaves, and, when Torvald returns, Nora tries to convince him not to fire Krogstad. Torvald refuses to hear her pleas, explaining that Krogstad is a liar and a hypocrite and that, years before, he had committed a crime: he forged other people's signatures. Torvald feels physically ill in the presence of a man "poisoning his own children with lies and dissimulation".
295: 687:(maiden name Laura Smith Petersen), a good friend of Ibsen. Much that happened between Nora and Torvald happened to Laura and her husband, Victor. Similar to the events in the play, Laura signed an illegal loan to save her husband's life—in this case, to find a cure for his tuberculosis. She wrote to Ibsen, asking for his recommendation of her work to his publisher, thinking that the sales of her book would repay her debt. At his refusal, she forged a check for the money. At this point, she was found out. In real life, when Victor discovered Laura's secret loan, he divorced her and had her committed to an asylum. Two years later, she returned to her husband and children at his urging, and she went on to become a well-known Danish author, living to the age of 83. 1121:(1884). Strindberg questioned Nora's walking out and leaving her children behind with a man that she herself disapproved of so much that she would not remain with him. Strindberg also considers that Nora's involvement with an illegal financial fraud that involved Nora forging a signature, all done behind her husband's back, and then Nora's lying to her husband regarding Krogstad's blackmail, are serious crimes that should raise questions at the end of the play, when Nora is moralistically judging her husband. Strindberg also points out that Nora's complaint that she and Torvald "have never exchanged one serious word about serious things" is contradicted by the discussions that occur in act one and two. 654:
get away to understand herself. She says that she has been treated like a doll to play with for her whole life, first by her father and then by him. Torvald insists that she fulfill her duty as a wife and mother, but Nora says that she has duties to herself that are just as important and that she cannot be a good mother or wife without learning to be more than a plaything. She reveals that she had expected that he would want to sacrifice his reputation for hers and that she had planned to kill herself to prevent him from doing so. She now realizes that Torvald is not at all the kind of person she had believed him to be and that their marriage has been based on mutual fantasies and misunderstandings.
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alternative ending for the German premiere. In this ending, Nora is led to her children after having argued with Torvald. Seeing them, she collapses, and as the curtain is brought down, it is implied that she stays. Ibsen later called the ending a disgrace to the original play and referred to it as a "barbaric outrage". Virtually all productions today use the original ending, as do nearly all the film versions of the play.
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run away for good, but Torvald confronts her with Krogstad's letter. Enraged, he declares that she is now completely in Krogstad's power; she must yield to Krogstad's demands and keep quiet about the whole affair. He berates Nora, calling her a dishonest and immoral woman and telling her that she is unfit to raise their children. He says that from now on their marriage will be only a matter of appearances.
1037:. Though the plot largely remained unchanged, the protagonists were renamed Tom and Niru Helmer and a conversation was added regarding the British oppression of the Indian public. One significant shift was the lack of a slamming door at the end of the play. They also published a pack of teaching materials which includes extracts from the adapted play script. 843:, Jones says: "A rough translation from the German version of A Doll's House was put into my hands, and I was told that if it could be turned into a sympathetic play, a ready opening would be found for it on the London boards. I knew nothing of Ibsen, but I knew a great deal of Robertson and H. J. Byron. From these circumstances came the adaptation called 1836:. Swallow draws from her research into Ibsen's play and iconic protagonist, the realities of the time, and the 19th-century Norwegian emigration to the US, following Nora as she first struggles to survive in Christiania (today's Oslo) and then travels by boat, train, and wagon to a new home in the western prairie of 240:, lacked reasonable opportunities for self-fulfillment in a male-dominated world. Despite the fact that Ibsen denied it was his intent to write a feminist play, it was a great sensation at the time and caused a "storm of outraged controversy" that went beyond the theater to the world of newspapers and society. 621:
After Torvald literally drags Nora home from the party, Rank follows them. They chat for a while, with Dr. Rank conveying obliquely to Nora that this is a final goodbye, as he has determined that his death is near. Dr. Rank leaves, and Torvald retrieves his letters. As he reads them, Nora prepares to
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Krogstad, a lower-level employee at Torvald's bank, arrives and goes into the study. Nora is clearly uneasy when she sees him. Dr. Rank leaves the study and mentions that he feels wretched, though like everyone he wants to go on living. In contrast to his physical illness, he says that the man in the
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The reasons Nora leaves her husband are complex, and various details are hinted at throughout the play. In the last scene, she tells her husband she has been "greatly wronged" by his disparaging and condescending treatment of her, and his attitude towards her in their marriage—as though she were his
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Dr. Rank then arrives. Nora asks him for a favor, but Rank responds by revealing that he has entered the terminal stage of his disease and that he has always been secretly in love with her. Nora tries to deny the first revelation and make light of it but is more disturbed by his declaration of love.
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children!" Since the playwright's wishes were not protected by copyright, Ibsen decided to avoid the danger of being rewritten by a lesser dramatist by committing what he called a "barbaric outrage" on his play himself and giving it an alternative ending in which Nora did not leave. A production of
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Ibsen's German agent felt that the original ending would not play well in German theaters. In addition, copyright laws of the time would not preserve Ibsen's original work. Therefore, for it to be considered acceptable, and prevent the translator from altering his work, Ibsen was forced to write an
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Nora tells Torvald that she is leaving him and, in a confrontational scene, expresses her sense of betrayal and disillusionment. She says he has never loved her and they have become strangers to each other. She feels betrayed by his response to the scandal involving Krogstad, and she says she must
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A maid enters, delivering a letter from Krogstad to Nora, which Torvald demands to read himself. Torvald then exults that he is saved, as Krogstad has returned the incriminating bond, which Torvald immediately burns along with Krogstad's letters. He takes back his harsh words to his wife and tells
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Having been fired by Torvald, Krogstad arrives at the house. Nora convinces Dr. Rank to go into Torvald's study so he will not see Krogstad. When Krogstad confronts Nora, he declares that he no longer cares about the remaining balance of Nora's loan but that he will instead preserve the associated
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After the meeting with Krogstad, Torvald comes out of the study. Nora asks him if he can give Kristine a position at the bank and Torvald is very positive, saying that this is a fortunate moment, as a position has just become available. Torvald, Kristine, and Dr. Rank leave the house, leaving Nora
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Nora leaves her keys and wedding ring; Torvald breaks down and begins to cry, baffled by what has happened. After Nora leaves the room, Torvald, for one second, still has a sense of hope and exclaims to himself "The most wonderful thing of all—?", just before the door downstairs is heard closing.
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Torvald explains that, when a man has forgiven his wife, it makes him love her all the more since it reminds him that she is totally dependent on him, like a child. He preserves his peace of mind by thinking of the incident as a mere mistake that she made owing to her foolishness, one of her most
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Torvald enters and tries to retrieve his mail, but Nora distracts him by begging him to help her with the dance she has been rehearsing for the costume party, feigning anxiety about performing. She dances so badly and acts so childishly that Torvald agrees to spend the whole evening coaching her.
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time as Nora Helmer enters her home carrying many packages. Nora's husband, Torvald, is working in his study when she arrives. He playfully rebukes her for spending so much money on Christmas gifts, calling her his "little squirrel". He teases her about how, the previous year, she had spent weeks
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and was staged again a few months later. The same stage play was filmed at the beginning of 2019 and screened in Toronto on 4 May 2019. The film was received with very good reviews, and the artists were hailed for their performance. Arrangements were made to screen the film in London, at Safari
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Kristine arrives to help Nora repair a dress for a costume function that she and Torvald plan to attend the next day. Torvald returns from the bank, and Nora pleads with him to reinstate Krogstad, claiming she is worried Krogstad will publish libelous articles about Torvald and ruin his career.
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Kristine tells Krogstad that she only married her husband because she had no other means to support her sick mother and young siblings and that she has returned to offer him her love again. She believes that he would not have stooped to unethical behavior if he had not been devastated by her
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of the completed play to his publisher on 15 September 1879. It was first published in Copenhagen on 4 December 1879, in an edition of 8,000 copies that sold out within a month; a second edition of 3,000 copies followed on 4 January 1880, and a third edition of 2,500 was issued on 8 March.
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when Laura Kieler had been committed to the asylum. The fate of this friend of the family shook him deeply, perhaps also because Laura had asked him to intervene at a crucial point in the scandal, which he did not feel able or willing to do. Instead, he turned this life situation into an
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to blackmail Torvald into not only keeping him employed but also promoting him. Nora explains that she has done her best to persuade her husband, but he refuses to change his mind. Krogstad informs Nora that he has written a letter detailing her crime (forging her father's signature of
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Torvald dismisses her fears and explains that, although Krogstad is a good worker and seems to have turned his life around, he must be fired because he is too familiar around Torvald in front of other bank personnel. Torvald then retires to his study to work.
859:. Toward the middle of the action Ibsen was thrown to the fishes, and Nora was saved from suicide, rebellion, flight and immorality by making a faithful old clerk steal her fateful promissory note from Krogstad's desk. The curtain fell upon a happy home." 1370:, adds a flashback framing device, turns Dr. Rank (renamed Dr. Eduardo Anguiano and played by Alonso, who gets second billing) into Nora's doomed suitor and savior, changes Nora's motivation for leaving her house, and adds a happy ending the following 1084: 1103:
questions the traditional roles of men and women in 19th-century marriage. To many 19th-century Europeans, this was scandalous. The covenant of marriage was considered holy, and to portray it as Ibsen did was controversial. The Irish playwright
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transposing the setting to India in 1879, where Nora (renamed 'Niru') is an Indian woman married to Torvald (renamed 'Tom'), an English man working for the British Colonial Administration in Calcutta. This production starred
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wrote and starred in a reworking of the play titled "Cherdonna's Doll House" under the direction of Ali Mohamed el-Gasseir. The production was staged at 12th Avenue Arts through Washington Ensemble Theatre. Brendan Kiley of
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abandonment and in dire financial straits. Krogstad changes his mind and offers to take back his letter from Torvald. Kristine, however, decides that Torvald should know the truth for the sake of his and Nora's marriage.
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admired Ibsen's originality and technical mastery: "Not a single declamatory phrase, no high dramatics, no drop of blood, not even a tear." Every performance of its run was sold out. Another production opened at the
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in 1898, Ibsen insisted that he "must disclaim the honor of having consciously worked for the women's rights movement" since he wrote "without any conscious thought of making propaganda", his task having been "the
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Ibsen started thinking about the play around May 1878, although he did not begin its first draft until a year later, having reflected on the themes and characters in the intervening period (he visualized its
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aesthetically shaped, successful drama. In the play, Nora leaves Torvald with head held high, though facing an uncertain future given the limitations single women faced in the society of the time.
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Because of the departure from traditional behavior and theatrical convention involved in Nora's leaving home, her act of slamming the door as she leaves has come to represent the play itself. In
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Cinema Harrow, on 7 July 2019. From September 2019 to October 2019, the Lyric Hammersmith in London hosted a new adaptation of the play by Tanika Gupta who moved the setting of the play to
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described it as a "triple-decker satire" in which "Cherdonna’s version of Ibsen’s play about femininity turns into a kind of memoir about Kuehner’s neither-here-nor-there career identity."
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Kieler eventually rebounded from the shame of the scandal and had her own successful writing career while remaining discontented with sole recognition as "Ibsen's Nora" years afterward.
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by Stef Smith, a radical reworking of the play, with three actors playing Nora, simultaneously taking place in 1918, 1968, and 2018. The production later transferred to the
1832:. Swallow's historical novel tells the story of Nora Helmer's life from the moment in December 1879 that Nora walks out on her husband and young children at the close of 2060: 3812: 2766: 862:
Before 1889, there were two private productions of the play in London (in its original form as Ibsen wrote it). In 1886, the first production in England took place at
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her that he forgives her. Nora realizes that her husband is not the strong and gallant man she thought he was and that he truly loves himself more than he does Nora.
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as Nora and Charles Charrington as Torvald. Achurch played Nora again for a seven-day run in 1897. Soon after its London premiere, Achurch brought the play to
2841: 521:– Nora's former nanny, who gave up her own daughter to "strangers" when she became, as she says, the only mother Nora knew. She now cares for Nora's children. 3285: 1605: 1135:
but rather "the need of every individual to find out the kind of person he or she really is and to strive to become that person". In a speech given to the
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in English translations) – Nora's old school friend, widowed, is seeking employment. She was in a relationship with Krogstad prior to the play's setting.
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in the role of Krogstad; both were champions of Ibsen. The first public British production of the play in its regular form opened on 7 June 1889 at the
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Ibsen, "Speech at the Festival of the Norwegian Women's Rights League, Christiana", 26 May 1898; in Dukore (1974, 563); see also Moi (2006, 229–230).
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Nora tells Kristine of her difficult situation, gives her Krogstad's card with his address, and asks her to try to convince him to relent.
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says of the alternative title: "Rather than being superior to the traditional rendering, it simply sounds more idiomatic to Americans."
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The Foundations of a National Drama: a collection of lectures, essays and speeches, delivered and written in the years 1896–1912
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Torvald, this is a settling of accounts. // In all these eight years , we have never exchanged a word on any serious subject.
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directed by Carrie Cracknell based on the English language version by Simon Stephens. In September 2014, in partnership with
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After Nora Slammed the Door: From Doll's House to Paper Doll Lives? Merriam Looks at the "Women's Revolution" in America
1218: 2440: 1500:, was described as "more like a stage play than a film". During a scene, one of the characters is reading Ibsen's play. 1192: 24: 1064:. It began previews on 13 February 2023 and officially opened on 9 March, running until 10 June. It starred Chastain, 5828: 3937: 3868: 3786: 3334: 3197: 3172: 3059: 2961: 2920: 2879: 2461: 2369: 2238: 2205: 2068: 1258: 479:– Nora's husband, a newly promoted bank manager, professes to be enamored of his wife but their marriage stifles her. 5580: 5283: 4107: 2815: 3359: 3311: 1225: 4512: 489:'s translation). He is terminally ill, and it is implied that his "tuberculosis of the spine" originates from a 5783: 5473: 5162: 4075: 3972: 3910: 2538: 1948: 1351:, which retells the story in line with Nazi ideology on the place of women, resolving it with Nora in the home. 1196: 968: 5788: 4598: 4593: 4559: 4554: 4549: 3192:. Translated by de Ferdinandy, Yudit (1st ed.). Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. p. 10. 1511: 1330: 1292: 1207: 2792: 5005: 2415: 1672: 1117: 1006:
and directed by Stephen Mitchell Wright. In June 2015, Space Arts Centre in London staged an adaptation of
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She then clumsily attempts to tell him that she is not in love with him but loves him dearly as a friend.
5818: 5717: 5101: 5029: 4497: 2816:"Jessica Chastain Returning To Broadway This Spring In Amy Herzog Adaptation Of Ibsen's 'A Doll's House'" 1497: 4646: 1028:) on 30 June 2018, translated and directed by Mr P Vikneswaran. The drama was very well received by the 4988: 4886: 4755: 4505: 4226: 4059: 4048: 3051: 2871: 2197: 2135: 1515: 1128: 486: 4689: 5524: 5221: 5154: 4730: 4629: 4483: 4473: 3257: 1750: 226:, on 21 December 1879, having been published earlier that month. The play is set in a Norwegian town 3136: 2161: 2098: 1569: 839:. This adaptation was produced at the Princess Theatre on 3 March 1884. Writing in 1896 in his book 601:
When the others go to dinner, Nora stays behind for a few minutes and contemplates killing herself.
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Ibsen, "Notes for a Modern Tragedy"; quoted by Meyer (1967, 466); see also Innes (2000, 79–81).
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Holledge, Julie; Bollen, Jonathan; Helland, Frode; Tompkins, Joanne (15 September 2016).
3141: 1523: 1480: 1359: 1105: 1073: 995: 902: 867: 443: 271: 223: 5465: 4085: 4079: 4063: 3540: 1108:, however, found Ibsen's willingness to examine society without prejudice exhilarating. 5749: 5733: 5508: 5452: 5205: 5059: 4770: 4699: 4429: 4373: 3957: 3571: 3290: 3262: 2527: 1966: 1758: 1724: 1489: 828: 237: 133: 4091: 3482: 2793:"The Jamie Lloyd Company announces the postponement of THE SEAGULL and A DOLL'S HOUSE" 199: 5709: 5409: 5251: 5138: 5012: 4901: 4298: 4205: 4141: 4126: 3968: 3943: 3933: 3916: 3906: 3890: 3874: 3864: 3830: 3822: 3760: 3752: 3716: 3708: 3672: 3664: 3659: 3628: 3620: 3615: 3584: 3576: 3514: 3451: 3443: 3377: 3369: 3340: 3330: 3303: 3295: 3211: 3203: 3193: 3168: 3090: 3065: 3055: 3026: 2957: 2926: 2916: 2905: 2885: 2875: 2483: 2457: 2436: 2375: 2365: 2244: 2234: 2211: 2201: 2106: 2074: 2064: 1954: 1944: 1914: 1899: 1764: 1730: 1655: 1621: 1585: 1132: 1112: 1053: 987: 809: 473:– wife of Torvald, mother of three, is living out the ideal of the 19th-century wife. 159: 283: 5653: 5621: 5596: 5592: 5444: 5353: 5315: 5291: 5035: 4860: 4825: 4820: 4785: 4725: 4622: 4615: 4574: 4435: 4303: 4261: 4191: 2723: 1800: 1772: 1632: 1581: 1577: 1553: 1429: 1418: 1343: 1310: 1305: 1049: 945: 941: 906: 898: 856: 490: 367: 4775: 4715: 5741: 5685: 5613: 5307: 4939: 4916: 4865: 4835: 4745: 4288: 4256: 4208:
and Jocef Michael, written as a performance piece for their theatre class in 2009
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Reel Women: An International Directory of Contemporary Feature Films about Women
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in March 2011, one of their early performances following their December 2010
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Culture & Values, Volume II: A Survey of the Humanities with Readings
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held the distinction of being the world's most-performed play that year.
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The home of the Helmer family in an unspecified Norwegian town or city,
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In 2019, memoirist, journalist, and professor Wendy Swallow published
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staged and published a shortened reworking of the play, now entitled
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noted "That slammed door reverberated across the roof of the world."
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in 1894. Other productions in the US include one in 1902 starring
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Henrik Ibsen and the Birth of Modernism: Art, Theater, Philosophy
3360:"Nora: a short film responding to Ibsen's A Doll's House – video" 1776: 1011: 801: 797: 793: 768:(with Johanne Juell as Nora and Arnoldus Reimers as Torvald) and 712: 167: 123: 3207: 236:
The play concerns the fate of a married woman, who, at the time
4211: 2708: 2690:"A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen in a new version by Lally Katz" 2016: 1471:
In 2016, there were plans for a modernized adaptation starring
1367: 1317:, who was born Olga Knipper, and was the niece and namesake of 910: 824: 813: 805: 769: 594:
on the bond) and put it in Torvald's mailbox, which is locked.
591: 248: 19:"Dr. Rank" redirects here. For the Austrian psychoanalyst, see 4044: 1279:
has been adapted for the cinema on many occasions, including:
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criticised the play in his volume of essays and short stories
866:'s lodgings in London and featured her as Nora and her friend 4405: 3162: 1338:, which modernizes the story and uses the alternative ending. 2632: 1676:
on 19 January 1947 featured Rathbone again as Torvald with
1438: 765: 3137:"A Doll's House / Charles Bryant [motion picture]" 5495: 3519: 2952:
Sandbach, Mary, trans. Strindberg, August, author. 1972.
2563:"Opening Night Production Credits: A Doll's House (1889)" 2454:
The Collected Drama of H. L. Mencken: Plays and Criticism
1901:"Modernism" in Modern Drama, A Definition and an Estimate 2615:"For New Theater Company, Shabbat Takes Center Stage". 2358:
Women in literature: reading through the lens of gender
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received its world premiere on 21 December 1879 at the
5143: 2666:"Carrie Cracknell Adds a 21st-Century Flavor to Ibsen" 2422:
Printed for private use only: not published. 76 pages.
1150:, labeling it as one of the essential feminist works. 764:
in Stockholm, on 8 January 1880, while productions in
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featuring the discarded alternate ending. 'Manaveli'
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Mrs. Linde and Nora converse (from a 2012 production)
262:
The title of the play is most commonly translated as
3231:"How the Germans used Ibsen to spread Nazi ideology" 3187: 1728:
as heightening the play's melodramatic aspects. The
779:
refused to perform the play as written, declaring, "
259:in 2001, in recognition of their historical value. 5186:Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival of a Play 3956: 3887:Dramatic Theory and Criticism: Greeks to Grotowski 3611:"Bergman Adaptation Restructures 'A Doll's House'" 3567:"Stage: Bergman Version Of Ibsen's 'Doll's House'" 3329:. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 125. 2907:Superior Brains: Political Thought of Bernard Shaw 2335: 2333: 2323: 2321: 1930: 1928: 1858:premiered in 2019, with Crystal Costa as Nora and 1468:portraying what a modern-day Nora might look like. 792:in February 1880. This version was also played in 298:Adeleide Johannessen in character as Nora, from a 3286:"Claire Bloom's 'Doll's House' on Film: The Cast" 3022:Script into performance: a structuralist approach 2420:Breaking a butterfly : a play in three acts. 751:as Dr. Rank. Writing for the Norwegian newspaper 251:has inscribed Ibsen's autographed manuscripts of 5770: 3190:South American Cinema: Dictionary of Film Makers 3165:A Global Doll's House: Ibsen and Distant Visions 3083:Cunningham, Lawrence S.; Reich, John J. (2009). 2692:. La Boite Theatre Company. 2014. Archived from 1541:In 1973, Norwegian TV produced an adaptation of 278:is "the British term for what call a 'dollhouse 3082: 2526: 2330: 2318: 1925: 1460:theater in London released a short film titled 613:Torvald addresses Nora (from a 2012 production) 147:The awakening of a middle-class wife and mother 3112:"Progressive Silent Film List: A Doll's House" 2356:. In Fisher, Jerilyn; Silber, Ellen S (eds.). 2092: 2090: 2088: 1631:directed a British television adaptation with 670: 485:– a rich family friend (named "Peter Rank" in 5481: 5170: 4662: 4513: 4227: 3859:Brockett, Oscra G; Hildy, Franklin J (2002). 3858: 3255: 1935:Walter, McFarlane, James; Jens, Arup (1998). 1790: 4005:. World Publishing Company, Cleveland, 1964. 3852: 2587: 1971:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1754:in 2017, as a followup about Nora returning. 4166:The Social Significance of the Modern Drama 3357: 3006:Feminism: The Essential Historical Writings 2306:Meyer (1967, 477) and Moi (2006, 227, 230). 2156: 2085: 1147:Feminism: The Essential Historical Writings 1023: 5488: 5474: 5177: 5163: 4669: 4655: 4520: 4506: 4234: 4220: 4078: 4062: 3228: 2530:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). 2354:"The slammed door that still reverberates" 2347: 2345: 2273: 2132:"The alternative ending of A Doll's House" 1934: 1830:Searching for Nora: After the Doll's House 1475:as Doctor Rank and Michele Martin as Nora. 917:, a 1937 adaptation with acting script by 909:as Nora Helmer. It was first performed in 243:In 2006, the centennial of Ibsen's death, 40: 3045: 2865: 2191: 2054: 1514:was a live version for US TV directed by 1377:Two film versions were released in 1973: 1259:Learn how and when to remove this message 1079: 3740: 3696: 3025:. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 157. 2974:Dramatic Opinions and Essays. Volume II. 2902: 2649:. Young Vic. 7 June 2013. Archived from 1795:(Doll's House), adapted and directed by 1742:in some areas but weakens it in others." 1137:Norwegian Association for Women's Rights 1083: 675: 608: 564:study, Krogstad, is "morally diseased". 546: 293: 3810: 3785:Service, Statesman News (6 June 2022). 3784: 3608: 3564: 3431: 3401: 3003: 2972:Shaw, Bernard. "A Doll's House Again". 2663: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2342: 2228: 5771: 3480: 3167:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 217. 3018: 2467: 2351: 1896: 1868:Tirol Concerto for Piano and Orchestra 747:as Nora, Emil Poulsen as Torvald, and 5497:Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play 5469: 5158: 5142: 4650: 4636:"What happens after Nora leaves home" 4501: 4215: 4032:Festschrift in Honor of Charles Speel 3927: 3900: 3889:. Florence, KY: Heinle & Heinle. 3652: 3358:Payne-Frank, Noah (18 October 2012). 3324: 3283: 2903:Griffith, Gareth (21 December 1995). 2839: 2813: 2542:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. 2503: 2499: 2497: 2473: 2418:Jones, Henry Arthur. Herman, Henry. 2096: 731: 661: 289: 3565:Goodman, Walter (24 February 1988). 3229:Kvittengen, Ida (12 February 2020). 2859: 2482:translator. London: T Fisher Unwin. 2395: 1197:adding citations to reliable sources 1168: 1131:argued that the play's theme is not 46:Original manuscript cover page, 1879 3954: 3188:Trelles Plazaolapage, Luis (1989). 3109: 2772:from the original on 9 October 2022 2664:Soloski, Alexis (6 February 2014). 1805:National Academy of Performing Arts 841:The Foundations of a National Drama 16:1879 three-act play by Henrik Ibsen 13: 5804:Norwegian plays adapted into films 4678:New Woman of the late 19th century 3982: 3903:A sourcebook of naturalist theatre 3741:McMillan, Joyce (7 January 2020). 3402:Wharton, David (2 November 2011). 3256:Variety Staff (31 December 1972). 2494: 1659:production on 6 June 1938 starred 1056:in London in mid-2020. Due to the 14: 5845: 4038: 3988:Ibsen, Henrick (trans. McLeish). 3811:Winship, Lyndsey (5 April 2019). 3697:McMillan, Joyce (12 March 2019). 3462:from the original on 10 June 2016 3089:. Cengage Learning. p. 492. 2840:Hipes, Patrick (3 January 2023). 2604:from the original on 27 May 2009. 1810:In 2022, Indian theatre director 1710:In 1989, film and stage director 929:, and a 1997 production starring 4241: 4148: 4071:​A Doll's House​ 4055:​A Doll's House​ 4023:William L. Urban. "Parallels in 2956:London: Victor Gollancz. (1972) 2814:Evans, Greg (16 November 2022). 2510:. In Rines, George Edwin (ed.). 2231:The Wadsworth anthology of drama 1173: 214:written by Norwegian playwright 5670:Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 5565:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest 5370:Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 3804: 3778: 3734: 3690: 3646: 3602: 3558: 3533: 3510:"Henrik Ibsen - A Doll's House" 3502: 3474: 3425: 3395: 3351: 3318: 3277: 3249: 3222: 3181: 3156: 3129: 3103: 3076: 3039: 3012: 2997: 2988: 2979: 2966: 2954:Getting Married Parts I and II. 2946: 2937: 2896: 2833: 2807: 2784: 2752: 2738: 2682: 2657: 2639: 2625: 2608: 2581: 2555: 2552:Brockett and Hildy (2003, 353). 2546: 2520: 2446: 2425: 2409: 2386: 2309: 2300: 2291: 2282: 2264: 2255: 2222: 2185: 1437:, with the plot transferred to 1184:needs additional citations for 885:The play was first seen in the 25:A Doll's House (disambiguation) 5824:Drama Desk Award-winning plays 4088:at the Internet Movie Database 4076:Internet Off-Broadway Database 3885:Dukore, Bernard F., ed. 1974. 3481:Rector, Rob (29 August 2020). 3432:Mottram, James (9 June 2016). 3284:Canby, Vincent (23 May 1973). 3237:. Translated by Nuse, Ingrid P 2567:The Internet Broadway Database 2539:New International Encyclopedia 2124: 2048: 2030: 2013:"Henrik Ibsen: A Doll's House" 2005: 1979: 1890: 1881: 1164: 969:24/6: A Jewish Theater Company 905:on 21 December 1889, starring 897:acted Nora. The play made its 718: 701: 1: 5794:Plays set in the 19th century 5581:Long Day's Journey into Night 5284:Long Day's Journey into Night 4925:(Mary Chavelita Dunne Bright) 4268:Norma, or A Politician's Love 3863:. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. 3653:Kiley, Brendan (5 May 2017). 3258:"Film Review: A Doll's House" 2720:"A Doll's House at The Space" 1603:television adaptation titled 1504: 1052:was scheduled to play at the 982:produced a new adaptation of 925:, a 1971 production starring 303: 227: 178: 5799:Memory of the World Register 5064:The Case of Rebellious Susan 3609:Shirley, Don (26 May 1998). 3434:"Sir Ben Kingsley interview" 2868:Cambridge Companion to Ibsen 2588:Kate Bassett (24 May 2009). 2360:. Greenwood Press. pp.  2315:Quoted by Meyer (1967, 477). 1897:Krutch, Joseph Wood (1953). 1874: 1757:In 2017, performance artist 1704: 1580:as Thorvald. Also featuring 1303:The 1923 German silent film 604: 460: 457: 452: 442: 439: 434: 426: 421: 416: 406: 401: 396: 386: 381: 376: 366: 361: 356: 257:Memory of the World Register 7: 5030:The Story of a Modern Woman 4158:public domain audiobook at 4014:(Page to Stage Study Guide) 3901:Innes, Christopher (2000). 2504:Moses, Montrose J. (1920). 2261:Meyer (1967, 463–467, 472). 2229:Worthen, William B (2011). 2097:Byatt, A. S. (1 May 2009). 1687:broadcast an adaptation by 671:Composition and publication 630:endearing feminine traits. 537: 266:, though some scholars use 10: 5850: 4887:Elizabeth Barrett Browning 4756:Jennie Augusta Brownscombe 4060:Internet Broadway Database 4049:National Library of Norway 3052:Cambridge University Press 2872:Cambridge University Press 2233:. Wadsworth. p. 667. 2198:Cambridge University Press 2136:National Library of Norway 1791: 1556:produced an adaptation of 1030:Tamil community in Toronto 998:, hosted an adaptation of 967:The play was performed by 571: 542: 100:21 December 1879 18: 5503: 5192: 5152: 4966: 4948: 4879: 4731:Sophie Gengembre Anderson 4708: 4685: 4607: 4586: 4542: 4485:The Death of Little Ibsen 4474:International Ibsen Award 4422: 4397: 4249: 4045:Texts and other resources 3853:General and cited sources 2866:McFarlane, James (1994). 2647:"A Doll's House West End" 2456:. Scarecrow Press, 2012. 2061:Capilano University Press 1850:Stina Quagebeur's ballet 1822: 1024: 683:was based on the life of 493:contracted by his father. 323: 173: 151: 143: 129: 111: 96: 61: 51: 39: 34: 5829:Tony Award-winning plays 5102:Mrs. Warren's Profession 4801:Wilhelmina Weber Furlong 4442:Centre for Ibsen Studies 4294:The Vikings at Helgeland 4186:Theatre Guild on the Air 3046:Törnqvist, Egil (1995). 3019:Hornby, Richard (1995). 3004:Schneir, Miriam (1972). 2352:Fisher, Jerilyn (2003). 2192:Törnqvist, Egil (1995). 2055:Törnqvist, Egil (1995). 2038:"Baptism by Fire Island" 1907:Cornell University Press 1844: 1816:National School of Drama 1807:on 30 and 31 March 2019. 1673:Theatre Guild on the Air 1647: 1618:Rainer Werner Fassbinder 1518:. This version featured 1328:The 1943 Argentine film 1070:Michael Patrick Thornton 992:La Boite Theatre Company 827:was in an adaptation by 775:In Germany, the actress 772:followed shortly after. 408:Michael Patrick Thornton 4806:Elizabeth Shippen Green 4796:Susan Stuart Frackelton 3965:Oxford University Press 3928:Meyer, Michael (1974). 2976:Brentanos (1916) p. 258 2507:"Doll's House, A"  2172:Guardian News and Media 1941:Oxford University Press 1856:English National Ballet 1814:staged the play at the 1799:, was performed in the 1670:A later version by the 1271: 1142:description of humanity 1111:The Swedish playwright 1046:The Jamie Lloyd Company 788:this version opened in 5694:A View from the Bridge 5541:A View from the Bridge 5437:How I Learned to Drive 5394:A View from the Bridge 5340:A View from the Bridge 5238:A View from the Bridge 4982:The Portrait of a Lady 4781:Alice Brown Chittenden 4761:Julia Margaret Cameron 4630:A Doll's House, Part 2 4349:An Enemy of the People 4334:The Pillars of Society 3861:History of the theatre 2911:. Routledge. pp.  2513:Encyclopedia Americana 2474:Ibsen, Henrik (1889). 2392:Meyer (1967, 480–481). 1751:A Doll's House, Part 2 1570:Palle Kjærulff-Schmidt 1354:The 1954 Mexican film 1321:’s wife. She was also 1097: 1090:Vera Komissarzhevskaya 1080:Analysis and criticism 762:Royal Dramatic Theatre 637: 614: 552: 313: 218:. It premiered at the 203: 23:. For other uses, see 5784:Plays by Henrik Ibsen 5090:The Romance of a Shop 4841:Elizabeth Okie Paxton 4690:19th-century feminism 4469:Norwegian Ibsen Award 4364:The Lady from the Sea 4100:30 March 2008 at the 3905:. London: Routledge. 3483:"Friend of the World" 3048:Ibsen: A Doll's House 2795:. bestoftheatre.co.uk 2533:"Herman, Henry"  2431:Jones, Henry Arthur. 2194:Ibsen: A Doll's House 2057:Ibsen: A Doll's House 1341:The 1944 German film 1313:. Nora was played by 1087: 962:Christopher Eccleston 936:A new translation by 676:Real-life inspiration 633: 612: 550: 297: 206:; also translated as 5789:Plays about families 5718:The Boys in the Band 5638:The Norman Conquests 5332:The Norman Conquests 4985:(serialized 1880–81) 4958:Alice Freeman Palmer 4856:Jessie Willcox Smith 4384:John Gabriel Borkman 4329:Emperor and Galilean 4284:The Feast at Solhaug 4279:Lady Inger of Ostrat 3325:Sloan, Jane (2007). 1781:Nora: A Doll's House 1486:Brian Patrick Butler 1193:improve this article 964:opened in May 2009. 915:Minnie Maddern Fiske 891:Louisville, Kentucky 845:Breaking a Butterfly 837:Breaking a Butterfly 743:in Copenhagen, with 741:Royal Danish Theatre 527:– the Helmers' maid. 220:Royal Danish Theatre 116:Royal Danish Theatre 5678:A Raisin in the Sun 5662:Death of a Salesman 5606:Glengarry Glen Ross 5549:Death of a Salesman 5418:The Waverly Gallery 5362:Death of a Salesman 5246:Death of a Salesman 5109:George Bernard Shaw 5097:George Bernard Shaw 5025:Ella Hepworth Dixon 4912:Ella Hepworth Dixon 4851:Pamela Colman Smith 4791:Emma Lampert Cooper 4695:First-wave feminism 4389:When We Dead Awaken 4324:The League of Youth 4145:(alternate edition) 3955:Moi, Toril (2006). 3314:on 9 December 2015. 3142:Library of Congress 2621:. 16 December 2010. 1862:as Torvald, set to 1524:Christopher Plummer 1481:Friend of the World 1360:Alfredo B. Crevenna 1106:George Bernard Shaw 1074:Okieriete Onaodowan 1025:ஒரு பொம்மையின் வீடு 996:Brisbane, Australia 868:George Bernard Shaw 851:writes that it was 499:(sometimes spelled 444:Okieriete Onaodowan 317:Notable productions 224:Copenhagen, Denmark 5819:Off-Broadway plays 5591:(a combination of 5525:A Delicate Balance 5509:An Inspector Calls 5222:A Delicate Balance 5206:An Inspector Calls 5060:Henry Arthur Jones 4771:Minerva J. Chapman 4680:(born before 1880) 4565:1973, dir. Garland 4456:Ibsen Museum, Oslo 4430:Ibsen quotes, Oslo 4374:The Master Builder 4108:A Doll's House 3930:Ibsen: a biography 3787:"Theatre Recovers" 3572:The New York Times 3291:The New York Times 2985:Meyer (1967, 478). 2943:Meyer (1967, 476). 2696:on 2 November 2014 2678:on 1 January 2022. 2670:The New York Times 2406:Meyer (1967, 481). 2339:Meyer (1967, 479). 2327:Meyer (1967, 480). 2297:Meyer (1967, 475). 2288:Meyer (1967, 474). 2270:Meyer (1967, 466). 1887:Meyer (1967, 477). 1759:Cherdonna Shinatra 1725:The New York Times 1624:in the title role. 1498:Michael C. Burgess 1098: 829:Henry Arthur Jones 783:would never leave 732:Production history 662:Alternative ending 615: 555:The play opens at 553: 427:Jesmille Darbouze 314: 290:List of characters 5766: 5765: 5760: 5759: 5710:Angels in America 5463: 5462: 5410:Angels in America 5252:The Iceman Cometh 5136: 5135: 5081:(serialized 1878) 4989:Elizabeth Barrett 4975:Isabel Archer in 4902:Annie Sophie Cory 4644: 4643: 4495: 4494: 4299:The Mountain Bird 4206:Twenty One Pilots 4142:Project Gutenberg 4127:Project Gutenberg 3895:978-0-03-091152-1 3660:The Seattle Times 3616:Los Angeles Times 3515:BBC Radio 4 Extra 3096:978-0-495-56926-8 3032:978-1-55783-237-5 2480:William C. Archer 1765:The Seattle Times 1731:Los Angeles Times 1656:Lux Radio Theatre 1622:Margit Carstensen 1586:Hanne Borchsenius 1554:Danish Television 1478:The 2020 US film 1269: 1268: 1261: 1243: 1113:August Strindberg 1058:COVID-19 pandemic 1054:Playhouse Theatre 988:Brisbane Festival 855:"denaturized and 810:Residence Theatre 467: 466: 349: 340: 331: 210:) is a three-act 187: 186: 130:Original language 5841: 5726:A Soldier's Play 5654:The Normal Heart 5600: 5490: 5483: 5476: 5467: 5466: 5445:The Piano Lesson 5426:A Soldier's Play 5386:The Elephant Man 5354:The Normal Heart 5300:Twelve Angry Men 5179: 5172: 5165: 5156: 5155: 5140: 5139: 5036:Gustave Flaubert 4967:Literature about 4926: 4861:Annie Swynnerton 4826:Elizabeth Nourse 4821:Anna Lea Merritt 4786:Elizabeth Coffin 4726:Nina E. Allender 4671: 4664: 4657: 4648: 4647: 4570:1973, dir. Losey 4522: 4515: 4508: 4499: 4498: 4436:The Oxford Ibsen 4262:The Burial Mound 4236: 4229: 4222: 4213: 4212: 4192:Internet Archive 4188:radio adaptation 4152: 4151: 4144: 4129: 4082: 4066: 4029: 4008:Unwin, Stephen. 3978: 3962: 3951: 3924: 3882: 3846: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3738: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3727: 3694: 3688: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3650: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3553: 3551: 3541:"A Doll's House" 3537: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3506: 3500: 3499: 3497: 3495: 3478: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3467: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3355: 3349: 3348: 3322: 3316: 3315: 3310:. Archived from 3281: 3275: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3226: 3220: 3219: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3133: 3127: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3016: 3010: 3009: 3008:. 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L. 2451: 2447: 2430: 2426: 2414: 2410: 2405: 2396: 2391: 2387: 2372: 2350: 2343: 2338: 2331: 2326: 2319: 2314: 2310: 2305: 2301: 2296: 2292: 2287: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2241: 2227: 2223: 2208: 2190: 2186: 2176: 2174: 2155: 2151: 2141: 2139: 2130: 2129: 2125: 2115: 2113: 2095: 2086: 2071: 2053: 2049: 2044:. 15 July 1991. 2036: 2035: 2031: 2021: 2019: 2011: 2010: 2006: 1996: 1994: 1985: 1984: 1980: 1964: 1963: 1951: 1933: 1926: 1895: 1891: 1886: 1882: 1877: 1847: 1825: 1779:have performed 1707: 1678:Dorothy McGuire 1650: 1608: 1516:George Schaefer 1512:1959 adaptation 1507: 1494:Alexandra Slade 1425:Dariush Mehrjui 1415:Anthony Hopkins 1407:Patrick Garland 1356:Casa de muñecas 1331:Casa de muñecas 1323:Mikhail Chekhov 1274: 1265: 1254: 1248: 1245: 1202: 1200: 1190: 1178: 1167: 1118:Getting Married 1082: 973:Lower Manhattan 958:Tara FitzGerald 919:Thornton Wilder 895:Helena Modjeska 872:Novelty Theatre 749:Peter Jerndorff 734: 721: 704: 678: 673: 664: 651: 639: 607: 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1402:A Doll's House 1383:, directed by 1380:A Doll's House 1375: 1358:, directed by 1352: 1347:, directed by 1339: 1326: 1309:, directed by 1301: 1293:A Doll's House 1277:A Doll's House 1273: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1181: 1179: 1172: 1166: 1163: 1133:women's rights 1101:A Doll's House 1094:Christmas tree 1092:) dresses the 1081: 1078: 1062:Hudson Theatre 1042:A Doll's House 1035:colonial India 1020:A Doll's House 1008:A Doll's House 1000:A Doll's House 984:A Doll's House 853:A Doll's House 745:Betty Hennings 737:A Doll's House 733: 730: 720: 717: 703: 700: 692:A Doll's House 681:A Doll's House 677: 674: 672: 669: 663: 660: 646:A Doll's House 632: 606: 603: 573: 570: 544: 541: 539: 536: 535: 534: 528: 522: 516: 510: 504: 497:Kristine Linde 494: 480: 477:Torvald Helmer 474: 465: 464: 459: 456: 454:Helen Stenborg 451: 447: 446: 441: 438: 433: 432:Nils Krogstad 429: 428: 425: 420: 415: 411: 410: 405: 400: 395: 391: 390: 385: 380: 375: 371: 370: 365: 360: 355: 351: 350: 341: 332: 325: 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5574: 5573:Private Lives 5570: 5567: 5566: 5562: 5559: 5558: 5554: 5551: 5550: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5526: 5522: 5519: 5518: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5506: 5505: 5502: 5498: 5491: 5486: 5484: 5479: 5477: 5472: 5471: 5468: 5455: 5454: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5442: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5420: 5419: 5415: 5412: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5380: 5379: 5378:Twelfth Night 5375: 5372: 5371: 5367: 5364: 5363: 5359: 5356: 5355: 5351: 5348: 5347: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5326: 5325: 5324:Boeing-Boeing 5321: 5318: 5317: 5316:Journey's End 5313: 5310: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5297: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5278: 5277: 5276:Private Lives 5273: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5240: 5239: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5219: 5216: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5207: 5203: 5200: 5199: 5198:Anna Christie 5195: 5194: 5191: 5187: 5180: 5175: 5173: 5168: 5166: 5161: 5160: 5157: 5151: 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Index

Otto Rank
A Doll's House (disambiguation)

Henrik Ibsen
Royal Danish Theatre
Copenhagen
Denmark
Norwegian
Danish
Naturalistic
realistic
problem play
tragedy
Danish
Bokmål
play
Henrik Ibsen
Royal Danish Theatre
Copenhagen, Denmark
in Norway
UNESCO
Memory of the World Register
John Simon
Egil Törnqvist

cigarette card
Liv Ullman
Janet McTeer
Jessica Chastain
Sam Waterston

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