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to the
Vermont Agency of Commerce and Community Development. They must also report to their boards, which are made up of representatives of each town in the commission. As with some state agencies there is provision for these commissions to also organize as nonprofit groups, yet still maintain status as government agencies. This method of organization permits RPCs and EDCs to augment their state and federal funding with other sources of income. This arrangement also allows the EDCs to own properties such as industrial parks and Business Incubator Facilities.
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651:, which brought 21.1 inches (540 mm) to the area over a two-day period. This was nearly matched on March 6, 2011, when the area received 20.3 inches (520 mm) of snow. This snow fall variable was matched again on two separate occasions in 2017, with 18-24" of new snow covering the area exactly a month apart. Both storms also severely effected the rest of New England and Upstate New York.
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average. An average citizen here produces 2 pounds (0.91 kg) of trash per person per day, compared to 3 pounds (1.4 kg) for the rest of the state. The budget for the 2016 calendar year was $ 716,673. Towns or haulers were charged $ 23.25 per ton. The
Kingdom produced about half the national average of trash. This is the result of lower incomes and fewer places to shop.
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RPCs and EDCs have no taxing or regulatory authority. However, RPCs do write a regional plan (as towns can have town plans). Town plans can not run contrary to the regional plans. RPCs also have automatic party status to any ACT 250 applications. ACT 250 permits are the state's Land Use Permit issued
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Recognizing the need for services on an intermediate level, state legislation created the
Regional Planning Commissions (RPC), to aid the towns in land use issues, and Economic Development Commissions (EDC), tasked with fostering economic development in their jurisdictions. These RPCs and EDCs report
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As in the rest of New
England, there is a strong state government. Town government often uses unpaid volunteers for its services. There is a superficial county government, all funded by the state. The counties have sheriffs, judges, prosecutors, and other officers; all, except for judges, elected by
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foliage viewing. A rail trail across the southern part of the
Kingdom originates in St. Johnsbury on South Main Street as part of the Lamoille Valley Rail Trail; in the north, the Kingdom Heritage Lands feature multiple use access, including hiking, bicycling, and hunting; and in the center of the
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There were about 49 "town dumps" where residents disposed of trash, operating in the NEK prior to 1987. After the state began regulating the environment in 1987, 41 of these closed down, including the one at what is now
Gardner Park in Newport. Seven of the remainder closed during subsequent state
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was 70.0 °F (21.1 °C) on 07/02/2018. Since 1981, the wettest calendar day was 3.67 inches (93 mm) on 08/28/2011. During the winter months, the average annual extreme minimum air temperature is −31.8 °F (−35.4 °C). Since 1981, the coldest air temperature at Island Pond was
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population totalled 2,000, about 1.75/mi² (0.676/km²). In 2005, the population was 5,000; 3.4/mi² (1.313/km²). State officials determined that the herd had become stressed due to overpopulation, and that the 1996 figure was more desirable. As a result, 1,260 hunting permits were issued in 2008 to
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The
Northeast Kingdom Waste and Central Vermont Solid Management Districts are in charge of implementing Vermont's Act 148, initiating mandatory recycling. In 2014, the NEK recycled about 20%, low for the state which averages 30–36%. Recycling rates in the Central Vermont District meet the state
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were popular here, as in other rural regions, in the late 19th century. The local pharmacists who devised these "cures" gradually metamorphosed into today's pharmacies, and in the
Northeast Kingdom they are still businesses where residents are often recognized and greeted by name. Similarly, the
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In 2015, the region featured half a dozen local radio stations, as well as regional versions of
Vermont Public Radio (FM88.5 broadcast from Burke Mountain) and Montpelier's The Point; popular are Magic 97.7 FM broadcast from Lyndonville, VT, and MOO (WMOO) at 92.1FM from Derby Center, Vermont.
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climates are characterized by a least one month having an average mean temperature ≤ 32.0 °F (0.0 °C), at least four months with an average mean temperature ≥ 50.0 °F (10.0 °C), all months with an average mean temperature < 71.6 °F (22.0 °C) and no significant
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An expansion of the polar glaciers resulted in an ice age which greatly affected the geology. A 1-mile-thick (1,600 m) sheet of ice covered the
Kingdom several times, over one million years, until 13,500 years ago. It brought the many boulders seen in the area and created many prominent
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The Northeast Kingdom is unique, as it benefits from an agency that is both an Economic Development Commission as well as a Regional Planning Commission, the Northeastern Vermont Development Association and Regional Planning Commission (NVDA). Under a state legislators' study to lower state
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1662:; and John H. Boylan State Airport (5B1) in Island Pond. Light private and business aircraft land there. KEFK has two runways, its long 5,300 ft (1,600 m) runway allows for jet operations. KEFK is served by U.S. Customs as a designated Landing Rights Airport.
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television market. However, the use of cable and satellite to view television in the region is essential in many areas, due to the mountainous terrain between the region and most of the market's main television transmitters, many of them broadcasting from
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The Northeast Kingdom's popularity as a destination grew strongly from the moment that Governor George Aiken delivered a name for the region in 1949. Vermont Public Radio reporter Charlotte Albright researched the naming process and wrote, "The novelist
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In 2008, 74% of the roads were rated in poor or very poor condition. There were 480 bridges with spans of 20 feet (6.1 m) or more. There were a number of bridges deemed structurally deficient. 63 percent of those were municipally owned.
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by the Land Use Panel of the Vermont Natural Resources Board. ACT 250 applications must be in compliance with the RPC's Regional Plan. A copy of all ACT 250 permit applications must be submitted (by the applicants) to the RPCs for review.
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The retreating glacier allowed the northern migration of early humans around 9300 BCE, descendants of Asian immigrants during the Ice Age. By 7300 BCE, people and a changing environment had eliminated large game from the area such as
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area's "country doctors" are now affiliated with two regional hospitals (North Country Hospital in Newport, VT, and Northeastern Vermont Regional Hospital in St. Johnsbury, VT), as well as the Dartmouth-Hitchcock network.
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which extend into the westernmost part of the Northeast Kingdom. It also created great pressure within the earth, resulting in active volcanoes. The resultant eruptions produced igneous rock which became the
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at Island Pond is 3b with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of −31.8 °F (−35.4 °C). The spring bloom typically peaks around May 13 and fall color usually peaks around September 30.
1399:, who immortalizes the area in his fictional "Kingdom County," believes Aiken cooked up the phrase while fishing in Essex County." Aiken and his wife Lola were surprised at how strongly the term caught on.
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Although Vermont is known as the Green Mountain State, the Northeast Kingdom lies outside that geological formation and is based on a set of long-ago volcanic islands, compressed during collision with the
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There are a number of non-profit, non-governmental agencies, that either offer services or promote business or housing. These include the Northern Community Investment Corporation, based in
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values > 88 °F (31 °C). Since 1981, the highest air temperature at Island Pond was 91.0 °F (32.8 °C) on 07/08/1988, and the highest daily average mean
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operated an east-west route terminating in St. Johnsbury from the 1880s to the 1990s, under varying names. Much of the right-of-way is now the Lamoille Valley Rail Trail.
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precipitation difference between seasons. Although most summer days are comfortably humid in the Northeast Kingdom, episodes of warmth and moderate humidity can occur with
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near the Connecticut River in 1500. This tribe included all people from the Cahass, Cohassiac, Coos, Coosuc, and Koes tribes. The Cowasucks were Abenakis, members of the
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that gave the Northeast Kingdom its soil and its surface stones and boulders. These terraces have beds of sand and clay from which bricks were once manufactured.
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government spending, lawmakers have been looking to the Northeast Kingdom's RPC/EDC as a model for possible consolidation of agencies throughout the state.
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Kingdom, radiating outward from Burke Mountain, are hundreds of acres threaded with well-kept trails provided via Kingdom Trails of East Burke, VT.
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2778:"Give Me That Old-Time Medicine: Patent Medicines in the Northeast Kingdom". Derby, Vermont: Vermont's Northland Journal. August 2015. p. 7.
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The Kingdom is part of a Rural Economic Area Partnership which the federal government funds. This may pay for improvements in health and safety.
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covered much of Vermont, including what is now Lake Memphremagog. This incursion stopped 11,000 years ago and became fresh water. Forests later
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In all three counties, estimated population dropped between 2010 and 2012 by about 200 people. State population declined slightly as well.
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named the Northeast Kingdom as the most desirable place to visit in the country and the ninth most desirable place to visit in the world.
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It includes several "gateway" towns, considered to be entry points to the region from a particular direction: at the southeastern corner,
1386:, contracted from exposure to traders, killed many of the Cowasucks until only a few hundred were left in the Northeast Kingdom by 1600.
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233:, a summit on the main ridge of the Green Mountains, at 3,858 feet (1,176 m). The highest point outside of the Green Mountains is
1627:- Six trips a day between Island Pond and Maine. Four trips a day between Island Pond and Canada. Lumber is the principal freight.
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2018:
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types, the Northeast Kingdom would have four dominant vegetation types and forms listed below from highest to lowest elevation.
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1762:- published daily except Saturdays and Sundays in Newport. Owned by Horizon Publications out of Marion, IL. Printed in Canada
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1414:, owned by Charlie Nadeau, remained. The Parker landfill in Lyndonville closed, as did the ones in Barton, Morrisville,
2429:"U.S. Potential Natural Vegetation, Original Kuchler Types, v2.0 (Spatially Adjusted to Correct Geometric Distortions)"
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standards, 25 miles per hour (40 km/h) for freight movement; 30 miles per hour (48 km/h) for passengers.
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2937:"NEK Northeast Kingdom Trails Vermont Bike Trails Mountain Biking Northern Vermont Bicycling Centers - VT Living"
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Page, Candace (June 20, 2010). "Potent Alliance". Burlington, Vermont: Burlington Free Press. pp. 1A, 4A.
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Snowfall is plentiful in the region, and very large snowstorms occur every few years. These have included the
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glacier allowed the Green Mountains again to arise, but much eroded. A saltwater incursion resulting in the
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Climate data for Island Pond, Elevation 1,214 ft (370 m), 1981-2010 normals, extremes 1981-2018
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named the NEK the second favorite romantic getaway and the third favorite family getaway in New England.
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Vermont Fish and Wildlife (March 19, 2014). "Marten population grows despite past extinction".
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Ordovician Sedimentary Breccia and Magnetite-Coticule Metasiltstone, Northeast Kingdom, Vermont
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As of 1997, 80% of the Northeast Kingdom was covered by forest; 59% was northern hardwood, 29%
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in the state was in Orleans County with 5,000 head and 2,500 milkers, spread over five farms.
622:−40.7 °F (−40.4 °C) on 01/04/1981. Episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur with
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1604:) - WACR has just recently been awarded a 30-year contract to operate the track running from
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248:, with a land area of 2,027 square miles (5,250 km), about 21% of the state of Vermont.
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There are three state airports: Northeast Kingdom International Airport (KEFK) in Newport/
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The Northeast Kingdom has been listed in the North American and international editions of
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runs out of Saint Johnsbury and serves Caledonia, Essex, Lamoille, and Orleans counties.
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the herd. In 2009, state officials aimed for one moose per 1 square mile (2.6 km).
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Creaser, Richard (June 4, 2014). "Tomasi explains effects of mandatory recycling law".
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aggression perhaps about 1500, though the exact date of the Iroquois pact is unknown.
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317:. Views and vistas differ sharply from those of the state's central mountain spine.
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Vezina, Kendrick (March 19, 2014). "Live weird, die young: The Virginia opossum".
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Northeast Kingdom Geotourism Mapguide Debuts at Vermont Travel Industry Conference
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Trail, Elizabeth (December 16, 2015). "Waste management district adopts budget".
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Lefebvre, Paul (January 8, 2014). "Lynx is elusive target of biologists' study".
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Starr, Tena (May 15, 2013). "NEK population drops slightly, census estimates".
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Gresser, Joseph (October 31, 2018). "Nearly 50 dumps operated in the Kingdom".
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Richard Creaser (October 28, 2009), "Cow are giving birth to fewer offspring",
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172:
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1977:
Channel 14 W14CK Newport (programming unknown, last known as a rebroadcast of
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2829:. Barton, Vermont: the Chronicle. February 3, 2010. p. 7. Archived from
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wrote a poem with the Kingdom as its topic entitled "A Servant to Servants".
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about 466 million years ago. This collision first formed what are now the
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1971:
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Various organizations are tasked with aiding public health including the
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Metraux, Daniel A. (June 2015). "Medical Care on the Vermont Frontier".
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Depth Constraints on the Origins of Northeast Kingdom Granites, Vermont
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121:
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series based on a Vermont detective are set in the Northeast Kingdom.
2748:. Winooski, Vermont: Vermont Public Radio. March 24, 2009. p. 1.
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The largest municipalities in the Northeast Kingdom are the towns of
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1745:, the area's largest newspaper, is published daily in St. Johnsbury.
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are the main roads that connect travelers to the Northeast Kingdom.
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Current Weather Conditions from the NEK - Northeast Kingdom Weather
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3060:, June 3, 2009, page 27, "Economic development debated in Barton"
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Starr, Tena (March 9, 2011). "Snowfall brought area to a halt".
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Cable Channel 7, KATV, Kingdom Access Television, Lyndonville,
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On December 30, 1933, the lowest recorded temperature in the
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The average growing season is about 123-130 frost-free days.
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A Brief History and Overview of Vermont's Physical Landscape
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3267:"RadioStationWorld - Vermont - Radio Broadcasting Stations"
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Template:Northeast Kingdom and Northern New Hampshire Radio
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states was registered as −50.8 °F (−46.0 °C), at
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Gazetteer of Lamoille and Orleans Counties, VT.; 1883-1884
2827:"NEK establishments listed in Yankee's best of NE awards"
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W257AU - 99.3 FM; St. Johnsbury, VT - Rebroadcast of WMOO
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Two railroads traverse the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont:
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241:, with a summit elevation of 3,439 feet (1,048 m).
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in the counties are of interest in connection with the
2955:"Kingdom Trails Nordic Adventure Center - Ski Vermont"
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is the only incorporated city in the tri-county area.
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The Northeast Kingdom is bordered on the east by the
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Northeast Kingdom International Airport - FlyNEK.com
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W276DK - 103.1 FM; Newport, VT - Rebroadcast of WIKE
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places most of its action in the Northeast Kingdom.
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was used as the filming location for the 1993 movie
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pact of five tribes which banded together to combat
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479:Transitional dominant vegetation types of Northern
344:found in many of the region's mountains and in the
2220:Longstreet Highroad Guide to the Vermont Mountains
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2019:"Is The Northeast Kingdom Really So 'Different'?"
600:system, the Northeast Kingdom has a Warm-summer,
495:) with transitional vegetation forms of Northern
217:Railroad Street in downtown St. Johnsbury in 2011
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1999:Essex–Orleans Vermont Senate District, 2002–2012
144:. The term "Northeast Kingdom" is attributed to
140:counties and with a population of 64,764 at the
2746:"Aiken coined "Northeast Kingdom" 60 years ago"
2491:
3093:State transportation money is based on traffic
2973:"Foliage road tour in vt's northeast kinghdom"
2630:
2617:"PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University"
1616:. Most of the track through the Kingdom meets
468:) with a dominant vegetation form of Northern
449:) with a dominant vegetation form of Northern
426:) with a dominant vegetation form of Northern
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351:The remaining geology was created during the
156:, who first used the term in a 1949 speech.
3279:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2889:"Water district working towards arsenic fix"
2583:
2476:
2218:Nancy Bazilchuk and Rick Strimbeck. (1999).
2177:"The National Geographic Society Press Room"
1954:Many areas of the Northeast Kingdom receive
1835:- 90.5 FM; St. Johnsbury, VT - Religious - "
2324:"Geological Society of American Conference"
1658:, Caledonia County State Airport (KCDA) in
414:A dominant vegetation type of Northeastern
331:Two land masses collided at the end of the
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3343:
2845:"Northeast Kingdom Vermont Radio Stations"
1633:St. Johnsbury and Lamoille County Railroad
1470:Municipalities are governed by an elected
2586:Maine ties Vt. for record low temperature
2511:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 1A, 26A, 27A.
2496:, Chris and Ellen Braithwaite, p. 13
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2253:Geologic history of the Champlain Valley
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2457:United States Department of Agriculture
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2064:. Northeast Kingdom Chamber of Commerce
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626:values < −48 °F (−44 °C).
460:A dominant vegetation type of Northern
437:A dominant vegetation type of Northern
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3105:
2536:
2453:"USDA Interactive Plant Hardiness Map"
1874:- 96.5 FM; Orleans, VT - Religious - "
1335:
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3206:
3091:Creaser, Richard (October 22, 2008).
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2815:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 30A, 31A.
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1942:The Northeast Kingdom is part of the
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1455:the county, but funded by the state.
1410:regulatory activity. Only the one in
244:The Kingdom encompasses 55 towns and
81:2,030 sq mi (5,250 km)
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2120:. September 23, 2003. Archived from
1553:; Rural Edge, formerly known as the
3305:
3108:"Railroading sees a bit of rebirth"
2479:State hopes moose season culls herd
2303:Generalized Geologic Map of Vermont
1817:(rebroadcasts WMTK Littleton, N.H.)
1418:, Morgan, Westmore, and Lunenburg.
13:
3106:Usatch, Brad (November 23, 2016).
2887:Trail, Elizabeth (June 14, 2017).
2584:Adams, Glenn (February 11, 2009).
1974:(PBS), St. Johnsbury, Vermont PBS
1868:- 96.1 FM; Newport, VT - Religious
1625:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
588:moved into the area in the 1950s.
270:by Patricia Schultz. In 2006, the
268:1,000 Places to See Before You Die
14:
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3318:
3308:VPR Classical broadcasts from I.P
2477:Rathke, Lisa (October 17, 2008).
2187:from the original on May 21, 2011
1564:
1389:
120:) is the northeast corner of the
3910:
2541:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 23A.
2526:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 19A.
2062:"Vermont's Northeast Kingdom is"
1929:broadcasts classical music from
1923:" (rebroadcasts WNCS/Montpelier)
1901:- 105.5 FM; St. Johnsbury, VT -
1492:Northeast Kingdom Human Services
1485:
571:were spotted. These prey on the
38:
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3227:
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3211:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 3A.
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3196:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 3A.
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3173:
3126:
3114:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 27A
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1826:- 88.5 FM; St. Johnsbury, VT -
1804:- 1340 AM; St. Johnsbury, VT -
1771:- published monthly in Danville
1577:, just north of the village of
1435:
3265:, www.radiostationworld.com).
2895:. Barton, Vermont. pp. 8A
2552:Draft Environmental Assessment
2274:"Digital Commons - Middlebury"
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2131:
2107:
2094:
2076:
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2033:
2011:
1854:- 92.1 FM; Derby Center, VT -
1780:- published weekly in Hardwick
1644:Rural Community Transportation
1359:Perhaps as many as a thousand
18:Area in Vermont, United States
1:
2605:. Barton, Vermont. p. 1.
2233:Child, Hamilton. (May 1887).
2004:
1937:
1845:- 91.5 FM; Lyndonville, VT -
1733:
1698:was largely shot in Peacham.
1443:
1131:Average snowfall inches (cm)
649:2007 Valentine's Day Blizzard
598:Köppen climate classification
3703:Green Mountain Film Festival
3027:"Kingdom Trails Association"
2790:"Locations & Directions"
1753:- published weekly in Barton
1588:
408:potential natural vegetation
208:
163:, just a few miles from the
7:
2761:Vermont's Northland Journal
2645:Native Americans in Vermont
2349:"The University of Vermont"
2205:United States 2010 census.
2084:"Various Vermont Mountains"
1992:
1649:
1520:is produced in the region.
1382:European diseases, such as
917:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
777:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
272:National Geographic Society
128:, approximately comprising
10:
3990:
3974:Northeast Kingdom, Vermont
3780:Vermont Air National Guard
3235:"Movies filmed in Vermont"
3180:Lamoille Valley Rail Trail
2404:"The Mountains of Vermont"
2104:7½-minute quadrangle, 1988
1915:- 95.7 FM; Danville, VT -
1788:
1598:Washington County Railroad
1523:
1505:
1500:
1474:and managed by an elected
1447:
1352:From 1000 BCE to 1600 CE,
1330:
1322:
657:
591:
296:
3906:
3840:
3716:
3690:
3570:
3502:
3419:
3388:
3376:
3296:retrieved on May 13, 2007
3224:accessed February 1, 2008
3165:Cite uses generic title (
3062:http://www.ruraledge.org/
2671:"First Nations Histories"
2374:"America's Volcanic Past"
2161:Cite uses generic title (
1813:- 1490 AM; Newport, VT -
1248:
1200:
1130:
1056:
986:
916:
846:
776:
706:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
602:Humid continental climate
394:after the water receded.
289:(4,621), and the city of
98:
90:
85:
77:
72:
64:
56:
37:
30:
23:
3708:Strolling of the Heifers
3306:VPR (October 28, 2008).
3269:. radiostationworld.com.
3009:"Kingdom Heritage - fpr"
2588:. Burlington Free Press.
2481:. Burlington Free Press.
2102:Seneca Mountain, Vermont
1986:Public-access television
1944:Burlington / Plattsburgh
1884:- 97.7 FM; Lyndon, VT -
1784:
1728:
523:
397:
179:; and to the southwest,
3252:retrieved June 29, 2008
3134:"NVDA - Page Not Found"
2977:www.foliage-vermont.com
2139:"NVDA - Page Not Found"
2100:U.S. Geological Survey
1917:Adult Album Alternative
1544:
1356:inhabited the Kingdom.
229:. The highest point is
225:and on the west by the
3775:Vermont National Guard
3182:; accessed 2017.09.24.
2561:retrieved May 28, 2008
2127:on September 23, 2003.
1886:Hot Adult Contemporary
1856:Hot Adult Contemporary
1690:novel of the same name
1638:
1581:
309:
218:
167:border; to the north,
3262:Hokenson, Thomas C. (
2792:. Dartmouth-Hitchcock
2641:"The Flow of History"
2384:on September 23, 2006
2115:"Transportation Plan"
1759:Newport Daily Express
1573:The "Iron Bridge" in
1572:
1450:Government of Vermont
304:
216:
102:32/sq mi (12/km)
3825:Stella quarta decima
3074:"Lyndon Outing Club"
2725:Iroquois Confederacy
2207:U.S. Census website.
2041:"Experience the NEK"
1931:Island Pond, Vermont
1828:Vermont Public Radio
1666:Solid waste disposal
1606:White River Junction
1555:Gilman Housing Trust
1510:In 2010 the largest
1369:Wabanaki Confederacy
707:Record high °F (°C)
517:plant hardiness zone
363:features, including
281:(population 7,603),
99: • Density
3941: /
3805:Tourist attractions
3785:Vermont State Guard
2700:Wabanki Confederacy
2408:The Green Mountains
2249:"Shelburne Geology"
2222:. Longstreet Press.
2088:academics.smcvt.edu
1602:Vermont Rail System
1397:Howard Frank Mosher
1336:Early human history
987:Record low °F (°C)
847:Daily mean °F (°C)
378:The retreat of the
305:Jay Peak seen from
250:The city of Newport
150:Governor of Vermont
3917:Vermont portal
3698:Vermont State Fair
2959:www.skivermont.com
2721:"Native Languages"
2696:"Native Languages"
2572:Black River, Maine
2557:2008-06-26 at the
1847:Vermont Public Co.
1768:North Star Monthly
1695:The Spitfire Grill
1675:In popular culture
1582:
1472:Board of Selectmen
487:) and Appalachian
310:
219:
116:" and abbreviated
91: • Total
78: • Total
44:Panoramic view of
3924:
3923:
3800:Tallest buildings
3521:metropolitan area
3411:Northeast Kingdom
3237:. March 21, 2015.
3144:on April 18, 2007
3078:www.skilyndon.com
3031:kingdomtrails.org
2876:. pp. 10–11.
2833:on June 12, 2010.
2570:This was tied by
2237:. Hamilton Child.
1742:Caledonian-Record
1327:
1326:
1203:relative humidity
596:According to the
402:According to the
365:Lake Memphremagog
346:Connecticut River
333:Ordovician Period
223:Connecticut River
112:(also, locally, "
110:Northeast Kingdom
106:
105:
25:Northeast Kingdom
3981:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3937:
3934:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3810:Vermont Republic
3552:South Burlington
3396:Champlain Valley
3359:
3352:
3345:
3336:
3335:
3312:
3311:
3310:. the Chronicle.
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3278:
3270:
3259:
3253:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3231:
3225:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3189:
3183:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3163:
3161:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3140:. Archived from
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3095:. the Chronicle.
3088:
3082:
3081:
3070:
3064:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2941:www.vtliving.com
2933:
2927:
2925:Vermontmaple.org
2922:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2847:. Vermont Living
2841:
2835:
2834:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2651:on July 14, 2006
2647:. Archived from
2637:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2568:
2562:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2449:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2380:. Archived from
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2157:
2149:
2143:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2119:
2111:
2105:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2021:. Vermont Public
2015:
1970:UHF Channel 20,
1956:cable television
1777:Hardwick Gazette
1711:'s books in the
1692:. The 1996 film
1528:The area offers
1403:Patent medicines
1361:Cowasuck Indians
655:
654:
586:Virginia opossum
544:, deer, bobcat,
320:The presence of
177:Canada–US border
46:Willoughby Notch
42:
21:
20:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3969:Vermont culture
3959:
3958:
3949:
3947:
3945:44.64°N 72.04°W
3943:
3940:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3920:
3911:
3909:
3902:
3836:
3712:
3686:
3575:(pop. >5000)
3574:
3566:
3498:
3415:
3406:Mount Mansfield
3401:Green Mountains
3384:
3372:
3363:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3304:
3300:
3292:
3288:
3272:
3271:
3260:
3256:
3246:
3242:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3220:
3216:
3205:
3201:
3190:
3186:
3178:
3174:
3164:
3155:
3154:
3147:
3145:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3117:
3115:
3104:
3100:
3089:
3085:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3056:
3052:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3013:fpr.vermont.gov
3007:
3006:
3002:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2919:
2912:
2908:
2898:
2896:
2885:
2881:
2874:Barton, Vermont
2864:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2809:
2805:
2795:
2793:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2757:
2753:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2679:
2677:
2675:Abenaki History
2669:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2597:
2593:
2582:
2578:
2569:
2565:
2559:Wayback Machine
2550:
2546:
2535:
2531:
2520:
2516:
2505:
2501:
2490:
2486:
2475:
2471:
2461:
2459:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2357:
2355:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2299:"About Geology"
2297:
2296:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2231:
2227:
2216:
2212:
2204:
2200:
2190:
2188:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2160:
2151:
2150:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2124:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2099:
2095:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2007:
1995:
1949:Mount Mansfield
1940:
1793:
1787:
1736:
1731:
1719:Chris Bohjalian
1688:, based on the
1677:
1668:
1652:
1641:
1591:
1567:
1547:
1530:mountain biking
1526:
1508:
1503:
1488:
1452:
1446:
1438:
1392:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
594:
569:Canadian lynxes
540:There are also
526:
400:
369:Lake Willoughby
357:Devonian Period
337:Green Mountains
315:Taconic orogeny
299:
227:Green Mountains
211:
175:, close to the
146:George D. Aiken
52:
33:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3987:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3922:
3921:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3738:
3733:
3731:Climate change
3728:
3722:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3694:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3527:Essex Junction
3524:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3385:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3320:
3319:External links
3317:
3314:
3313:
3298:
3286:
3254:
3249:New York Times
3240:
3226:
3222:New York Times
3214:
3199:
3184:
3172:
3125:
3098:
3083:
3065:
3050:
3036:
3018:
3000:
2982:
2964:
2946:
2928:
2917:
2906:
2879:
2858:
2836:
2818:
2803:
2781:
2770:
2751:
2737:
2712:
2687:
2662:
2629:
2608:
2591:
2576:
2563:
2544:
2529:
2514:
2499:
2484:
2469:
2441:
2420:
2395:
2365:
2340:
2315:
2290:
2265:
2240:
2225:
2210:
2198:
2168:
2130:
2106:
2093:
2075:
2053:
2032:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1924:
1910:
1896:
1893:
1879:
1869:
1863:
1849:
1840:
1830:
1821:
1818:
1808:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1746:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1651:
1648:
1640:
1637:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1608:north through
1590:
1587:
1566:
1565:Infrastructure
1563:
1546:
1543:
1525:
1522:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1487:
1484:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1434:
1391:
1390:Modern history
1388:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1323:Source: PRISM
1320:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
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828:
823:
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813:
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793:
788:
783:
778:
774:
773:
768:
763:
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753:
748:
743:
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733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
704:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
660:
659:
653:
593:
590:
525:
522:
513:
512:
503:) and Eastern
477:
458:
435:
399:
396:
388:Atlantic Ocean
298:
295:
210:
207:
104:
103:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
43:
35:
34:
31:
28:
27:
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3986:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3957:
3954:
3950:44.64; -72.04
3919:
3918:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
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3869:
3866:
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3859:
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3808:
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3801:
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3788:
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3768:
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3761:
3759:
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3747:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3739:
3737:
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3209:The Chronicle
3203:
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3194:The Chronicle
3188:
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3176:
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3159:
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3129:
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3112:The Chronicle
3109:
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3058:The Chronicle
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2893:The Chronicle
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2875:
2871:
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2869:The Chronicle
2862:
2846:
2840:
2832:
2828:
2822:
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2813:The Chronicle
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2602:the Chronicle
2595:
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2580:
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2539:The Chronicle
2533:
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2524:The Chronicle
2518:
2510:
2509:The Chronicle
2503:
2495:
2494:the chronicle
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2155:
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2123:
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2110:
2103:
2097:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2063:
2057:
2042:
2036:
2020:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1952:
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1945:
1932:
1928:
1927:WVTI 106.9 FM
1925:
1922:
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1914:
1911:
1908:
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1900:
1897:
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1750:The Chronicle
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1610:St. Johnsbury
1607:
1603:
1600:(part of the
1599:
1596:
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1594:
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1542:
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1059:precipitation
1055:
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582:
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573:snowshoe hare
570:
565:
563:
562:ruffed grouse
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:
536:
531:
528:In 1996, the
521:
518:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
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404:A. W. Kuchler
395:
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384:Champlain Sea
381:
376:
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366:
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354:
349:
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338:
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329:
327:
326:glacial drift
323:
322:kame terraces
318:
316:
308:
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294:
292:
288:
285:(5,981), and
284:
280:
279:St. Johnsbury
275:
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269:
264:
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247:
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240:
236:
235:East Mountain
232:
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206:
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196:
195:Interstate 93
192:
191:Interstate 91
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
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165:New Hampshire
162:
161:St. Johnsbury
157:
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97:
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71:
67:
63:
60:United States
59:
55:
51:
47:
41:
36:
29:
22:
16:
3926:
3908:
3868:Demographics
3758:Constitution
3410:
3378:
3307:
3301:
3289:
3257:
3248:
3243:
3229:
3217:
3208:
3202:
3193:
3187:
3175:
3146:. Retrieved
3142:the original
3138:www.nvda.net
3137:
3128:
3116:. Retrieved
3111:
3101:
3092:
3086:
3077:
3068:
3057:
3053:
3045:"Rural Edge"
3039:
3030:
3021:
3012:
3003:
2994:
2985:
2976:
2967:
2958:
2949:
2940:
2931:
2920:
2909:
2897:. Retrieved
2892:
2882:
2867:
2861:
2851:December 29,
2849:. Retrieved
2839:
2831:the original
2821:
2812:
2806:
2796:December 29,
2794:. Retrieved
2784:
2773:
2764:
2760:
2754:
2740:
2730:December 24,
2728:. Retrieved
2724:
2715:
2705:December 24,
2703:. Retrieved
2699:
2690:
2678:. Retrieved
2674:
2665:
2655:December 24,
2653:. Retrieved
2649:the original
2644:
2620:. Retrieved
2611:
2600:
2594:
2585:
2579:
2566:
2547:
2538:
2532:
2523:
2517:
2508:
2502:
2493:
2487:
2478:
2472:
2460:. Retrieved
2432:. Retrieved
2423:
2413:December 24,
2411:. Retrieved
2407:
2398:
2388:December 24,
2386:. Retrieved
2382:the original
2378:Crystal Lake
2377:
2368:
2358:December 24,
2356:. Retrieved
2352:
2343:
2333:December 24,
2331:. Retrieved
2327:
2318:
2308:December 24,
2306:. Retrieved
2302:
2293:
2283:December 28,
2281:. Retrieved
2277:
2268:
2258:December 24,
2256:. Retrieved
2252:
2243:
2234:
2228:
2219:
2213:
2201:
2191:December 22,
2189:. Retrieved
2180:
2171:
2146:www.nvda.net
2145:
2133:
2122:the original
2109:
2101:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2068:December 29,
2066:. Retrieved
2056:
2044:. Retrieved
2035:
2023:. Retrieved
2013:
1958:from either
1953:
1941:
1920:
1906:
1889:
1875:
1859:
1836:
1815:Classic Rock
1795:
1794:
1774:
1765:
1756:
1748:
1739:
1722:
1717:
1709:Archer Mayor
1706:
1702:Robert Frost
1700:
1693:
1683:
1678:
1669:
1653:
1642:
1630:
1592:
1583:
1548:
1527:
1516:
1512:dairy farmer
1509:
1496:
1489:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1439:
1436:Demographics
1430:
1423:
1420:
1408:
1401:
1393:
1381:
1365:Essex County
1358:
1351:
1339:
1061:inches (mm)
646:
642:Essex County
631:
628:
609:
605:
595:
583:
577:
566:
539:
527:
514:
508:
500:
492:
484:
473:
465:
454:
446:
431:
423:
401:
377:
373:Crystal Lake
361:
350:
330:
319:
311:
276:
267:
265:
254:
243:
220:
203:U.S. Route 2
199:U.S. Route 5
189:
158:
154:U.S. senator
117:
113:
109:
107:
50:Mount Pisgah
15:
3948: /
3893:LGBT rights
3763:Delegations
3652:Springfield
3592:Brattleboro
3148:February 9,
3118:December 1,
2680:December 2,
2622:October 10,
2462:October 10,
2434:October 10,
2046:February 9,
2025:February 9,
1713:Joe Gunther
1707:Several of
1685:Ethan Frome
1660:Lyndonville
1618:FRA Class 2
1579:Island Pond
1518:Maple syrup
634:New England
558:wild turkey
142:2010 census
114:The Kingdom
3963:Categories
3753:Government
3657:St. Albans
3642:Northfield
3637:Morristown
3627:Middlebury
3597:Colchester
3587:Bennington
3547:St. Albans
3532:Montpelier
3517:Burlington
3484:Washington
3459:Grand Isle
3444:Chittenden
3434:Bennington
3380:Montpelier
2005:References
1938:Television
1890:Magic 97.7
1789:See also:
1734:Newspapers
1448:See also:
1444:Government
1373:Algonquian
638:Bloomfield
624:wind chill
615:heat index
542:black bear
380:Laurentide
239:East Haven
122:U.S. state
86:Population
3883:Elections
3878:Education
3746:Mountains
3741:Geography
3691:Festivals
3682:Williston
3677:Waterbury
3647:Shelburne
3557:Vergennes
3439:Caledonia
3383:(capital)
1921:The Point
1907:Kix 105.5
1876:The Light
1837:The Light
1806:Standards
1721:'s novel
1589:Railroads
1421:In 2010,
1416:Colebrook
1363:lived in
1347:mastodons
1251:dew point
619:dew point
567:In 2013,
497:Hardwoods
481:Hardwoods
470:Hardwoods
462:Hardwoods
451:Hardwoods
439:Hardwoods
386:from the
293:(4,589).
209:Geography
148:, former
138:Caledonia
3898:Politics
3888:Gun laws
3853:Cannabis
3848:Abortion
3832:Villages
3612:Hartford
3562:Winooski
3464:Lamoille
3454:Franklin
3421:Counties
3275:cite web
3158:cite web
2995:lvrt.org
2899:July 12,
2767:(3): 22.
2574:in 2009.
2555:Archived
2185:Archived
2154:cite web
1993:See also
1988:cable TV
1796:Sources:
1723:Midwives
1656:Coventry
1650:Airports
1575:Brighton
1426:magazine
1412:Coventry
1377:Iroquois
1354:Abenakis
1263:(−12.7)
1258:(−13.7)
1253:°F (°C)
1249:Average
1201:Average
1126:(1,121)
1057:Average
1052:(−40.4)
1047:(−33.2)
1042:(−23.0)
1007:(−19.2)
1002:(−34.3)
997:(−40.4)
992:(−38.1)
977:(−11.8)
932:(−10.1)
927:(−16.2)
922:(−17.1)
852:(−11.1)
507:Forest (
505:Hardwood
430:Forest (
392:appeared
353:Silurian
348:Valley.
231:Jay Peak
185:Danville
181:Hardwick
3936:72°02′W
3933:44°38′N
3873:Economy
3858:Culture
3841:Society
3815:coinage
3795:Symbols
3770:History
3726:Outline
3672:Swanton
3622:Jericho
3607:Fairfax
3542:Rutland
3537:Newport
3494:Windsor
3489:Windham
3479:Rutland
3474:Orleans
3429:Addison
3389:Regions
3370:Vermont
1979:WWBI-LP
1964:Charter
1960:Comcast
1903:Country
1866:WJSY-LP
1843:WVLR-FM
1680:Peacham
1614:Newport
1524:Tourism
1506:Farming
1501:Economy
1482:clerk.
1343:caribou
1331:History
1313:(−9.7)
1308:(−2.9)
1293:(12.3)
1288:(12.9)
1273:(−2.6)
1268:(−8.8)
1037:(−9.5)
1032:(−5.3)
1017:(−2.8)
1012:(−6.8)
982:(−1.4)
972:(−3.9)
957:(11.2)
952:(11.8)
937:(−2.1)
907:(−6.7)
892:(12.9)
887:(17.4)
882:(18.2)
877:(15.8)
872:(10.7)
862:(−3.8)
857:(−9.4)
842:(10.8)
837:(−1.7)
827:(12.2)
822:(19.3)
817:(23.8)
812:(24.6)
807:(22.4)
802:(17.6)
797:(10.3)
787:(−2.6)
782:(−5.0)
772:(32.8)
767:(15.4)
762:(19.4)
757:(24.9)
752:(31.8)
747:(32.0)
742:(32.8)
737:(32.6)
732:(29.9)
727:(28.6)
722:(24.3)
717:(17.3)
712:(14.8)
592:Climate
579:Martens
548:, fox,
428:Conifer
342:granite
307:Big Jay
297:Geology
291:Newport
169:Newport
134:Orleans
126:Vermont
68:Vermont
57:Country
3790:People
3718:Topics
3632:Milton
3617:Lyndon
3504:Cities
3469:Orange
3294:MOO 92
2991:"HOME"
1872:W243AE
1860:Moo 92
1536:, and
1534:skiing
1424:Yankee
1384:typhus
1371:, the
1318:(0.0)
1303:(2.2)
1298:(8.4)
1283:(9.9)
1278:(3.7)
1196:(298)
1181:(4.3)
1176:(0.0)
1171:(0.0)
1166:(0.0)
1161:(0.0)
1156:(1.0)
1111:(110)
1106:(103)
1101:(116)
1096:(122)
1091:(121)
1086:(100)
1027:(0.1)
1022:(0.2)
967:(0.8)
962:(6.6)
947:(9.3)
942:(3.8)
912:(4.7)
902:(0.6)
897:(6.5)
867:(4.1)
832:(5.0)
792:(2.4)
663:Month
560:, and
550:fisher
546:coyote
443:Spruce
416:Spruce
371:, and
283:Lyndon
257:spruce
201:, and
152:and a
136:, and
94:64,764
3863:Crime
3667:Stowe
3602:Essex
3582:Barre
3572:Towns
3512:Barre
3449:Essex
3366:State
2142:(PDF)
2125:(PDF)
2118:(PDF)
1785:Radio
1729:Media
1559:Burke
1244:72.2
1241:79.6
1238:77.7
1235:73.8
1232:74.1
1229:71.7
1226:71.3
1223:68.0
1220:61.9
1217:61.8
1214:68.5
1211:76.7
1208:81.0
1194:117.4
1191:(68)
1186:(21)
1151:(14)
1146:(59)
1141:(62)
1136:(68)
1124:44.13
1121:(80)
1116:(98)
1081:(77)
1076:(68)
1071:(56)
1066:(70)
1050:−40.7
1045:−27.8
1000:−29.7
995:−40.7
990:−36.6
702:Year
530:moose
524:Fauna
406:U.S.
398:Flora
287:Derby
246:gores
173:Derby
130:Essex
65:State
3820:flag
3736:Flag
3281:link
3167:help
3150:2007
3120:2016
2901:2017
2853:2015
2798:2015
2732:2006
2707:2006
2682:2006
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