404:
and their traditional land were a sub-group of the
Ngarluma people and lands – is controversial. There are two reasons for this: the Jaburara dialect is sometimes considered a dialect in its own right, or a dialect of Martuthunira. There is evidence for the latter theory in the word
836:
However, this boundary is controversial for two reasons: it includes areas also regarded as traditional country by many
Martuthunira people and; for legal reasons, it does not include areas that many Ngarluma people consider to fall into their traditional country.
399:
Apart from the division between
Ngarluma and Kariyarra, there are either three or four sub-dialects within Ngarluma. However, the inclusion of Jaburara – which parallels a belief amongst Ngarluma people that the
299:'s 1967 classification scheme, Ngarluma was classed as a "Coastal Ngayarda" (or Ngaryarta) language, but the separation of the group into "Coastal" and "Inland" groups is no longer considered valid.
3092:
860:
160:
1141:
901:
818:
920:
757:
265:, was a third member of the continuum. However, it is clear that Jaburara had a distinct identity that has been partly obscured by a
1134:
790:
684:
1127:
810:
722:
677:
215:
1970:
1032:
670:
1842:
663:
409:, which means "northerners" in the languages of the region: the traditional lands of the Jaburara, on and around the
2816:
2230:
794:
205:
895:
1347:
806:
740:
386:
181:
751:
269:
during the late 19th century, and there is some evidence that
Jaburara may have instead been a dialect of
3087:
2828:
1542:
830:
460:
296:
2722:
2521:
2377:
2365:
2180:
1878:
1545:
1514:
1150:
826:
802:
798:
731:
481:
252:
91:
280:, they are considered distinct languages by their speakers, reflecting an ethnic division between the
1993:
1821:
1432:
755:
2788:
1750:
1623:
1499:
1337:
1196:
1181:
596:
575:
467:
950:
Dench, Alan (1998). "Pidgin
Ngarluma: an indigenous contact language in North Western Australia".
928:
2579:
2551:
1699:
1375:
1332:
1265:
589:
562:
555:
2752:
2742:
2073:
2058:
2012:
1940:
1898:
1025:
645:
582:
2962:
2655:
2642:
2454:
2271:
2030:
1447:
1327:
1275:
1092:
706:
638:
610:
289:
277:
270:
2850:
2983:
2891:
2837:
2691:
2627:
2490:
2339:
2311:
2306:
2121:
2050:
2035:
1965:
1960:
1950:
1945:
1935:
1903:
1816:
1722:
1707:
1656:
1651:
1641:
1468:
1437:
1285:
1280:
1104:
1078:
631:
568:
500:
266:
856:
172:
166:
8:
2957:
2947:
2937:
2881:
2767:
2632:
2485:
2462:
2439:
2296:
1988:
1890:
1803:
1763:
1730:
1666:
1646:
1557:
1385:
1311:
1191:
1186:
624:
542:
414:
3053:
3025:
3015:
2942:
2855:
2671:
2467:
2408:
2400:
2385:
2362:
2329:
2253:
2243:
2220:
2149:
2144:
2063:
2025:
1955:
1875:
1811:
1788:
1783:
1773:
1740:
1735:
1631:
1575:
1519:
1478:
1406:
1360:
1355:
1290:
1216:
1087:
1041:
617:
537:
244:
96:
2734:
378:
152:
3040:
3007:
2988:
2978:
2927:
2917:
2686:
2574:
2569:
2561:
2518:
2477:
2390:
2334:
2321:
2301:
2238:
2200:
2177:
2131:
2108:
2088:
2078:
2020:
1919:
1913:
1758:
1613:
1608:
1570:
1494:
1473:
1442:
1380:
1306:
1260:
1201:
1057:
1018:
891:
653:
532:
505:
248:
240:
211:
3097:
3030:
2993:
2932:
2860:
2845:
2762:
2612:
2607:
2597:
2589:
2546:
2444:
2418:
2286:
2266:
2261:
2215:
2205:
2154:
2139:
2116:
2098:
1778:
1689:
1684:
1598:
1580:
1565:
1509:
1427:
1422:
1401:
1270:
1211:
1206:
1108:
1098:
1072:
959:
692:
527:
517:
510:
410:
285:
256:
3058:
3048:
3020:
2952:
2922:
2912:
2793:
2772:
2757:
2747:
2676:
2622:
2602:
2541:
2495:
2426:
2291:
2276:
2210:
2192:
2093:
2068:
1980:
1927:
1852:
1837:
1793:
1768:
1712:
1679:
1590:
1504:
1365:
1242:
1226:
1221:
1163:
1067:
1062:
1052:
783:
604:
522:
329:
281:
83:
872:
391:
196:
186:
2896:
2886:
2876:
2698:
2533:
1847:
1674:
1636:
1463:
814:
905:
3081:
2083:
2040:
1603:
1252:
963:
888:
Aboriginal
Languages of Australia: A Revised Linguistic Survey of Australia
779:
925:
Handbook of
Western Australian Aboriginal languages south of the Kimberley
135:
128:
1119:
774:
Kariyarra people, prior to
European settlement occupied an area from the
716:
454:
442:
822:
775:
447:
1010:
861:
Australian
Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
475:
401:
371:
352:
145:
119:
45:
793:
Area (including the
Jaburara lands) covers the area southward from
417:
lands (whereas the Jaburara are mostly west of the Ngarluma lands).
261:
223:
64:
56:
424:
form of Ngarluma was once used as a contact language in the area.
549:
219:
60:
981:. Port Hedland: Wangka Maya, Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre.
3093:
Endangered indigenous Australian languages in Western Australia
421:
338:
992:
276:
While Ngarluma and Kariyarra, as parts of a continuum, are
859:
Ngarluma at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database,
222:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
890:. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.
921:"4.4 North of the Gascoyne River to Port Hedland"
765:Prenasal consonants also occur phonetically as .
16:Endangered Ngayarda language of Western Australia
3079:
873:Endangered Languages Project data for Kariyarra
863: (see the info box for additional links)
1135:
1026:
886:Oates, Lynette F.; Oates, William J. (1970).
769:
813:and; from the east side of the mouth of the
288:. As such they may be regarded as a single,
267:collapse in the numbers of Jaburara speakers
1149:
1142:
1128:
1033:
1019:
918:
885:
2361:
1874:
852:
850:
2517:
2176:
1541:
2815:
995:. Ngarluma Aboriginal Corporation. 2012
979:A morphological description of Ngarluma
216:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
3080:
2720:
1040:
952:Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages
847:
2814:
2719:
2516:
2360:
2175:
1873:
1540:
1161:
1123:
1014:
949:
976:
413:, are generally to the north of the
1162:
866:
811:Millstream-Chichester National Park
13:
14:
3109:
993:"Ngarluma Aboriginal Corporation"
739:
730:
721:
705:
683:
676:
669:
662:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
561:
554:
480:
466:
459:
255:. Some sources suggest that an
985:
970:
943:
912:
878:
809:, to the northern boundary of
1:
919:Thieberger, Nicholas (1996).
490:
840:
427:
253:Pama–Nyungan language family
7:
754:can also be heard as a tap
302:
297:Carl Georg von Brandenstein
10:
3114:
791:Native Title Determination
770:Linguistic area/boundaries
3039:
3006:
2971:
2905:
2869:
2836:
2827:
2823:
2810:
2781:
2733:
2729:
2715:
2664:
2588:
2560:
2532:
2528:
2512:
2476:
2453:
2417:
2399:
2376:
2372:
2356:
2320:
2252:
2229:
2191:
2187:
2171:
2130:
2107:
2049:
2011:
1979:
1926:
1912:
1889:
1885:
1869:
1830:
1802:
1749:
1721:
1698:
1665:
1622:
1589:
1556:
1552:
1536:
1487:
1456:
1415:
1394:
1346:
1320:
1299:
1251:
1235:
1174:
1170:
1157:
1048:
825:, including the towns of
720:
509:
504:
499:
497:
479:
432:
385:
369:
350:
345:
326:
314:
309:
243:, which is a part of the
202:
192:
180:
159:
143:
117:
112:
80:
70:
52:
41:
33:
28:
23:
817:to the west side of the
964:10.1075/jpcl.13.1.02den
2681:old Wangkumara/Garlali
2650:new Wangkumara/Garlali
1151:Pama–Nyungan languages
977:Kohn, Allison (2012).
789:The official Ngarluma
204:This article contains
139: – Kariyarra
1971:Woiwurrung–Taungurung
290:pluricentric language
278:mutually intelligible
132: – Ngarluma
3031:Gangalidda (Yukulta)
2817:Macro-Pama–Nyungan?
3088:Ngayarda languages
2282:Ngarluma-Kariyarra
1042:Ngayarda languages
884:See, for example:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3002:
3001:
2870:Mangarrayi-Marran
2829:Macro-Gunwinyguan
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2231:Kanyara–Mantharta
2167:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2007:
2006:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1515:Mbariman-Gudhinma
1117:
1116:
931:on 4 January 1997
782:and south to the
747:
746:
488:
487:
397:
396:
286:Kariyarra peoples
249:Western Australia
245:Ngayarda language
241:dialect continuum
239:are members of a
230:
229:
212:rendering support
208:phonetic symbols.
37:Western Australia
3105:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2824:
2812:
2811:
2731:
2730:
2717:
2716:
2530:
2529:
2514:
2513:
2374:
2373:
2358:
2357:
2189:
2188:
2173:
2172:
1998:Kuurn Kopan Noot
1994:Dhauwurd Wurrung
1924:
1923:
1887:
1886:
1871:
1870:
1822:Pallanganmiddang
1554:
1553:
1538:
1537:
1433:Aghu Tharrnggala
1172:
1171:
1159:
1158:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1012:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1000:
989:
983:
982:
974:
968:
967:
947:
941:
940:
938:
936:
927:. Archived from
916:
910:
909:
882:
876:
870:
864:
854:
761:
753:
743:
734:
725:
709:
687:
680:
673:
666:
648:
641:
634:
627:
620:
613:
599:
592:
585:
578:
571:
565:
558:
495:
494:
484:
470:
463:
437:
436:
411:Burrup Peninsula
381:
364:
355:
332:
307:
306:
175:
170: Ngarluma,
169:
155:
138:
131:
122:
86:
21:
20:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3063:
3035:
2998:
2967:
2901:
2865:
2819:
2798:
2777:
2725:
2703:
2660:
2637:Wangka-Yutjurru
2584:
2556:
2524:
2500:
2472:
2449:
2413:
2395:
2368:
2344:
2316:
2248:
2225:
2183:
2159:
2126:
2103:
2045:
2003:
1975:
1941:Dja Dja Wurrung
1922:
1908:
1881:
1857:
1826:
1798:
1745:
1717:
1694:
1661:
1618:
1585:
1548:
1524:
1500:Flinders Island
1483:
1452:
1411:
1390:
1342:
1338:Guugu Yimidhirr
1316:
1295:
1247:
1231:
1197:Arritinngithigh
1182:Adithinngithigh
1166:
1164:Paman languages
1153:
1148:
1118:
1113:
1044:
1039:
1009:
1008:
998:
996:
991:
990:
986:
975:
971:
948:
944:
934:
932:
917:
913:
898:
883:
879:
871:
867:
855:
848:
843:
784:Hamersley Range
772:
493:
435:
430:
402:Jaburara people
377:
362:
351:
341:
337:Ngarluma-based
333:
330:Language family
328:
317:
316:Native speakers
310:Pidgin Ngarluma
305:
257:extinct dialect
210:Without proper
176: Kariyarra
171:
165:
151:
134:
133:
127:
126:
118:
108:
87:
84:Language family
82:
73:
72:Native speakers
17:
12:
11:
5:
3111:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3045:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2873:
2871:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2840:
2831:
2821:
2820:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2789:Lower Burdekin
2785:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2727:
2726:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2580:Lower Arrernte
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2552:Western Desert
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2526:
2525:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2423:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2370:
2369:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2197:
2195:
2185:
2184:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2055:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2017:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1883:
1882:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1848:Kalaw Lagaw Ya
1845:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1550:
1549:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1376:Kuuk Thaayorre
1373:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
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815:Maitland River
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76:11 (2005)
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34:Native to
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2209:
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2059:Adnyamathanha
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1899:Yabula-Yabula
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1700:Gumbaynggiric
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1647:Gureng Gureng
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412:
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393:
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331:
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319:
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291:
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279:
274:
273:(see below).
272:
268:
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250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
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174:
168:
164:
162:
158:
154:
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103:
100:
99:
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93:
89:
85:
79:
75:
69:
66:
62:
58:
55:
51:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2963:Anindilyakwa
2723:Pama–Nyungan
2677:Bulloo River
2656:Yandruwandha
2643:Wilson River
2522:Pama–Nyungan
2434:Yindjilandji
2378:Ngumpin–Yapa
2366:Pama–Nyungan
2307:Yindjibarndi
2281:
2272:Martuthunira
2181:Pama–Nyungan
2013:Lower Murray
1879:Pama–Nyungan
1546:Pama–Nyungan
1328:Barrow Point
1093:Martuthunira
1083:
997:. Retrieved
987:
978:
972:
955:
951:
945:
933:. Retrieved
929:the original
924:
914:
887:
880:
868:
835:
819:Peawah River
795:Point Samson
788:
780:Port Hedland
773:
419:
415:Martuthunira
406:
398:
370:
358:
320:
294:
275:
271:Martuthunira
260:
236:
232:
231:
203:
144:
101:
92:Pama–Nyungan
18:
2984:Kungarakany
2906:Gunwinyguan
2892:Warndarrang
2692:Barranbinja
2628:Pitta Pitta
2491:Mayi-Kutuna
2455:Kalkatungic
2340:Nyangumarta
2312:Yinhawangka
2122:Ngadjunmaya
2036:Yitha-Yitha
1966:Wemba Wemba
1951:Madhi-Madhi
1946:Ledji-Ledji
1817:Gunaikurnai
1708:Kumbainggar
1469:Mbara-Yanga
1438:Ikarranggal
1286:Wik-Ngathan
1281:Wik-Mungkan
1266:Kugu-Muminh
1105:Yinjibarndi
1079:Yinhawangka
958:(1): 1–20.
717:Approximant
218:instead of
3082:Categories
2958:Nunggubuyu
2948:Rembarrnga
2938:Kunbarlang
2882:Mangarrayi
2838:Maningrida
2647:Bundhamara
2633:Wanggamala
2617:Yarluyandi
2486:Mayi-Kulan
2463:Kalkatungu
2440:Warluwarra
2419:Warluwaric
2297:Nyiyaparli
2051:Thura-Yura
1989:Bungandidj
1961:Wathaurong
1843:Bandjalang
1764:Darkinjung
1751:Yuin–Kuric
1731:Gamilaraay
1723:Wiradhuric
1624:Waka–Kabic
1520:Umbindhamu
1386:Yir-Yoront
1370:Ogh-Undjan
1312:Morrobolam
1192:Anguthimri
1187:Andjingith
999:12 October
935:12 October
897:0855750103
823:Whim Creek
776:Yule River
750:The trill
501:Peripheral
491:Consonants
422:pidginized
3054:Gunindiri
3016:Kayardild
2943:Ngalakgan
2928:Kunwinjku
2856:Gurr-goni
2851:Ndjébbana
2768:Ritharrŋu
2672:Baagandji
2468:Yalarnnga
2409:Warumungu
2401:Warumungu
2330:Karajarri
2244:Mantharta
2221:Yinggarda
2150:Natingero
2145:Kalaamaya
2064:Barngarla
2026:Ngayawung
1956:Wadi-Wadi
1920:Kolakngat
1891:Yotayotic
1812:Dhudhuroa
1804:Gippsland
1784:Ngunnawal
1774:Dhanggati
1741:Wiradjuri
1736:Ngiyambaa
1667:Durubalic
1642:Gabi-Gabi
1632:Barunggam
1576:Warrgamay
1558:Dyirbalic
1479:Walangama
1361:Kok Thawa
1356:Koko-Bera
1348:Southwest
1300:Lamalamic
1291:Wik-Ompom
1276:Wik-Me'nh
1236:Northeast
1217:Ndrangith
1088:Kariyarra
841:Footnotes
807:Roebourne
543:Retroflex
428:Phonology
372:Glottolog
353:ISO 639-3
251:, in the
247:group of
237:Kariyarra
197:Kariyarra
146:Glottolog
120:ISO 639-3
53:Ethnicity
46:Roebourne
29:Kariyarra
2989:Wardaman
2979:Gaagudju
2918:Uwinymil
2687:Muruwari
2575:Kaytetye
2570:Arrernte
2363:Northern
2302:Panyjima
2254:Ngayarta
2201:Badimaya
2089:Ngadjuri
2079:Narungga
1936:Bunurong
1904:Yotayota
1876:Southern
1789:Tharawal
1759:Awabakal
1657:Wuliwuli
1652:Wakawaka
1614:Warrongo
1571:Nyawaygi
1510:Kok Narr
1495:Djabugay
1474:Mbabaram
1457:Southern
1381:Kuuk Yak
1321:Yalanjic
1307:Lamalama
1261:Ayabadhu
1202:Awngthim
1084:Ngarluma
1058:Panyjima
831:Karratha
778:east to
538:Alveolar
407:jaburara
392:Ngarluma
379:pidg1247
303:Dialects
282:Ngarluma
262:Jaburara
233:Ngarluma
224:Help:IPA
187:Ngarluma
153:ngar1293
102:Ngarluma
97:Ngayarda
65:Jaburara
57:Ngarluma
24:Ngarluma
3098:Pilbara
3041:Garrwan
3008:Tangkic
2994:Wagiman
2933:Dalabon
2861:Nakkara
2846:Burarra
2613:Ngamini
2608:Mithaka
2598:Arabana
2562:Arandic
2519:Central
2445:Yanyuwa
2431:Bularnu
2391:Ngumbin
2386:Ngarrga
2335:Mangala
2322:Marrngu
2287:Nhuwala
2267:Kurrama
2262:Jurruru
2239:Kanyara
2216:Wajarri
2206:Malgana
2178:Western
2155:Nyungar
2140:Galaagu
2132:Nyungic
2117:Mirning
2109:Mirniny
2099:Wirangu
2031:Yaralde
2021:Keramin
1914:Kulinic
1779:Ngarigo
1690:Turrbal
1685:Nunukul
1609:Kingkel
1599:Bidjara
1581:Wulguru
1566:Dyirbal
1543:Eastern
1464:Agwamin
1448:Thaypan
1443:Takalak
1428:Angkula
1423:Alungul
1416:Thaypan
1407:Kuthant
1402:Kurtjar
1271:Pakanha
1212:Mbiywom
1207:Luthigh
1109:Kurrama
1099:Nhuwala
1073:Jurruru
906:2163908
827:Dampier
803:Wickham
799:Cossack
654:Lateral
550:Plosive
533:Palatal
506:Laminal
220:Unicode
161:AIATSIS
125:Either:
61:Kariera
3059:Waanyi
3049:Garrwa
3026:Minkin
3021:Lardil
2953:Ngandi
2913:Jawoyn
2794:Bindal
2763:Djinaŋ
2758:Djinba
2748:Dhuwal
2721:Other
2699:Yardli
2603:Diyari
2590:Karnic
2547:Wanman
2542:Ngardi
2496:Ngawun
2427:Wagaya
2292:Nyamal
2277:Ngarla
2211:Nhanda
2094:Nukunu
2074:Kuyani
2069:Kaurna
1853:Yidiny
1838:Anewan
1769:Dharug
1713:Yaygir
1680:Janday
1637:Dappil
1505:Gugadj
1395:Norman
1366:Kunjen
1243:Umpila
1227:Uradhi
1222:Ngkoth
1068:Nyamal
1063:Ngarla
1053:Palyku
904:
894:
693:Rhotic
528:Dental
518:Labial
511:Apical
433:Vowels
339:pidgin
295:Under
193:
42:Region
2972:Other
2923:Waray
2897:Yugul
2887:Marra
2877:Alawa
2782:Other
2773:Nhaŋu
2753:Djaŋu
2743:Dhaŋu
2735:Yolŋu
2665:Other
2623:Ngura
2193:Kartu
1981:Drual
1928:Kulin
1831:Other
1794:Wormi
1675:Guwar
1591:Maric
1488:Other
1175:North
821:near
760:]
756:[
605:Nasal
523:Velar
443:Front
2534:Wati
2478:Mayi
2084:Nauo
2041:Yuyu
1604:Biri
1107:and
1086:and
1001:2012
937:2012
892:ISBN
829:and
455:High
448:Back
359:None
321:None
284:and
235:and
48:area
1253:Wik
960:doi
902:NLA
857:W38
752:/r/
476:Low
387:ELP
363:mis
206:IPA
182:ELP
173:W39
167:W38
136:vka
129:nrl
3084::
956:13
954:.
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900:.
849:^
833:.
805:,
801:,
797:,
786:.
664:lĚŞ
625:nĚŞ
576:tĚŞ
420:A
292:.
259:,
63:,
59:,
1143:e
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758:Éľ
741:É»
732:j
723:w
707:r
685:É
678:l
671:ĘŽ
646:Éł
639:n
632:ɲ
618:Ĺ‹
611:m
597:É–
590:d
583:Éź
569:ɡ
566:/
563:k
556:b
482:a
468:u
461:i
365:)
361:(
226:.
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