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stone by stone. It took two decades for the
Spanish to reassert their control over the Rio Grande Pueblos but the Catholic Inquisition never made it back to Hopiland. In 1700, the Spanish friars had begun rebuilding a smaller church at Awatovi. During the winter of 1700–01, teams of men from the other Hopi villages sacked Awatovi at the request of the village chief, killed all the men of the village, and removed the women and children to other Hopi villages, then completely destroyed the village and burned it to the ground. Thereafter, despite intermittent attempts during the 18th century, the Spanish never re-established a presence in Hopi country.
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and its attempts to force assimilation. The rest of the Oraibi were called "friendlies" because of their acceptance of white people and culture. The "hostiles" refused to let their children attend school. In 1893, the Oraibi Day School was opened in the Oraibi village. Although the school was in the village, traditional parents still refused to allow their children to attend. Frustrated with this, the US Government often resorted to intimidation and force in the form of imprisonment as a means of punishment.
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600:. The purpose was to divide up communal tribal land into individual allotments by household, to encourage a model of European-American style subsistence farming on individually owned family plots of 640 acres (2.6 km) or less. The Department of Interior would declare remaining land "surplus" to the tribe's needs and make it available for purchase by U.S. citizens. For the Hopi, the Act would destroy their ability to farm, their main means of income. The
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629:, where they stayed for a year. The US Government thought they undermined the Hopi resistance, however this only intensified ill feelings of bitterness and resistance towards the government. When the Hopi prisoners were sent home, they claimed that government officials told them that they did not have to send their children to school, but when they returned, Indian agents denied that this was promised to them. Another Oraibi leader,
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children were made to abandon their tribal identity and completely take on
European-American culture. Children were forced to give up their traditional names, clothing and language. Boys, who were also forced to cut their long hair, were taught European farming and carpentry skills. Girls were taught ironing, sewing, and "civilized" dining. The school also reinforced European-American religions. The
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and a gift for the child. In some cases where many relatives would attend, a child could be given over 40 names, for example. The child's parents generally decide the name to be used from these names. Current practice is to either use a non-Hopi or
English name or the parent's chosen Hopi name. A person may also change the name upon initiation into one of the religious societies, such as the
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400:’s expedition. He noted that there were five Hopi villages and around 12,000 Hopi people. During that period the Spanish explored and colonized the southwestern region of the New World, but never sent many forces or settlers to the Hopi country. Their visits to the Hopi were random and spread out over many years. Many times the visits were from military explorations.
929:, Arizona. It is the second hotel on the reservation. It provides non-Hopi a venue for entertainment, lectures, and educational demonstrations, as well as tours and lodging. The project is expected to support 400 jobs. The village also operates the Tuvvi Travel Center in Moenkopi. The Tribally owned and operated
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According to Barry
Pritzker, "...many Hopi feel an intimate and immediate connection with their past. Indeed, for many Hopi, time does not proceed in a straight line, as most people understand it. Rather, the past may be past and present more or less simultaneously.". In the present Fourth World, the
719:
From 1961 to 1964, the Hopi tribal council signed leases with the U.S. government that allowed companies to explore and drill for oil, gas, and minerals in Hopi country. This drilling brought over three million dollars to the Hopi Tribe. In 1974, The Navajo-Hopi Land
Settlement Act was passed,(Public
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The chief of the Oraibi, Lololoma, enthusiastically supported Hopi education, but his people were divided on this issue. Most of the village was conservative and refused to allow their children to attend school. These natives were referred to as "hostiles" because they opposed the
American government
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Agriculture is an important part of Hopi culture, and their villages are spread out across the northern part of
Arizona. The Hopi and the Navajo did not have a conception of land being bounded and divided. The Hopi people had settled in permanent villages, while the nomadic Navajo people moved around
237:
clans. Children are born into the clan of their mother. Clans extend across all villages. Children are named by the women of the father's clan. After the child is introduced to the Sun, the women of the paternal clan gather, and name the child in honor of the father's clan. Children can be given over
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clans. When a man marries, the children from the relationship are members of his wife's clan. These clan organizations extend across all villages. Children are named by the women of the father's clan. On the 20th day of a baby's life, the women of the paternal clan gather, each woman bringing a name
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On
November 30, 2017, in his last day as Chairman of the Hopi Tribe, Herman G. Honanie and Governor Doug Ducey signed the Hopi Tribe-State of Arizona Tribal Gaming Compact, a year after the Tribe approved entering into a compact with the State of Arizona. The historic agreement, which gives the Hopi
624:
In
November 1894, Captain Frank Robinson and a group of soldiers were dispatched to enter the village and arrested 18 of the Hopi resisters. Among those arrested were Habema (Heevi'ima) and Lomahongyoma. In the following days, they realized they had not captured all Hopi resisters and Sergeant Henry
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The Hopi and the Navajo fought over land, and they had different models of sustainability, as the Navajo were sheepherders. Eventually the Hopi went before the Senate
Committee of Interior and Insular Affairs to ask them to help provide a solution to the dispute. The tribes argued over approximately
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The Hopi Tribe Economic Development Corporation (HTEDC) is the tribal enterprise charged with creating diverse, viable economic opportunities. The HEDC oversees the Hopi Cultural Center and Walpi Housing Management. Other HTEDC businesses include the Hopi Three Canyon Ranches, between Flagstaff and
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of 1934, the Hopi established a constitution to create their own tribal government, and in 1936 elected a Tribal Council. The Preamble to the Hopi constitution states that they are a self-governing tribe, focused on working together for peace and agreements between villages in order to preserve the
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arrived in Hopi country with other government officials to review the progress of the new school. Seeing that few students were enrolled, they returned with federal troops who threatened to arrest the Hopi parents who refused to send their children to school, with Morgan forcibly taking children to
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The Pueblo Revolt was the first time that diverse Pueblo groups had worked in unison to drive out the Spanish colonists. In the Burning of Awatovi, Spanish soldiers, local Catholic Church missionaries, friars, and priests were all put to death, and the churches and mission buildings were dismantled
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The Hopi understand their land to be sacred and understand their role as caretakers of the land that they inherited from their ancestors. Agriculture is significant to their lifeways and economy. Precontact architecture reflects early Hopi society and perceptions of home and family. Many Hopi homes
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From the 1940s to the 1970s, the Navajo moved their settlements closer to Hopi land, causing the Hopi to raise the issue with the U.S. government. This resulted in the establishment of "District 6" which placed a boundary around the Hopi villages on the first, second, and third mesas, thinning the
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The Oraibi people did not support the school and refused to send their children 35 miles (56 km) from their villages. The Keams Canyon School was organized to teach the Hopi youth the ways of European-American civilization. It forced them to use English and give up their traditional ways. The
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At the dawn of the 20th century, the U.S. government established day schools, missions, farming bureaus, and clinics on every Indian reservation. This policy required that every reservation set up its own police force and tribal courts and appointed a leader who would represent their tribe to the
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Spanish Roman Catholic priests were only marginally successful in converting the Hopi and persecuted them for adhering to Hopi religious practices. The Spanish occupiers enslaved the Hopi populace, forcing them to labor and hand over goods and crops. Spanish oppression and attempts to convert the
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Traditionally the Hopi are micro or subsistence farmers. The Hopi also are part of the wider cash economy; a significant number of Hopi have mainstream jobs; others earn a living by creating Hopi art, notably the carving of katsina dolls, the crafting of earthenware ceramics, and the design and
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where all powers are vested in a Tribal Council. While there is an executive branch (tribal chairman and vice chairman) and judicial branch, their powers are limited under the Hopi Constitution. The traditional powers and authority of the Hopi villages was preserved in the 1936 constitution.
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and was responsible for all of the Indian residents of the area. The first formal meeting between the Hopi and the U.S. government occurred in 1850 when seven Hopi leaders made the trip to Santa Fe to meet with Calhoun. They wanted the government to provide protection against the
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is a concept deeply rooted in the culture's religion, spirituality, and its view of morality and ethics. To be Hopi is to strive toward this concept, which involves a state of total reverence for all things, peace with these things, and life in accordance with the instructions of
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and are observed in each of the Hopi villages. Like other Native American groups, the Hopi have been influenced by Christianity and the missionary work of several Christian denominations. Few have converted enough to Christianity to drop their traditional religious practices.
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beat to death a Hopi man named Juan Cuna. As punishment, Guerra was removed from his post on the Hopi mesas and sent to Mexico City. In 1656, a young Hopi man by the name of Juan Suñi was sent to Santa Fe as an indentured servant because he impersonated the resident priest
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was originally a rectangle 55 by 70 miles (88.5 by 110 km) in the middle of the Navajo Reservation, with their village lands taking about half of the land. The reservation prevented encroachment by white settlers, but it did not protect the Hopis against the Navajos.
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Currently, the villages of Shungopavi, Oraibi, Hotevilla, and Lower Moenkopi do not have a representative on council. The Hopi Villages select council representatives, and may decline to send any representative. The declination has been approved by the Hopi Courts.
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at this time had 22,500 members and have consistently increased in population. During the early years of this century, only about three percent of Hopis lived off the reservation. In 1924 Congress officially declared Native Americans to be U.S. citizens with the
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The Hopi tribe earns most of its income from natural resources. The tribe's 2010 operating budget was $ 21.8 million, and projected mining revenues for 2010 were $ 12.8 million. On the 1,800,000-acre (7,300 km) Navajo Reservation, a significant amount of
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40 names. The village members decide the common name. Current practice is to use a non-Hopi or English name or the parent's chosen Hopi name. A person may also change the name upon initiation to traditional religious societies, or a major life event.
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Representatives to the council are selected either by a community election or by an appointment from the village kikmongwi, or leader. Each representative serves a two-year term. Representation on the Tribal Council as of December 2017 is as follows:
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at Awatovi, an act believed to have been carried out in the spirit of Hopi clowning. During the period of Franciscan missionary presence (1629-1680), the only significant conversions took place at the pueblo of Awatovi. In the 1670s, the Rio Grande
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reservation to 501,501 acres (2,029.50 km). In 1962 the courts issued the "Opinion, Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law and Judgment," which stated that the U.S. government did not grant the Navajo any type of permission to reside on the
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is one of four original Hopi villages. It was founded before A.D. 1100 and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited villages within the territory of the United States. In the 1540s the village was recorded as having 1,500– 3,000 residents.
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gives the primary meaning of the word "Hopi" as: "behaving one, one who is mannered, civilized, peaceable, polite, who adheres to the Hopi Way". Some sources contrast this to other warring tribes that subsist on plunder, considering their
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1327:
2812:
Dockstader, Frederick J. "Hopi History, 1850–1940." In Alonso Ortiz, vol. ed., Southwest, vol. 9, in William C. Sturtevant, gnl. ed., Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1979:
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Henser was sent back to capture Potopa, a Hopi medicine man, known as "one of the most dangerous of resisters". Eager to rid Orayvi of all resisters, government officials sent 19 Hopi men who they saw as troublesome to
2848:
Johansson, S. Ryan., and Preston, S.H. "Tribal Demography: The Hopi and Navaho Populations as Seen through Manuscripts from the 1900 U.S. Census." Social Science History, Vol. 3, No. 1. Duke University Press, (1978):
2781:
Brew, J.O. "Hopi Prehistory and History to 1850." In Alonso Ortiz, vol. ed., Southwest, vol. 9, in William C. Sturtevant, gnl. ed., Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1979:
2785:
Clemmer, Richard O. "Hopi History, 1940–1974." In Alonso Ortiz, vol. ed., Southwest, vol. 9, in William C. Sturtevant, gnl. ed., Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1979:
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As of 2005 the Hopi Reservation is entirely surrounded by the much larger Navajo Reservation. As the result of land disputes from 1940 to 1970 or earlier, the two nations used to share the government designated
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is one of the largest coal operations on Hopi land, with long-time permits for continued mining. Consequently, the closure of a large coal mine in 2019 has compounded existing unemployment. Combined with the
403:
The Spanish colonized near the Rio Grande and, because the Hopi did not live near rivers that gave access to the Rio Grande, the Spanish never left any troops on their land. The Spanish were accompanied by
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348:. The powers of the executive branch (chairman and vice chairman) and judicial branch, are limited. The traditional powers and authority of the Hopi Villages were preserved in the 1936 Constitution.
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villages, he learned of the Hopi tribe. Coronado dispatched Pedro de Tovar and other members of their party to find the Hopi villages. The Spanish wrote that the first Hopi village they visited was
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1634:
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Hopi caused the Hopi over time to become increasingly intolerant towards their occupiers. The documentary record shows evidence of Spanish abuses. In 1655, a Franciscan priest by the name of
193:
2778:
Adams, David Wallace. "Schooling the Hopi: Federal Indian Policy Writ Small, 1887–1917." The Pacific Historical Review, Vol. 48, No. 3. University of California Press, (1979): 335–356.
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to mean "The Peaceful People" or "Peaceful Little Ones". However, Malotki maintains that "neither the notion 'peaceful' nor the idea 'little' are semantic ingredients of the term".
2867:
U.S. Department of State, Navajo–Hopi Land Dispute: Hearing before the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, 1974. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, (1974): 1–3.
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friars. Beginning in 1629, with the arrival of 30 friars in Hopi country, the Franciscan Period started. The Franciscans had missionaries assigned and built a church at Awatovi.
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1343:
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The Hopi practice a complete cycle of traditional ceremonies although not all villages retain or had the complete ceremonial cycle. These ceremonies take place according to the
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is "behaving one, one who is mannered, civilized, peaceable, polite, who adheres to the Hopi Way." Some sources contrast this to other warring tribes that subsist on plunder.
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Law 93–531; 25 U.S.C. 640d et seq.), followed by the Navajo-Hopi Land Dispute Settlement Act of 1996, settling some issues not resolved in 1974. The 1974 Act created the
308:. The Hopi originally settled near the foot of the mesas but in the course of the 17th century moved to the mesa tops for protection from the Utes, Apaches, and Spanish.
1812:, 19th Annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, pp. 580–1
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for village leadership. In 1906 the village split after a conflict between hostiles and friendlies. The conservative hostiles left and formed a new village, known as
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Tribe the opportunity to operate or lease up to 900 Class III gaming machines, makes Hopi the 22nd and last Arizona tribe to sign a gaming compact with the State.
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The Hopi Tribal Government operates a Trial Court and Appellate Court in Keams Canyon. These courts operate under a Tribal Code, amended August 28, 2012.
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and the lack of official help for those who have lost access to the coal they need to burn to heat their homes, Hopi have turned to nonprofits for help.
2886:"Voice of Indigenous People – Native People Address the United Nations" Edited by Alexander Ewen, Clear Light Publishers, Santa Fe NM, 1994, 176 pages.
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The most widely publicized of Hopi katsina rites is the "Snake Dance", an annual event during which the performers danced while handling live snakes.
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Tourism is a source of income. The Moenkopi Developers Corporation, a non-profit entity owned by the Upper village of Moenkopi, opened the 100-room
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Johansson, S. Ryan., and Preston, S.H. "Tribal Demography: The Hopi and Navaho Populations as Seen through Manuscripts from the 1900 U.S. Census",
669:"good things of Hopi life." The constitution consists of 13 articles, addressing territory, membership, and organization of their government with
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U.S. government. In 1910 in the Census for Indians, the Hopi Tribe had a total of 2,000 members, which was the highest in 20 years. The
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3193:
2006:
Dockstader, Frederick J. "Hopi History, 1850–1940." In Alonso Ortiz, vol. ed., Southwest, vol. 9, in William C. Sturtevant, gnl. ed.,
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1736:"The Architectural Analogue to Hopi Social Organization and Room Use, and Implications for Prehistoric Northern Southwestern Culture"
883:
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1894:
497:, and placed troops in Navajo country to deal with their threats to the Hopi. General James J. Carleton, with the assistance of
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520:, a Mormon missionary, first made a trip into Hopi country in 1858. He was on good terms with the Hopi Indians, and in 1875 an
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1189:(1928–2007), Hopi leader, linguist, lexicon maker, commissioned officer of US Army (West Point graduate), jeweler, silversmith
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Hopi worship Masauwu, who admonished them to "always remember their gods and to live in the correct way". The village leader,
501:, was assigned to travel through the area. They "captured" the Navajo natives and forced them to the fort. As a result of the
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230:, the Creator or Caretaker of Earth. The Hopi observe their religious ceremonies for the benefit of the entire world.
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1635:"Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs"
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Clemmer, Richard O. "Roads in the Sky: The Hopi Indians In A Century of Change". Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.
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329:
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made students attend services every morning and religious teachings during the week. In 1890, Commissioner of
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Hopi girl at Walpi, c. 1900, with squash blossom hairstyle indicative of her eligibility for courtship, the
277:), who constructed large apartment-house complexes and had an advanced culture that spanned the present-day
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2794:"Constitution of the Hopi Tribe. National Tribal Justice Resource Center's Tribal Codes and Constitutions"
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Clemmer, Richard O. (1979). "Hopi History, 1940–1974". In Ortiz, Alfonso; Sturtevant, William C. (eds.).
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577:
385:. They noted that there were about 16,000 Hopi and Zuni people. A few years later, the Spanish explorer
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surrounded by the Navajo Nation, showing 1882 boundaries, 1936 District 6, and the 1962 Joint Use Area.
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at the time, was very impressed with Washington. In 1887, a federal boarding school was established at
200:
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2994:
New York Times article, "Reggae Rhythms Speak to an Insular Tribe" by Bruce Weber, September 19, 1999
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Whiteley, Peter M. "Deliberate Acts." Tucson, Arizona: The University of Arizona Press, 1988.: 14–86.
2575:(1991), "Language as a key to cultural understanding: New interpretations of Central Hopi concepts",
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that was declared in 1882; and that the remaining Hopi land was to be shared with the Navajo, as the
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639:
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On October 24, 1936, the Hopi Tribe of Arizona ratified a constitution. That constitution created a
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1,800,000 acres (7,300 km) of land in northern Arizona. In 1887 the U.S. government passed the
337:, by Acts of Congress in 1974 and 1996, but as of 2008 has also resulted in long-term controversy.
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A Hopi girl with a customary Hopi squash blossom hairstyle, woven wearing blanket, jewelry, and an
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486:-speaking tribe who were distinct from Apaches. At this time, the Hopi leader was Nakwaiyamtewa.
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on Second Mesa includes gift shops, museums, a hotel, and a restaurant that serves Hopi dishes.
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and met the Hopi. They warmly entertained Cardenas and his men and directed him on his journey.
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1131:(birth date unknown), Hopi traditional leader; Son of Yukiuma, keeper of the Fire Clan Tablets
937:
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333:, but this continued to be a source of conflict. The partition of this area, commonly known as
17:
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2789:
Clemmer, Richard O. "Roads in the Sky." Boulder, Colorado.: Westview Press, Inc., 1995: 30–90.
2168:, National Tribal Justice Resource Center's Tribal Codes and Constitutions. November 28, 2009.
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1616:
963:
297:. It is thought that Hopi people descend from those Ancestral Puebloan settlements along the
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1217:) (circa 1810–1887), first Hopi convert to Mormonism after whom Tuba City, Arizona, was named
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31:
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Navajo-Hopi Land Dispute: Hearing before the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, 1974
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1053:. Primarily in Second Mesa and west villages towards Hotevilla—about 1 in 200 individuals.
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474:
211:
8:
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2039:
Adams, David Wallace. "Schooling the Hopi: Federal Indian Policy Writ Small, 1887–1917",
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the four corners. Both lived on the land that their ancestors did. On December 16, 1882,
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The Hopi encountered Spaniards in the 16th century, and are historically referred to as
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issued an executive order creating a reservation for the Hopi. It was smaller than the
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Justin B. Richland, Arguing With Tradition, (University of Chicago Press, 2004) 35.
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Glenn, Edna; Wunder, John R.; Rollings, Willard Hughes; et al., eds. (2008).
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Harold Courlander, "Fourth World of the Hopi" University of New Mexico Press, 1987
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3153:
3104:
3092:
2887:
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2663:
Hedrick, Philip (June 2003). "Hopi Indians, "cultural" selection, and albinism".
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The Hopi Dictionary Project, Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology (1998),
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In 1875, the English trader Thomas Keam escorted Hopi leaders to meet President
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Indians put forward the suggestion to revolt in 1680 and garnered Hopi support.
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for the Hopi. It was smaller than the surrounding land that was annexed by the
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1932:
Brew, J.O. "Hopi Prehistory and History to 1850." In Alonso Ortiz, vol. ed.,
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David Talayumptewa, Phillip Quochytewa Sr., Danny Honanie, Herman G. Honanie
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who primarily live in northeastern Arizona. The majority are enrolled in the
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In The Matter of Village Authority To Remove Tribal Council Representatives,
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2219:. Vol. 9. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 533–538.
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2739:
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2068:
United States Congress, Senate, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
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Connelly, John C., "Hopi Social Organization." In Alfonso Ortiz, vol. ed.,
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Hopi woman dressing hair of unmarried girl, c. 1900, photo by Henry Peabody
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1095:(born 1964), Appointed by President Obama to be a U.S. District Court Judge
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898:; three commercial properties in Flagstaff; and the Days Inn Kokopelli in
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On October 24, 1936, the Hopi Tribe ratified its constitution, creating a
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is mined yearly from which the Hopi Tribe shares mineral royalty income.
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250:, include living rooms, storage rooms, and religious sanctuaries, called
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Four young Hopi women grinding grain, c. 1906, photo by Edward S. Curtis
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Hubert Lewis Sr., Michael Elmer, Robert Charley, Philton Talahytewa Sr.
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Hopi polychrome ceramic water canteen, ca. 1870, Cleveland Museum of Art
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in the Spanish language). The Hopi are thought to be descended from the
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1065:(ca. 1909–1999), interpreter and spokesman for traditional Hopi leaders
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Albert T. Sinquah, Ivan Sidney Sr., Wallace Youvella Jr., Dale Sinquah
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290:
3311:
2701:. Tucson, AZ: Sun Tracks & University of Arizona Press, 1983: 42.
1768:
3304:
3254:
3114:
2384:"Hopi Economic Development Corp. Transition Team Off to a Fast Start"
2239:"Navajo-Hopi Land Dispute Settlement Act of 1996, PUBLIC LAW 104–301"
1982:
Daughters, Anton. "A Seventeenth-Century Instance of Hopi Clowning?"
1545:
1140:
910:
194:
Colorado River Indian Tribes of the Colorado River Indian Reservation
1735:
3264:
1752:
1177:(1979–2003), US Army Quartermaster Corps soldier killed in Iraq War
1050:
838:: Emma Anderson, Craig Andrews, Pansy K. Edmo, Rolanda Yoyletsdewa
409:
294:
203:
states that about 19,338 US citizens self-identify as being Hopi.
2840:. Hopi Education Endowment Fund. November 13, 2009. Archived from
2817:
2472:
2110:(2nd ed.). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. p. 93.
3408:
3398:
3388:
3294:
3244:
3220:
3211:
2409:
1699:, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1979: 539–53, p. 551
1535:
1269:
1168:
1083:(1906–1990), Hopi photographer and former Tribal Council chairman
1010:
509:
494:
305:
286:
189:
2982:, vol. 9, Southwest. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1979.
2900:
Hopi Nation: Essays on Indigenous Art, Culture, History, and Law
2742:; Warms, Richard L (April 4, 2023). "11, Matrilineal Families".
2043:
Vol. 48, No. 3. University of California Press, (1979): 335–356.
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
952:
2189:
1550:
544:
473:
for the Southwest Territory of the U.S. He had headquarters in
438:
357:
243:
227:
3163:
3146:
3115:
The Unwritten Literature of the Hopi, by Hattie Greene Lockett
2938:
2072:, Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, (1974): 1–3.
1113:(Hopi-Tewa, 1970 – 2011), American Hopi/Tewa potter and artist
3343:
2796:. Tribalresourcecenter.org. November 13, 2009. Archived from
2634:"Medicinal Plants of the Southwest Thelesperma megapotamicum"
1989:
1461:
1265:
1125:, (Hopi/Choctaw, born 1947) printmaker, painter, and educator
369:
The first recorded European contact with the Hopi was by the
251:
1071:(born 1944), painter, illustrator, and katsina figure carver
767:
The Hopi tribe is federally recognized and headquartered in
3299:
3078:
2288:
Hopi Appellate Court, Appellate Court Case No. 2008-AP 0001
2010:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1979: 524–532.
1940:, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1979: 514–523.
1845:, Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press, 1988: 14–86.
1540:
1210:
1037:, known by the common name Hopi tea, and use it to make an
905:
874:
513:
282:
60:
2051:
2049:
1973:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1942. 1942
1400:
Traditional Hopi homes, c. 1906, photo by Edward S. Curtis
1077:(born circa 1893–1999), traditional Hopi leader and author
612:
2896:
2370:
2350:
2332:"Coal permit expansion approved as Hopi chairman resigns"
1031:
The Hopi collect and dry a native perennial plant called
2204:
2080:
2078:
1960:, Boulder, Colorado.: Westview Press, Inc., 1995: 30–90.
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1207:(1888–1969), Olympic distance runner and silver medalist
1028:
production of fine jewelry, especially sterling silver.
377:
went to North America to explore the land. While at the
2317:"Hopi Tribal Council's new structure irks some critics"
2046:
254:. Each of these rooms allowed for specific activities.
731:, a paved road that links the numerous Hopi villages.
2529:"Hopi tribe last in the state to sign gaming compact"
2075:
1816:
1662:: A Hopi-English Dictionary of the Third Mesa Dialect
304:
Hopi villages are now located atop mesas in northern
281:
region of the United States, comprising southeastern
2465:
364:
3053:
Mesa of Sorrows: A History of the Awat'ovi Massacre
2941:, 1994, illustrated oversize hardcover, 230 pages,
2722:. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1996: 480.
2059:
Vol. 3, No. 1. Duke University Press, (1978): 1–33.
1195:(born 1956), jeweler, silversmith (nephew of Emory)
323:, which is the largest reservation in the country.
3098:Four Corners Postcard: General information on Hopi
2962:Hopi Kachina Tradition: Following the Sun and Moon
2820:. Northern Arizona University. November 12, 2009.
2347:"Grassroots efforts bring firewood to Hopi people"
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1870:"NAVAJO - HOPI Land Dispute, history, maps, links"
1734:
1201:(ca. 1891–1985), autobiographer and traditionalist
1119:(1912–1991), jeweler, ceramic artist, and educator
604:did not set up land allotments in the Southwest.
448:
3447:Federally recognized tribes in the United States
3433:
1665:, Tucson: University of Arizona Press, pp.
1321:, with her work, c. 1900, photo by Henry Peabody
192:; however, some Hopi people are enrolled in the
2598:. New York: Chelsea House. pp. 16–17, 25.
2263:
2261:
2259:
1917:
1107:(1942–2009), painter, sculptor, and silversmith
1001:, "promoted civic virtue and proper behavior".
516:and tried to convert the Indians to Mormonism.
3032:Masked Gods:Navaho & Pueblo Ceremonialism,
2917:Hopi Bibliography: Comprehensive and Annotated
2433:"Hopi hotel showcases Arizona tribe's culture"
1936:, vol. 9, in William C. Sturtevant, gnl. ed.,
936:The Hopi people have repeatedly voted against
868:Hopi girls watching Pueblo dancers below, 1906
3194:
2107:Sun Chief: The Autobiography of a Hopi Indian
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
2410:"New Hopi Hotel near Tuba City is Now Open!"
2256:
1149:(Hopi-Tewa, born 1950), painter and sculptor
684:
616:Abandoned house and view from Oraibi village
505:, the Hopi enjoyed a short period of peace.
2371:Hopi Tribe Economic Development Corporation
1448:Hopi girls, 1922, photo by Edward S. Curtis
1436:Hopi woman, 1922, photo by Edward S. Curtis
722:Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation
703:Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation
3201:
3187:
3131:
2738:
2176:
2174:
1943:
1895:"The Navajo-Hopi Land Issue: A Chronology"
1424:Hopi girl, 1922, photo by Edward S. Curtis
1101:(circa 1900–1986), painter and silversmith
1041:, as a medicinal remedy and a yellow dye.
967:Tile, Hopi, late 19th-early 20th century,
3086:A Summary of Hopi Native American History
2903:(Ebook ed.). digitalcommons.unl.edu.
2665:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
2622:. Encyclopedia Britannica. 28 March 2008.
2103:
1710:"Hopi-Tewa | Land Acknowledgment Toolkit"
1695:, vol. 9, in William C. Sturtevant, ed.,
727:Today's Hopi Reservation is traversed by
196:at the border of Arizona and California.
2959:
2593:
1971:Troublous Times in New Mexico, 1659-1670
1910:
1908:
1579:
1577:
962:
951:
904:
884:economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
863:
746:
738:
688:
611:
584:, which was the largest in the country.
452:
415:
246:. Early communal structures, especially
2919:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
2662:
2571:
2430:
2344:
2210:
2171:
2133:
1687:
1685:
1650:
1648:
1632:
1171:, (Hopi-Tewa), circa 1860–1942), potter
1089:, basket maker, food activist, educator
1004:Traditionally, Hopi are organized into
859:
14:
3434:
3423:List of Indian reservations in Arizona
3228:Contemporary peoples native to Arizona
2720:Encyclopedia of North American Indians
1804:
1628:
1626:
1056:
820:Dwayne Secakuku, Clifford Quotsaquahu
646:
396:In 1582–1583 the Hopi were visited by
315:passed an executive order creating an
3182:
2914:
2552:
2496:
2329:
2314:
2129:
2127:
1905:
1732:
1574:
1349:Hopi Indian man weaving a blanket by
1299:Hopi Basket Weaver c. 1900, photo by
1013:society, or with a major life event.
557:American Baptist Home Mission Society
3142:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2691:
2546:
2449:. Experiencehopi.com. Archived from
2431:Fonseca, Felicia (9 December 2009).
2345:Sevigny, Melissa (16 January 2023).
1682:
1645:
940:casinos as an economic opportunity.
755:meeting with Hopi leadership in 2020
734:
79:Regions with significant populations
2964:. Flagstaff: Northland Publishing.
2824:from the original on April 17, 2020
2818:"Hopi Cultural Preservation Office"
2381:
2188:. November 12, 2009. Archived from
1623:
1511:Black Mesa Peabody Coal controversy
789:Vice Chairman: Clark W. Tenakhongva
24:
3452:Native American history of Arizona
3173:Hopi movie "Techqua Ikachi" part 2
3169:Hopi movie "Techqua Ikachi" part 1
3002:. Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2011.
2980:Handbook of North American Indians
2874:
2856:. Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2011.
2587:
2217:Handbook of North American Indians
2124:
2023:. Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2011.
2008:Handbook of North American Indians
1938:Handbook of North American Indians
1733:Adams, E. Charles (January 1983).
1697:Handbook of North American Indians
1633:Newland, Bryan (January 2, 2023).
1583:
792:Tribal Secretary: Theresa Lomakema
774:
261:, because they lived in villages (
25:
3473:
3457:Native American tribes in Arizona
3164:Hopi Cultural Preservation Office
3159:Sikyatki (ancestral Hopi) pottery
3132:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
3070:
3020:(Non-Classics), (June 30, 1977),
2911:University of Arizona Press, 1974
2304:. The Hopi Tribe. 28 August 2012.
2186:Hopi Cultural Preservation Office
1783:
842:First Mesa Consolidated Villages:
802:
779:The current tribal officers are:
743:Flag of the Hopi Tribe of Arizona
365:Early European contact, 1540–1680
344:where all powers are vested in a
3210:
3125:
2330:Berry, Carol (14 January 2009).
2315:Berry, Carol (13 January 2010).
2159:"Constitution of the Hopi Tribe"
1488:
1472:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1377:
1365:
1342:
1326:
1307:
1292:
1280:
1254:
1231:
890:Winslow and the 26 Bar Ranch in
851:
798:Sergeant-at-Arms: Alfonso Sakeva
217:The primary meaning of the word
53:
3363:Prehistoric cultures in Arizona
2939:Abradale Press, Harry N. Abrams
2732:
2712:
2699:Hopi Photographers, Hopi Images
2656:
2626:
2612:
2565:
2521:
2499:"Hopi again vote down gambling"
2490:
2439:
2424:
2402:
2375:
2364:
2338:
2323:
2308:
2291:
2279:
2231:
2152:
2097:
2062:
2033:
2013:
1976:
1963:
1887:
1862:
1848:
1586:"American FactFinder - Results"
607:
2557:. Ausbcomp.com. Archived from
2386:. Hopi-nsn.gov. Archived from
2094:. Accessed: November 13, 2009.
2041:The Pacific Historical Review,
1798:
1726:
1702:
919:Moenkopi Legacy Inn and Suites
449:Hopi-U.S. relations, 1849–1946
233:Hopi organize themselves into
13:
1:
2998:Pecina, Ron and Pecina, Bob.
2852:Pecina, Ron and Pecina, Bob.
2085:Hopi Education Endowment Fund
2019:Pecina, Ron and Pecina, Bob.
1856:"Navajo-Hopi Land Settlement"
1567:
1049:The Hopi have a high rate of
375:Francisco Vásquez de Coronado
2497:Helms, Kathy (20 May 2004).
2382:May, Tina (6 January 2010).
2182:"Navajo-Hopi Joint Use Area"
1810:Tusayan Migration Traditions
1460:Traditional Hopi village of
1337:being a symbol of fertility.
879:Peabody Western Coal Company
570:
527:
7:
2638:New Mexico State University
2104:Talayesva, Don. C. (1970).
1790:"Ancestral Pueblo culture."
1503:
1044:
578:President Chester A. Arthur
313:President Chester A. Arthur
10:
3478:
2960:Secakuku, Alph H. (1995).
2553:Smith, L. Michael (2000).
2138:. University of Nebraska.
2136:Education beyond the Mesas
1221:
973:
947:
812:Village of Upper Moenkopi:
795:Treasurer: Wilfred Gaseoma
714:Navajo–Hopi Joint Use Area
700:
419:
330:Navajo–Hopi Joint Use Area
29:
3417:
3362:
3227:
3057:W.W. Norton & Company
2435:. Indiancountrytoday.com.
2334:. Indiancountrytoday.com.
2319:. Indiancountrytoday.com.
2134:Gilbert, Matthew (2010).
1034:Thelesperma megapotamicum
685:Hopi–Navajo land disputes
666:Indian Reorganization Act
373:in 1540. Spanish General
351:
242:share traits of neighbor
160:
145:
135:
119:
114:
109:
104:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
52:
45:
2915:Laird, W. David (1977).
2594:Pritzker, Barry (2011).
1793:Encyclopædia Britannica.
1483:, Hopi Reservation, 1970
602:Bureau of Indian Affairs
524:was built on Hopi land.
387:García López de Cárdenas
3147:Frank Waters Foundation
3000:Neil David's Hopi World
2933:Susanne and Jake Page,
2909:Pages from Hopi History
2854:Neil David's Hopi World
2057:Social Science History,
2021:Neil David's Hopi World
1986:74:4 (Summer 2009) 2009
894:; Hopi Travel Plaza in
729:Arizona State Route 264
564:Thomas Jefferson Morgan
503:Long Walk of the Navajo
465:was appointed official
267:Ancestral Pueblo people
84:United States (Arizona)
2555:"Hopi: The Real Thing"
2473:"Hopi Cultural Center"
1795:Retrieved 4 June 2012.
1660:Hopìikwa Lavàytutuveni
1641:(88 FR 2112): 2112–16.
1584:Bureau, U. S. Census.
971:
960:
914:
869:
836:Village of Mishongnovi
824:Village of Kykotsmovi:
785:Timothy L. Nuvangyaoma
756:
744:
698:
659:Indian Citizenship Act
617:
458:
311:On December 16, 1882,
3139:Catholic Encyclopedia
3039:Ohio University Press
2745:Cultural Anthropology
2447:"Tuvvi Travel Center"
1590:factfinder.census.gov
974:Further information:
966:
955:
908:
867:
761:unicameral government
750:
742:
701:Further information:
692:
615:
456:
416:Pueblo Revolt of 1680
342:unicameral government
301:of northern Arizona.
182:Hopi Tribe of Arizona
115:Related ethnic groups
32:Hopi (disambiguation)
27:Native American tribe
3014:The Book of the Hopi
2844:on October 11, 2009.
2477:Hopi Cultural Center
2412:. Experiencehopi.com
1956:Clemmer, Richard O.
1806:Fewkes, Jesse Walter
1516:Hopi katsina figures
1495:Hopi dancers in 2017
1384:Hopi girl, photo by
1317:, world-famous Hopi
1193:Phillip Sekaquaptewa
958:Hopi katsina figures
931:Hopi Cultural Center
860:Economic development
830:Village of Sipaulavi
212:Uto-Aztecan language
30:For other uses, see
2978:Alfonso Ortiz, ed.
2697:Masayesva, Victor.
2269:"Tribal Government"
2192:on December 1, 2019
1969:Scholes, France V.
1841:Whiteley, Peter M.
1239:Hopi Women's Dance,
1183:(1928–2019), potter
1161:(Hopi-Tewa), potter
1155:(Hopi-Tewa), potter
1057:Notable Hopi people
769:Kykotsmovi, Arizona
647:Federal recognition
598:Dawes Allotment Act
551:for Hopi children.
489:The US established
484:Southern Athabascan
293:, and southwestern
248:Pueblo Great Houses
110:Indigenous religion
42:
3217:Indigenous peoples
3152:2019-03-12 at the
3103:2019-05-01 at the
3091:2021-04-18 at the
2718:Hoxie, Frederick.
2677:10.1002/ajpa.10180
2503:Gallup Independent
2244:. October 11, 1996
2164:2021-04-14 at the
2090:2009-10-11 at the
1741:American Antiquity
1658:Hopi Dictionary /
1615:has generic name (
1287:Hopi Basket Weaver
1187:Emory Sekaquaptewa
1137:(1922–1993) potter
972:
961:
915:
870:
818:Village of Bacavi:
757:
745:
699:
618:
582:Navajo Reservation
459:
429:Salvador de Guerra
321:Navajo Reservation
317:Indian reservation
40:
3429:
3428:
3120:Project Gutenberg
3051:James F. Brooks,
3008:978-0-7643-3808-3
2862:978-0-7643-3808-3
2800:on April 14, 2021
2750:SAGE Publications
2728:978-0-395-66921-1
2707:978-0-8165-0809-9
2573:Malotki, Ekkehart
2509:on 12 August 2011
2117:978-0-300-19103-5
2029:978-0-7643-3808-3
1464:, 1941, photo by
1181:Dextra Quotskuyva
1123:Linda Lomahaftewa
735:Tribal government
679:judicial branches
567:fill the school.
543:village chief of
534:Chester A. Arthur
398:Antonio de Espejo
389:investigated the
170:
169:
131:
130:
16:(Redirected from
3469:
3462:Puebloan peoples
3378:
3370:Ancestral Pueblo
3215:
3214:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3180:
3179:
3143:
3129:
3128:
3122:
3082:
3081:
3079:Official website
2975:
2949:, 1982 edition,
2930:
2904:
2845:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2736:
2730:
2716:
2710:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2640:. Archived from
2630:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2505:. Archived from
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2379:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2265:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2243:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2178:
2169:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2131:
2122:
2121:
2101:
2095:
2082:
2073:
2066:
2060:
2053:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2017:
2011:
2004:
1987:
1980:
1974:
1967:
1961:
1958:Roads in the Sky
1954:
1941:
1930:
1915:
1912:
1903:
1902:
1897:. Archived from
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1852:
1846:
1839:
1814:
1813:
1802:
1796:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1738:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1706:
1700:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1652:
1643:
1642:
1639:Federal Register
1630:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1581:
1531:Hopi Reservation
1492:
1476:
1457:
1445:
1433:
1421:
1409:
1397:
1386:Edward S. Curtis
1381:
1369:
1359:
1346:
1330:
1311:
1296:
1284:
1258:
1235:
1199:Don C. Talayesva
1111:Jacob Koopee Jr.
956:Illustration of
925:, Arizona, near
832:: Rosa Honanie,
710:Hopi Reservation
695:Hopi reservation
633:, competed with
589:Hopi reservation
463:James S. Calhoun
434:Alonso de Posada
201:2010 U.S. census
188:in northeastern
186:Hopi Reservation
184:and live on the
178:Native Americans
133:
132:
69:Total population
57:
43:
39:
21:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3413:
3374:
3358:
3285:Southern Paiute
3223:
3209:
3207:
3154:Wayback Machine
3126:
3112:
3105:Wayback Machine
3093:Wayback Machine
3077:
3076:
3073:
2972:
2927:
2888:Thomas Banyacya
2877:
2875:Further reading
2836:
2827:
2825:
2816:
2803:
2801:
2792:
2775:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2737:
2733:
2717:
2713:
2696:
2692:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2606:
2592:
2588:
2577:Baessler-Archiv
2570:
2566:
2551:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2479:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2429:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2393:
2391:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2353:
2343:
2339:
2328:
2324:
2313:
2309:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2267:
2266:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2166:Wayback Machine
2157:
2153:
2146:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2102:
2098:
2092:Wayback Machine
2083:
2076:
2067:
2063:
2054:
2047:
2038:
2034:
2018:
2014:
2005:
1990:
1981:
1977:
1968:
1964:
1955:
1944:
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1247:John K. Hillers
1243:Oraibi, Arizona
1236:
1224:
1105:Michael Kabotie
1081:Jean Fredericks
1063:Thomas Banyacya
1059:
1047:
982:Hopi Dictionary
978:
969:Brooklyn Museum
950:
862:
854:
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775:Tribal officers
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627:Alcatraz Prison
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3134:"Hopi Indians"
3123:
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3095:
3083:
3072:
3071:External links
3069:
3068:
3067:
3049:
3030:Frank Waters,
3028:
3012:Frank Waters,
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2971:978-0873586443
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2671:(2): 151–156.
2655:
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2604:
2586:
2564:
2561:on 2019-05-01.
2545:
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2453:on 6 June 2011
2438:
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2273:The Hopi Tribe
2255:
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2123:
2116:
2096:
2074:
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2045:
2032:
2012:
1988:
1975:
1962:
1942:
1916:
1904:
1901:on 2008-05-30.
1886:
1874:www.kstrom.net
1861:
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1815:
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1753:10.2307/279817
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1564:
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1556:Pueblo peoples
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1526:Hopi mythology
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1159:Fannie Nampeyo
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1093:Diane Humetewa
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1087:Iva Honyestewa
1084:
1078:
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1069:Neil David Sr.
1066:
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1018:lunar calendar
976:Hopi mythology
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753:Tom O'Halleran
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561:Indian Affairs
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3107:, by LM Smith
3106:
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3065:9780393061253
3062:
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3054:
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3048:
3047:0-8040-0641-5
3044:
3040:
3036:
3035:Swallow Press
3033:
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3026:0-14-004527-9
3023:
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2955:0-8109-1082-9
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2947:0-8109-8127-0
2944:
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2922:
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2907:Harry James,
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2659:
2644:on 9 May 2008
2643:
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2620:"Hopi people"
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2605:9781604137989
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909:Noqkwivi and
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852:Tribal courts
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518:Jacob Hamblin
515:
511:
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430:
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422:Pueblo Revolt
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74:19,338 (2010)
72:
67:
62:
56:
51:
44:
33:
19:
3419:
3334:Southern Ute
3329:Tonto Apache
3259:
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3052:
3031:
3013:
2999:
2979:
2961:
2934:
2916:
2908:
2899:
2853:
2842:the original
2826:. Retrieved
2804:November 23,
2802:. Retrieved
2798:the original
2763:. Retrieved
2744:
2734:
2719:
2714:
2698:
2693:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2642:the original
2637:
2628:
2614:
2595:
2589:
2580:
2576:
2567:
2559:the original
2548:
2536:. Retrieved
2532:
2523:
2511:. Retrieved
2507:the original
2502:
2492:
2480:. Retrieved
2476:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2451:the original
2441:
2426:
2414:. Retrieved
2404:
2392:. Retrieved
2388:the original
2377:
2366:
2354:. Retrieved
2340:
2325:
2310:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2272:
2246:. Retrieved
2233:
2212:
2206:
2196:September 8,
2194:. Retrieved
2190:the original
2185:
2154:
2135:
2106:
2099:
2069:
2064:
2056:
2040:
2035:
2020:
2015:
2007:
1983:
1978:
1970:
1965:
1957:
1937:
1933:
1899:the original
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1873:
1864:
1850:
1842:
1809:
1800:
1792:
1785:
1747:(1): 44–61.
1744:
1740:
1728:
1717:. Retrieved
1713:
1704:
1696:
1692:
1661:
1657:
1638:
1593:. Retrieved
1589:
1388:(circa 1905)
1351:C. C. Pierce
1315:Iris Nampeyo
1261:
1238:
1165:Iris Nampeyo
1153:Elva Nampeyo
1147:Dan Namingha
1099:Fred Kabotie
1048:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1023:
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778:
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751:Congressman
726:
718:
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706:
663:
650:
638:
634:
631:Lomahongyoma
630:
623:
619:
608:Oraibi split
594:
586:
574:
553:
549:Keams Canyon
540:
531:
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488:
467:Indian agent
460:
443:
425:
406:missionaries
402:
395:
368:
355:
339:
335:Big Mountain
328:
325:
310:
303:
299:Mogollon Rim
279:Four Corners
274:
262:
256:
240:
232:
222:
218:
216:
205:
198:
181:
173:
171:
139:
37:Ethnic group
3384:Basketmaker
3250:Halchidhoma
2648:26 February
2513:14 November
2457:14 November
2416:14 November
2394:14 November
2299:"Hopi Code"
2248:January 30,
1613:|last=
1466:Ansel Adams
1354: [
1272:, photo by
1245:, photo by
1075:Dan Evehema
1006:matrilineal
693:Map of the
671:legislative
512:settled in
493:in 1851 in
235:matrilineal
165:Hopitutskwa
125:Uto-Aztecan
3436:Categories
3240:Chiricahua
3235:Chemehuevi
3175:on YouTube
2926:0816506337
2838:"Partners"
2765:2 February
2482:20 January
2356:17 January
1719:2024-04-19
1568:References
1215:Chief Tuba
1135:Helen Naha
1039:herbal tea
783:Chairman:
664:Under the
522:LDS Church
499:Kit Carson
391:Rio Grande
291:New Mexico
275:Hisatsinom
150:Hopilàvayi
41:Hopi Tribe
3420:See also:
3376:dwellings
3305:Hopi-Tewa
3255:Havasupai
2533:azcentral
2213:Southwest
1934:Southwest
1777:161329464
1761:0002-7316
1693:Southwest
1546:Kikmongwi
1360:, ca.1900
1141:Tyra Naha
999:kikmongwi
991:Hopisinom
927:Tuba City
911:blue corn
675:executive
640:Hotevilla
571:Hopi land
541:Loololma,
528:Education
508:In 1847,
461:In 1849,
155:Hand Talk
89:Languages
47:Hopisinom
3394:Mogollon
3270:Maricopa
3265:Hualapai
3150:Archived
3101:Archived
3089:Archived
3059:, 2016;
3041:, 1984,
3037:, 1950;
2828:June 24,
2822:Archived
2813:524–532.
2786:533–538.
2782:514–523.
2685:12740958
2596:The Hopi
2538:July 23,
2225:26140053
2162:Archived
2088:Archived
1879:July 23,
1808:(1900),
1605:cite web
1595:July 23,
1561:Sikyátki
1504:See also
1319:ceramist
1143:, potter
1051:albinism
1045:Albinism
938:gambling
923:Moenkopi
913:frybread
896:Holbrook
635:Lololoma
475:Santa Fe
410:Catholic
295:Colorado
214:family.
146:Language
127:peoples
105:Religion
3409:Sinagua
3399:Patayan
3389:Hohokam
3349:Yavapai
3312:Oʼodham
3295:Quechan
3245:Cocopah
3221:Arizona
3018:Penguin
2864:. 86-89
2583:: 43–75
1536:Katsina
1270:Arizona
1222:Gallery
1169:Nampeyo
1011:kachina
987:autonym
948:Culture
510:Mormons
495:Arizona
383:Awatovi
371:Spanish
306:Arizona
287:Arizona
263:pueblos
244:Pueblos
190:Arizona
161:Country
99:English
3404:Salado
3280:Navajo
3275:Mohave
3130:
3063:
3045:
3024:
3006:
2986:
2968:
2953:
2945:
2923:
2860:
2756:
2726:
2705:
2683:
2602:
2223:
2142:
2114:
2027:
1775:
1769:279817
1767:
1759:
1673:
1667:99–100
1551:Oraibi
1264:1879,
1249:Street
1241:1879,
900:Sedona
654:Navajo
545:Oraibi
480:Navajo
439:Pueblo
358:Oraibi
352:Oraibi
228:Maasaw
136:People
18:Moquis
3344:Yaqui
2849:1–33.
2302:(PDF)
2242:(PDF)
1773:S2CID
1765:JSTOR
1714:NMAHC
1462:Walpi
1358:]
1266:Walpi
892:Eagar
252:kivas
3442:Hopi
3354:Zuni
3300:Tewa
3290:Pima
3260:Hopi
3171:and
3061:ISBN
3043:ISBN
3022:ISBN
3004:ISBN
2984:ISBN
2966:ISBN
2951:ISBN
2943:ISBN
2935:Hopi
2921:ISBN
2858:ISBN
2830:2020
2806:2009
2767:2024
2754:ISBN
2724:ISBN
2703:ISBN
2681:PMID
2650:2014
2600:ISBN
2540:2019
2515:2010
2484:2017
2459:2010
2418:2010
2396:2010
2358:2023
2250:2021
2221:OCLC
2198:2019
2140:ISBN
2112:ISBN
2025:ISBN
1984:Kiva
1881:2019
1757:ISSN
1671:ISBN
1617:help
1597:2019
1541:Kiva
1211:Tuvi
980:The
875:coal
677:and
587:The
514:Utah
482:, a
379:Zuni
356:Old
283:Utah
271:Hopi
223:Hopi
219:Hopi
206:The
199:The
176:are
174:Hopi
172:The
140:Hopi
95:Hopi
61:olla
3219:of
3118:at
2673:doi
2669:121
2351:NPR
1749:doi
921:in
536:in
469:of
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