2681:
569:
impression that they were spies from hostile villages. Further, while some of these non-mlecchas, such as those of the Jain faith, had established contact with people of the forest tribes, they were automatically designated as mlecchas. This was the typical attitude of people from the plains who took pride in their norms of settled agricultural and urban lifestyles.
505:. Early Vedic literature focused on defining the area of habitation of the Aryas for this land was considered pure; yet there is no actual reference to the mleccha country or behavior. Wherever the territory, though, the implications of naming such lands as the Āryāvarta is that any lands excluded from that area were considered impure.
576:. As such there were intricate rules in place to define purity from impurity, laws of behavior, as well as rituals and customs, in an effort to educate the members of the Brahmanical system. Namely, these advisors took great pains to ensure that peoples of the Brahmanical system did not subscribe to any mleccha customs or rituals.
468:
Though the area of the Aryas expanded with time, the notion that was held over all of the land was that of purity. As Vedic literature refers only to the places and territories that were familiar to the Indo-Aryans, these lands eventually became part of the Āryāvarta. Parasher thus indicates that the
432:
Historians have stated that the notion of foreigners in ancient India – those living outside of the Indian subcontinent – was often accompanied by the idea that one was a barbarian. Still, it seemed that groups who did not come from outside of these areas, as well as foreigners, were designated by
440:
Thus another distinction that was made between the mlecchas and non-mlecchas was area of habitation. Though they were considered a marginal group, the area characterize as the mleccha-desa (the natural border that separated their lands from that of the Aryans) was never permanent. Instead, it was
583:
of names was a common feature among both indigenous and foreign mlecchas who slowly tried to move away from their status of mleccha. Very often, in the case of ruling families, it took one to two generations to make a transition. One of the most direct forms of the expression of the
Brahmanical
568:
Early writings refer to these foreign peoples as half-civilized, unconverted people who rise or eat at improper times. They stated that monks and nuns should avoid certain areas of habitation because they were unsafe. Namely, that the ignorant populace might beat, harass or rob them under the
564:
emerged as a way for the ancient Indo-Aryans to classify those who did not subscribe to the traditional value system, though the characteristics of this system were ambiguous. In sum, though, the idea was that the mlecchas were peoples who did not conform to what was culturally acceptable.
1660:
Interreligious
Reflections, Six Volume Set: Six Volume Set Constituting Friendship Across Religions (Vol 1), Memory and Hope (Vol 2), Sharing Wisdom (Vol 3), The Crisis of the Holy (Vol 4), The Future of Religious Leadership (Vol 5), and The Religious Other (Vol
386:
Early Indo-Aryans spoke
Sanskrit, which evolved into the various local modern Sanskrit-derived languages. Sanskrit was believed to include all the sounds necessary for communication. Early Indo-Aryans would therefore dismiss other languages as foreign tongue
551:
and therefore both their speech and culture had become contaminated and differed from that of Āryāvarta, or else, as in the case of southern India, they were once Aryas but having forsaken the Vedic rituals were regarded to mleccha status.
410:. Parasher continued, "The best experts of the sacrificial art were undoubtedly the various families of the Brahmins who, placed in a hierarchy within the Indo-Aryan social system, became the upholders of pure and best speech".
378:
was a word that meant 'to speak indistinctly'. As such, some suggest that the Indo-Aryans used an onomatopoeic sound to imitate the harshness of alien tongue and to indicate incomprehension, thus coming up with
1342:
413:
Historians note that early Indo-Aryans believed
Sanskrit to be the superior language over all other forms of speech. As such, mleccha or barbarian speech was said to have meant any of the following:
400:
The notion of being Arya suggested a knowledge of
Sanskrit in order to effectively perform ritual hymns; thus suggesting the importance of language. Parasher discusses the importance of knowing the
64:
term, referring to those of an incomprehensible speech, foreign or barbarous invaders as distinguished from the Vedic tribes. Within Vedic
Brahmanical discourse, the term is used to refer to 'non-
931:
Mlecchas as a reference group in early India included all outsiders who did not conform to the values and ideas and consequently to the norms of the society accepted by the elite groups.
1941:
292:
does not have an Indo-European etymology, scholars infer that it must have been a self-designation of a non-Aryan people within India. Based on the geographic references to the
657:
Swami
Parmeshwaranand states the mleccha tribe was born from the tail of the celestial cow Nandini, kept by Vashishta for sacrificial purposes when there was a fight between
391:. As the Sanskrit word itself suggests, mlecchas were those whose speech was alien. Correct speech was a crucial component of being able to take part in the appropriate
1350:
2376:
2246:
2044:
2351:
1934:
572:
Historians note that there were also systems in place to determine the validity – or purity – of certain customs, which would ultimately be judged by the
2526:
2276:
2124:
2064:
219:
does not have a standard Indo-European etymology and has no counterpart in
Iranian languages. However, it has cognates in Middle Indo-Aryan languages:
2481:
2406:
2306:
584:
ritual purity was the form and type of food which a
Brahmin could eat. He was forbidden to accept cooked food from any unclean person. Thus when the
423:
finally, any foreign tongue which was naturally incomprehensible because it was unintelligible to those who did not understand a particular language.
634:, as being impure in habits, and of crooked faces and noses They are dwellers of hills and denizens of mountain-caves. Mlecchas were born of the
616:, which was strictly forbidden to a follower of Hindu orthopraxy, and followed spiritual practices which were foreign to the Indian subcontinent.
2079:
1927:
2501:
1904:
1143:
752:
define a mleccha as someone who eats beef or indulges in self-contradictory statements or is devoid of righteousness and purity of conduct.
2584:
285:
dated to around 700 BCE. It is taken to mean to speak indistinctly or barbarously. Brahmins are prohibited from speaking in this fashion.
1321:
417:
a language which was not necessarily alien, but the speech of the person or persons was improper because it was either hostile or vulgar
1372:
1100:
524:
during this time (522–486 BC) was not designated as mleccha, perhaps because they did not interfere with the
Brahminical way of life.
588:
became a mleccha area conquered by Muslims, the staple food was given a lower place in the food-ranking. By the twelfth century CE,
1078:
1851:
1799:
1669:
1641:
1502:
1315:
1137:
1042:
1675:
1577:
2710:
397:(religious rituals and sacrifices). Thus, without correct speech, one could not hope to practice correct religion, either.
1896:
2705:
1614:
1191:
2577:
918:
1032:
968:
2326:
2631:
604:
was also regarded as the food of the mlecchas and therefore prohibited to the priestly intellectual class of
508:
Further, there is evidence that Indians of the Vedic period actually had contact with people outside of the
2715:
1999:
1699:
795:
2570:
1715:
Rizvi, S.A.A. (1987), The wonder that was India, volume II, pages 252–253, Sidgwick and Jackson, London
630:, some Mleccha warriors are described as having heads completely shaved or half-shaved or covered with
1593:
Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Puranas: (A-C); 2.(D-H); 3.(I-L); 4.(M-R); 5 ... By Swami Parmeshwaranand
996:
787:
454:
297:
89:
17:
2396:
1919:
329:
78:
50:
539:. The tribes of the north were mlecchas either because they were located on the frontiers such as
420:
a language, and here most probably Sanskrit, that was mispronounced and, thereby, incomprehensible
2341:
1492:
2266:
2129:
1813:
1305:
1000:
527:
Later Vedic literature speaks of the western Anava tribes as mlecchas and occupying northern
2511:
2371:
2164:
1892:
756:
95:
The word Mleccha was commonly used for foreign barbarians of whatever race or colour. As a
8:
2661:
2506:
1830:
866:
742:
509:
482:
321:
309:
281:
2609:
2421:
2174:
1880:
1776:
1074:
910:
759:, also uses the term to refer to those of larger groups of other religions, especially
609:
371:
160:
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1311:
1187:
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1094:
1038:
902:
835:
807:
747:
517:
248:
69:
27:
Pre-modern Sanskrit term referring to outsiders, foreigners, barbarians and invaders
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2541:
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2346:
2104:
2014:
1872:
1764:
830:
532:
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269:
241:
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100:
1604:
673:
Mleccha who sprang up from the tail of the celestial cow Nandini sent the army of
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2321:
2296:
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2211:
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2139:
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2099:
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2039:
1841:
1789:
1703:
1658:
1631:
1581:
1574:
1181:
1127:
580:
502:
498:
470:
234:
180:
176:
103:
and the ritual ambience. Thus, historically, contact with them was viewed by the
31:
1839:
2546:
2516:
2451:
2436:
2386:
2336:
2271:
2261:
2206:
2189:
2169:
2159:
2154:
2114:
1994:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1767:(1929). "Indian Studies No. I: Slow Progress of Islam Power in Ancient India".
1744:
764:
497:. Still, other interpretations of the Āryāvarta refer to those areas where the
442:
255:
188:
152:
41:
1876:
2699:
2666:
2521:
2461:
2456:
2411:
2401:
2256:
2231:
2216:
2149:
2049:
2029:
2024:
2019:
1984:
1860:
1565:"Mlecchas in early India: a study in attitudes towards outsiders up to AD 600
1554:
1488:
943:
906:
585:
486:
262:
200:
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2446:
2316:
2301:
2221:
2109:
2089:
2069:
1979:
1809:
1791:
Mlecchas in Early India: A Study in Attitudes toward Outsiders up to AD 600
1756:
992:
783:
726:
715:
573:
305:
196:
1814:"On the relationship of the Sumerian toponym Meluhha and Sanskrit mleccha"
1012:
National geographer, 1977, p 60, Allahabad Geographical Society – History.
771:(died 1048) noted that foreigners were regarded as unclean or Mleccha and
2614:
1952:
791:
674:
658:
626:
317:
112:
1897:"Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan (Ṛgvedic, Middle and Late Vedic)"
1780:
914:
890:
2476:
2196:
2004:
845:
711:
680:
635:
631:
406:
316:("high country", a possible etymological relationship and reference to
794:
repulsed a mleccha invasion. These mlechchhas are identified with the
2604:
2381:
812:
768:
639:
536:
494:
343:
168:
1949:
2593:
2471:
2361:
2311:
2134:
2074:
2059:
2009:
1285:
Southworth, Franklin C. (1998), "On the Origin of the word tamiz",
698:
662:
643:
548:
544:
540:
513:
458:
184:
144:
136:
132:
128:
124:
61:
2496:
2391:
2241:
1200:
817:
779:
719:
686:
605:
521:
462:
450:
339:
301:
227:
192:
164:
148:
140:
1696:
453:
who for long periods of time did not come under the sway of the
404:
in order to perform sacrifice and ritual in the religion of the
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2641:
2626:
2621:
2536:
2431:
2184:
2034:
1989:
772:
760:
694:
601:
597:
528:
478:
296:(Mleccha country) to the west, the term is identified with the
172:
120:
116:
104:
2531:
2226:
1863:(October 1971). "The Image of the Barbarian in Early India".
1227:
1034:
The Language Of History: Sanskrit Narratives Of A Muslim Past
826:
737:
704:
690:
651:
589:
490:
393:
204:
65:
1718:
775:
were forbidden any social or matrimonial contact with them.
374:
perception of the speech of the indigenous peoples. Namely,
2656:
2562:
1523:
1021:
Mahabharata 6.51, 6.118, 7.20, 7.90, 7.116, 7.118, 8.73 etc
840:
822:
740:, but occurs for the first time in the late Vedic text the
707:
during his world campaign conquered many mleccha countries.
647:
613:
593:
493:. The Kalakavana is identified with a tract somewhere near
335:
220:
108:
1254:
592:
was described in one lexicon as food of the mlecchas, and
445:. Parasher noted that the only consistent areas dubbed as
1832:
Personal and Geographical Names in the Gupta Inscriptions
1511:
1454:
1415:
1403:
1391:
1379:
1158:
642:), of fierce eyes, accomplished in smiting looking like
2651:
1794:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharial Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
1553:
Ancient Indian Social History: Some Interpretations By
1535:
1217:
1215:
891:"The Designation Mleccha for Foreigners in Early India"
469:Āryāvarta was designated as the region where the River
300:
people, whose land is known from the Sumerian texts as
1442:
1175:
1173:
650:, and all conversant with the deceptive powers of the
501:
roams, for these areas are fit for the performance of
320:
from where originated the Indus Valley Civilization.
88:): foreigners who are considered outside the realm of
83:
55:
1835:. Concept Publishing Company – via RYD56P78DL9.
1769:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
1438:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 276–277.
1212:
619:
1494:
Ancient Indian Social History: Some Interpretations
1183:
Ancient Indian Social History: Some Interpretations
1170:
1266:
437:, which carried with it a barbarian connotation.
2697:
1656:
1064:Language multiplicity and ancient races in India
669:gives the following information regarding them:
328:meaning 'speak', or 'one's speech' derived from
1602:
1477:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 279.
1808:
1743:
1724:
1475:Subordinate and Marginal Groups in Early India
1436:Subordinate and Marginal Groups in Early India
1287:International Journal of Dravidial Linguistics
1260:
1249:
1233:
1206:
1037:. Penguin Random House India Private Limited.
2578:
1935:
1472:
1433:
755:Medieval Hindu literature, such as that of
370:suggest that the word was derived from the
279:for the first time in the latic Vedic text
2585:
2571:
1942:
1928:
1865:Comparative Studies in Society and History
1763:
1303:
1284:
1164:
895:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
732:This shows mlecchas were against Pandavas.
1603:Parmeshwaranand, Swami (1 January 2001).
1787:
1657:Goshen-Gottstein, Alon (8 August 2018).
1541:
1529:
1517:
1460:
1448:
1421:
1409:
1030:
888:
441:defined by the changing ideas about the
1636:. Ashish Publishing House. p. 36.
14:
2698:
1891:
1859:
1828:
1629:
1487:
1397:
1385:
1371:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1272:
1245:
1221:
1179:
1125:
1099:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
107:as polluting. The Mleccha people were
2566:
1950:Tribes and kingdoms mentioned in the
1923:
1749:The History of the Gurjara-Pratiharas
275:. The Sanskrit word occurs as a verb
233:, from the latter of which originate
1910:from the original on 6 February 2012
1843:Linguistic Archaeology of South Asia
1575:Mahabharata, Drona Parva, Section 92
1307:Linguistic Archaeology of South Asia
944:"mlechchha | ancient Indian class {"
921:from the original on 5 February 2022
555:
1901:Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies
1606:Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Puranas
1349:. Pali Text Society. Archived from
1129:Indian Society: Historical Probings
718:after the distribution as gifts to
24:
1324:from the original on 17 April 2022
1146:from the original on 26 April 2024
99:, any foreigner stood outside the
25:
2727:
1915:
1678:from the original on 7 April 2022
1630:Pillai, Madhavan Arjunan (1988).
1497:. Orient Blackswan. p. 279.
1278:
1180:Thapar, Romila (1 January 1978).
1081:from the original on 8 March 2023
936:
882:
620:Literature describing the Mleccha
324:suggests that mleccha comes from
30:For the dynasty of Kamarupa, see
2679:
736:The term is not attested in the
710:The wealth that remained in the
449:were those regions inhabited by
1751:. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
1737:
1709:
1690:
1650:
1623:
1596:
1587:
1568:
1559:
1547:
1481:
1466:
1427:
1335:
1297:
1239:
1119:
1107:
859:
722:was taken away by the mlecchas.
1067:
1058:
1024:
1015:
1006:
986:
961:
865:See Southworth's etymological
782:inscription of his descendant
366:Some explanations of the name
13:
1:
1840:Southworth, Franklin (2004),
1664:. Wipf and Stock Publishers.
1304:Southworth, Franklin (2004),
1132:. People's Publishing House.
876:
312:derivation for "Meluḫḫa", as
2592:
1473:Parasher-Sen, Aloka (2004).
1434:Parasher-Sen, Aloka (2004).
1261:Parpola & Parpola (1975)
1250:Parpola & Parpola (1975)
1234:Parpola & Parpola (1975)
1207:Parpola & Parpola (1975)
729:on the army of the Pandavas.
427:
210:
7:
2711:Ethno-cultural designations
1903:, vol. 5, no. 1,
801:
725:The mlecchas drove angered
361:
84:
56:
10:
2732:
2706:Ethnic and religious slurs
29:
2675:
2600:
1960:
1877:10.1017/s0010417500006393
1580:29 September 2007 at the
1310:, Routledge, p. 74,
1031:Truschke, Audrey (2021).
997:The wonder that was India
683:was the king of mlecchas.
518:Achaemenid Persian Empire
73:
45:
1829:Sharma, Tej Ram (1978).
1812:; Parpola, Simo (1975),
1788:Parasher, Aloka (1991).
1702:16 November 2007 at the
889:Parasher, Aloka (1979).
852:
596:became the pure cereal.
489:, probably the hills of
346:Buddhism, uses the term
1347:Pali-English Dictionary
520:, which ruled over the
1633:Ancient Indian History
1126:Sharma, R. S. (1993).
354:, a borrowing from a
1609:. Sarup & Sons.
1186:. Orient Blackswan.
1001:Sidgwick and Jackson
796:Arab Muslim invaders
767:, a foreign visitor
757:Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
207:were also mlecchas.
2716:Anti-Buddhist slurs
1725:Baij Nath Puri 1957
1532:, pp. 101–102.
1400:, pp. 408–409.
1388:, pp. 409–410.
1353:on 27 February 2021
1209:, pp. 208–209.
867:derivation of Tamil
743:Shatapatha Brahmana
701:once defeated them.
510:Indian subcontinent
483:Pariyatra Mountains
322:Franklin Southworth
282:Śathapatha‐Brāhmaṇa
2610:Hindu architecture
948:www.britannica.com
522:Indus River Valley
473:disappears is the
350:. It also employs
254:(weep or lament),
215:The Sanskrit word
2693:
2692:
2560:
2559:
1853:978-1-134-31777-6
1818:Studia Orientalia
1801:978-81-215-0529-1
1765:Bhandarkar, D. R.
1671:978-1-5326-7152-4
1643:978-81-7024-188-1
1520:, pp. 76–77.
1504:978-81-250-0808-8
1463:, pp. 94–96.
1424:, pp. 80–81.
1412:, pp. 48–49.
1317:978-1-134-31777-6
1139:978-81-7007-176-1
1044:978-93-5305-000-9
999:, pages 145–146,
836:Mlechchha dynasty
808:Kala pani (taboo)
788:Gurjara Pratihara
778:According to the
749:Baudhayana sutras
677:flying in terror.
608:. Mlecchas drank
556:Cultural behavior
82:
54:
16:(Redirected from
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1004:
990:
984:
983:
981:
979:
973:Oxford Reference
965:
959:
958:
956:
954:
940:
934:
933:
928:
926:
886:
870:
863:
831:Dahiya (surname)
475:Patiala district
451:primitive tribes
356:Dramatic Prakrit
87:
77:
75:
59:
49:
47:
21:
2731:
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2726:
2725:
2724:
2722:
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2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
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2632:Gurus and sants
2596:
2591:
2561:
2556:
2100:Haihaya kingdom
2040:Dakshina Kosala
1956:
1948:
1918:
1907:
1893:Witzel, Michael
1854:
1802:
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1704:Wayback Machine
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1530:Parasher (1991)
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1518:Parasher (1991)
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581:Sanskritisation
558:
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330:Proto-Dravidian
308:has proposed a
273:myaloch (dirty)
213:
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32:Mleccha dynasty
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2017:
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1947:
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1939:
1932:
1924:
1917:
1916:External links
1914:
1913:
1912:
1889:
1871:(4): 409–410.
1861:Thapar, Romila
1857:
1852:
1837:
1826:
1806:
1800:
1785:
1775:(1/2): 25–44.
1761:
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765:medieval India
734:
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684:
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638:(belonging to
621:
618:
557:
554:
499:black antelope
485:belong to the
429:
426:
425:
424:
421:
418:
402:correct speech
389:mleccha bhasha
363:
360:
332:for language.
256:Western Pahari
212:
209:
42:Vedic Sanskrit
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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1810:Parpola, Asko
1807:
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1246:Witzel (1999)
1242:
1235:
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1224:, p. 25.
1223:
1222:Witzel (1999)
1218:
1216:
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1195:
1193:9788125008088
1189:
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1167:, p. 30.
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487:Vindhya Range
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2512:Uttara Madra
2377:Pratyagratha
2372:Pragjyotisha
2281:
2090:Gopa Rashtra
1951:
1900:
1868:
1864:
1842:
1831:
1821:
1817:
1790:
1772:
1768:
1748:
1738:Bibliography
1720:
1711:
1692:
1680:. Retrieved
1659:
1652:
1632:
1625:
1605:
1598:
1589:
1570:
1561:
1549:
1537:
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1513:
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1444:
1435:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1381:
1355:. Retrieved
1351:the original
1346:
1337:
1326:, retrieved
1306:
1299:
1293:(1): 129–132
1290:
1286:
1280:
1268:
1256:
1241:
1229:
1202:
1182:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1128:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1083:. Retrieved
1069:
1060:
1048:. Retrieved
1033:
1026:
1017:
1008:
988:
976:. Retrieved
972:
963:
951:. Retrieved
947:
938:
930:
923:. Retrieved
898:
894:
884:
861:
784:Mihira Bhoja
777:
754:
748:
741:
735:
716:Yudhishthira
666:
656:
632:matted locks
625:
623:
578:
571:
567:
561:
559:
535:and eastern
526:
507:
467:
447:mleccha desa
446:
439:
434:
431:
412:
405:
401:
399:
392:
388:
385:
380:
375:
367:
365:
351:
347:
338:, the older
334:
325:
313:
306:Asko Parpola
294:Mleccha deśa
293:
289:
287:
280:
276:
272:
265:
258:
251:
244:
237:
230:
223:
216:
214:
101:varna system
96:
94:
90:Vedic dharma
37:
36:
2507:Uttara Kuru
2247:Maha Chinas
2045:Dakshinatya
1953:Mahabharata
1328:12 February
1116:12.65.13-15
901:: 109–120.
792:Nagabhata I
675:Vishvamitra
667:Mahabharata
659:Vishvamitra
627:Mahabharata
465:influence.
318:Balochistan
161:Indo-Greeks
157:Saka-Greeks
2700:Categories
2477:Tamraparni
2422:Saurashtra
2352:Parvartaka
2197:Kishkindha
2175:Kimpurusha
953:13 January
925:5 February
877:References
846:Massagetae
712:yaga-shala
681:Bhagadatta
644:messengers
372:Indo-Aryan
2605:Hindu art
2527:Vatadhana
2467:Surparaka
2417:Saraswata
2382:Prasthala
2095:Hara Huna
1885:143480731
1824:: 205–238
1003:, London.
969:"mleccha"
907:2249-1937
848:, Mleccha
813:Barbarian
769:Al Birūnī
727:elephants
640:Vasishtha
614:cow flesh
560:The word
537:Rajputana
503:sacrifice
471:Sarasvati
443:Āryāvarta
433:the term
428:Territory
407:brahmanas
344:Theravada
310:Dravidian
277:mlecchati
261:(dirty),
211:Etymology
169:Scythians
79:romanized
51:romanized
18:Mlechchas
2594:Hinduism
2552:Yaudheya
2542:Vidarbha
2487:Trigarta
2472:Surasena
2367:Pishacha
2347:Parasika
2327:Panchala
2312:Nishadas
2277:Mekhalas
2267:Manipura
2125:Kalakuta
2105:Himalaya
2075:Gandhāra
2065:Dasherka
2060:Dasharna
1905:archived
1895:(1999),
1781:41682407
1747:(1957).
1700:Archived
1697:Vedabase
1676:Archived
1578:Archived
1491:(1978).
1367:cite web
1322:archived
1150:26 April
1144:Archived
1095:cite web
1085:26 April
1079:Archived
919:Archived
915:44141948
802:See also
720:Brahmins
699:Sahadeva
687:Pandavas
663:Vasistha
606:Brahmins
549:Kambojas
541:Gandhara
514:Persians
459:Buddhist
362:Language
352:milakkhu
348:milakkha
342:used by
314:mel-akam
249:Kashmiri
224:milakkha
185:Nishadas
181:Tusharas
177:Kinnaras
165:Pulindas
145:Barbaras
137:Rishikas
133:Bahlikas
129:Pahlavas
125:Kambojas
74:अनार्याः
70:Sanskrit
62:Sanskrit
2667:Studies
2662:Worship
2497:Tushara
2482:Tangana
2442:Sinhala
2427:Sauvira
2407:Salveya
2392:Pulinda
2362:Paurava
2357:Parvata
2322:Pallava
2307:Niharas
2297:Nasikya
2292:Mushika
2287:Mudgala
2282:Mleccha
2252:Mahisha
2242:Magadha
2237:Madraka
2212:Kuninda
2202:Konkana
2190:Kingdom
2180:Kinnara
2145:Karusha
2140:Karnata
2135:Kamboja
2130:Kalinga
2120:Kasmira
2085:Gomanta
2070:Dwaraka
2055:Dasarna
2015:Bhārata
2010:Bahlika
1757:2491084
1682:6 April
1357:24 July
995:(1954)
818:Meluhha
780:Gwalior
761:Muslims
689:, like
624:In the
610:alcohol
562:mleccha
545:Kasmira
435:mleccha
381:mleccha
368:mleccha
340:Prakrit
302:Meluḫḫa
290:mleccha
270:Bengali
252:brichun
242:Punjabi
231:mliccha
228:Prakrit
217:mleccha
201:Balochs
193:Mongols
173:Kushans
153:Paradas
149:Kiratas
143:. The
141:Daradas
117:Chinese
97:mleccha
85:anāryaḥ
81::
60:) is a
57:mlecchá
53::
46:म्लेच्छ
38:Mleccha
2685:Portal
2647:Moksha
2642:Mantra
2627:Dharma
2622:Chakra
2547:Yavana
2537:Videha
2517:Utkala
2452:Sonita
2437:Sindhu
2432:Shakya
2387:Pundra
2337:Parada
2332:Pandya
2272:Matsya
2262:Malava
2257:Malla
2207:Kosala
2185:Kirata
2170:Kikata
2160:Kerala
2155:Kekeya
2115:Kanchi
2035:Chinas
2000:Avanti
1995:Asmaka
1990:Assaka
1975:Anarta
1970:Andhra
1965:Abhira
1883:
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