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reaching 75% of their full length within the first year. Heavy predation and sexual selection could be contributing to these trends in growth. Little else is known about the reproductive habits and parental characteristics of this particular species of sucker, probably because federal permits to study endangered species are difficult to obtain. Suckers prefer fast and shallow runs during flooding seasons, and will retreat to slower and deeper pools during droughts. Suckers eat by pulling food off of the bottom of streams; therefore a heavy amount of sediment discharge is needed. This is why the loss of wetlands and environmental pressures are so detrimental to the sucker. Wetland loss and lack of sediment discharge/recharge are strongly correlated to the disappearance of the species.
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Serve (2002). The San
Bernardino Ranch has current plans to reintroduce individuals in attempt to recharge the population, and other projects involve federal habitat preservation. Dexter National Fish Hatchery has had the most success, because they have developed an effective method for reintroducing the species, and providing the criteria for spawning.
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including semi-desert grassland. The
Arizona biomes restrict the Yaqui sucker to mud-bottomed pools, which must be surrounded by riparian vegetation. In Mexico, however, the sucker prefers gravel-bottomed pools and streams. The gravel areas of the Yaqui River provide a more beneficial spawning area for the Yaqui sucker.
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females. Laterally lined scales usually numbering between 62 and 73 mark the body of this sucker, and its head is counter shaded light below and dark above. The dorsal and caudal fins are dark, with other fins being either white or yellow. The Yaqui sucker can be easily mistaken with its close relative,
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The widespread elevation change in this species allows for a variety of habitats. The Yaqui sucker has a wide-ranging thermal tolerance that allows it to inhabit aquatic systems from the lowest desert streams to the highest of mountain brooks, in all biotic communities from desert scrub up to and
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The Yaqui sucker's body is fusiform and somewhat elongated, with relatively large head and eyes. The lips can be distinguished in that they are less fleshy than other
Arizona suckers. The high dorsal fin has twelve fin rays. Anal, pelvic, and dorsal fins are all particularly larger in males than
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Arizona placed the Yaqui sucker on the
Endangered species list in 1988, and little has been done to recover their numbers. Aquifer pumping, reduction in stream flows, and predation from non-native green sunfish, are all major contributing factors to the decline of the species according to Nature
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Spawning will usually take place early in the calendar year, particularly March and April due to specific water temperature preferences. During these periods the males will turn blue, while the females remain a yellowish brown. Juvenile suckers will immediately have exponential growth spurts,
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Rinne, J.N., and W.L. Minckley. 1991. Native fishes of arid lands: a dwindling resource of the desert southwest. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report RM-206. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado. pp.
564:. Since 1978, populations have decreased drastically with little recovery. They have completely disappeared from San Bernardino Creek, and The Endangered Species Act is currently trying to protect those in Cochise County. Most have been extirpated since 1968.
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Arizona Game and Fish
Department. In prep. Wildlife of special concern in Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department Publication. Phoenix, Arizona. 32 pp.
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Hendrickson, D.A., et al. 1980. Fishes of the Rio Yaqui Basin, Mexico and United States. Journal of the
Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science 15(3):75-77.
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Page, L.M., and B.M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North
America, north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. p. 171.
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This particular species of sucker can be found in a variety of places within the southwest, ranging from the
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Minckley, W.L. 1973. Fishes of
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713:Arizona Game and Fish Department: Yaqui sucker
633:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T4039A129655860.en
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472:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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345:and could possibly be a subspecies of the
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341:. The Yaqui sucker is related to the
337:or Yaqui sucker belongs to the family
988:Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard
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968:Freshwater fish of the United States
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953:IUCN Red List least concern species
619:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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993:Fish described in 1856
732:Catostomus bernardini
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335:Catostomus bernardini
329:. It is found in the
318:Catostomus bernardini
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608:NatureServe (2019).
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427:Catostomus insignis
156:Conservation status
552:in Mexico, to the
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451:This section
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339:Catostomidae
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331:Aridoamerica
327:Catostomidae
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47:verification
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18:Yaqui Sucker
873:NatureServe
821:iNaturalist
639:17 November
550:Yaqui River
353:Description
347:Gila sucker
958:Catostomus
947:Categories
595:References
496:newspapers
264:Catostomus
80:newspapers
556:south of
453:does not
401:July 2023
372:does not
271:Species:
209:Kingdom:
203:Eukaryota
110:July 2023
878:2.103112
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795:FishBase
741:Wikidata
249:Family:
223:Chordata
219:Phylum:
213:Animalia
199:Domain:
176:IUCN 3.1
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813:2359039
747:Q306990
568:Habitat
558:Douglas
510:scholar
474:removed
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259:Genus:
239:Order:
229:Class:
174: (
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756:BOLD
641:2021
624:2019
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