239:
733:
407:. The Falcons honoured Hewitt and his wife at a private dinner and presented them with a silver cup inscribed with the number 13, for the number of people who made the trip to the Olympics and the team's lucky number. Upon their return from the games, the Winnipeg Falcons were hailed as conquering heroes but this was a far cry from the attitude that had previously been expressed by Winnipeg hockey officials. The Falcons were given a large banquet upon their return and each played received a watch from the City of Winnipeg.
215:
224:
546:
385:
1194:
1169:
1151:
1126:
1101:
1072:
1047:
1022:
965:
944:
916:
889:
149:
164:, Brandon Wheat City and Winnipeg AAA. In 1913–14, the Falcons became part of the Independent Hockey League, joining the Strathconas from Winnipeg and teams from Selkirk and Portage la Prairie. The Falcons finished the season with 4 wins and 8 losses. During the following season, the Falcons beat Portage by a score of 4–3 to become league champions.
200:
in the Allan Cup playoffs. The
Falcons beat the Fishermen 5–3 to claim the Manitoba Hockey League championship. Frank Fredrickson won the Manitoba Hockey League scoring title with 23 goals in 10 games. Wally Byron led the league with two shutouts and had a 2.57 goals against average. Bobby Benson led
156:
The early roots of the
Winnipeg Falcons can be traced back to the Icelandic Athletic Club which was formed in 1898. The club consisted of a two team league called the Icelandic Athletic Club (IAC) and the Vikings. In 1908, the two teams agreed to become one team. The Winnipeg Falcons had been
292:, hockey and figure skating events were held in late April and early May, while the weather was still cool enough for suitable ice conditions in the arena. The players were welcomed home to Winnipeg in May with a parade, a banquet and gifts of gold watches.
167:
During the First World War, seven of the eight
Falcons players enlisted to serve and went overseas. Two players — Frank Thorsteinson and George Cumbers — died in the war. The other five returned to Winnipeg after the war in 1919 and reassembled the team.
688:"Remembering Canada's first Olympic hockey gold: Winning gold 100 years ago in Antwerp, Belgium, Canada's team set a standard for Olympic hockey dominance that would last for three more successive Games"
805:
376:
Five other players also contributed to the
Falcons 1919–20 season, but were not part of the Olympic roster. Their names were Harvey Benson, Ed Stephenson, Connie Neil, Babs Dunlop and Sam Laxdal.
266:
and oversaw finances for the
Falcons, and reported on the Olympic Games for Canadian newspapers. He and his wife were a father and mother figure to the Falcons, and sailed with them aboard
445:
The first member of the squad to pass away was Chris
Fridfinnson who died at the age of 40 in 1938. The last surviving member was Mike Goodman. He was 93 years old when he died in 1991.
414:
was suspicious of multiple players changing their addresses for the purpose of playing on a new team, and hired a detective to investigate the amateur status of players in Canada. The
288:
It was there that the team won the first
Olympic gold medal in ice hockey, outscoring their opponents by a combined score of 29–1 in three games. Although an official part of those
132:
players who had not been able to join other
Winnipeg teams due to ethnic prejudice. In their first season, 1911–1912, they finished at the bottom of their league. The next year,
1477:
634:
announced that in recognition of the
Falcons winning the first gold medal in Olympic ice hockey in 1920, the victory would be recognized as a "National Historical Event".
157:
excluded from the city league because of their racial origin. Almost all of the
Falcons' players were of Icelandic descent and the falcon is Iceland's national bird.
193:
1262:
769:
620:
1467:
624:
449:
251:
820:
597:
255:
114:
1382:
1353:
687:
600:
have permanent displays honouring the Falcons and their Olympic victory. The 1920 Winnipeg Falcons were inducted into the
247:
160:
During the 1910–11 season, the Falcons became part of a new senior league. Other clubs in the league would include the
1397:
1367:
1335:
1309:
125:. There the Falcons, soundly beating all their opponents, won for Canada the first Olympic gold medal in ice hockey.
201:
the league with 26 penalties in minutes. Winning the Allan Cup gave the Winnipeg Falcons their Olympic opportunity.
1472:
415:
1411:
611:, in recognition of the Falcons' achievement, used a replica yellow and black jersey as alternate jerseys for the
452:
honours the Falcons on their jerseys by using the Icelandic Falcon and the Canadian maple leaf as their emblem.
492:
181:
601:
593:
238:
152:
Winnipeg Falcons on route to the 1920 Olympics (photo includes an unidentified ships' officer and a woman)
189:
50:
467:
423:
327:
263:
1462:
518:
333:
274:
1035:
1008:
951:
930:
902:
732:
612:
558:
1360:
The Official Olympic Games Companion: The Complete Guide to the Olympic Winter Games, 1998 Edition
987:
The Official Olympic Games Companion: The Complete Guide to the Olympic Winter Games 1998 Edition
773:
National Archives of Canada/Konrad Johannesson collection/PA-111330 (Library and Archives Canada)
510:
1013:
289:
128:
The Winnipeg Falcons hockey team was founded in 1911 with a roster made almost entirely of
1182:
1157:
1139:
1114:
1089:
1060:
8:
1323:
956:
935:
907:
585:
578:
439:
316:
129:
875:
1246:
426:
halfway through the season. Sterling's detective discovered that neither had worked in
363:
133:
106:
33:
1193:
1168:
1150:
1125:
1100:
1071:
1046:
1021:
964:
943:
915:
888:
1393:
1378:
1363:
1349:
1331:
1305:
528:
482:
434:
6,500 to play hockey. Sterling ordered the suspension of the Saskatoon team from the
345:
339:
185:
137:
1444:
1301:
1231:
931:"Olympic Title First Won by Falcons: Achievement of Local Team Was Outstanding One"
554:
487:
419:
357:
569:
on their way to the top of the hockey world. The Falcons segment premiered at the
1319:
1293:
880:
566:
565:, shares how the Falcons overcame discrimination and stayed together through the
431:
161:
655:"The Winnipeg Falcons Hockey Club: the world's first Olympic Hockey Champions.."
1215:
573:
in Winnipeg on November 6, 2014, during the intermission of a game between the
435:
411:
351:
197:
177:
110:
1415:
1456:
608:
574:
545:
472:
369:
725:
384:
223:
631:
502:
310:
259:
214:
1375:
When Falcons Fly: The Story of the World's First Olympic Gold Hockey Team
1263:"Government of Canada Announces Eight New National Historic Designations"
1090:"Dominion Association Extends Residence Rule From Three Months To Aug. 1"
562:
477:
404:
393:
952:"Achievement of Local Team Was Outstanding One (Continued from Page 19)"
616:
570:
533:
497:
102:
623:
wore replicas of the famous old gold and black Falcons uniforms for a
1390:
Long Shot, How the Winnipeg Falcons won the first Olympic Hockey Gold
427:
278:
267:
250:(CAHA) chose the Falcons as the Allan Cup champions to represent the
140:
joined the team. That team turned out to be a winner in the league.
400:
1420:
806:"Winnipeg Falcons subject of first-ever extended Heritage Minute."
709:
148:
654:
589:
523:
442:
allowed the team and players to continue in the league playoffs.
418:
voided the amateur registration cards of former Falcons' players
282:
122:
118:
89:
1036:"City Presents Falcon Players With Watches At Elaborate Banquet"
821:"Olympic hockey heroes honoured in war-themed Heritage Minute.'
258:, instead of forming a national all-star team on short notice.
1298:
Canada's Olympic Hockey Teams: The Complete History 1920–1998
1318:
388:
Winnipeg Free Press, April 27th, 1920 on the Olympic win.
1377:. Vancouver, British Columbia: Poppy Productions, 2007.
1346:
Canada on Ice; The World Hockey Championships, 1920–2008
1158:"Regina, Moose Jaw and Saskatoon Will Carry On Schedule"
1183:"Sterling Says He Made No Statement Regarding the Vics"
1164:. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. January 31, 1921. p. 6.
1146:. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. January 31, 1921. p. 7.
865:
Podnieks, Andrew; Hockey Hall of Fame (2005), pp. 28–29
410:
At the beginning of the 1920–21 season, CAHA president
232:
1920 Olympic Games memorabilia for the Winnipeg Falcons
1392:. Toronto, Ontario: James Lorimer and Company, 2007.
1121:. Regina, Saskatchewan. February 12, 1921. p. 20.
549:
Unveiling of prominent display at MTS Centre, Winnipeg
1348:. Toronto, Ontario: Canada On Ice Productions, 2008.
1189:. Regina, Saskatchewan. February 2, 1921. p. 12.
649:
647:
1478:
Ice hockey teams representing Canada internationally
884:. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. April 6, 1920. p. 6.
1247:"Hockey Canada and Nike Hockey Celebrate History."
644:
392:The Falcons and the Hewitts returned home aboard
1454:
1083:
1081:
861:
859:
826:, November 7, 2014. Retrieved: January 10, 2017.
811:, November 7, 2014. Retrieved: January 10, 2017.
1042:. Winnipeg, Manitoba. May 25, 1920. p. 15.
1017:. Winnipeg, Manitoba. May 21, 1920. p. 18.
903:"Billy Hewitt To Provide News of Falcons' Trip"
113:. That team went on to represent Canada in the
1067:. Ottawa, Ontario. October 6, 1920. p. 9.
1078:
856:
180:, as part of the Manitoba Hockey League with
801:
799:
716:(in Icelandic). December 30, 2019. p. 1
242:Winnipeg Falcons at the 1920 Summer Olympics
765:
763:
744:
742:
557:segment in 2014. The segment, narrated by
1115:"Saskatchewan Hockey Assn. Will Carry On"
796:
1292:
1061:"Amateur Hockey Assn. Will Ban Tourists"
949:
928:
760:
739:
681:
679:
677:
675:
544:
383:
237:
147:
950:Metcalfe, William (February 13, 1932).
929:Metcalfe, William (February 13, 1932).
598:Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum
440:Saskatchewan Amateur Hockey Association
204:
1455:
1140:"S.H.A. Comes Back Strong At Sterling"
256:ice hockey at the 1920 Summer Olympics
1436:Canada men's Olympic ice hockey team
1330:. Toronto, Ontario: Fenn Publishing.
1087:
685:
672:
1237:, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2017.
770:"Backcheck: a Hockey Retrospective."
660:, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2017.
304:Hebbie Axford D.F.C.(Club President)
47:Independent Hockey League (formerly)
1421:1920 Winnipeg Falcons Official Site
553:The Falcons were honoured in a new
248:Canadian Amateur Hockey Association
13:
1468:Defunct ice hockey teams in Canada
1362:. London: Brassey's Sports, 1998.
619:. Later that year, on December 20
14:
1489:
1405:
1096:. Winnipeg, Manitoba. p. 25.
960:. Winnipeg, Manitoba. p. 22.
686:Smith, Stephen (April 23, 2020).
627:pre-tournament game in Winnipeg.
313:(Canadian Olympic representative)
295:
196:for the opportunity to represent
171:
1192:
1167:
1149:
1124:
1099:
1070:
1045:
1020:
998:Podnieks, Andrew (1997), pp. 6–7
963:
942:
914:
887:
731:
416:Amateur Athletic Union of Canada
379:
222:
213:
143:
1255:
1240:
1224:
1209:
1200:
1175:
1132:
1107:
1053:
1028:
1001:
992:
980:
971:
922:
895:
868:
847:
838:
829:
814:
192:would play the champion of the
109:. The Winnipeg Falcons won the
16:Canadian senior ice hockey team
1252:. Retrieved: January 10, 2017.
1221:. Retrieved: January 10, 2017.
787:
778:
775:. Retrieved: January 13, 2017.
751:
710:"Íslendingar vinna sér frægð!"
702:
663:
450:Icelandic national hockey team
188:. The first place team of the
1:
1088:Ching, Tim (March 19, 1921).
1009:"Falcons Honour Billy Hewitt"
977:Podnieks, Andrew (1997), p. 2
853:Podnieks, Andrew (1997), p. 2
637:
455:
176:The Winnipeg Falcons won the
1416:Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame
911:. April 6, 1920. p. 14.
602:Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame
594:Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame
307:Bill Fridfinnson (Secretary)
101:were a senior men's amateur
7:
10:
1494:
1285:
264:Canadian Olympic Committee
252:Canada men's national team
1441:
1434:
1428:
625:World Junior Championship
540:
85:
67:
59:
41:
28:
23:
669:Holland 2008, pp. 22–23.
613:2004 World Cup of Hockey
559:George Stroumboulopoulos
1473:Senior ice hockey teams
511:Winnipeg Junior Falcons
438:playoffs, although the
604:in the team category.
550:
430:and the pair received
389:
243:
194:Winnipeg Hockey League
190:Manitoba Hockey League
153:
51:Manitoba Hockey League
1412:1920 Winnipeg Falcons
690:. Canadian Geographic
548:
387:
241:
151:
1300:. Toronto, Ontario:
1267:Government of Canada
1230:Johannesson, Brian.
1162:Saskatoon Daily Star
1094:The Winnipeg Tribune
1014:The Winnipeg Tribune
881:Saskatoon Daily Star
658:winnipegfalcons.com
653:Johannesson, Brian.
621:national junior team
607:On August 31, 2004,
561:and featuring actor
290:Summer Olympic Games
205:1920 Summer Olympics
1324:Hockey Hall of Fame
1235:winnipegfalcons.com
1206:Zweig 2007, p. 105.
957:Winnipeg Free Press
936:Winnipeg Free Press
908:Winnipeg Free Press
809:Winnipeg Free Press
586:Hockey Hall of Fame
579:Pittsburgh Penguins
317:Gordon Sigurjonsson
90:winnipegfalcons.com
71:Green, blue, yellow
1219:Ice Hockey Iceland
1216:"Our logo's saga."
1065:The Ottawa Citizen
876:"With the Falcons"
844:Zweig 2007, p. 65.
835:Zweig 2007, p. 64.
793:Zweig 2007, p. 28.
784:Zweig 2007, p. 20.
757:Zweig 2007, p. 18.
748:Zweig 2007, p. 21.
630:On July 31, 2019,
551:
390:
364:Konrad Johannesson
244:
182:Brandon Wheat City
154:
134:Konnie Johannesson
130:Icelandic Canadian
115:1920 Olympic games
107:Winnipeg, Manitoba
34:Winnipeg, Manitoba
1451:
1450:
1442:Succeeded by
1383:978-0-9782818-0-9
1354:978-0-9808936-0-1
529:Phil Hergesheimer
483:Frank Fredrickson
346:Chris Fridfinnson
342:(Captain, center)
340:Frank Fredrickson
186:Selkirk Fishermen
138:Frank Fredrickson
95:
94:
1485:
1463:Winnipeg Falcons
1445:Toronto Granites
1429:Preceded by
1426:
1425:
1341:
1320:Podnieks, Andrew
1315:
1302:Doubleday Canada
1294:Podnieks, Andrew
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1259:
1253:
1244:
1238:
1232:"Three Jerseys."
1228:
1222:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1085:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1068:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1043:
1040:Winnipeg Tribune
1032:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1005:
999:
996:
990:
984:
978:
975:
969:
968:
967:
961:
947:
946:
940:
926:
920:
919:
918:
912:
899:
893:
892:
891:
885:
872:
866:
863:
854:
851:
845:
842:
836:
833:
827:
818:
812:
803:
794:
791:
785:
782:
776:
767:
758:
755:
749:
746:
737:
736:
735:
729:
723:
721:
706:
700:
699:
697:
695:
683:
670:
667:
661:
651:
488:Haldor Halderson
461:Winnipeg Falcons
420:Haldor Halderson
358:Haldor Halderson
319:(Coach, Trainer)
262:represented the
226:
217:
99:Winnipeg Falcons
81:
78:
75:
37:
24:Winnipeg Falcons
21:
20:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1438:
1432:
1408:
1403:
1373:Square, David.
1344:Holland, Dave.
1338:
1312:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1269:. July 31, 2019
1261:
1260:
1256:
1245:
1241:
1229:
1225:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1191:
1187:The Leader-Post
1181:
1180:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1148:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1119:The Leader-Post
1113:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1086:
1079:
1069:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1007:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
985:
981:
976:
972:
962:
941:
927:
923:
913:
901:
900:
896:
886:
874:
873:
869:
864:
857:
852:
848:
843:
839:
834:
830:
819:
815:
804:
797:
792:
788:
783:
779:
768:
761:
756:
752:
747:
740:
730:
719:
717:
708:
707:
703:
693:
691:
684:
673:
668:
664:
652:
645:
640:
567:First World War
555:Heritage Minute
543:
538:
507:
458:
382:
366:(Right defence)
298:
236:
235:
234:
233:
229:
228:
227:
219:
218:
207:
174:
162:Kenora Thistles
146:
79:
76:
73:
72:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1491:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1407:
1406:External links
1404:
1402:
1401:
1386:
1371:
1357:
1342:
1336:
1316:
1310:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1254:
1239:
1223:
1208:
1199:
1174:
1131:
1106:
1077:
1052:
1027:
1000:
991:
979:
970:
921:
894:
867:
855:
846:
837:
828:
813:
795:
786:
777:
759:
750:
738:
701:
671:
662:
642:
641:
639:
636:
542:
539:
537:
536:
531:
526:
521:
515:
506:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
464:
457:
454:
436:1921 Allan Cup
412:H. J. Sterling
381:
378:
374:
373:
367:
361:
355:
352:Magnus Goodman
349:
343:
337:
331:
330:(Left defence)
321:
320:
314:
308:
305:
297:
296:Olympic roster
294:
231:
230:
221:
220:
212:
211:
210:
209:
208:
206:
203:
198:Western Canada
178:1920 Allan Cup
173:
172:1920 Allan Cup
170:
145:
142:
111:1920 Allan Cup
105:team based in
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
55:
54:
48:
43:
39:
38:
30:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1490:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1446:
1437:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1399:
1398:1-55028-974-8
1395:
1391:
1388:Zweig, Eric.
1387:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1368:1-85753-244-9
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1337:1-55168-296-6
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1311:0-385-25688-4
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1251:
1250:Hockey Canada
1248:
1243:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1220:
1217:
1212:
1203:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1170:
1163:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1127:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1102:
1095:
1091:
1084:
1082:
1073:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1048:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1023:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1004:
995:
989:1998, p. 128.
988:
983:
974:
966:
959:
958:
953:
945:
939:. p. 19.
938:
937:
932:
925:
917:
910:
909:
904:
898:
890:
883:
882:
877:
871:
862:
860:
850:
841:
832:
825:
824:globalnews.ca
822:
817:
810:
807:
802:
800:
790:
781:
774:
771:
766:
764:
754:
745:
743:
734:
727:
715:
711:
705:
689:
682:
680:
678:
676:
666:
659:
656:
650:
648:
643:
635:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:Hockey Canada
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
575:Winnipeg Jets
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
547:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
514:
513:
512:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
493:John Morrison
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
473:Mud Bruneteau
471:
469:
466:
465:
463:
462:
453:
451:
446:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:Robert Benson
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
397:
386:
380:Post-Olympics
377:
371:
370:Allan Woodman
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
328:Robert Benson
326:
325:
324:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
302:
301:
293:
291:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
271:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
240:
225:
216:
202:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
169:
165:
163:
158:
150:
144:Early history
141:
139:
135:
131:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
91:
88:
84:
70:
66:
62:
58:
52:
49:
46:
45:
44:
40:
35:
31:
27:
22:
19:
1435:
1389:
1374:
1359:
1345:
1327:
1297:
1271:. Retrieved
1266:
1257:
1249:
1242:
1234:
1226:
1218:
1211:
1202:
1186:
1177:
1161:
1144:Star-Phoenix
1143:
1134:
1118:
1109:
1093:
1064:
1055:
1039:
1030:
1012:
1003:
994:
986:
982:
973:
955:
934:
924:
906:
897:
879:
870:
849:
840:
831:
823:
816:
808:
789:
780:
772:
753:
724:– via
720:November 28,
718:. Retrieved
713:
704:
692:. Retrieved
665:
657:
632:Parks Canada
629:
606:
583:
552:
519:Doug Baldwin
509:
508:
503:Cully Wilson
468:Bobby Benson
460:
459:
447:
444:
409:
395:
391:
375:
360:(Right wing)
348:(Substitute)
334:Walter Byron
322:
311:W. A. Hewitt
300:Executives:
299:
287:
281:, then onto
269:
260:W. A. Hewitt
245:
175:
166:
159:
155:
127:
98:
96:
18:
563:Jared Keeso
478:Art Chapman
405:Quebec City
354:(Left wing)
1457:Categories
1328:Silverware
1273:August 12,
726:TĂmarit.is
638:References
571:MTS Centre
534:Art Somers
498:Art Somers
456:NHL alumni
275:Saint John
103:ice hockey
53:(formerly)
428:Saskatoon
323:Players:
279:Liverpool
1326:(2005).
1296:(1997).
617:Team USA
615:against
401:Le Havre
396:Grampian
394:SS
268:SS
184:and the
117:held in
36:, Canada
1286:Sources
590:Toronto
524:Al Carr
372:(Rover)
283:Antwerp
123:Belgium
119:Antwerp
86:Website
68:Colours
60:Founded
1396:
1381:
1366:
1352:
1334:
1308:
714:Voröld
694:May 2,
541:Legacy
336:(Goal)
270:Melita
80:
77:
74:
42:League
1439:1920
399:from
273:from
1431:None
1394:ISBN
1379:ISBN
1364:ISBN
1350:ISBN
1332:ISBN
1306:ISBN
1275:2019
722:2022
696:2020
596:and
584:The
577:and
448:The
422:and
246:The
136:and
97:The
63:1908
29:City
1414:at
588:in
432:C$
403:to
277:to
254:in
1459::
1322:;
1304:.
1265:.
1185:.
1160:.
1155:;
1142:.
1117:.
1092:.
1080:^
1063:.
1038:.
1011:.
954:.
948:;
933:.
905:.
878:.
858:^
798:^
762:^
741:^
712:.
674:^
646:^
592:,
581:.
285:.
121:,
1400:.
1385:.
1370:.
1356:.
1340:.
1314:.
1277:.
728:.
698:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.