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465:. The building was blown up and no one was caught on the night of the attack. However, due to an unknown betrayer, Arondéus was arrested on 1 April 1943. Arondéus refused to give up the rest of his team but his notebook was found, and as a result, a majority of the group were also arrested. Belinfante was the sole person from the group to have survived, forcing her to take on a man's identity and go undercover.
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455:. A major detriment to the success of these forgeries was the Municipal Office for Population Registration as its existence made the forgeries less useful, since their legitimacy could be checked against the registration lists and determined to be fakes. Arondéus and van der Veen, along with a number of associates, developed a plan to destroy the registration office.
469:
given custodial sentences instead. Before his execution, Arondéus made a point of ensuring the public would be aware that he and two other men in the group, Bakker and
Brouwer, were gay, asking either a friend or his lawyer (accounts vary) to "Tell people that homosexuals are not cowards." (In Dutch: "
468:
On 18 June 1943, Arondéus was tried and sentenced to death, along with 13 other men who participated. Two of the group received clemency, but the others were executed on 1 July 1943. Arondéus pleaded guilty and took the full blame, which may be why two young doctors were spared from execution and
343:
fuel trader. His parents were
Hendrik Cornelis Arondéus and Catharina Wilhelmina de Vries. He started working as an illustrator, designer of posters and tapestries and a painter. In 1923 he was commissioned to paint a large mural for
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Unfortunately, Arondeus was caught by the Nazis after the bombing and was sentenced to death in a show trial. In his final words to his lawyer before his execution, Arondeus pleaded, "Tell people that homosexuals are not
568:
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415:('Figures and Problems of Monumental Painting in the Netherlands') was published, again with designs by the author. At that date, however, Arondéus was already involved with the Dutch resistance movement.
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31:
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461:, which took place on 27 March 1943, was partially successful, and they managed to destroy 800,000 identity cards (15% of the records), and retrieve 600 blank cards and 50,000
451:. In the resistance, van der Veen specialized in forging identity cards. As a result, Arondéus also became involved in creating forged documents, along with lesbian resistant
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Around 1935, he gave up visual arts and became an author. The poems and stories he had written in the 1920s went unpublished, but in the year 1938 he published two novels,
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In 1945, after the liberation of the
Netherlands, Arondéus's family was awarded a posthumous medal by the Dutch government in his honour. In 1984, he was awarded the
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Vlak voor zijn terechtstelling vraagt Willem
Arondeus zijn advocate een belofte te doen: "Zeg de mensen dat homoseksuelen niet per definitie zwakkelingen zijn."
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before the war and defiantly asserted his sexual orientation before his execution. His last words were: "Tell people that homosexuals are not cowards."
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Entrop, Marco: Onbekwaam in het compromis. Willem Arondéus, kunstenaar en verzetsstrijder. Amsterdam, 1993.
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933:"Stephen Fry: Willem and Frieda – Defying the Nazis review – oh, what an astounding story this is!"
364:, as can be seen in his work. He did not attain much fame and lived in impoverished circumstances.
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829:"Frieda Belinfante: The Jew who dressed up like a man and fought in the Dutch resistance"
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304:. He participated in the bombing of the Amsterdam public records office to hinder the
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668:: Het leven van Willem Arondéus 1894-1943: een documentaire. Amsterdam, 2003.
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296:(22 August 1894 – 1 July 1943) was a Dutch artist and author who joined the
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documentary about Arondéus and
Belinfante's wartime resistance activity,
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Zeg de mensen dat homoseksuelen niet per definitie zwakkelingen zijn.
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O'Corra, Simon, Perfidious, A Play, Sachet Mixte Press, Spain, 2019
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O'Corra, Simon, Arondeus, A Play, Sachet Mixte Press, France, 2017
722:
Van Dijk, Lutz (2001). Aldrich, Robert; Wotherspoon, Gary (eds.).
30:
16:
Dutch painter, writer and member of the Dutch anti-Nazi resistance
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Pink
Triangle Legacies: Coming Out in the Shadow of the Holocaust
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In 1942, Arondéus started an underground periodical called the
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Figuren en problemen der monumentale schilderkunst in
Nederland
792:"Willem Arondeus: The Gay Men That Led The Dutch Resistance"
312:. Arondéus was caught and executed soon after his arrest.
397:('The Tragedy of the Dream'), a biography of the painter
372:
324:
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348:. During that same period, he illustrated poems by
815:"De aanslag op het Amsterdamse bevolkingsregister"
777:Yad Vashem: The World Holocaust Remembrance Center
1068:People executed by Nazi Germany occupation forces
994:
986:Stephen Fry: Willem & Frieda - Defying Nazis
1073:People executed by Nazi Germany by firing squad
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574:Calendar design for September, drawing, 1930–31
610:Calendar design for December, drawing, 1930–31
598:Calendar design for November, drawing, 1930–31
524:'s biographical World War II drama miniseries
586:Calendar design for October, drawing, 1930–31
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1038:Recipients of the Resistance Memorial Cross
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335:Willem Johan Cornelis Arondéus was born in
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530:, Willem Arondéus is played by Sean Hart.
498:In 2023 the English actor and broadcaster
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29:
1043:Resistance members killed by Nazi Germany
401:, who was a brother of the Dutch artists
306:Nazi German effort to identify Dutch Jews
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435:merged with another publication called
394:MatthÄłs Maris: de tragiek van den droom
129:MatthÄłs Maris: de tragiek van den droom
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624:Brieftelegrammen, een gevleugeld woord
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360:. He admired the older Dutch designer
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903:. Uitgeverij Aristos bv. p. 13.
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371:Arondéus on holiday on the island of
1083:Deaths by firearm in the Netherlands
833:Trailblazing Women & LGBTQ Folks
796:Trailblazing Women & LGBTQ Folks
725:Who's Who in Gay and Lesbian History
899:Lutz van Dijk; GĂĽnter Grau (2008).
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441:. Through the merger, Arondéus met
298:Dutch anti-Nazi resistance movement
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773:"The Righteous Among The Nations"
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1103:20th-century Dutch LGBTQ people
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931:Jones, Ellen E. (2023-03-02).
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852:W. Jake Newsome (2022-09-15).
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654:, ink and chalk on paper, 1943
294:Willem Johan Cornelis Arondéus
42:Willem Johan Cornelis Arondéus
1:
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856:. Cornell University Press.
339:, as the youngest son of an
132:('The Tragedy of the Dream')
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1088:20th-century Dutch painters
493:Righteous Among the Nations
318:Righteous Among the Nations
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1023:20th-century Dutch writers
1018:Artists from North Holland
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827:Polat, Guy (2022-06-02).
790:Polat, Guy (2021-11-13).
485:Resistance Memorial Cross
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308:and others wanted by the
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87:Execution by firing squad
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639:Design for a stamp, 1938
817:, Verzetsmuseum (Dutch)
491:recognized Arondéus as
388:In de bloeiende Ramenas
385:('The Owls House') and
354:Pieter Cornelis Boutens
316:recognized Arondéus as
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886:encyclopedia.ushmm.org
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980:Biography (in Dutch)
976:at Wikimedia Commons
901:Eenzaam was ik nooit
362:Richard Roland Holst
323:Arondéus was openly
1093:Dutch male painters
1013:People from Naarden
522:National Geographic
509:Willem & Frieda
487:. On 19 June 1986,
448:De Vrije Kunstenaar
443:Gerrit van der Veen
438:De Vrije Kunstenaar
419:Resistance movement
409:. Two years later,
346:Rotterdam City Hall
83:Cause of death
989:(documentary film)
516:In popular culture
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177:Seven Laws of Noah
1058:Dutch gay writers
1053:Dutch gay artists
972:Media related to
882:"Willem Arondeus"
666:Dantzig, Rudi van
453:Frieda Belinfante
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144:Among the Nations
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948:. Retrieved
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123:Notable work
69:(1943-07-01)
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660:Biographies
500:Stephen Fry
93:Citizenship
67:1 July 1943
997:Categories
950:2023-03-03
838:2023-01-12
801:2023-01-12
696:References
489:Yad Vashem
331:Early life
314:Yad Vashem
225:Lithuanian
191:By country
182:Yad Vashem
48:1894-08-22
945:0261-3077
869:cowards."
730:Routledge
652:Purgatory
627:, 1937–38
504:Channel 4
341:Amsterdam
255:Ukrainian
230:Norwegian
220:Hungarian
142:Righteous
463:guilders
245:Romanian
205:Croatian
200:Austrian
534:Gallery
502:made a
375:, 1921.
337:Naarden
310:Gestapo
300:during
250:Serbian
75:Haarlem
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548:Salome
479:Legacy
235:Polish
215:German
403:Jacob
210:Czech
97:Dutch
941:ISSN
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858:ISBN
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64:Died
38:Born
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325:gay
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